Multistage flue gas denitration reaction tower
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TIANJIN TEDA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-07
AI Technical Summary
[0004]针对现有脱硝反应塔的氨水与烟气混合并不充分，氨水与烟气接触不均会导致部分区域氨浓度过高(氨逃逸)，而其他区域氨浓度不足(NOx未被还原)，进而降低了烟气脱硝的效率，同时氨逃逸会导致处理后的烟气不符合废气排放标准的技术问题，本实用新型提供一种多级烟气脱硝反应塔
[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by using a mixing pipe in conjunction with a guide plate, flue gas inlet pipe, conveying pipe, branch pipe, aerator and storage tank, the flue gas generates tiny bubbles in ammonia water or urea solution, which improves the mixing effect of flue gas and ammonia. The mixing pipe in conjunction with connecting pipe, reaction tower, placement plate and catalyst allows the mixed flue gas to undergo multi-stage reaction in the reaction tower, ensuring that NOx and ammonia react fully, guaranteeing the denitrification effect of the flue gas, and avoiding the treated flue gas from failing to meet the exhaust gas emission standards.
Smart Images
Figure CN224599051U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flue gas denitrification equipment, specifically to a multi-stage flue gas denitrification reaction tower. Background Technology
[0002] Flue gas denitrification refers to the use of technology to convert nitrogen oxides (NOx) in flue gas generated during industrial production or energy utilization into harmless nitrogen and water, thereby reducing pollution to the atmospheric environment. Nitrogen oxides are one of the major air pollutants, which can cause environmental problems such as acid rain, photochemical smog and haze, and harm human health and ecosystems.
[0003] Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is commonly used in flue gas denitrification. Its principle is to use ammonia (NH3) or urea as a reducing agent, under the action of a catalyst, to reduce NOx in the flue gas to nitrogen and water. However, in existing denitrification reaction towers, the ammonia water and flue gas are not sufficiently mixed. Uneven contact between the ammonia water and the flue gas leads to excessively high ammonia concentrations in some areas (ammonia escape), while the ammonia concentrations in other areas are insufficient (NOx is not reduced), thus reducing the efficiency of flue gas denitrification. Furthermore, ammonia escape can cause the treated flue gas to fail to meet emission standards. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the technical problem that existing denitrification reaction towers do not mix ammonia water and flue gas sufficiently, resulting in uneven contact between ammonia water and flue gas, leading to excessively high ammonia concentrations in some areas (ammonia escape) and insufficient ammonia concentrations in other areas (NOx not being reduced), thus reducing the efficiency of flue gas denitrification, and causing the treated flue gas to fail to meet emission standards due to ammonia escape, this utility model provides a multi-stage flue gas denitrification reaction tower.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: it includes a reaction tower, a mixing pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the reaction tower, a connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the mixing pipe, the connecting pipe is connected to the inside of the reaction tower, three sets of placement plates are fixedly installed in the reaction tower, and catalysts are placed on the three sets of placement plates, a water outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction tower, a solenoid valve is fixedly installed on the water outlet pipe, an exhaust pipe is fixedly installed on the side of the reaction tower away from the mixing pipe, and a mixing mechanism is provided in the mixing pipe.
[0006] Furthermore, the mixing mechanism includes a guide plate fixedly connected in the mixing pipe, a storage tank fixedly installed in the mixing pipe, two sets of branch pipes set in the storage tank, and several sets of aerators fixedly installed on the branch pipes. An inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the guide plate, and a conveying pipe is fixedly installed on the inlet pipe. The two sets of branch pipes are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the conveying pipe.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, ammonia water is mixed with flue gas.
[0008] Furthermore, an inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the mixing pipe, one end of which is located outside the mixing pipe, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to two sets of delivery pipes, with several sets of atomizing nozzles fixedly installed on the delivery pipes.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, ammonia water and flue gas are fully mixed.
[0010] Furthermore, two sets of guide blocks are fixedly installed in the mixing pipeline, and the bottom of each set of guide blocks is provided with an inclined surface. The two sets of infusion tubes are respectively installed on the two sets of guide blocks.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the mixing effect of ammonia water and flue gas is improved by concentrating the flue gas.
[0012] Furthermore, a filter screen is fixedly connected to the flue pipe, a filter box is fixedly installed in the flue pipe, and activated carbon granules are placed in the filter box.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the aerator can be prevented from being clogged by tiny particles in the flue gas.
