A three-blade roughing forming tool

Abstract

The application discloses a three-blade rough tooth forming cutter, and relates to the technical field of cutting tools, which comprises a cutter bar and a cutter head arranged at the end of the cutter bar, three cutting edges are arranged at the circumferential side wall of the cutter head at intervals, a rough tooth cutting section is arranged along the length direction of the cutting edge, a main chip groove corresponding to the cutting edge is arranged on the side wall of the cutter head, the length extension lines of the three cutting edges all meet the axial line of the cutter head, and a secondary chip groove is arranged along the length direction of the rough tooth cutting section on the side wall of the cutting edge. The rough tooth cutting section extends along the length direction of the cutting edge, expands the cutting contact area, the main chip groove corresponds to the cutting edge one by one, provides a special chip removal channel for the chip, the secondary chip groove arranged along the length direction of the rough tooth cutting section cooperates with the main chip groove to remove the chip, breaks the chip, prevents the chip from winding around the cutting edge, avoids the accumulation of the chip in the cutting area, and reduces the scratch of the chip on the machined surface of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cutting tool technology, and in particular to a three-flute coarse-tooth forming tool. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal cutting, roughing is a core pre-process in the mechanical manufacturing process. Its core function is to quickly remove excess material from metal blanks such as castings and forgings, laying the foundation for dimensional references and surface quality for subsequent finishing. With the increasing demand for mass production in fields such as automotive parts, construction machinery parts, and general machinery, higher requirements are being placed on the efficiency, stability, and adaptability of roughing tools.

[0003] Three-flute coarse-tooth forming cutters are commonly used tools in the field of rough machining. With the characteristic of multiple cutting edges working together, they can directly match specific contours such as stepped surfaces and annular grooves of workpieces for forming cutting, reducing the number of process turns. Therefore, they are widely used in the rough machining of symmetrical workpieces such as shaft parts and disc parts.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that if unbroken chips accumulate in the chip groove, chip removal will be difficult, leading to friction and scratches between the chips and the machined surface of the workpiece. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter to improve the problem of chips accumulating in the chip groove before they are broken, which easily leads to poor chip removal and causes friction and scratches between the chips and the machined surface of the workpiece.

[0006] This application provides a three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter, which adopts the following technical solution: A three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter includes a cutter shank and a cutter head located at the end of the cutter shank. The circumferential sidewall of the cutter head is provided with three cutting edges spaced apart. Each cutting edge extends along the length of its cutting edge and has a coarse-tooth cutting section. The sidewall of the cutter head has a main chip groove corresponding to the cutting edge. The extended lines of the cutting edges of the three cutting edges all converge at the axis of the cutter head. The sidewall of the cutting edge has a secondary chip groove along the length of the coarse-tooth cutting section.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the three cutting edges are evenly distributed along the circumference of the tool head, so that the radial force is balanced during cutting, reducing the vibration amplitude and preventing machining accuracy deviation caused by force imbalance; the coarse tooth cutting section extends along the length of the cutting edge, increasing the cutting contact area; the main chip groove corresponds one-to-one with the cutting edge, providing a dedicated chip removal channel for the chips; the secondary chip groove opened along the length of the coarse tooth cutting section works in conjunction with the main chip groove to remove chips, break the chips, prevent chips from wrapping around the cutting edge, avoid chip accumulation in the cutting area, and reduce chip scratches on the machined surface of the workpiece.

[0008] Optionally, the cutting edge is provided with spherical protrusions at intervals, the coarse tooth cutting section is provided along the contour of the cutting edge, and the sidewall of the cutting edge is provided with a secondary chip groove along the length direction of the coarse tooth cutting section.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the spherical protrusions spaced apart on the cutting edge can reduce the contact area between the cutting edge and the workpiece material, reduce the cutting friction coefficient, disperse the cutting impact force, prevent local stress concentration on the cutting edge, and reduce the risk of edge breakage.

[0010] Optionally, the rake angle of the cutting edge is set to 10°-15°, the clearance angle is set to 8°-12°, and the principal cutting edge angle is 45°-60°.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the rake angle of the cutting edge is set to 10°-15°. If the rake angle is too small, the cutting resistance will be too large, increasing the load. If the rake angle is too large, the cutting edge strength will be weakened, and the chipping of the cutting edge will be easily caused. A clearance angle of 8°-12° can reduce friction between the cutting edge flank and the machined surface of the workpiece, prevent thermal damage to the machined surface caused by friction, reduce abrasive wear on the flank, and extend the tool sharpening cycle; a principal cutting edge angle of 45°-60° can decompose the cutting force into reasonable radial and axial forces, reducing radial deformation of the tool holder.

