A boring and reaming integrated structure precision hole machining tool

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of precision hole processing cutter of boring and reaming integrated structure, including cutter main body, cutter main body front end is equipped with guide cylinder, middle part is equipped with semi-precision boring tool, rear part is equipped with precision reamer, guide cylinder, semi-precision boring tool and precision reamer are integrated structure;Two sections of support guide parts are located in cutter main body rear end, and respectively with the inner wall contact of front and rear hole to be processed.Guide cylinder side surface is provided with at least 3 welding alloy guide columns, the welding alloy guide column is formed guide outside circle by grinding, diameter is less than 0.05~0.15mm than the hole diameter to be processed.The utility model solves the technical problem of the consistency of coaxiality and position degree of workpiece intermittent hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining tool structure technology, specifically to a precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining long-diameter discontinuous deep holes, machining such as... Figure 1 For the workpiece shown, traditional processes employ a multi-tool, step-by-step machining method. The specific process is as follows:

[0003] Rough drilling (T1): Perform preliminary drilling using standard chuck drill bits or extended drill bits.

[0004] Semi-finish boring of the front hole (T2): Correcting the position of the front hole using a standard boring tool.

[0005] Precision boring / reaming of the front hole (T3): Use a standard boring tool or reamer to machine the front hole to the final size.

[0006] Semi-finished hole (T4): Using the front hole as support, a non-standard boring bar with guide support is used to correct the position of the rear hole.

[0007] Finished hole (T5): The hole is finished by using a non-standard guide support reamer with the previous hole as a support.

[0008] This process requires at least 5 cutting tools (T1 to T5), and frequent tool changes and adjustments to tool parameters are necessary during the machining process, making the process complex.

[0009] When machining using existing processes, T2 to T5 require dedicated non-standard tools, necessitating the use of more than five tools. This significantly increases the time and cost associated with tool procurement, maintenance, and tool changeover. Furthermore, tool changes and process switching lead to low machining efficiency, especially in mass production where the accumulated time is even longer. Additionally, T2 to T3 and T4 to T5 belong to different processes, primarily for the step-by-step machining of the front and rear holes. The lack of a synchronous positioning reference easily introduces accumulated errors. Moreover, the machining of the rear hole relies on the front hole for support, but the excessive tool overhang (especially with T4 / T5) makes it prone to vibration or misalignment during machining, resulting in difficulty meeting high-precision requirements for coaxiality and parallelism between the two holes. Simultaneously, the non-standard boring bar / reamer with guide support (T4 / T5) needs to extend into the already machined front hole for the rear hole machining. This results in an excessively large tool length-to-diameter ratio, reduced rigidity, and a tendency to generate cutting chatter, affecting surface roughness and dimensional accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure, which can effectively solve the technical problem of the consistency of coaxiality and position of intermittent holes in workpieces.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0012] A precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure includes a tool body, a guide cylinder at the front end of the tool body, a semi-finish boring tool in the middle, and a finish reamer at the rear. The guide cylinder, the semi-finish boring tool, and the finish reamer are an integrated structure.

[0013] The tool body has two support guide sections at the rear end, which contact the inner walls of the front and rear holes to be machined.

[0014] Furthermore, at least three welded alloy guide pillars are provided on the side of the guide cylinder. The welded alloy guide pillars are ground to form a guide outer circle with a diameter 0.05 to 0.15 mm smaller than the diameter of the hole to be processed.

[0015] Furthermore, the cutting edge of the semi-finish boring tool is fixed with an adjustable mechanical clamp structure, and the radial adjustment range is ±0.15mm, which is used to correct the position of the hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the cutting part of the precision reamer is made of welded cemented carbide, with a surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm and a cutting edge clearance angle of 8°~15°.

[0017] Furthermore, the length of the support guide is 1.2 to 1.5 times the diameter of the hole to be processed, and its outer circular surface is provided with a wear-resistant coating with a coating thickness of 10 to 30 μm.

