A lightning protection and lightning arrester structure suitable for a hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of lightning protection air-termination structure, and provides a lightning protection air-termination structure suitable for a hydrogen storage tank, which comprises a mounting seat and a hydrogen storage tank and is used for being fixed on the ground, a lightning rod is arranged at the upper end of the mounting seat through bolts, a lightning arrester is arranged at the upper end of the lightning rod, a down conductor is welded at the lower end of the lightning rod, a grounding body is assembled at the lower end of the down conductor and is buried in the ground, the distance between the lightning rod and the hydrogen storage tank is less than 1m, and the upper end of the lightning arrester is 1-2m higher than the upper end of the hydrogen storage tank. The application has the beneficial effects that the design of the lightning arrester, the lightning rod, the down conductor and the grounding body blocks the direct passage of lightning through the storage tank into the ground, effectively improves the safety of the hydrogen buffer tank, and makes the storage tank be in the protection range of the lightning arrester.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of lightning protection and lightning arrester structure, and specifically relates to a lightning protection and lightning arrester structure suitable for hydrogen storage tanks. Background Technology

[0002] As a flammable and explosive clean energy source, the safe storage of hydrogen has always been a critical issue in industrial production. During operation, hydrogen storage tanks not only need to cope with fluctuations in internal parameters such as pressure and temperature, but also need to withstand interference from external environmental factors, among which lightning strikes pose a potentially significant safety hazard.

[0003] When lightning strikes a storage tank, the powerful current can trigger intense thermal and electromagnetic effects, potentially leading to the following risks: A direct lightning strike to the tank could cause the metal to melt due to the instantaneous high temperature, resulting in hydrogen leakage or even an explosion; even if the lightning does not directly strike the tank, the surrounding strong electromagnetic field can induce charges on the tank surface. When these charges accumulate to a certain level, they can spark and ignite leaking hydrogen; if the grounding system of the storage tank or its auxiliary facilities is inadequate, the lightning current cannot quickly dissipate to the ground and may be conducted along pipelines, cables, etc., to other equipment, causing a chain reaction of damage.

[0004] Currently, traditional lightning protection devices (such as ordinary lightning rods and lightning arresters) have many limitations when applied to hydrogen storage tanks:

[0005] 1. The height and arrangement of conventional lightning arresters are difficult to completely cover large storage tanks, which can easily create blind spots in protection;

[0006] 2. Hydrogen storage tanks are mostly located in open areas, where strong winds and lightning strikes can easily cause the lightning protection devices to deform or break, affecting long-term reliability. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a lightning arrester structure suitable for hydrogen storage tanks. Through the design of the lightning arrester, lightning rod, down conductor and grounding body, it blocks the direct introduction of lightning into the ground through the storage tank, effectively improving the safety of the hydrogen buffer tank and keeping the storage tank within the protection range of the lightning arrester.

[0008] The technical solution is as follows: A lightning arrester structure suitable for hydrogen storage tanks includes a mounting base and a hydrogen storage tank for fixing on the ground. A lightning rod is bolted to the upper end of the mounting base. A lightning arrester is installed at the upper end of the lightning rod, and a down conductor is welded to the lower end. A grounding electrode is installed at the lower end of the down conductor and buried in the ground. The distance between the lightning rod and the hydrogen storage tank is less than 1 meter, and the upper end of the lightning arrester is 1-2 meters higher than the upper end of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0009] During use, the above technical solution, through the design of the lightning arrester, lightning rod, down conductor and grounding body, blocks the direct introduction of lightning into the ground through the storage tank, effectively improving the safety of the hydrogen buffer tank and keeping the storage tank within the protection range of the lightning arrester.

[0010] Preferably, the lightning arrester is a carbon steel cylinder with a diameter of 20mm and a galvanized layer on its surface.

[0011] Preferably, the lightning rod adopts a circular hollow structure with a diameter of 50 x 3.5 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the lightning arrester is inserted into the lightning rod and welded to the upper part of the lightning rod by a fillet weld.

[0013] Preferably, the down conductor overlaps with the grounding electrode, and the overlap length is twice the width of the down conductor. The down conductor and the grounding electrode are fully welded together.

[0014] Preferably, the number of grounding electrodes is 3-5, and they are evenly distributed axially on the outside of the lightning rod. The lower end of each grounding electrode is provided with a grounding electrode that is vertically inserted into the ground. The grounding electrode is welded to the down conductor through a connecting plate.

[0015] Preferably, the lightning arrester is provided with at least three inclined branch pins, and the angle between the two is 50-70°.

[0016] Preferably, an L-shaped reinforcing rod is fixedly installed on the mounting base, and an outer ring sleeve and an inner ring sleeve are provided on the L-shaped reinforcing rod and are movably fitted onto the lightning rod. Three shock-absorbing and buffering mechanisms are provided between the outer ring sleeve and the inner ring sleeve in a circumferentially evenly distributed manner.