[0014] Furthermore, a flue gas passage is fixedly connected to one side of the mixing pipe, a preheater is fixedly installed at one end of the flue gas passage, and a flue gas inlet is fixedly connected to the preheater.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the flue gas is heated to the appropriate temperature required for the reaction.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by using a mixing pipe in conjunction with a guide plate, flue gas inlet pipe, conveying pipe, branch pipe, aerator and storage tank, the flue gas generates tiny bubbles in ammonia water or urea solution, which improves the mixing effect of flue gas and ammonia. The mixing pipe in conjunction with connecting pipe, reaction tower, placement plate and catalyst allows the mixed flue gas to undergo multi-stage reaction in the reaction tower, ensuring that NOx and ammonia react fully, guaranteeing the denitrification effect of the flue gas, and avoiding the treated flue gas from failing to meet the exhaust gas emission standards.
[0017] By using a mixing pipe in conjunction with a guide block, infusion pipe, and atomizing nozzle, ammonia or urea solution is sprayed into a fine mist onto the mixed flue gas, further improving the mixing effect and ensuring complete mixing of flue gas and ammonia. This prevents ammonia escape due to inconsistent ammonia concentration in the flue gas, thereby improving the flue gas denitrification efficiency. The flue gas inlet pipe, in conjunction with a filter screen, filter box, and activated carbon granules, filters out tiny particles in the flue gas, preventing them from entering the aerator and causing blockages that affect normal use, thus improving the aerator's practicality. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reaction tower in this utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hybrid pipeline in this utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guide block and infusion tube in this utility model;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide plate and the smoke inlet pipe in this utility model;
[0023] Figure 6 In this utility model Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.
[0024] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Reaction tower; 2. Mixing pipe; 3. Connecting pipe; 4. Placement plate; 5. Catalyst; 6. Water outlet pipe; 7. Solenoid valve; 8. Exhaust pipe; 9. Guide plate; 10. Flue gas inlet pipe; 11. Delivery pipe; 12. Branch pipe; 13. Aerator; 14. Liquid storage tank; 15. Guide block; 16. Inclined surface; 17. Liquid delivery pipe; 18. Atomizing nozzle; 19. Liquid inlet pipe; 20. Filter screen; 21. Filter box; 22. Activated carbon granules; 23. Preheater; 24. Flue gas inlet; 25. Flue gas passage. Detailed Implementation
[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "front", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 The present invention will be further described below.
[0028] To address the problems existing in the background technology, this application proposes the following technical solution: A reaction tower 1 is included, a mixing pipe 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the reaction tower 1, a connecting pipe 3 is fixedly installed on the mixing pipe 2, the connecting pipe 3 is connected to the interior of the reaction tower 1, three sets of placement plates 4 are fixedly installed in the reaction tower 1, each of the three sets of placement plates 4 has a catalyst 5 placed on it, a water outlet pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction tower 1, a solenoid valve 7 is fixedly installed on the water outlet pipe 6, an exhaust pipe 8 is fixedly installed on the side of the reaction tower 1 away from the mixing pipe 2, and a mixing mechanism is provided in the mixing pipe 2.
[0029] The reaction tower 1 and the mixing pipe 2 are internally connected through the connecting pipe 3. The mixing mechanism fully mixes the ammonia or urea solution with the flue gas. The mixed flue gas enters the reaction tower 1 through the connecting pipe 3. Under the catalytic action of the catalyst 5 on the placement plate 4, NOx and ammonia undergo a reduction reaction to generate nitrogen and water. The clean flue gas after the reaction is discharged from the reaction tower 1 through the exhaust pipe 8. The generated water accumulates at the bottom of the reaction tower 1. After the solenoid valve 7 is opened, the water is discharged from the reaction tower 1 through the water outlet pipe 6. The catalyst 5 is made of titanium dioxide as a carrier and doped with active ingredients such as vanadium pentoxide, molybdenum trioxide and tungsten trioxide. The catalyst 5 is set in the connecting pipe group 3, which consists of a primary catalyst layer, a secondary catalyst layer and a backup catalyst layer from top to bottom. The multi-stage setting ensures that NOx and ammonia react fully, ensuring the denitrification effect of the flue gas and preventing the treated flue gas from failing to meet the exhaust gas emission standards.
[0030] To further explain, the mixing mechanism includes a guide plate 9 fixedly connected in the mixing pipe 2, a storage tank 14 fixedly installed in the mixing pipe 2, two sets of branch pipes 12 set in the storage tank 14, and several sets of aerators 13 fixedly installed on the branch pipes 12. A flue gas inlet pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the guide plate 9, and a conveying pipe 11 is fixedly installed on the flue gas inlet pipe 10. The two sets of branch pipes 12 are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the conveying pipe 11.
