A multifunctional cultivation tank

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multifunctional cultivation tank, it is related to cultivation tank technical field;Multifunctional cultivation tank includes tank body, arc inner bag, sliding tray, cultivation medium layer and end cap;The upper portion of arc portion is provided with cultivation medium layer, the lower portion of arc portion is air flow channel;The bottom of tank body is provided with the venting groove that is communicated with air flow channel, the arc portion is provided with the drainage slot that is communicated with air flow channel and cultivation medium layer on;Air flow channel in the lower portion of arc portion is provided with sliding tray;End cap is used to open or close venting groove;In first mode, venting groove is in closed state;In second mode, venting groove is in closed state, and sliding tray is placed with heating bag in the position corresponding to drainage slot on;In third mode, venting groove is in open state, and air flow channel is communicated with outside through venting groove.The utility model can realize temperature regulation at low cost, and structure is simple, function is highly integrated, operation is intuitive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cultivation trough technology, and in particular to a multifunctional cultivation trough. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, substrate cultivation, as an advanced soilless cultivation technology, is widely used in modern agriculture, effectively solving soil-related cropping obstacles and saving water and fertilizer. However, existing conventional substrate cultivation troughs have significant design flaws when dealing with complex seasonal temperature changes, especially in terms of winter heating and summer cooling.

[0003] Existing technologies suffer from the following main problems: First, they are functionally limited and cannot cope with seasonal changes: Traditional cultivation troughs typically only have planting and drainage functions. In winter, the substrate temperature inside the trough is too low, affecting crop root growth; in summer, the substrate is easily overheated due to sun exposure, causing root stress. Existing designs lack an integrated solution that can simultaneously address the needs of winter heating and summer ventilation and cooling. Second, heating / cooling solutions are costly and unreliable: To solve temperature problems, existing technologies usually use external equipment. For example, electric heating wires are used in winter, which is costly, energy-intensive, and poses safety hazards; in summer, they rely on environmental cooling equipment such as fans and evaporative cooling pads, which are costly and have an indirect effect on substrate cooling. While some designs have been improved, they often employ complex mechanical valves or electronic control systems. In the high humidity and dusty environment of agricultural production, the long-term reliability of these components is questionable, and they also increase manufacturing costs. Third, they are complex and not intuitive to operate: Some existing multi-functional cultivation systems often require specialized operation for mode switching, which is not intuitive and not easy for ordinary agricultural producers to quickly master and use.

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, those skilled in the art urgently need a multifunctional cultivation trough. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional cultivation trough to solve the problems existing in the prior art, enabling low-cost temperature regulation, and featuring a simple structure, highly integrated functions, and intuitive operation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides a multifunctional cultivation trough, including a trough body, an arched inner liner, a sliding tray, a cultivation medium layer, and an end cap. The trough body has openings at both ends in the vertical direction, and the arched inner liner is located at the bottom opening of the trough body. The arched inner liner includes an arched portion, with the cultivation medium layer located above the arched portion and an airflow channel below the arched portion. Ventilation slots communicating with the airflow channel are provided on both sides of the bottom of the trough body, and a drainage slot communicating with the airflow channel and the cultivation medium layer is provided on the arched portion. The sliding tray is located within the airflow channel below the arched portion. The end cap is used to open or close the ventilation slots. In a first mode, the ventilation slots are closed. In a second mode, the ventilation slots are closed, and a heating pack is placed on the sliding tray at the position corresponding to the drainage slot. In a third mode, the ventilation slots are open, and the airflow channel communicates with the outside through the ventilation slots.

[0007] In some embodiments, the cultivation medium layer includes a drainage and aeration layer, a substrate layer, and an isolation fabric layer; the drainage and aeration layer is disposed above the arched portion, and the drainage and aeration layer is connected to the airflow channel through the drainage slot; the substrate layer is disposed above the drainage and aeration layer, and the isolation fabric layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the drainage and aeration layer, and the isolation fabric layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the inner wall of the tank.

[0008] In some embodiments, the height of the arched portion gradually increases from both sides near the inner wall of the trough to the middle position; a grid-type drainage area is provided in the middle of the arched portion, and the grid-type drainage area includes a plurality of drainage slots penetrating the arched portion.

[0009] In some embodiments, a sealing gasket is also included; the top of the end cap has an arc-shaped structure, and the end cap can be adapted to be inserted into the vent groove, with the sealing gasket disposed between the side wall of the end cap and the vent groove.