[0012] Optionally, the tooth tip of the coarse cutting section is provided with a rounded transition.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the arc transition at the tooth tip of the coarse cutting section can eliminate the stress concentration point at the tooth tip and prevent tooth tip breakage caused by excessive impact load during rough machining; when the arc transition tooth tip contacts the workpiece surface, it can reduce local extrusion deformation.

[0014] Optionally, the pitch of the coarse cutting section is 4mm-6mm, and the tooth depth is 2mm-4mm.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solutions, the 4mm-6mm tooth pitch design of the coarse tooth cutting section ensures sufficient chip removal space between adjacent teeth to prevent chip blockage, while also ensuring a reasonable tooth density of the cutting edge to prevent intermittent cutting impact caused by excessive tooth pitch. The 2mm-4mm tooth depth is suitable for medium and low machining allowance scenarios, which can prevent the cutting load concentration caused by excessive tooth depth, reduce the increase in machining times caused by insufficient tooth depth, and improve machining efficiency.

[0016] Optionally, the cutter head is made of cemented carbide material, and the cutting edge extends to the circumferential sidewall of the cutter head.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the tool head is made of cemented carbide material, such as WC-Co alloy, which has excellent high temperature resistance and extended service life; the cutting edge extends to the circumferential side wall of the tool head, so that there is no cutting dead angle in the circumferential direction of the tool head, and the cutting coverage of the entire circumference of the tool head can be achieved, preventing residual machining allowance on the side wall of the workpiece due to the lack of extension of the cutting edge, reducing subsequent rework processes, and improving machining efficiency.

[0018] Optionally, the cutting edge is passivated by 0.05mm-0.1mm.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the cutting edge of the cutting edge is passivated by 0.05mm-0.1mm, which can eliminate the micro burrs on the cutting edge and prevent the burrs from breaking under impact load during rough machining, resulting in micro gaps on the cutting edge.

[0020] Optionally, the cutting edge is coated with a wear-resistant coating.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the wear-resistant coating can form a high-hardness protective layer on the cutting edge surface, reducing scratches on the cutting edge caused by hard impurities in the workpiece material during the cutting process and the adhesion of built-up edge when cutting low carbon steel, thereby reducing the cutting edge wear rate.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The three cutting edges are evenly distributed along the circumference of the tool head, which makes the radial force balanced during cutting, reduces the vibration amplitude, and prevents machining accuracy deviations caused by force imbalance; the coarse tooth cutting section extends along the length of the cutting edge, increasing the cutting contact area; the main chip groove corresponds to the cutting edge one by one, providing a dedicated chip removal channel for the chips; the secondary chip groove opened along the length of the coarse tooth cutting section works in conjunction with the main chip groove to remove chips, break the chips, prevent chips from wrapping around the cutting edge, avoid chip accumulation in the cutting area, and reduce scratches on the machined surface of the workpiece by the chips; 2. The spherical protrusions spaced apart on the cutting edge can reduce the contact area between the cutting edge and the workpiece material, reduce the cutting friction coefficient, disperse the cutting impact force, prevent local stress concentration on the cutting edge, and reduce the risk of edge chipping. 3. The rounded transition at the tooth tip of the coarse cutting section can eliminate stress concentration points at the tooth tip and prevent tooth tip breakage caused by excessive impact load during rough machining; when the rounded tooth tip contacts the workpiece surface, it can reduce local extrusion deformation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0024] In the figure, 1 is the tool holder; 2 is the tool head; 3 is the cutting edge; 31 is the coarse tooth cutting section; 32 is the spherical protrusion; 4 is the main chip groove; 5 is the secondary chip groove; and 6 is the wear-resistant coating. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0026] A three-edged coarse-tooth forming knife, as shown in the figure Figure 1 The tool includes a tool holder 1 and a tool head 2 located at one end of the tool holder 1. The tool holder 1 and the tool head 2 adopt an integral molding structure and are formed by hot forging and CNC milling to ensure that the coaxiality error is ≤0.01mm. The end of the tool holder 1 away from the tool head 2 is set as a cylindrical shank. A keyway (not shown in the figure) is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical shank for circumferential positioning with the machine tool fixture.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cutter head 2 has three cutting edges 3 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on its circumferential sidewall. The included angle between adjacent cutting edges 3 is 120°, which makes the radial force balanced during cutting. Each cutting edge 3 is provided with a spherical protrusion 32 at intervals. The cutting edge 3 extends along its own cutting edge length to form a coarse tooth cutting section 31. The tooth tip of the coarse tooth cutting section 31 adopts a rounded transition. The tooth pitch is set to 4mm-6mm and the tooth depth is set to 2mm-4mm. This ensures that there is enough chip removal space between adjacent teeth of the coarse tooth cutting section 31 to prevent chip blockage, and also ensures that the tooth density of the cutting edge 3 is reasonable to prevent intermittent cutting impact caused by excessive tooth pitch.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cutter head 2 has a main chip groove 4 on its side wall that corresponds one-to-one with the cutting edge 3, and the side wall of the coarse tooth cutting section 31 of each cutting edge 3 has a secondary chip groove 5 along the length direction to provide a chip removal channel for the chips. The secondary chip groove 5 opened along the length direction of the coarse tooth cutting section 31 works with the main chip groove 4 to remove chips, break the chips, prevent the chips from wrapping around the cutting edge 3, avoid the chips from accumulating in the cutting area, and reduce the scratches on the machined surface of the workpiece caused by the chips.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The rake angle of the cutting edge 3 is set to 10°-15°, the clearance angle is set to 8°-12°, and the principal cutting edge angle of the cutting edge 3 is 45°-60°; the tool head 2 is made of WC-Co cemented carbide, which has excellent high temperature resistance and extends service life; the cutting edge of the cutting edge 3 extends to the circumferential sidewall of the tool head 2, and the cutting edge of the cutting edge 3 is passivated by 0.05mm-0.1mm; a wear-resistant coating 6 is sprayed on the cutting edge of the cutting edge 3. The wear-resistant coating 6 is a TiAlN coating or an AlCrN coating, which reduces the scratches on the cutting edge caused by hard impurities in the workpiece material during the cutting process and the adhesion of built-up edge when cutting low carbon steel, thereby reducing the wear rate of the cutting edge.