[0031] The storage tank 14 contains ammonia or urea solution. The inlet pipe 10, delivery pipe 11, and branch pipe 12 are internally connected. The flue gas in the mixing pipe 2 moves upward. Under the guidance and accumulation of the guide plate 9, the flue gas enters the delivery pipe 11 through the inlet pipe 10, and then enters the branch pipe 12 and is discharged from the aerator 13. The aerator 13 causes the flue gas to form microbubbles. The generation and breaking of the bubbles can increase the contact area between the flue gas and the ammonia, promote the evaporation of ammonia and the diffusion of ammonia into the flue gas, and make the ammonia and flue gas mix evenly. At the same time, the bubbles form turbulence during the rising process, which helps to break the concentration gradient in the flue gas and improve the mixing effect. The aerator 13 is a mature existing technology and is made of plastic material to avoid corrosion by ammonia and affect normal use.
[0032] Furthermore, an inlet pipe 19 is fixedly installed on the mixing pipe 2. One end of the inlet pipe 19 is located outside the mixing pipe 2, and the other end of the inlet pipe 19 is fixedly connected to two sets of delivery pipes 17. Several sets of atomizing nozzles 18 are fixedly installed on the delivery pipes 17.
[0033] One end of the inlet pipe 19, located outside the mixing pipe 2, is connected to an external ammonia supply device (not shown in the attached diagram). Two sets of delivery pipes 17 are installed inside the mixing pipe 2. High-pressure ammonia is supplied to the inlet pipe 19 through the external ammonia supply device. The high-pressure ammonia is sprayed out from the atomizing nozzle 18, forming a fine water mist that mixes again with the flue gas rising from the storage tank 14. This further improves the mixing effect of ammonia and flue gas, ensuring that ammonia and flue gas are fully mixed. This prevents ammonia from escaping due to inconsistent ammonia concentration in the flue gas, thereby improving the denitrification efficiency of the flue gas and ensuring that the treated flue gas meets emission standards.
[0034] To further explain, two sets of guide blocks 15 are fixedly installed in the mixing pipeline 2. Both sets of guide blocks 15 have inclined surfaces 16 at their bottoms, and two sets of infusion pipes 17 are respectively installed on the two sets of guide blocks 15.
[0035] The flue gas rising from the storage tank 14 is guided by the inclined surface 16 at the bottom of the two sets of guide blocks 15. The flue gas rises along the gap between the two sets of guide blocks 15, causing the flue gas in the mixing pipe 2 to be concentrated together. The fine ammonia water mist sprayed by the atomizing nozzles 18 distributed on both sides of the concentrated flue gas enhances the mixing effect, improves the uniformity of mixing, and further ensures that the ammonia water and flue gas are fully mixed. The ammonia water that is not mixed with the flue gas will fall into the storage tank 14 through the gap between the two sets of guide blocks 15, avoiding the waste of ammonia water.
[0036] Furthermore, a filter screen 20 is fixedly connected to the flue pipe 10, and a filter box 21 is fixedly installed in the flue pipe 10, with activated carbon particles 22 placed in the filter box 21.
[0037] The filter box 21 is positioned above the filter screen 20. The filter screen 20 performs initial filtration of the fine particles in the flue gas. When the filtered flue gas passes through the filter box 21, the fine particles are adsorbed by the activated carbon particles 22, achieving secondary filtration. By removing the fine particles in the flue gas through two filtrations, the fine particles in the flue gas are prevented from entering the aerator 13 and causing blockage, ensuring the normal use of the aerator 13 and improving the practicality of the device. The filter box 21 is provided with filter holes to ensure that the flue gas can pass through it.
[0038] To further explain, a flue gas passage 25 is fixedly connected to one side of the mixing pipe 2, and a preheater 23 is fixedly installed at one end of the flue gas passage 25. A flue gas inlet 24 is fixedly connected to the preheater 23.
[0039] The preheater 23 and the mixing pipe 2 are internally connected through the flue gas passage 25. The flue gas generated during production enters the preheater 23 through the flue gas inlet 24. The preheater 23 heats the flue gas to maintain its temperature at 300-400℃, which meets the temperature requirements of the catalyst 5, ensures the catalytic effect of the catalyst 5, and improves the reaction rate. The heated flue gas enters the mixing pipe 2 through the flue gas passage 25. The preheater 23 is a mature existing technology and can be a shell-and-tube heat exchanger or a rotary preheater.