[0010] In some embodiments, a main drainage channel is provided in the middle of the sliding tray, and the two ends of the main drainage channel in the length direction are open and respectively corresponding to the two ventilation channels; the sliding tray is also provided with a plurality of diversion channels communicating with the main drainage channel, and the length direction of each diversion channel is perpendicular to the length direction of the main drainage channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the arched inner liner further includes an L-shaped connecting portion; both ends of the arched portion are integrally connected to the corresponding L-shaped connecting portion; the L-shaped connecting portion includes an integrally connected vertical plate and a horizontal plate, and the vertical plate abuts against the inner wall surface of the trough, and the horizontal plate is inserted into the bottom end of the trough.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sliding tray has baffles protruding upwards on both sides near the inner wall of the arched inner liner, and the two baffles are adapted to slide and insert into the inner wall of the arched inner liner.

[0013] In some embodiments, the insulating fabric layer is made of non-woven fabric; the tank is made of foam material, and the tank includes a first shell and a second shell, with the second shell located inside the first shell; the arched inner liner, the sliding tray, and the end cap are all made of plastic material.

[0014] In some embodiments, the arched inner liner is bonded and fixed to the tank body with an adhesive.

[0015] In some embodiments, the drainage and ventilation layer is filled with expanded ceramic particles; the heating pack is filled with calcium oxide.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art: This utility model discloses a multifunctional cultivation trough with three core functions: daily drainage, on-demand heating, and ventilation and cooling. An arched inner liner is installed at the bottom opening of the trough, forming an airflow channel below the arched section. A through-hole drainage slot is provided on the arched section, allowing water in the ventilation layer to flow into the airflow channel for daily drainage. In the first mode, the cultivation trough only has a drainage function, with the ventilation slots on both sides closed. In the second mode, on-demand heating is required, where a heating pack is placed on a sliding tray, and the ventilation slots on both sides are closed by end caps. Water draining from the drainage slots falls onto the heating pack, generating heat through an exothermic reaction. In the third mode, ventilation and cooling are required, where the end caps at the ventilation slots on both sides are opened, allowing the airflow channel to connect with the outside environment. Outside air enters from one ventilation slot, flows through the airflow channel at the bottom of the trough, and exits from the other ventilation slot, creating convection for ventilation and cooling. Therefore, this utility model achieves low-cost temperature regulation and features a simple structure, highly integrated functions, and intuitive operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a multifunctional cultivation trough in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2This is a cross-sectional view of a multifunctional cultivation trough in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a multifunctional cultivation trough with the end caps removed in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tank in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the arched inner liner in some embodiments of the present utility model; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding tray in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the end cap in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Tank body; 2-Matrix layer; 3-Arched inner liner; 4-Sliding tray; 5-Drainage and ventilation layer; 6-Insulation fabric layer; 7-Heating pack; 8-End cap; 9-Airflow channel; 11-First shell; 12-Second shell; 31-L-shaped connection; 32-Arched part; 33-Drainage slot; 41-Main drainage channel; 42-Drainage channel; 43-Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional cultivation trough to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It can achieve temperature regulation at low cost, and has a simple structure, highly integrated functions, and intuitive operation.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] This utility model provides a multifunctional cultivation trough, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, the system includes a tank body 1, an arched inner liner 3, a sliding tray 4, a cultivation medium layer, and an end cap 8. The tank body 1 has openings at both ends in the vertical direction, and an arched inner liner 3 is located at the bottom opening of the tank body 1. The arched inner liner 3 includes an arched portion 32, and a cultivation medium layer is located inside the tank body 1 above the arched portion 32. Below the arched portion 32 is an air passage 9, and ventilation slots communicating with the air passage 9 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the tank body 1. A drainage slot 33 communicating with the air passage 9 and the cultivation medium layer is provided on the arched portion 32. A sliding tray 4 is located inside the air passage 9 below the arched inner liner 3. The end cap 8 is used to open or close the ventilation slots.

[0024] In the first mode, the ventilation slot is closed; in the second mode, the ventilation slot is closed, and a heating pack 7 is placed on the sliding tray 4 at the position corresponding to the drain outlet 33; in the third mode, the ventilation slot is open, and the air flow channel 9 is connected to the outside through the ventilation slots on both sides.

