A multi-gun direct-current charging power distribution system, a charging pile and a power supply device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system, a charging pile, and power supply equipment. It includes an AC input unit, a charging module group, and a power distribution unit. The power distribution unit includes at least one first DC bus and at least one switching switch. The switching switch is located on the first DC bus. One end of the first DC bus is electrically connected to one charging gun, and the other end is electrically connected to another charging gun. This technical solution employs a modular charging structure and a switchable power distribution unit, introducing at least one DC bus and a switching switch on the bus. This allows for dynamic power distribution among multiple charging modules through flexible configuration, effectively breaking the limitations of traditional fixed grouping methods and enabling power sharing among different charging guns. Furthermore, the bus connects to different charging guns at both ends, providing multi-directional power scheduling paths, which helps reduce the risk of single-point failures in centralized power pools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system, a charging pile and power supply equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale promotion of electric vehicles and the increasing demand for fast charging, charging pile systems, especially high-power DC fast charging devices, are widely used in scenarios such as bus stations and logistics parks. In order to achieve efficient and safe operation of multiple charging guns simultaneously, the charging system needs to have good power scheduling capabilities, resource utilization efficiency, and system reliability.

[0003] Most power allocation architectures in related technologies mainly include centralized power pools, fixed group output methods and star topologies, which have the following shortcomings: (1) The centralized power pool structure relies on a single large-capacity power stack and centralized power distribution unit (PDU). When any core device fails, the entire system may be paralyzed. Moreover, its power dynamic allocation algorithm is complex and has a slow response speed, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale dynamic scheduling. (2) The fixed group output method binds the charging module and the charging gun one by one, and cannot dynamically adjust the power allocation according to the actual usage. It has poor scalability and requires hardware modification when the number of terminals increases. At the same time, when some terminals are idle, their corresponding power modules will be idle, resulting in low overall resource utilization. (3) The traditional star topology uses a single central node for power scheduling. Once the central node fails, all branch nodes will lose power supply at the same time, resulting in poor system reliability. Moreover, if the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) function is to be implemented, a reverse path needs to be added to the original structure, which makes the system structure complex and the implementation cost high.

[0004] Therefore, the relevant technologies need to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system, a charging pile, and power supply equipment to solve at least one technical problem mentioned in the related technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this utility model provides a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system, the multi-gun DC charging power distribution system comprising an AC input unit, a charging module group and a power distribution unit connected in sequence;

[0007] The AC input unit is used to receive AC power from the mains.

[0008] The charging module group is used to receive the AC power and convert it into DC power for transmission to the power distribution unit;

[0009] The power distribution unit includes at least one first DC bus and at least one switching switch. The switching switch is disposed on the first DC bus. One end of the first DC bus is used to be electrically connected to a charging gun, and the other end of the first DC bus is used to be electrically connected to another charging gun.

[0010] The power distribution unit is used to transmit the DC power to one charging gun and / or the other charging gun.

[0011] A second aspect of this utility model provides a charging pile, including a charging pile body and a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system as described in the first aspect, wherein the multi-gun DC charging power distribution system is built into the charging pile body.

[0012] A third aspect of this utility model provides a power supply device, including a power grid and a charging pile as described in the second aspect; the power grid is electrically connected to the charging pile and provides AC power.

[0013] This utility model relates to a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system, charging pile, and power supply equipment. It adopts a modular charging structure and a switchable power distribution unit. In particular, it introduces at least one DC bus and a switching switch installed on the bus, which allows the power among multiple charging modules to be dynamically distributed through flexible configuration. This effectively breaks the limitations of the traditional fixed grouping method and realizes power sharing among different charging guns. In addition, different charging guns are connected to both ends of the bus, which has a multi-directional power scheduling path. This helps to reduce the risk of single point of failure in centralized power pools, improve the redundancy and reliability of the overall system, and is suitable for rapid deployment in different charging scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 A circuit connection diagram of a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a power distribution unit in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the inventive objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0019] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. The term "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described feature, whole, step, operation, element, and / or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or sets thereof. The term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may include three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used in the embodiments of this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art; the terms used in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and foregoing description of the drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0021] Furthermore, terms such as "exemplary," "for example," and "optional" are used to indicate illustrative purposes. Any technical solution described by the above terms in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other technical solutions. Specifically, these terms are intended to present the relevant technical concepts in terms of specific implementation methods.