[0040] For specific operation, please refer to the following: During production, the flue gas enters the preheater 23 through the inlet 24. The preheater 23 heats the flue gas to 300-400℃. The heated flue gas then enters the mixing pipe 2 through the flue gas passage 25. The flue gas then enters the conveying pipe 11 through the inlet pipe 10, and then enters the branch pipe 12 before being discharged from the aerator 13. The aerator 13 causes the flue gas to form microbubbles in the ammonia or urea solution in the storage tank 14. The generation and breaking of these bubbles increase the contact area between the flue gas and the ammonia solution, promoting ammonia evaporation and diffusion into the flue gas, thus ensuring uniform mixing. The flue gas rising from the storage tank 14 is guided by the inclined surfaces 16 at the bottom of the two sets of guide blocks 15. The flue gas rises along the gap between the two sets of guide blocks 15, causing the flue gas in the mixing pipe 2 to concentrate together. High-pressure ammonia water is supplied to the inlet pipe 19 through the external ammonia water supply equipment. The high-pressure ammonia water is sprayed out from the atomizing nozzle 18, forming a fine water mist that mixes again with the concentrated flue gas, further improving the mixing effect of ammonia water and flue gas. The mixed flue gas enters the reaction tower 1 through the connecting pipe 3. Under the catalytic action of the catalyst 5 on the placement plate 4, NOx and ammonia undergo a reduction reaction to generate nitrogen and water. The clean flue gas after the reaction is discharged from the reaction tower 1 through the exhaust pipe 8. The generated water accumulates at the bottom of the reaction tower 1. After the solenoid valve 7 is opened, the water is discharged from the reaction tower 1 through the water outlet pipe 6.
[0041] All standard parts used in this utility model can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art. In addition, the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.
[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, the scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents for those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A multi-stage flue gas denitrification reaction tower, characterized in that, The reaction tower (1) is included. A mixing pipe (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the reaction tower (1). A connecting pipe (3) is fixedly installed on the mixing pipe (2). The connecting pipe (3) is connected to the inside of the reaction tower (1). Three sets of placement plates (4) are fixedly installed in the reaction tower (1). A catalyst (5) is placed on each of the three sets of placement plates (4). A water outlet pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction tower (1). A solenoid valve (7) is fixedly installed on the water outlet pipe (6). An exhaust pipe (8) is fixedly installed on the side of the reaction tower (1) away from the mixing pipe (2). A mixing mechanism is provided in the mixing pipe (2).
2. The multi-stage flue gas denitrification reaction tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing mechanism includes a guide plate (9) fixedly connected in the mixing pipe (2), a storage tank (14) fixedly installed in the mixing pipe (2), two sets of branch pipes (12) set in the storage tank (14), and several sets of aerators (13) fixedly installed on the branch pipes (12). A smoke inlet pipe (10) is fixedly connected to the guide plate (9), and a conveying pipe (11) is fixedly installed on the smoke inlet pipe (10). The two sets of branch pipes (12) are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the conveying pipe (11).
3. The multi-stage flue gas denitrification reaction tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, An inlet pipe (19) is fixedly installed on the mixing pipe (2). One end of the inlet pipe (19) is located outside the mixing pipe (2), and the other end of the inlet pipe (19) is fixedly connected to two sets of delivery pipes (17). Several sets of atomizing nozzles (18) are fixedly installed on the delivery pipes (17).
4. The multi-stage flue gas denitrification reaction tower according to claim 3, characterized in that, Two sets of guide blocks (15) are fixedly installed in the mixing pipe (2). The bottom of each set of guide blocks (15) is provided with a slope (16). The two sets of infusion pipes (17) are respectively installed on the two sets of guide blocks (15).
5. A multi-stage flue gas denitrification reaction tower according to claim 4, characterized in that, A filter screen (20) is fixedly connected in the smoke inlet pipe (10), and a filter box (21) is fixedly installed in the smoke inlet pipe (10). Activated carbon particles (22) are placed in the filter box (21).
6. A multi-stage flue gas denitrification reaction tower according to claim 5, characterized in that, A flue gas passage (25) is fixedly connected to one side of the mixing pipe (2), and a preheater (23) is fixedly installed at one end of the flue gas passage (25). A flue gas inlet (24) is fixedly connected to the preheater (23).