[0025] The tank 1 of this utility model serves as an integral frame with heat preservation function. It has an opening at the bottom and ventilation slots on both sides of the bottom. The reinforced arched inner liner 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the heat preservation tank 1, forming an upwardly protruding central arched structure, namely the arched part 32. The sliding tray 4 and the inner wall of the arched inner liner 3 form a pull-out sliding fit relationship. The sliding tray 4 is located directly below the arched part 32. The heating pack 7 is an independent consumable and is only placed on the sliding tray 4 when needed. Its internal filling material is preferably calcium oxide, which is chemically stable and undergoes a violent exothermic reaction when it comes into contact with water, thereby generating heat. The end cap 8 can be detachably and sealed to the ventilation slots on both sides of the bottom of the heat preservation tank 1.

[0026] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, it also includes an isolation fabric layer 6; the cultivation medium layer includes a drainage and ventilation layer 5 and a substrate layer 2; a drainage and ventilation layer 5 is provided above the arched part 32, and the drainage and ventilation layer 5 is connected to the air flow channel 9 through a drainage slot; a substrate layer 2 is provided above the drainage and ventilation layer 5, and an isolation fabric layer 6 is provided between the substrate layer 2 and the drainage and ventilation layer 5, and an isolation fabric layer 6 is provided between the substrate layer 2 and the inner wall of the tank 1.

[0027] In this invention, the drainage and ventilation layer 5 is laid directly on the planting area above the arched part 32 and is the bottom layer of the cultivation medium; the isolation fabric layer 6 is laid flat on top of the drainage and ventilation layer 5; the substrate layer 2 is filled on top of the isolation fabric layer 6 and is the top layer of the cultivation medium, used for crop planting.

[0028] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, the height of the arched portion 32 gradually increases from both sides near the inner wall of the tank to the middle position; and a grid-type drainage area is provided in the middle of the arched portion 32, and the grid-type drainage area includes a plurality of drainage slots 33 penetrating the arched portion 32.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, it also includes a sealing gasket; the top of the end cap 8 has an arc-shaped structure, the end cap 8 can be adapted to be inserted into the vent groove, and a sealing gasket is provided between the side wall of the end cap 8 and the vent groove, and the end cap 8 and the vent groove are sealed by the sealing gasket.

[0030] It should be noted that the top of the ventilation grooves on both sides of the bottom of the groove 1 of this utility model is an arc-shaped inner wall, and the top of the end cap 8 is an arc-shaped structure that matches the arc-shaped inner wall of the ventilation groove. A sealing gasket is provided between the end cap 8 and the inner wall of the ventilation groove. The sealing effect is ensured by setting the sealing gasket and the size matching relationship between the end cap 8 and the ventilation groove. Furthermore, this utility model can provide a locking structure, such as a snap lock structure, between the end cap 8 and the groove 1 for locking connection.

[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, a main drainage channel 41 is provided in the middle of the sliding tray 4. The two ends of the main drainage channel 41 are open in the length direction and are respectively provided with two ventilation channels. In addition, multiple diversion channels 42 connected to the main drainage channel 41 are provided on the sliding tray 4. The length direction of each diversion channel 42 is perpendicular to the length direction of the main drainage channel 41.

[0032] This utility model provides a drainage system on the sliding tray 4. Water flowing out of the drainage trough 33 is collected through the diversion trough 42 and the main drainage trough 41, and discharged through the openings at both ends of the main drainage trough 41 in the length direction.

[0033] Furthermore, the sliding tray 4 of this utility model is inclined from the middle of the length direction to both ends of the length direction to improve the drainage effect.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the arched inner liner 3 also includes an L-shaped connecting part 31; the two ends of the arched part 32 are integrally connected to the corresponding L-shaped connecting part 31. The L-shaped connecting part 31 includes a vertical plate and a horizontal plate, and the vertical plate abuts against the inner wall surface of the bottom of the tank 1, and the horizontal plate is inserted into the bottom of the tank 1.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the sliding tray 4 has baffles 43 protruding upwards on both sides near the inner wall of the arched inner liner 3, and the two baffles 43 are adapted to slide and insert into the inner wall of the arched inner liner 3.

[0036] In some embodiments, the insulating fabric layer 6 is made of nonwoven fabric.

[0037] In some embodiments, the tank 1 is made of foam material, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the tank 1 includes a first shell 11 and a second shell 12, with the second shell 12 located inside the first shell 11. The tank 1 of this invention can adopt a double-layer structure, a multi-layer structure, or a thickened structure to improve the heat insulation effect.

