A quick positioning fixture for special-shaped parts of a machining center

Abstract

The utility model relates to special-shaped part machining technical field and disclose a kind of quick positioning fixture of machining center special-shaped part, including base, the upper surface of base is all symmetrically provided with clamping structure, wherein, the clamping structure of left side is fixedly installed with base. This quick positioning fixture of machining center special-shaped part, by placing the special-shaped part between the two clamping structures on base, then starting positive and negative motor through programmable controller, positive and negative motor is rotated by output end thread rod, make the clamping structure of screw block on thread rod's right end of base upper surface drive base upper surface left end's clamping structure close, make the clamping seat inside multiple movable rods, clamping rod, universal ball rod and clamping plate to special-shaped part are clamped fixed, since the end of movable rod is extruded with air bag by extrusion plate, when not contacting special-shaped part clamping plate automatically fills gap and forms multiple-point contact, pressure is evenly distributed to all contact points, ensure that special-shaped workpiece is stably fixed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of irregular part processing technology, specifically a quick positioning fixture for irregular parts in a machining center. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of high-end equipment manufacturing, the demand for processing irregularly shaped parts (such as aerospace engine blades, automotive body panel molds, and curved surface parts for robot joints) is increasing. These parts are characterized by complex geometry, variable surface curvature, and asymmetrical structure, posing a significant challenge to traditional fixtures during clamping.

[0003] Traditional fixtures (such as V-blocks and bolt clamping) rely on pre-machined reference holes or regular geometric surfaces, which cannot be adapted to irregular curved parts. Fixtures need to be positioned through pre-machined holes, which cannot be compatible with complex contour workpieces. In addition, the hydraulic system has the risk of oil leakage and high maintenance costs. Therefore, we propose a quick positioning fixture for irregular parts in machining centers to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a quick positioning fixture for irregularly shaped parts in machining centers, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a quick positioning fixture for irregularly shaped parts in a machining center, including a base, wherein clamping structures are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the base.

[0006] The clamping structure on the left is fixedly installed with the base, and the clamping structure on the right is movably installed with the base. The base has a movable structure inside, and a programmable controller is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the base.

[0007] The clamping structure is used to quickly clamp irregularly shaped parts, and the movable structure is used to limit the movement of the clamping structure.

[0008] Furthermore, each clamping structure includes a clamping seat, the bottom of which is movably mounted on the right end of the upper surface of the base. The clamping seat has a cavity inside, and its outer wall has several rectangular holes communicating with the cavity. A movable rod is movably connected inside the rectangular holes. One end of the movable rod is fixedly connected to a pressing plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to a clamping rod. One end of the clamping rod has an arc-shaped groove, and the inside of the arc-shaped groove is slidably contacted by a universal ball joint. The other end of the universal ball joint is fixedly connected to a clamping plate. An airbag is movably installed inside the cavity near the pressing plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamping structure also includes a connecting plate, on the upper surface of which a T-type three-way valve is placed. The T-type three-way valve includes a main port, a first branch port, and a second branch port. The main port is fixedly connected to a hose, and the inflation port of the airbag is sealed to one end of the hose. The first branch port is fixedly connected to a pressure guiding tube, one end of which is connected to the detection end of a pressure sensor. The second branch port is fixedly connected to an air pump. A one-way valve is movably installed in the second branch port of the T-type three-way valve and the pressure guiding tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the movable structure includes a second cavity, which is formed inside a base. The upper surface of the base has a rectangular groove and a connecting hole. The rectangular groove communicates with the second cavity through the connecting hole. A forward and reverse motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the base. A threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the forward and reverse motor. The threaded rod is rotatably connected to a bearing on the inner wall of the second cavity. A threaded block is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod. Limiting grooves are symmetrically formed on the outer wall of the threaded block.

[0011] Furthermore, the rectangular groove and the connecting hole have a T-shaped cross-section, the threaded block has an I-shaped cross-section, and the bottom of the clamping seat is slidably connected to the rectangular groove and the connecting hole via the fixedly connected threaded block.

[0012] In the fixed-installation clamping structure, the bottom of the clamping seat is fixedly installed on the left end of the upper surface of the base.