[0022] Please refer to the following in order. Figures 1 to 2This application provides a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system, which includes an AC input unit 10, a charging module group 20, and a power distribution unit 30 connected in sequence. The components are described below:

[0023] The AC input unit 10 receives three-phase AC power from the mains and, after processing by an AC switch / contaminator, overvoltage / undervoltage protection devices, and leakage protection devices, provides the controlled AC input to the charging module group 20. Preferably, the AC input unit 10 may be configured with a first AC circuit and a second AC circuit, with each circuit independently supplying power to the charging modules of different subgroups via an AC contactor, thereby achieving input-side redundancy.

[0024] The charging module group 20 can consist of multiple charging modules, each group rectifying and converting the AC input into a controlled DC output. The positive and negative DC terminals of each module are connected in parallel and converged within the power distribution unit 30, transmitting the converted DC power to the subsequent power distribution unit 30. Optionally, the number of charging modules in the charging module group is the same as the number of charging guns, with each group of charging modules matched with a corresponding charging gun. Each group of charging modules receives AC power and converts it into DC power, which is then transmitted to the corresponding charging gun via the power distribution unit.

[0025] The power distribution unit 30 includes at least one first DC bus 301 and at least one switching switch (S1, S2). The switching switches (S1, S2) are disposed on the first DC bus 301. The first DC bus 301 is a DC power transmission channel. One end of it is used to be electrically connected to one charging gun, and the other end is used to be electrically connected to another charging gun. That is, the two ends of the first DC bus 301 are respectively used to connect to two different charging guns (for example, one end is connected to gun No. 1 and the other end is connected to gun No. 5) to share power resources between the two charging guns.

[0026] In actual operation, when one charging gun (e.g., gun 1) is in operation and its corresponding charging module has insufficient power, the control unit can control the switching switches (S1, S2) to turn on, connecting the first DC bus 301 to the power module corresponding to another charging gun (e.g., gun 5), thereby supplementing the power of charging gun 1. Similarly, when another charging gun requests a power boost, cross-gun power supply can also be achieved by controlling the switching switches (S1, S2) to turn on. If both charging guns are in low-load or single-gun charging mode, only the corresponding switching switch can be turned on according to the priority strategy, keeping the other path disconnected to reduce system losses. In other words, the power distribution unit 30 can transmit DC power to one charging gun and / or another charging gun.

[0027] Through the above structure and control logic, the first DC bus 301 forms a shared channel connecting multiple charging guns. With the control of the switching switches (S1, S2), it can realize flexible power distribution in both directions or in one direction, improve the resource utilization efficiency between modules, avoid module idleness, and enhance the dynamic adaptability of the system in multi-terminal concurrent scenarios.

[0028] As can be seen, the multi-gun DC charging power distribution system of this application adopts a modular charging structure and a switchable power distribution unit. In particular, it introduces at least one DC bus and a switching switch set on the bus, which enables the power among multiple charging modules to be dynamically distributed through flexible configuration. This effectively breaks the limitations of the traditional fixed grouping method and realizes power sharing among different charging guns. In addition, different charging guns are connected to both ends of the bus, which has a multi-directional power scheduling path. This helps to reduce the risk of single point of failure in the centralized power pool, improve the redundancy and reliability of the overall system, and is suitable for rapid deployment in different charging scenarios.

[0029] In an optional embodiment of this application, the power distribution unit 30 further includes at least two second DC buses 302, which are used to establish a lateral power transmission path between two adjacent first DC buses 301 to achieve power adjustment and path redundancy between modules.

[0030] Specifically, each second DC bus 302 is equipped with a switching switch (S1, S2), and each second DC bus 302 is electrically connected to two adjacent first DC buses 301, wherein: at least one second DC bus 302 is connected to one side of the adjacent first DC bus 301 (e.g., the positive side), and at least one second DC bus 302 is connected to the other side of the adjacent first DC bus 301 (e.g., the negative side).

