A kind of software and hardware protection circuit applied to non-isolated multi-output fault

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of software and hardware protection circuit applied to non-isolated multi-output fault, it is related to power output protection circuit technical field, the software and hardware protection circuit includes the recoverable fuse for solving short circuit problem, the anti-backflow diode for solving overcurrent problem, and the transient voltage suppression diode and high-voltage large-capacity capacitor for absorbing backflow energy.The application adds a software and hardware protection circuit applied to non-isolated multi-output fault between the connection end of standard brick module and each software and hardware, effectively solves the technical problem that the normal output of other output paths is affected when the certain path of the output path of traditional standard brick module appears overcurrent, short circuit, overvoltage and the like, and further realizes the technical effect that the normal work of other output paths is not affected when single output path in standard brick module appears fault.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power output protection circuit technology, and in particular to a hardware and software protection circuit for non-isolated multi-output faults. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, multi-output from a single power supply is a common power output method across various industries. To save costs and reduce product size, a standard brick module (i.e., a power supply module) capable of handling the total power output of multiple channels is typically chosen. This standard brick module usually has an input voltage range of 36V to 75V and an output power between 50W and 150W. It can be applied in servers, telecommunications, industrial equipment, and other fields. The output paths of the standard brick module are filtered by LC before being supplied to the load.

[0003] However, in this case of multiple power outputs, if an overcurrent, short circuit, or overvoltage occurs in one of the output channels, the entire standard brick module will activate its protection program, ultimately causing other output channels to also fail to output. Therefore, it is necessary to design a circuit that provides both hardware and software protection to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a hardware and software protection circuit for non-isolated multi-output faults, solving the technical problem in the prior art where a power failure in one output path of a standard brick module triggers the protection program, preventing other paths from outputting. It achieves the technical effect that a fault in a single output path of a standard brick module does not affect the output of other paths.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: A hardware and software protection circuit for non-isolated multi-output faults includes: a short-circuit fuse F1, a current sampling chip N1, an optocoupler circuit U4, a MOSFET Q4, an anti-reverse current diode D2, and a reverse current energy absorption unit. One end of the short-circuit fuse F1 is electrically connected to a standard brick module, and the other end is electrically connected to the input terminal of the current sampling chip N1. The output terminal of the current sampling chip N1 is electrically connected to the source of the MOSFET Q4. The optocoupler circuit U4 includes an optotransistor. One end of the optotransistor is connected in parallel to the gate of the MOSFET Q4, and the other end of the optotransistor is grounded. The drain of the MOSFET Q4 is grounded. The positive terminal of the anti-reverse current diode D2 is electrically connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q4, and the negative terminal of the anti-reverse current diode D2 is electrically connected to the source of the MOSFET Q4. The input terminal of the reverse current energy absorption unit is electrically connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q4, and the output terminal of the reverse current energy absorption unit is grounded.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a filter capacitor L1, one end of which is electrically connected to the short-circuit fuse F1, and the other end is electrically connected to the input terminal of the current sampling chip N1.

[0007] Furthermore, the optocoupler circuit U4 also includes a light-emitting diode; the positive terminal of the light-emitting diode is electrically connected to a DC power supply, and the negative terminal is electrically connected to a port of the controller.

[0008] Furthermore, the reverse-current energy absorption unit includes a transient voltage suppression diode D4 and a capacitor C17; the input terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode D4 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q4, and the output terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode D4 is grounded; the capacitor C17 is connected in parallel across the transient voltage suppression diode D4.

[0009] Furthermore, the short-circuit fuse F1 is a resettable fuse.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes connecting multiple of the aforementioned hardware and software protection circuits in parallel with multiple of the aforementioned standard brick modules.

[0011] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This application embodiment adds a hardware / software protection circuit for non-isolated multi-output faults at the connection point between the standard brick module and various hardware and software components. This solves the problems of short circuits and overcurrents, and also absorbs the reverse energy output by the hardware and software. This application effectively solves the technical problem that when a single output path of a traditional standard brick module experiences overcurrent, short circuit, or overvoltage, it affects the normal output of other output paths. Therefore, it achieves the technical effect that a fault in a single output path within the standard brick module does not affect the normal output of other paths. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a circuit connection diagram of a hardware and software protection circuit for non-isolated multi-output faults provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0015] Figure 1 A circuit connection diagram for a hardware and software protection circuit applied to a non-isolated multi-output fault, as provided in an embodiment of this application, is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the hardware and software protection circuit provided in this application embodiment includes a short-circuit fuse F1, a current sampling chip N1, an optocoupler circuit U4, an anti-backflow diode D2, and a reverse-current energy absorption unit.