[0013] Furthermore, the programmable controller is electrically connected to the forward and reverse motors, the programmable controller is electrically connected to the air pump, the programmable controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, and the programmable controller is electrically connected to the one-way valve.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. This machining center's rapid positioning fixture for irregularly shaped parts works by placing the irregularly shaped part between two clamping structures on the base. Then, the programmable controller starts the forward and reverse motors, which drive the threaded rod to rotate through the output end. This causes the threaded block on the threaded rod to move the clamping structure on the right end of the upper surface of the base closer to the clamping structure on the left end of the upper surface of the base. This allows multiple movable rods, clamping rods, universal ball joints, and clamping plates inside the clamping seat to clamp and fix the irregularly shaped part. Since one end of the movable rod is compressed by the extrusion plate with an air bladder, when the clamping plate that is not in contact with the irregularly shaped part automatically fills the gap, it forms multi-point contact, and the pressure is evenly distributed to all contact points, ensuring the stable fixation of the irregularly shaped workpiece.

[0016] 2. This machining center's rapid positioning fixture for irregularly shaped parts uses a pressure sensor to monitor the air pressure inside the airbag in real time through the clamping structure. When the detected air pressure is lower than the first preset threshold, the inflation pump is started to pressurize the airbag. The pressure data is continuously acquired, and the inflation pump is turned off when the air pressure reaches the second preset threshold, where the second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold. This achieves precise maintenance of the airbag pressure through automated closed-loop control, ensuring that the clamping structure maintains the preset pressure value inside the airbag under the condition of multiple clamping of irregularly shaped parts. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamping structure of this utility model.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base; 3. Clamping structure; 31. Clamping seat; 32. Cavity 1; 33. Rectangular hole; 34. Movable rod; 35. Extrusion plate; 36. Clamping rod; 37. Arc groove; 38. Universal ball joint; 39. Clamping plate; 310. Airbag; 311. Connecting plate; 312. T-type three-way valve; 313. Pressure guide tube; 314. Pressure sensor; 315. One-way valve; 316. Air pump; 317. Hose; 4. Movable structure; 41. Cavity 2; 42. Rectangular groove; 43. Connecting hole; 44. Forward and reverse motor; 45. Threaded rod; 46. Threaded block; 47. Limiting groove; 5. Programmable controller. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-4 A quick positioning fixture for irregularly shaped parts in a machining center includes a base 1, on the upper surface of which clamping structures 3 are symmetrically arranged.

[0025] Among them, the clamping structure 3 on the left side is fixedly installed with the base 1, the clamping structure 3 on the right side is movably installed with the base 1, the base 1 is provided with a movable structure 4, and the outer wall of the base 1 is fixedly installed with a programmable controller 5.

[0026] The clamping structure 3 is used to quickly clamp irregularly shaped parts, and the movable structure 4 is used to limit the movement of the clamping structure 3.

[0027] Reference Figure 1-4 As shown, the clamping structure 3 includes a clamping seat 31. The bottom of the clamping seat 31 is movably mounted on the right end of the upper surface of the base 1. A cavity 32 is formed inside the clamping seat 31. Several rectangular holes 33 communicating with the cavity 32 are formed on the outer wall of the clamping seat 31. A movable rod 34 is movably connected inside the rectangular holes 33. A pressing plate 35 is fixedly connected to one end of the movable rod 34, and a clamping rod 36 is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable rod 34. An arc-shaped groove 37 is formed at one end of the clamping rod 36. The interior of the arc-shaped groove 37 slides in contact with one end of the universal ball joint 38. A clamping plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the universal ball joint 38. 39. An airbag 310 is movably installed inside the cavity 32 near the extrusion plate 35. A pressure sensor 314 is used to monitor the air pressure inside the airbag 310 in real time. When the detected air pressure is lower than the first preset threshold, the inflation pump 316 is started to pressurize the airbag 310. The air pressure data is continuously acquired, and when the air pressure reaches the second preset threshold, the inflation pump 316 is turned off. The second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold. The above achieves precise maintenance of the airbag 310 pressure through automated closed-loop control, ensuring that the clamping structure 3 maintains the preset pressure value inside the airbag 310 under the condition of multiple clamping of irregular parts.