[0031] During operation, when a first DC bus 301 is unable to meet the power demand of its corresponding charging gun due to fault, insufficient power, or scheduling needs, the control unit can control the switching switch on the second DC bus 302 to conduct according to the power allocation strategy, borrowing power from the adjacent first DC bus to achieve cross-node energy replenishment.

[0032] For example, when the load on the first DC bus 301 where charging gun No. 1 is located is high, and the power of the adjacent first DC bus 301 is redundant, the system can transfer power between the two by connecting the second DC bus 302 between the two first DC buses 301 and opening the corresponding switching switch S1 or S2. Conversely, when the load on one of the first DC buses 301 increases, power can be borrowed from the other first DC bus 301 through the same mechanism.

[0033] This embodiment uses a second DC bus 302 to form a "ring bus" layout with the first DC bus 301. The second DC bus 302 establishes a lateral bridging relationship between multiple first DC buses, enabling power transfer between two adjacent first DC buses 301. This not only supports dynamic power sharing but also provides a loop-like bypass channel in the event of path interruption or partial fault, significantly improving the system's stability, scalability, and fault resistance.

[0034] In an optional embodiment of this application, the number of first DC buses 301 is 4, the number of second DC buses 302 is 8, and the number of switching switches (S1, S2) is 12.

[0035] Specifically, four first DC buses 301 can connect eight sets of charging modules to eight corresponding charging guns, forming multiple vertical power distribution paths. One end of each first DC bus 301 is connected to a charging gun, and the other end can be connected to an adjacent charging gun. Furthermore, eight second DC buses 302 enable power exchange between the first DC buses 301 and establish lateral connections between the four first DC buses 301. Two second DC buses 302 are set between every two adjacent first DC buses 301, corresponding to the positive and negative sides respectively, ensuring that both positive and negative paths have cross-bus power transmission capabilities.

[0036] There are 12 toggle switches, configured as follows:

[0037] Each of the first DC bus 301 and its corresponding charging gun is equipped with a switching switch to control the output path of each bus, for a total of 4 switches;

[0038] Each of the second DC bus 302 is equipped with one switching switch to control the conduction status of lateral power transmission, for a total of 8 switches.

[0039] This implementation constructs a ring power distribution topology network with "line + ring" redundancy through "4 first DC buses", "8 second DC buses 302" and 12 switching switches (S1, S2), which supports multiple operating modes such as modular expansion, cross-gun power scheduling and fault bypass, significantly improving the reliability and flexibility of the system in complex charging scenarios.

[0040] In an optional embodiment of this application, the switching switches (S1, S2) are either a first DC contactor S2 or a second DC contactor S1;

[0041] The first DC contactor S2 and the second DC contactor S1 are matched according to the output level of the charging gun, and are then set in different current channels to output the first rated output current and the second rated output current to the corresponding charging gun.

[0042] For example, the first DC contactor (which may be a model with a rated DC operating current of not less than 600A) is connected in series in the first current channel (high current channel) to connect the DC+ and DC- branches of the corresponding liquid-cooled high current charging gun; the second DC contactor (which may be a model with a rated DC operating current of not less than 400A) is connected in series in the second current channel (medium and low current channels) to connect the DC+ and DC- branches of the corresponding conventional power charging gun.

[0043] It should be noted that the first DC contactor S2 and the second DC contactor S1 have the following characteristics: 1) Same function: S1 and S2 are essentially DC contactors used to connect / disconnect their respective current channels (similar to "switching devices"). 2) Different channels: S2 is connected in series in a dedicated high-current (600A) channel, located in the high-power branch of the PDU bus, serving liquid-cooled high-current charging guns; S1 is connected in series in a medium-current (400A) channel, located in the conventional power branch of the bus, serving conventional charging guns. 3) Different rated levels: S2 is selected with a 600A rating to handle high-power output, while S1 is selected with a 400A rating to meet medium-power output. 4) Design purpose: By configuring the contactors in layers according to different current channels (S2 in the high-current channel, S1 in the medium-current channel), safety and reliability are ensured while reducing PDU material costs and improving space utilization.