[0030] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: Three cutting edges 3 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the tool head 2, which ensures balanced radial force during cutting, reduces tool vibration caused by force imbalance, and thus guarantees machining accuracy. The cutting edges 3 extend to the circumferential sidewall of the tool head 2, ensuring the integrity of the workpiece sidewall machining. The carbide material of the tool head 2 provides excellent wear resistance and high temperature resistance, making it suitable for high-speed cutting. The edge passivation treatment eliminates micro-burrs and enhances the resistance to chipping. The wear-resistant coating 6 forms a high-hardness protective layer on the edge surface, reducing abrasive wear and adhesive wear, and extending tool life. The secondary chip groove 5, which is opened along the length of the coarse tooth cutting section 31, works in conjunction with the main chip groove 4 to remove chips, break the chips, prevent chips from wrapping around the cutting edges 3, avoid chip accumulation in the cutting area, and reduce chip scratches on the machined surface of the workpiece.

[0031] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A three-bladed coarse-tooth forming knife, characterized in that: The tool includes a tool holder (1) and a tool head (2) located at the end of the tool holder (1). The circumferential sidewall of the tool head (2) is provided with three cutting edges (3) at intervals. The cutting edges (3) are provided with a coarse tooth cutting section (31) extending along the length of the cutting edge. The sidewall of the tool head (2) is provided with a main chip groove (4) corresponding to the cutting edge (3). The extension lines of the cutting edges of the three cutting edges (3) all converge at the axis of the tool head (2). The sidewall of the cutting edge (3) is provided with a secondary chip groove (5) along the length of the coarse tooth cutting section (31).

2. The three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge (3) is provided with spherical protrusions (32) at intervals, and the coarse tooth cutting section (31) is provided along the contour of the cutting edge (3).

3. A three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rake angle of the cutting edge (3) is set to 10°-15°, the clearance angle is set to 8°-12°, and the principal cutting edge angle of the cutting edge (3) is 45°-60°.

4. A three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tooth tip of the coarse cutting section (31) is set with a rounded transition.

5. A three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pitch of the coarse cutting section (31) is 4mm-6mm, and the tooth depth is 2mm-4mm.

6. A three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutter head (2) is made of cemented carbide material, and the cutting edge (3) extends to the circumferential sidewall of the cutter head (2).

7. A three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cutting edge (3) is passivated by 0.05mm-0.1mm.

8. A three-bladed coarse-tooth forming cutter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cutting edge (3) is coated with a wear-resistant coating (6).

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