[0017] Preferably, the shock absorption and buffer mechanism includes ball joint seats fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer ring and the outer wall of the inner ring. Two ball joint seats are hinged with hinged balls for omnidirectional rotation along the ball joint seats. Mounting brackets are fixedly installed on the two hinged balls respectively. A buffer cavity is fixedly installed on one mounting bracket and a buffer rod is fixedly installed on the other mounting bracket. A first piston plate is fixedly installed and slidably installed in the buffer cavity at the end of the buffer rod. The first piston plate and the buffer cavity form a buffer cavity for filling with buffer solution. A shock-absorbing spring is movably fitted on the buffer rod, with one end connected and fixedly connected to the buffer cavity and the other end connected and fixedly connected to the mounting bracket.

[0018] Preferably, the outer wall of the buffer cavity is provided with a detection cavity, a first detection contact is fixedly disposed in the detection cavity, a second piston plate is slidably installed in the detection cavity, one end of the second piston plate is provided with a second detection contact corresponding to the first detection contact, and the other end is fixedly provided with a piston rod, the end of the piston rod is connected and fixed to the mounting bracket through a connecting rod, and an elastic component is provided between the second piston plate and the detection cavity to drive the second detection contact away from the first detection contact.

[0019] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: through the design of the lightning arrester, lightning rod, down conductor and grounding body, the direct introduction of lightning into the ground through the storage tank is blocked, which effectively improves the safety of the hydrogen buffer tank and keeps the storage tank within the protection range of the lightning arrester. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is an installation diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a top view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the branch pin in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a top view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the shock-absorbing switching mechanism in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0030] In the diagram, 1. Hydrogen storage tank; 2. Lightning arrester; 3. Down conductor; 4. Grounding electrode; 5. Lightning arrester rod; 6. Mounting base; 7. Grounding electrode; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Branch pin; 10. L-shaped reinforcing rod; 11. Outer ring sleeve; 12. Inner ring sleeve; 13. Shock absorption and buffer mechanism; 131. Ball joint seat; 132. Hinge ball; 133. Mounting bracket; 134. Buffer cavity; 135. First piston plate; 136. Buffer rod; 137. Shock-absorbing spring; 14. Detection cavity; 15. First detection contact; 16. Second piston plate; 17. Second detection contact; 18. Piston rod; 19. Elastic component; 20. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model. Example

[0032] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a lightning arrester structure suitable for hydrogen storage tanks includes a mounting base 6 and a hydrogen storage tank 1 for fixing on the ground. A lightning rod 5 is bolted to the upper end of the mounting base 6. A lightning arrester 2 is mounted on the upper end of the lightning rod 5, and a down conductor 3 is welded to the lower end. A grounding electrode 4 is assembled at the lower end of the down conductor 3 and buried in the ground. The distance between the lightning rod 5 and the hydrogen storage tank 1 is less than 1 meter. The upper end of the lightning arrester 2 is 1-2 meters higher than the upper end of the hydrogen storage tank 1.

[0033] The lightning arrester 2 is a 20mm diameter carbon steel cylinder with a galvanized layer on its surface. The lightning rod 5 is a circular hollow structure with a diameter of 50mm x 3.5mm. The lower end of the lightning arrester 2 is inserted into the lightning rod 5 and welded to the upper part of the lightning rod 5 by fillet weld. The down conductor 3 overlaps with the grounding body 4, and the overlap length is twice the width of the down conductor 3. The down conductor 3 and the grounding body 4 are fully welded together.

[0034] Specifically: the lightning rod 5 is made of ordinary carbon steel, and the lightning rod 5 and the down conductor 3 are fully welded together by fillet weld. The grounding body 4 is made of 60×6mm flat iron, and the down conductor 3 is made of 40×4mm flat iron.

[0035] In actual operation: The galvanized carbon steel lightning arrester 2 preferentially attracts lightning discharge, which is then conducted to the down conductor 3 via the lightning rod 5. The full welding process of the fillet weld ensures the integrity of the current path. Finally, the lightning current is discharged to the ground through the 60×6mm flat iron grounding body 4. The close arrangement of the lightning rod 5 and the hydrogen storage tank 1 with a distance of less than 1 meter, combined with the height difference design of the lightning arrester 2 of 1-2 meters, forms a local Faraday cage effect, so that the storage tank is within the protection range of the lightning arrester 2. The size matching of the 20mm diameter cylindrical lightning arrester 2 and the 50×3.5mm hollow lightning rod 5 takes into account both lightning reception efficiency and structural strength. The full welding connection of the 40×4mm down conductor 3 and the grounding body with a width of 42 times effectively reduces the grounding resistance. Example

[0036] Based on Example 1, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, there are 3-5 grounding bodies 4, which are evenly distributed axially on the outside of the lightning rod 5. The lower end of the grounding body 4 is provided with a grounding electrode 7 that is vertically inserted into the ground. The grounding body 4 is welded to the down conductor 3 through a connecting plate 8. The lightning arrester 2 is provided with at least three inclined branch pins 9, and the angle between them is 50-70°.