[0016] One end of the short-circuit fuse F1 is electrically connected to the standard brick module, and the other end is electrically connected to the input terminal of the current sampling chip N1.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, MOSFET Q4 includes a source, a gate, and a drain. The source is denoted as S (Source), the gate as G (Gate), and the drain as D (Drain), and MOSFET Q4 is a P-type MOSFET.

[0018] The output terminal of the current sampling chip N1 is electrically connected to the source of the MOSFET Q4, the gate of the MOSFET Q4 is electrically connected to one end of the optocoupler circuit U4 (one end of the optotransistor), and the drain of the MOSFET Q4 is grounded; the other end of the optocoupler circuit U4 is electrically connected to the controller (not shown in the figure).

[0019] The positive terminal of the anti-reverse current diode D2 is electrically connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q4, and the negative terminal of the anti-reverse current diode D2 is electrically connected to the source of the MOSFET Q4. For example, the anti-reverse current diode D2 can be selected based on the magnitude of the overcurrent, choosing either a Schottky diode or an ORING diode.

[0020] The input terminal of the reverse power absorption unit is electrically connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q4, and the output terminal of the reverse power absorption unit is grounded.

[0021] This application embodiment incorporates a hardware and software protection circuit for non-isolated multi-output faults at the connection points between the standard brick module and various hardware and software components. This protection circuit includes a resettable fuse to resolve short-circuit issues, an anti-backflow diode to address overcurrent problems, a transient voltage suppression diode for absorbing backflow energy, and a high-voltage, high-capacity capacitor. This application effectively solves the technical problem in traditional standard brick modules where overcurrent, short circuit, or overvoltage in one output power supply path affects the normal output of other power supply paths. Thus, it achieves the technical effect that a fault in a single output path within the standard brick module does not affect the normal output of other paths.

[0022] For example, the embodiments of this application also include a filter capacitor L1 for smoothing pulsating DC, reducing ripple, removing high-frequency noise, and improving the stability of the output circuit of the standard brick module. One end of the filter capacitor L1 is electrically connected to the short-circuit fuse F1, and the other end is electrically connected to the input terminal of the current sampling chip N1.

[0023] In this embodiment, the optocoupler circuit U4 includes a light-emitting diode (LED) and a phototransistor. The positive terminal of the LED is electrically connected to a DC power supply, and the negative terminal is electrically connected to the controller (specifically, to port EN3 of the microcontroller). One end of the phototransistor is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the anti-backflow diode D2, and the other end of the phototransistor is grounded.

[0024] Specifically, the positive terminal of the LED is connected to a +3.3V DC power supply, and the negative terminal is connected to port EN3 of the controller.

[0025] The reverse voltage suppression unit includes a transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS) D4 and a capacitor C17. The input terminal of the TVS diode D4 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q4, and the output terminal of the TVS diode D4 is grounded. Capacitor C17 is connected in parallel across the TVS diode D4. Capacitor C17 is a high-voltage, high-capacity capacitor, used in conjunction with the TVS diode D4 to complete the reverse voltage suppression process.

[0026] For example, the short-circuit fuse F1 is a resettable fuse.

[0027] The current sampling chip N1 also includes pins VCC, Vout, and GND. Pin VCC is electrically connected to the +5V input power supply to power the current sampling chip N1. A capacitor C14 is connected in parallel between pin Vout and pin GND. Vout is also connected in parallel to Is (Indicator Switch). GND is connected to the -5V power supply (i.e., the negative terminal of the input power supply).

[0028] In this embodiment, multiple capacitors and multiple resistors are also included to cooperate with the main electronic components in this embodiment to complete the protection of each hardware and software in the event of a non-isolated multi-output failure.

[0029] Specifically, the capacitors include capacitors C9, C10, C11, C12, C15, and C16.

[0030] In this configuration, one end of capacitor C11 is electrically connected to the connection point between short-circuit fuse F1 and filter capacitor L1, while the other end is grounded. One end of capacitor C9 is electrically connected to the end of filter capacitor L1 furthest from the connection point with short-circuit fuse F1, while the other end of capacitor C9 is grounded. Capacitor C12 is connected in parallel across capacitor C9.

[0031] One end of capacitor C10 is electrically connected to the output terminal of current sampling chip N1, and the other end is electrically connected to the non-grounded terminal of the optotransistor in optocoupler circuit U4.

[0032] One end of capacitor C15 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of anti-backflow diode D2, and the other end is grounded.

[0033] One end of capacitor C16 is electrically connected to the drain of MOSFET Q4, and the other end is grounded.