[0038] In some embodiments, the arched inner liner 3, the sliding tray 4, and the end cap 8 are all made of plastic. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can specifically choose the type of plastic material used for the arched inner liner 3, the sliding tray 4, and the end cap 8, and this utility model does not make any specific limitation in this regard.

[0039] In some embodiments, the drainage and ventilation layer 5 is filled with expanded ceramic particles.

[0040] In some embodiments, the arched inner liner 3 is bonded and fixed to the tank body 1 with an adhesive. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can specifically choose the type of adhesive, and this utility model does not make any specific limitation in this regard.

[0041] This invention proposes an independent functional chamber located below the cultivation medium, consisting of a reinforced arched inner liner 3 made of high-strength material, a central grid-type drainage outlet 33 integrally formed with the inner liner, and an end cap 8 detachably and sealingly connected to the tank body 1. This structural combination not only ensures the structural strength of the upper cultivation area and continuous passive drainage capacity, but its openable and closable feature also forms the basis for switching between heating and cooling modes.

[0042] This invention cleverly utilizes the upward-convex geometry of the arched inner liner 3 to naturally form a continuous airflow channel 9 beneath the cultivation substrate. During periods requiring cooling, such as summer, opening the end caps 8 allows for counter-current airflow via natural wind or a small fan. The flowing air dissipates heat conducted by the substrate through convection and is further cooled efficiently by dripping water within the evaporation chamber, thus achieving passive, low-energy cooling of the crop root zone.

[0043] This invention designs the heating function as a sliding tray 4 that can be completely pulled out of the chamber. This structure completely separates the heating function from the main body of the cultivation tank, turning it into a "plug-and-play" independent module. The operator only needs to perform the extremely simple physical action of "pulling out, placing the heating pack 7, and pushing it back" to deploy and cancel the heating mode. This modular design completely eliminates the traditional complex fixed heating device, greatly simplifies the operation of seasonal function switching, and facilitates the replacement of consumables and the cleaning and maintenance of the chamber.

[0044] The entire workflow of this multifunctional cultivation trough is as follows: The first working mode is the conventional cultivation mode, suitable for spring and autumn, and has a pure drainage function: Step 1.1: Confirm that the inside of the drawer-type sliding tray 4 is empty, and close the end caps 8 at both ends, that is, insert the end caps 8 into the ventilation slots to seal them; Step 1.2: After irrigation, excess water seeps through the cultivation substrate layer 2 and the isolation fabric layer 6 in sequence, and enters the drainage and ventilation layer 5; then it flows along the arched inner liner 3 to the top, drips into the drawer through the grid groove, and is automatically discharged through the drawer's built-in drainage system.

[0045] The second working mode is the on-demand heating mode, suitable for winter, and has drainage and heating functions: Step 2.1: Place the heating pack 7 into the drawer-type sliding tray 4, then push it back into its original position. Keep the end caps 8 closed. Step 2.2: During irrigation, the waste liquid dripping from above acts as a reactant, i.e., an activator, and comes into contact with the calcium oxide (CaO) inside the heating pack 7, causing a rapid chemical reaction: CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + heat, generating a large amount of heat energy to heat the root zone; Step 2.3: Excess moisture that did not participate in the reaction is still drained through the drawer's built-in drainage system.

[0046] The third working mode is the ventilation and cooling mode, which is suitable for summer and has drainage and cooling functions: Step 3.1: Confirm that the inside of the drawer-type sliding tray 4 is empty, and remove the end caps 8 at both ends; Step 3.2: Outside air can enter through the ventilation slot at one end of the drawer, flow through the entire cavity at the bottom of the slot, and flow out from the other end, forming convection; Step 3.3: The flowing air carries away the heat from the substrate through evaporative cooling, thus achieving temperature reduction. Normal drainage remains unaffected, still draining through the drawer's drainage system.

[0047] This utility model has produced the following positive and significant technical effects: One trough, three uses, adaptable to all seasons: This utility model, through the multi-functional design of the bottom chamber, enables a single cultivation trough to possess three core functions: daily drainage, on-demand heating in winter, and ventilation and cooling in summer. This is achieved through the combined design of its drawer-type sliding tray 4 and openable / closable end cover 8. This greatly improves the adaptability of the cultivation trough to different seasonal climates, which is unmatched by traditional single-function cultivation troughs.