[0037] In actual operation: A three-dimensional current dissipation network is constructed by 3-5 axially evenly distributed grounding bodies 4, which, together with the deeply buried grounding electrodes 7, form a three-dimensional current dissipation system, so that the lightning current is evenly introduced into the ground along multiple channels. At least three branch needles 9 arranged at an angle of 50-70° form an umbrella-shaped lightning interception array, which expands the effective interception area by about 2.3 times compared with the single needle structure. The grounding body 4 on the outside of the lightning rod 5 is welded to the down conductor 3 through the connecting plate 8 to form an equipotential connection, eliminating the potential difference that is easy to be generated by traditional single-point grounding. The vertically inserted grounding electrode 7 enhances the soil ionization effect, reducing the impulse grounding resistance by more than 40%. The spatial symmetrical layout of multiple branch needles 9 and multiple grounding bodies 4 ensures that all directions of the hydrogen storage tank 1 are within the protection range of the lightning priority discharge path. Example

[0038] Based on Example 2, such as Figures 6-8As shown, an L-shaped reinforcing rod 10 is fixedly installed on the mounting base 6. An outer ring sleeve 11 and an inner ring sleeve 12 are movably fitted onto the lightning rod 5 on the L-shaped reinforcing rod 10. Three circumferentially evenly distributed shock-absorbing and buffering mechanisms 13 are provided between the outer ring sleeve 11 and the inner ring sleeve 12. Each shock-absorbing and buffering mechanism 13 includes a ball joint seat 131 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer ring sleeve 11 and the outer wall of the inner ring sleeve 12. Two ball joint seats 131 are hinged with hinged balls 132 for omnidirectional rotation along the ball joint seats 131. Mounting brackets 133 are fixedly installed on each of the two mounting brackets. A buffer cavity 134 is fixedly installed on one mounting bracket 133, and a buffer rod 136 is fixedly installed on the other mounting bracket 133. A first piston plate 135 is fixedly installed at the end of the buffer rod 136 and is slidably installed in the buffer cavity 134. The first piston plate 135 and the buffer cavity 134 form a buffer cavity for filling buffer solution. A shock-absorbing spring 137 is movably mounted on the buffer rod 136, with one end connected and fixed to the buffer cavity 134 and the other end connected and fixed to the mounting bracket 133.

[0039] In actual operation: A three-dimensional stable system is formed by the composite fixing of the L-shaped reinforcing rod 10 with the outer ring sleeve 11 and the inner ring sleeve 12. When the lightning rod 5 is struck by lightning, the three circumferentially distributed shock-absorbing and buffering mechanisms 13 achieve multi-directional displacement compensation through the ball joint seat 131. The buffer rod 136 drives the first piston plate 135 to make damping movement in the cavity filled with buffer solution. With the elastic deformation of the shock-absorbing spring 137, more than 90% of the instantaneous impact force is absorbed. The movable sleeve design of the outer ring sleeve 11 and the inner ring sleeve 12 allows the lightning rod 5 to deflect inward. The universal rotation mechanism of the ball joint seat 131 and the hinge ball 132 can decompose the vibration energy in any direction. The buffer cavity 134 adopts a dual buffering mode of hydraulic damping and mechanical spring to prevent the lightning rod 5 from tilting or breaking due to lightning strikes and wind, thereby affecting normal use. Example

[0040] Based on Example 3, such as Figure 9As shown, a detection cavity 14 is provided on the outer wall of the buffer cavity 134. A first detection contact 15 is fixedly installed inside the detection cavity 14. A second piston plate 16 is slidably installed inside the detection cavity 14. A second detection contact 17 corresponding to the first detection contact 15 is provided at one end of the second piston plate 16, and a piston rod 18 is fixedly provided at the other end. The end of the piston rod 18 is connected and fixed to the mounting bracket 133 through a connecting rod 20. An elastic component 19 is provided between the second piston plate 16 and the detection cavity 14 to drive the second detection contact 17 away from the first detection contact 15. The elastic component 19 is a return spring, and one end is connected and fixed to the second piston plate 16, and the other end is connected and fixed to the inner wall of the detection cavity 14. An alarm is provided on the inner or outer wall of the outer ring sleeve 11 and is electrically connected to the first detection contact 15 and the second detection contact 17. Both the inner ring sleeve 12 and the outer ring sleeve 11 are made of insulating material.