[0034] The resistors include resistors R13, R14, R15, and R16.

[0035] In this circuit, resistor R13 is connected in parallel across the anti-backflow diode D2. One end of resistor R14 is connected to a +3.3V DC power supply, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of the LED in optocoupler circuit U4. One end of resistor R15 is connected to the end of capacitor C15 furthest from the anti-backflow diode D2, and the other end is grounded. One end of resistor R16 is connected to transient voltage suppression diode D4, and the other end is grounded.

[0036] In this embodiment of the application, a diode D3 is also included, and the positive terminal of diode D3 is also included.

[0037] It should be noted that the hardware and software protection circuits for non-isolated multi-output faults provided in this application are multiple, and each hardware and software protection circuit is connected to a standard brick module, and their working principles are all the same. When one hardware and software protection circuit triggers the protection mechanism, it does not affect the normal operation of other hardware and software protection circuits.

[0038] The working principle of the hardware and software protection circuit provided in this application embodiment is as follows: A resettable short-circuit fuse F1 is added to the positive terminal of each output of the standard brick module. When a short circuit occurs in one of the outputs, the short-circuit fuse F1 will physically blow without affecting the other outputs of the standard brick module. When the short circuit disappears, the short-circuit fuse F1 will reset.

[0039] A current sampling chip N1 is added to the main circuit of the hardware and software protection circuit. When the output current of a certain output channel of the standard brick module is too large, exceeding the threshold set by the controller, the current sampling chip N1 samples the current and sends it to the controller (represented by a microcontroller). Figure 1 (Not shown in the image) After comparing the current, the controller sends an enable / disable signal to the optocoupler circuit U4 and locks the output path, so that the output path connected to the standard brick module does not work. At this time, it does not affect the normal output of other output paths.

[0040] Once the overcurrent fault disappears, you need to manually send an enable signal to the optocoupler circuit U4 again for the output circuit to work normally.

[0041] When a motor or other inductive device is connected to an output circuit, reverse current leakage is likely to occur. This reverse current leakage can easily raise the output voltage of the standard brick module, making other output circuits susceptible to damage. Therefore, an anti-reverse current leakage diode D2 is added to each output circuit. The selection of this anti-reverse current leakage diode D2 can be based on the current magnitude; a Schottky diode or an ORING diode can be used for protection. Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a Schottky diode is selected as the anti-backflow diode D2.

[0042] At the same time, a transient voltage suppression diode D4 is added to the output terminal of this circuit to protect electrical equipment from voltage spikes introduced by the wires. A high-voltage, high-capacity capacitor (such as...) is also added. Figure 1 The capacitor C17 shown is used to absorb reverse energy to ensure that the voltage and load (electrical equipment) are not affected by reverse energy.

[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A hardware and software protection circuit for non-isolated multi-output faults, characterized in that, include: Short-circuit fuse F1, current sampling chip N1, optocoupler circuit U4, MOSFET Q4, anti-reverse current diode D2, and reverse current energy absorption unit; One end of the short-circuit fuse F1 is electrically connected to the standard brick module, and the other end is electrically connected to the input terminal of the current sampling chip N1; the output terminal of the current sampling chip N1 is electrically connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q4. The optocoupler circuit U4 includes an optotransistor; one end of the optotransistor is connected in parallel to the gate of the MOS transistor Q4, and the other end of the optotransistor is grounded; The drain of the MOSFET Q4 is grounded; The positive terminal of the anti-backflow diode D2 is electrically connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q4, and the negative terminal of the anti-backflow diode D2 is electrically connected to the source of the MOSFET Q4. The input terminal of the reverse power absorption unit is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q4, and the output terminal of the reverse power absorption unit is grounded.

2. The hardware and software protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a filter capacitor L1, one end of which is electrically connected to the short-circuit fuse F1, and the other end is electrically connected to the input terminal of the current sampling chip N1.

3. The hardware and software protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optocoupler circuit U4 also includes a light-emitting diode; The positive terminal of the light-emitting diode is electrically connected to a DC power supply, and the negative terminal is electrically connected to a port of the controller.

4. The hardware and software protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse energy absorption unit includes a transient voltage suppression diode D4 and a capacitor C17; The input terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode D4 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q4, and the output terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode D4 is grounded. The capacitor C17 is connected in parallel across the transient voltage suppression diode D4.

5. The hardware and software protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short-circuit fuse F1 is a resettable fuse.

6. The hardware and software protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The multiple hardware and software protection circuits are connected in parallel with the multiple standard brick modules respectively.

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