[0048] Simple structure and high reliability: This invention completely eliminates the easily damaged and clogged mechanical valves or electronic controllers found in existing technologies. Mode switching is achieved through the most reliable physical operations, such as plugging and unplugging drawers and opening and closing end covers, stemming from its design philosophy of integrating functionality into the structure itself. This gives it extremely high durability and an extremely low failure rate in the harsh environments of agricultural production.

[0049] Intuitive operation and easy to promote: The switching between the three modes is very intuitive, and ordinary producers can understand it at a glance without professional training. This is due to its modular design, which greatly reduces the barrier to entry.

[0050] Energy-saving and cost-effective: The heating pack 7 is a low-cost consumable that is only used when needed; in summer, cooling can be achieved using natural wind or a small fan, with energy consumption far lower than large equipment such as evaporative cooling pads. Furthermore, the design cleverly utilizes the waste liquid naturally seeping in after irrigation as an activator for chemical reactions, eliminating the need for an additional water source and achieving resource recycling. This stems from its on-demand activation and resource reuse design philosophy, saving users significant energy and consumable costs.

[0051] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional cultivation trough, characterized in that, Includes the tank body, arched inner liner, sliding tray, cultivation medium layer, and end caps; The trough has openings at both ends in the vertical direction, and the arched inner liner is provided at the bottom opening of the trough. The arched inner liner includes an arched part, the cultivation medium layer is provided above the arched part, and the air flow channel is below the arched part. The bottom of the trough has ventilation slots on both sides that communicate with the air flow channel, and the arched part has a drainage slot that communicates with the air flow channel and the cultivation medium layer; the sliding tray is provided in the air flow channel below the arched part; the end cap is used to open or close the ventilation slots. In the first mode, the ventilation slot is in a closed state; in the second mode, the ventilation slot is in a closed state, and a heating pack is placed on the sliding tray at the position corresponding to the drain outlet; in the third mode, the ventilation slot is in an open state, and the airflow channel is connected to the outside through the ventilation slot.

2. The multifunctional cultivation trough according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cultivation medium layer includes a drainage and aeration layer, a substrate layer, and an isolation fabric layer; The drainage and ventilation layer is provided above the arched part, and the drainage and ventilation layer is connected to the air flow channel through the drainage slot; The substrate layer is disposed above the drainage and ventilation layer, and the isolation fabric layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the drainage and ventilation layer, and the isolation fabric layer is disposed between the substrate layer and the inner wall of the tank.

3. The multifunctional cultivation trough according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the arched portion gradually increases from both sides near the inner wall of the tank to the middle position; A grid-type drainage area is provided in the middle of the arch, and the grid-type drainage area includes multiple drainage slots that penetrate the arch.

4. The multifunctional cultivation trough according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes sealing gaskets; The top of the end cap has an arc-shaped structure, and the end cap can be fitted and inserted into the vent groove. A sealing gasket is provided between the side wall of the end cap and the vent groove.

5. The multifunctional cultivation trough according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding tray is provided with a main drainage channel in the middle, and the two ends of the main drainage channel in the length direction are open and respectively corresponding to the two ventilation channels. The sliding tray is also provided with a plurality of diversion channels that are connected to the main drainage channel, and the length direction of each diversion channel is perpendicular to the length direction of the main drainage channel.

6. The multifunctional cultivation trough according to claim 3, characterized in that, The arched inner liner also includes an L-shaped connecting part; The two ends of the arched portion are integrally connected to the corresponding L-shaped connecting portions; The L-shaped connecting part includes an integrally connected vertical plate and a horizontal plate, wherein the vertical plate abuts against the inner wall surface of the groove, and the horizontal plate is inserted into the bottom end of the groove.

7. The multifunctional cultivation trough according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sliding tray has baffles protruding upwards on both sides near the inner wall of the arched inner liner, and the two baffles are adapted to slide and insert into the inner wall of the arched inner liner.

8. The multifunctional cultivation trough according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulating fabric layer is made of non-woven fabric; The tank is made of foam material and includes a first shell and a second shell, with the second shell located inside the first shell. The arched inner liner, the sliding tray, and the end cap are all made of plastic.

9. The multifunctional cultivation trough according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arched inner liner is bonded and fixed to the tank body with adhesive.

10. The multifunctional cultivation trough according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drainage and ventilation layer is filled with expanded ceramic particles; The heating pack is filled with calcium oxide.

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