[0044] Therefore, when the first DC contactor S2 is closed, it connects and carries the corresponding first current channel, enabling that channel to have a first rated output current capability (e.g., 600A); when the second DC contactor S1 is closed, it connects and carries the corresponding second current channel, enabling that channel to have a second rated output current capability (e.g., 400A). In other words, the first DC contactor S2 is used to conduct the first current channel by closing, thereby outputting the first rated output current (e.g., 600A) to the corresponding charging gun with a higher power demand; the second DC contactor S1 is used to conduct the second current channel by closing, thereby outputting the second rated output current (e.g., 400A) to the corresponding charging gun with a lower power demand.

[0045] This embodiment configures two types of DC contactors with different rated currents (such as 600A and 400A) in the PDU according to the branch current level. This allows the high current branch to meet the high current output requirements of the liquid cooling gun, while the low current branch can use low-specification devices. This significantly reduces the material cost and size of the contactors, reduces conduction losses, and improves system energy efficiency without sacrificing output capacity.

[0046] In an optional embodiment of this application, the first DC contactor is set to 5, with a rated DC operating current of not less than 600A; the second DC contactor is set to 7, with a rated DC operating current of not less than 400A; wherein, the 600A-level contactors are respectively connected in series in the DC+ / DC- branch of the corresponding liquid-cooled high-current charging gun, and the 400A-level contactors are respectively connected in series in the DC+ / DC- branch of the corresponding conventional power charging gun.

[0047] It should be understood that the above rated current values ​​can be equivalently replaced based on the system voltage level and the power of the target gun position, and do not constitute a limitation on the protection range. In addition, multiple parallel low-current contactors can be used to replace a single 600A contactor. For example, multiple low-current contactors (such as 300A or 400A) can be connected in parallel to share the total current and reduce the cost of a single contactor.

[0048] Please return and continue reading. Figure 1 The power module group 20 includes 7 unidirectional AC / DC modules and 1 bidirectional AC / DC module.

[0049] Specifically, 7 unidirectional AC / DC modules (i.e. Figure 1 The seven charging modules in groups 1-7 are electrically connected to the DC output ports of the corresponding charging guns (numbers 1-7) to rectify and convert the AC input for unidirectional charging of the vehicle battery; the bidirectional AC / DC module (i.e. Figure 1 The middle group (8 bidirectional charging module - V2G module) is electrically connected to the DC port of charging gun No. 8. In addition to supplying power to the vehicle in charging mode, it can also feed DC energy from the vehicle side back to the AC grid in V2G mode. For easy scheduling, the control unit distributes and limits the output power of each module, prioritizing power balance when multiple guns are operating concurrently, and switches the power flow direction and power factor setting of the bidirectional module when charging gun No. 8 needs V2G.

[0050] In an optional embodiment of this application, the AC input unit 10 includes a first AC contactor 1KMA and a second AC contactor 2KMA.

[0051] Specifically, the first AC contactor 1KMA is used to electrically connect to four unidirectional AC / DC modules (modules 1#-4#), and the second AC contactor 2KMA is used to electrically connect to three unidirectional AC / DC modules (modules 5#-7#) and one bidirectional AC / DC module (module 8#). In other words, this embodiment achieves independent power-on / off and fault isolation for two separate power supply circuits by dividing the module group into two AC contactor zones, and supports grouped power scheduling and redundant operation.

[0052] In an optional embodiment of this application, the AC input unit 10 further includes a first AC circuit breaker 1QF and a second AC circuit breaker 2QF.

[0053] Specifically, the first AC circuit breaker 1QF is installed between the first AC mains input and the input terminal of the first AC contactor 1KMA, and is used for overload / short circuit protection and segmented isolation of the first AC power supply circuit; the second AC circuit breaker 2QF is installed between the second AC mains input and the input terminal of the second AC contactor 2KMA, and is used for overload / short circuit protection and segmented isolation of the second AC power supply circuit.

[0054] In an optional embodiment of this application, the power distribution unit is connected to eight charging guns (number 1-8).

[0055] Specifically, the first to seventh guns are unidirectional DC charging guns, and the eighth gun is a DC charging and discharging gun that supports bidirectional energy exchange between the vehicle and the grid. The rated output power of the first, second, third, fifth, and sixth guns is 80 kW, the rated output power of the fourth and seventh guns is 40 kW, and the rated output power of the eighth gun is 60 kW. The rated power of each gun is guaranteed by the number of contactor channels connected in parallel with the upstream AC / DC modules.