[0041] In actual operation: The displacement of the shock absorption mechanism is transmitted to the piston rod 18 through the connecting rod 20, which drives the second piston plate 16 to compress the reset spring and move towards the first detection contact 15. When the lightning impact force or wind force exceeds the set threshold, the second detection contact 17 contacts the first detection contact 15 to conduct the alarm circuit. The ring made of insulating material ensures that the signal transmission is not affected by electromagnetic interference. The preload of the reset spring is set to 1.2 times the rated load of the buffer mechanism, so that the detection action has a delay characteristic of 0.5-1.2 seconds to avoid false alarms. The alarm adopts a dual-mode sound and light alarm method, which triggers the warning when the lightning rod 5 is subjected to wind vibration of level 8 or above or lightning current of 10kA or above.

[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications may be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this utility model as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lightning protection and lightning arrester structure suitable for a hydrogen storage tank, comprising a mounting base (6) and a hydrogen storage tank (1) for fixing to the ground, characterized in that: The mounting base (6) is bolted to the upper end of a lightning rod (5), the upper end of which is equipped with a lightning arrester (2), and the lower end is welded with a down conductor (3). The lower end of the down conductor (3) is equipped with a grounding body (4) and is buried in the ground. The distance between the lightning rod (5) and the hydrogen storage tank (1) is less than 1 meter, and the upper end of the lightning arrester (2) is 1-2 meters higher than the upper end of the hydrogen storage tank (1).

2. The lightning protection and lightning arrester structure for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, wherein The lightning arrester (2) is a carbon steel cylinder with a diameter of 20 mm and has a galvanized layer on its surface.

3. The lightning protection and lightning arrester structure for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized by, The lightning rod (5) adopts a circular hollow structure with a diameter of 50 x 3.5 mm.

4. The lightning protection and lightning arrester structure for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 3, characterized by The lower end of the lightning arrester (2) is inserted into the lightning rod (5) and welded to the upper part of the lightning rod (5) by fillet weld.

5. The lightning protection and lightning arrester structure for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 4, wherein The down conductor (3) overlaps with the grounding body (4), and the overlap length is twice the width of the down conductor (3). The down conductor (3) and the grounding body (4) are fully welded together.

6. The lightning protection and lightning arrester structure for a hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The number of grounding bodies (4) is 3-5, and they are evenly distributed axially on the outside of the lightning rod (5). The lower end of the grounding body (4) is provided with a grounding electrode (7) that is vertically inserted into the ground. The grounding body (4) is welded to the down conductor (3) through a connecting plate (8).

7. The lightning protection and lightning arrester structure for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 6, characterized by The lightning arrester (2) is provided with at least three inclined branch pins (9), and the angle between them is 50-70°.

8. The lightning protection and lightning arrester structure for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 7, characterized by, An L-shaped reinforcing rod (10) is fixedly installed on the mounting base (6). An outer ring sleeve (11) and an inner ring sleeve (12) are provided on the L-shaped reinforcing rod (10) and are movably fitted on the lightning rod (5). Three shock-absorbing and buffering mechanisms (13) are provided between the outer ring sleeve (11) and the inner ring sleeve (12) in a circumferentially evenly distributed manner.

9. The lightning protection and lightning arrester structure for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 8, characterized by, The shock absorption and buffer mechanism (13) includes ball joint seats (131) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer ring (11) and the outer wall of the inner ring (12). Two ball joint seats (131) are hinged with hinged balls (132) for omnidirectional rotation along the ball joint seats (131). Mounting brackets (133) are fixedly installed on each of the two hinged balls (132). One mounting bracket (133) has a buffer cavity (134) fixedly installed on it, and the other mounting bracket (133) has a buffer cavity (134) fixedly installed on it. A buffer rod (136) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the buffer rod (136). A first piston plate (135) is fixedly installed at the end of the buffer rod (136) and is slidably installed in the buffer cavity (134). The first piston plate (135) and the buffer cavity (134) form a buffer cavity for filling buffer solution. A shock-absorbing spring (137) is movably fitted on the buffer rod (136). One end of the spring is connected and fixed to the buffer cavity (134), and the other end is connected and fixed to the mounting bracket (133).

10. The lightning protection and lightning arrester structure for a hydrogen storage tank according to claim 9, wherein The outer wall of the buffer cavity (134) is provided with a detection cavity (14). A first detection contact (15) is fixedly provided in the detection cavity (14). A second piston plate (16) is slidably installed in the detection cavity (14). One end of the second piston plate (16) is provided with a second detection contact (17) corresponding to the first detection contact (15), and the other end is fixedly provided with a piston rod (18). The end of the piston rod (18) is connected and fixed to the mounting bracket (133) through a connecting rod (20). An elastic component (19) is provided between the second piston plate (16) and the detection cavity (14) for driving the second detection contact (17) away from the first detection contact (15).

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