[0028] Reference Figure 1-4 As shown, the clamping structure 3 also includes a connecting plate 311. A T-type three-way valve 312 is placed on the upper surface of the connecting plate 311. The T-type three-way valve 312 includes a main port, a first branch port, and a second branch port. The main port is fixedly connected to a hose 317. The inflation port of the airbag 310 is sealed to one end of the hose 317. The first branch port is fixedly connected to a pressure guide tube 313. One end of the pressure guide tube 313 is connected to the detection end of the pressure sensor 314. The second branch port is fixedly connected to an air pump 316. A one-way valve 315 is movably installed in the second branch interface of the three-way valve 312 and in the pressure guide tube 313; a hose 317 is fixedly connected to the air inlet of the airbag 310, and the airbag 310, pressure sensor 314 and air pump 316 interface are connected through the T-type three-way valve 312. In this way, the pressure sensor 314 is completely separated from the deformable area of ​​the airbag 310, and the airbag 310 does not need to be disassembled during maintenance. While ensuring the accuracy of pressure monitoring, the influence of the installation of the pressure sensor 314 on the compression function of the airbag 310 can be completely eliminated.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 4, the movable structure 4 includes a cavity 41, which is located inside the base 1. A rectangular groove 42 and a connecting hole 43 are formed on the upper surface of the base 1. The rectangular groove 42 communicates with the cavity 41 through the connecting hole 43. A forward / reverse motor 44 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the base 1. A threaded rod 45 is fixedly connected to the output end of the forward / reverse motor 44. The threaded rod 45 is rotatably connected to a bearing on the inner wall of the cavity 41. A threaded block 46 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod 45. Limiting grooves 47 are symmetrically formed on the outer wall of the threaded block 46. The irregular part is placed between two clamping structures 3 on the base 1, and then... (The sentence is incomplete and requires further context to translate accurately.) The controller 5 starts the forward and reverse motor 44. The forward and reverse motor 44 drives the threaded rod 45 to rotate through the output end. This causes the threaded block 46 on the threaded rod 45 to move the clamping structure 3 on the right end of the upper surface of the base 1 closer to the clamping structure 3 on the left end of the upper surface of the base 1. This causes multiple movable rods 34, clamping rods 36, universal ball rods 38 and clamping plates 39 inside the clamping seat 31 to clamp and fix the irregular part. Since one end of the movable rod 34 is squeezed by the extrusion plate 35 to form an air bladder 310, when the clamping plate 39 is not in contact with the irregular part, it automatically fills the gap to form multi-point contact. The pressure is evenly distributed to all contact points to ensure the stable fixation of the irregular workpiece.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 4, the rectangular groove 42 and the connecting hole 43 have a T-shaped cross-section, and the threaded block 46 has an I-shaped cross-section. The bottom of the clamping seat 31 is slidably connected to the rectangular groove 42 and the connecting hole 43 through the fixedly connected threaded block 46.

[0031] In the fixedly installed clamping structure 3, the bottom of the clamping seat 31 is fixedly installed on the left end of the upper surface of the base 1.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, the programmable controller 5 is electrically connected to the forward and reverse motor 44, the programmable controller 5 is electrically connected to the air pump 316, the programmable controller 5 is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 314, and the programmable controller 5 is electrically connected to the one-way valve 315.

[0033] In this embodiment, the power supply line of the forward and reverse motor 44 is connected to the power supply terminal of the generator via a cable. Then, the programmable controller 5 controls the power phase sequence of the forward and reverse motor 44 through the output module to achieve forward and reverse switching. Its control terminal is controlled by the external power supply control equipment through the wiring harness.