[0056] This application also provides a charging pile, including a charging pile body and a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system as described in the above embodiments, wherein the multi-gun DC charging power distribution system is built into the charging pile body.

[0057] This application also provides a power supply device, including a power grid and a charging pile as described in the above embodiments. The power grid is electrically connected to the charging pile and provides AC power.

[0058] This utility model relates to a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system, charging pile, and power supply equipment. It adopts a modular charging structure and a switchable power distribution unit. In particular, it introduces at least one DC bus and a switching switch installed on the bus, which allows the power among multiple charging modules to be dynamically distributed through flexible configuration. This effectively breaks the limitations of the traditional fixed grouping method and realizes power sharing among different charging guns. In addition, different charging guns are connected to both ends of the bus, which has a multi-directional power scheduling path. This helps to reduce the risk of single point of failure in centralized power pools, improve the redundancy and reliability of the overall system, and is suitable for rapid deployment in different charging scenarios.

[0059] The specific embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications or substitutions to the utility model are also within the scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent transformations, modifications, and improvements made without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model should be covered within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-gun DC charging power distribution system, characterized in that, The multi-gun DC charging power distribution system includes an AC input unit, a charging module group, and a power distribution unit connected in sequence. The AC input unit is used to receive AC power from the mains. The charging module group is used to receive the AC power and convert it into DC power for transmission to the power distribution unit; The power distribution unit includes at least one first DC bus and at least one switching switch. The switching switch is disposed on the first DC bus. One end of the first DC bus is used to be electrically connected to a charging gun, and the other end of the first DC bus is used to be electrically connected to another charging gun. The power distribution unit is used to transmit the DC power to one charging gun and / or the other charging gun.

2. The multi-gun DC charging power distribution system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The charging module group includes multiple charging modules; The number of charging modules is the same as the number of charging guns, and each group of charging modules is matched with a corresponding charging gun. Each of the charging modules is used to receive the AC power and convert it into DC power, which is then transmitted to the corresponding charging gun via the power distribution unit.

3. The multi-gun DC charging power distribution system of claim 2, wherein, The power distribution unit also includes at least two second DC buses, each of which is equipped with a switching switch; At least one second DC bus is electrically connected between one side of two adjacent first DC buses, and at least one second DC bus is electrically connected between the other side of two adjacent first DC buses. The second DC bus is used to transfer power between two adjacent first DC buses.

4. The multi-gun DC charging power distribution system of claim 3, wherein, The number of the first DC bus is 4, the number of the second DC bus is 8, and the number of the switching switches is 12.

5. The multi-gun DC charging power distribution system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The switching switch is either a first DC contactor or a second DC contactor; The first DC contactor and the second DC contactor are respectively located in different current channels and are used to output the first rated output current and the second rated output current to the corresponding charging gun, respectively.

6. The multi-gun DC charging power distribution system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first DC contactor consists of five 600A DC contactors, and the second DC contactor consists of seven 400A DC contactors; The 600A DC contactor is used for electrical connection with the liquid-cooled charging gun, and the 400A DC contactor is used for electrical connection with the conventional charging gun.

7. The multi-gun DC charging power distribution system of claim 6, wherein, The multiple charging modules include 7 unidirectional AC / DC modules and 1 bidirectional AC / DC module; The unidirectional AC / DC module is connected to the output of each of the seven corresponding charging guns to provide unidirectional charging functionality, and the bidirectional AC / DC module is connected to the output of each of the seven corresponding charging guns to provide charging and V2G functionality.

8. The multi-gun DC charging power distribution system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The AC input unit includes a first AC contactor and a second AC contactor; The first AC contactor is used to electrically connect to four unidirectional AC / DC modules, and the second AC contactor is used to electrically connect to three unidirectional AC / DC modules and one bidirectional AC / DC module.

9. A charging pile, characterized in that, The system includes a charging pile body and a multi-gun DC charging power distribution system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the multi-gun DC charging power distribution system is built into the charging pile body.

10. A power supply device, characterized in that, It includes a power grid and a charging pile as described in claim 9; the power grid is electrically connected to the charging pile and provides AC power.

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