[0018] Furthermore, the main body of the tool is made of alloy structural steel, and its hardness after quenching is HRC43~48.

[0019] Furthermore, the main body of the tool is made of 42CrMo.

[0020] Furthermore, a flange is provided at the front end of the cutter body, and the radial runout of the guide cylinder is controlled within the range of 0.01 to 0.03 mm by adjusting the screw.

[0021] Furthermore, there are four welded alloy guide pillars, which are equidistantly arranged on the side of the tool body.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention reduces the number of tools and lowers the machining difficulty by combining the guide cylinder, semi-finish boring tool, and finish reamer together; at the same time, it effectively improves machining efficiency. Since the machining starts from the semi-finish stage, it can maximize the consistency of the machining of intermittent holes and ensure the positional accuracy and coaxiality of the two holes. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of intermittent holes on a workpiece to be processed in the prior art.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the utility model in use.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 101 Tool body, 102 Guide cylinder, 103 Semi-finish boring tool, 104 Finish reamer, 105 Support guide part, 106 Alloy guide post, 107 Welded alloy guide bar, 108 Flange, 109 Adjusting screw, 110 Tool holder, 111 First hole, 112 Second hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this utility model.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment of the invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] The following disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for different structures of the embodiments of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or reference letters may be repeated in different examples of the embodiments of the present invention; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various implementations and / or arrangements discussed.

[0036] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] See Figures 1-3 This embodiment discloses a precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure, including a tool body 101. The tool body 101 has a guide cylinder 102 at the front end, a semi-finish boring tool 103 in the middle, and a finish reamer 104 at the rear. The guide cylinder 102, the semi-finish boring tool 103, and the finish reamer 104 are an integrated structure.

[0038] Among them, two support guide sections 105 are provided at the rear end of the tool body 101, which respectively contact the inner walls of the front and rear holes (first hole 111 and second hole 112) to be machined.

[0039] This invention reduces the number of tools and lowers the machining difficulty by combining the guide cylinder 102, the semi-finish boring tool 103, and the finish reamer 104 together; at the same time, it effectively improves machining efficiency. Since the machining starts from the semi-finish and proceeds together, it can maximize the consistency of the machining of the intermittent holes and ensure the positional accuracy and coaxiality of the two holes (the first hole 111 and the second hole 112).

[0040] Furthermore, in actual use, there are two sets of semi-finish boring tools 103 arranged symmetrically. By adjusting the radial position of the symmetrically arranged semi-finish boring tools, the offset of the hole axis is corrected step by step.

[0041] There are two sets of precision reamers 104, arranged symmetrically.

[0042] Furthermore, at least three welded alloy guide pillars 106 are provided on the side of the guide cylinder 102. The welded alloy guide pillars are ground to form a guide outer circle with a diameter 0.05 to 0.15 mm smaller than the diameter of the hole to be processed.

[0043] The support guide 105 is mainly composed of four sets of welded alloy guide bars 107, which are equidistantly arranged on the side of the tool body 101.

[0044] In traditional processes, the front and rear holes are machined separately, and the excessive overhang of the tool leads to large coaxiality errors. The guide cylinder 102 provides a high-precision guide reference, and the two supporting guide parts 105 contact the inner walls of the front and rear holes respectively, forming a rigid constraint and forcibly aligning the axes of the two holes, so that the coaxiality error of the machined holes is smaller, meeting the high precision requirements of the parts.

[0045] Furthermore, the cutting edge of the semi-finish boring tool 103 is fixed using an adjustable clamping structure with a radial adjustment range of ±0.15mm, used to correct the positional accuracy of the hole. The adjustable clamping structure can be fixed by bolts and clamping blocks; the semi-finish boring tool 103 is thus fixed by rotating the bolts to fix the clamping blocks.

[0046] The cutting part of the precision reamer 104 is made of welded cemented carbide, with a surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm and a cutting edge clearance angle of 8°~15°.