[0034] In use, the irregular part is placed between the two clamping structures 3 on the base 1. Then, the programmable controller 5 starts the forward and reverse motor 44. The forward and reverse motor 44 drives the threaded rod 45 to rotate through the output end, so that the threaded block 46 on the threaded rod 45 drives the clamping structure 3 on the right end of the upper surface of the base 1 to move closer to the clamping structure 3 on the left end of the upper surface of the base 1. This causes the multiple movable rods 34, clamping rods 36, universal ball rods 38 and clamping plates 39 inside the clamping seat 31 to clamp and fix the irregular part. Since one end of the movable rod 34 is compressed by the extrusion plate 35 to form an airbag 310, the clamping plate 39 that is not in contact with the irregular part automatically fills the gap. The gaps create multiple points of contact, and the pressure is evenly distributed to all contact points to ensure the stable fixation of irregularly shaped workpieces. The pressure sensor 314 is used to monitor the internal air pressure of the airbag 310 in real time. When the detected air pressure is lower than the first preset threshold, the inflation pump 316 is started to pressurize the airbag 310. The air pressure data is continuously acquired, and when the air pressure value reaches the second preset threshold, the inflation pump 316 is turned off. The second preset threshold is greater than the first preset threshold. In this way, the pressure of the airbag 310 is accurately maintained through automatic closed-loop control, ensuring that the clamping structure 3 maintains the preset pressure value inside the airbag 310 under the condition of multiple clamping of irregularly shaped workpieces.

[0035] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A quick positioning fixture for irregularly shaped parts in a machining center, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the base (1) is symmetrically provided with clamping structures (3). Among them, the clamping structure (3) on the left side is fixedly installed with the base (1), and the clamping structure (3) on the right side is movably installed with the base (1). The base (1) is provided with a movable structure (4), and the outer wall of the base (1) is fixedly installed with a programmable controller (5). The clamping structure (3) is used to quickly clamp irregular parts, and the movable structure (4) is used to limit the movement of the clamping structure (3). The clamping structure (3) includes a clamping seat (31). The bottom of the clamping seat (31) is movably mounted on the right end of the upper surface of the base (1). The clamping seat (31) has a cavity (32) inside. The outer wall of the clamping seat (31) has a plurality of rectangular holes (33) that communicate with the cavity (32). A movable rod (34) is movably connected inside the rectangular hole (33). A pressing plate (35) is fixedly connected to one end of the movable rod (34). A clamping rod (36) is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable rod (34). An arc groove (37) is opened at one end of the clamping rod (36). The interior of the arc groove (37) slides in contact with one end of the universal ball joint (38). A clamping plate (39) is fixedly connected to the other end of the universal ball joint (38). An airbag (310) is movably installed inside the cavity (32).

2. The machining center quick positioning fixture for irregularly shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping structure (3) also includes a connecting plate (311). A T-type three-way valve (312) is placed on the upper surface of the connecting plate (311). The T-type three-way valve (312) includes a main port, a first branch port and a second branch port. The main port is fixedly connected to a hose (317). The inflation port of the airbag (310) is sealed to one end of the hose (317). The first branch port is fixedly connected to a pressure guide tube (313). One end of the pressure guide tube (313) is connected to the detection end of the pressure sensor (314). The second branch port is fixedly connected to an air pump (316). A one-way valve (315) is movably installed on the second branch port of the T-type three-way valve (312) and the pressure guide tube (313).

3. The machining center quick positioning fixture for irregularly shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active structure (4) includes a cavity two (41), which is located inside the base (1). The upper surface of the base (1) is provided with a rectangular groove (42) and a connecting hole (43). The rectangular groove (42) is connected to the cavity two (41) through the connecting hole (43). A forward and reverse motor (44) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the base (1). A threaded rod (45) is fixedly connected to the output end of the forward and reverse motor (44). The threaded rod (45) is rotatably connected to a bearing on the inner wall of the cavity two (41). A threaded block (46) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod (45). A limit groove (47) is symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the threaded block (46).

4. A quick positioning fixture for irregularly shaped parts in a machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rectangular groove (42) and the connecting hole (43) have a T-shaped cross-section, and the threaded block (46) has an I-shaped cross-section. The bottom of the clamping seat (31) is slidably connected to the rectangular groove (42) and the connecting hole (43) through the fixedly connected threaded block (46). In the fixedly installed clamping structure (3), the bottom of the clamping seat (31) is fixedly installed on the left end of the upper surface of the base (1).

5. A quick positioning fixture for irregularly shaped parts in a machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: The programmable controller (5) is electrically connected to the forward and reverse motor (44), the programmable controller (5) is electrically connected to the air pump (316), the programmable controller (5) is electrically connected to the pressure sensor (314), and the programmable controller (5) is electrically connected to the one-way valve (315).

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