[0047] Furthermore, the length of the support guide 105 is 1.2 to 1.5 times the diameter of the hole to be machined, and its outer surface is provided with a wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 10 to 30 μm. The wear-resistant coating reduces friction loss and maintains guiding accuracy over a long period of time.

[0048] The main body of the tool 101 is made of alloy structural steel, and its hardness after quenching is HRC43-48.

[0049] Furthermore, the tool body 101 is made of 42CrMo.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments, the front end of the tool body 101 is provided with a flange 108, and the radial runout of the guide cylinder 102 is controlled within the range of 0.01 to 0.03 mm by adjusting the screw 109.

[0051] This utility model uses 42CrMo alloy steel, which is quenched to HRC43-48 to enhance overall rigidity. The radial runout of the guide cylinder 102 is controlled by adjusting screw 109 to ensure initial clamping accuracy. The adjustable clamping structure of the semi-finish boring tool 103 supports radial compensation of ±0.15mm, corrects hole position deviation in real time, and avoids error accumulation.

[0052] In actual use, the tool is mounted on the machine tool after being mounted on the tool holder 110. Adjusting flange 108 and adjusting screw 109, the tool is aligned with the foremost guide cylinder 102 as the reference to ensure that the runout is within 0.02. After the drill bit has finished rough drilling the front and rear holes, the first hole 111 is machined first, and then the feed is rapidly fed to 5mm before the second hole 112. The second hole 112 is machined, and the tool is retracted at the feed rate.

[0053] Specifically as follows:

[0054] S1. Use a roughing drill bit to rough machine the first hole 111 and the second hole 112 to form pre-drilled holes;

[0055] S2. Install the boring and reaming integrated tool on the machine tool holder 110, and calibrate the radial runout 102 of the guide cylinder through the flange adjustment mechanism;

[0056] S3. Machining the first hole 111, and switching to the finishing feed speed at a distance of 25-10mm from the second hole 11 to complete machining the second hole 112;

[0057] S4. Maintain the feed rate while retracting the tool to avoid interference between the tool and the hole wall.

[0058] In practical use, this utility model adopts a unified guiding, boring, and reaming process to achieve the purpose of structural integration. By selecting the material of the precision reamer 104 and combining it with the support guide part 105, it solves the technical problems of large number of tools, low precision, and poor efficiency in traditional processes.

[0059] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure, comprising a tool body, characterized in that: The tool body has a guide cylinder at the front end, a semi-finish boring tool in the middle, and a finish reamer at the rear. The guide cylinder, semi-finish boring tool, and finish reamer are integrated into one structure. Among them, two support guide sections are provided at the rear end of the tool body, which respectively contact the inner walls of the front and rear holes to be machined.

2. The precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide cylinder has at least three welded alloy guide pillars on its side. The welded alloy guide pillars are ground to form a guide outer circle with a diameter 0.05 to 0.15 mm smaller than the diameter of the hole to be processed.

3. The precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge of the semi-finish boring tool is fixed by an adjustable mechanical clamp structure, with a radial adjustment range of ±0.15mm, used to correct the positional accuracy of the hole.

4. The precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting part of the precision reamer is made of welded cemented carbide with a surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm and a cutting edge clearance angle of 8°~15°.

5. The precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the support guide is 1.2 to 1.5 times the diameter of the hole to be processed, and its outer circular surface is provided with a wear-resistant coating with a coating thickness of 10 to 30 μm.

6. The precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the tool is made of alloy structural steel, and its hardness is HRC43-48 after quenching.

7. The precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The body of the tool is made of 42CrMo.

8. The precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the cutter body is equipped with a flange, and the radial runout of the guide cylinder is controlled within the range of 0.01 to 0.03 mm by adjusting the screw.

9. The precision hole machining tool with an integrated boring and reaming structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are four welded alloy guide pillars, which are equidistantly arranged on the side of the tool body.

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