Self-clamping rotary table

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of self-clamping rotary tables, including linear driver, elastic chuck, elastic collet chuck and rotating mechanism. Linear driver contains the hollow passage of each cylinder and piston. Elastic chuck is located in the hollow passage of both piston and cylinder. Elastic collet chuck is at least located in the hollow passage of piston and is sheathed on elastic chuck, and elastic collet chuck is equipped with the top structure of facing piston. The piston is equipped with the top structure of top pushing cooperation and can be rotated relative to piston. The rotating output end of rotating mechanism is assembled with the end of elastic collet chuck away from top structure. Wherein, in the process that piston is retracted into cylinder, elastic collet chuck is driven to do the elastic deformation close to the center line of the elastic collet chuck by the top pushing cooperation of top structure and top structure, so as to be pushed by elastic collet elastic chuck to do the movement of workpiece clamping. The self-clamping rotary table of the utility model solves the problem of workpiece machining precision control difficulty, use cost increase and unable to rotate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of machining, and in particular to a self-clamping rotary table for automatically clamping workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] As we all know, the machining industry involves cutting, grinding and other machining processes of workpieces, so the use of fixtures to clamp the workpieces is indispensable.

[0003] For example, in a pneumatic collet for cylindrical machining parts disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 202123177842.9, the elastic collet with a tapered surface is fixed on the piston disc, and the collet seat with a tapered surface is fixed on the cover plate. Therefore, during the process of the piston disc driving the elastic collet to slide downward, the collet seat pushes the elastic collet to make elastic deformation close to the center line of the elastic collet by means of the tapered surface, thereby realizing the purpose of clamping the workpiece that has been placed in the elastic collet by the elastic collet.

[0004] However, the workpiece needs to move down along with the elastic collet during the clamping process, which makes it difficult to control the machining accuracy of workpieces in batch processing (e.g., in terms of thickness).

[0005] In addition, machining angled surfaces presents challenges in terms of both difficulty and cost. Furthermore, the shape of the workpiece varies, necessitating the replacement of elastic collets to accommodate different workpiece shapes, which increases operating costs.

[0006] Furthermore, the pneumatic collet for cylindrical workpieces disclosed in Chinese patent application No. 202123177842.9 is not suitable for situations where the workpiece needs to be rotated during processing.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a self-clamping rotary table to overcome one or more of the above-mentioned defects. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-clamping rotary table that reduces usage costs, facilitates control of processing accuracy, and allows the workpiece to rotate during processing.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the self-clamping rotary table of this utility model includes a linear actuator, an elastic chuck, an elastic collet, and a rotating mechanism. The linear actuator includes a cylinder and a piston that can slide and extend relative to the cylinder. Both the piston and the cylinder have a hollow channel arranged through the piston in the sliding direction. The elastic chuck is located within the hollow channels of both the piston and the cylinder, and is used to clamp or release the workpiece. The elastic collet is located at least within the hollow channel of the piston and is fitted over the elastic chuck. The elastic collet also engages with the elastic chuck in a pushing action. The elastic collet has a receiving structure facing the piston, and the piston has a pushing structure that engages with the receiving structure and can rotate relative to the piston. The rotating mechanism's rotation output end is connected to the end of the elastic collet away from the receiving structure, and the rotating mechanism drives the elastic chuck to rotate. During the process of the piston retracting into the cylinder, the piston, through the pushing cooperation of the pushing structure and the receiving structure, causes the elastic collet to undergo elastic deformation close to the center line of the elastic collet, thereby the elastic collet pushes the elastic chuck to clamp the workpiece.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, since the elastic collet is located at least in the hollow channel of the piston and is sleeved on the elastic chuck, and the elastic collet is also used to push and cooperate with the elastic chuck, the elastic collet is provided with a receiving structure facing the piston, and the piston is provided with a pushing structure that cooperates with the receiving structure; so that during the process of the piston retracting into the cylinder, the piston drives the elastic collet to make elastic deformation close to the center line of the elastic collet through the pushing cooperation of the pushing structure and the receiving structure, thereby the elastic collet pushes the elastic chuck to clamp the workpiece; therefore, the clamping of the workpiece by the elastic chuck does not need to slide with the piston, thus making it easier to control the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Meanwhile, since the pushing structure is located on the piston and the receiving structure is located on the elastic collet, the continued use of the pushing structure and the elastic collet is not affected when the elastic collet is replaced according to the shape of the workpiece to be clamped, thus saving operating costs. Furthermore, since the end of the elastic collet furthest from the receiving structure is assembled at the rotary output end of the rotary mechanism, and the pushing structure can also rotate relative to the piston, the rotary mechanism can drive the workpiece clamped by the elastic collet to rotate, resulting in high processing efficiency. Additionally, as an example, the self-clamping rotary table of this invention can be installed on a polishing machine. After installing the self-clamping rotary table, the workpiece can also rotate, and it can rotate in the opposite direction to the grinding wheel, resulting in shorter polishing time and a rounder, brighter surface. Alternatively, the self-clamping rotary table of this invention can be installed on a CNC three-axis milling machine and modified into a turning and milling machine.

[0011] Preferably, the receiving structure is a driven inclined surface that is inclined toward the piston along the retraction direction of the piston, and the pushing structure has a pushing inclined surface that cooperates with the driven inclined surface; the driven inclined surface extends intermittently around the circumference of the elastic collet, and the pushing inclined surface extends around the center line of the piston.

[0012] Preferably, the self-clamping rotary table of this utility model further includes a sleeve seat located at least in the hollow channel of the cylinder and sleeved on the elastic collet. The sleeve seat is also assembled and connected to the output end of the rotating mechanism. The internal space of the sleeve seat extends through the sleeve seat in the upward extension of the piston. The inner side of the sleeve seat has an inner inclined surface that is inclined along the retraction direction of the piston and close to the center line of the sleeve seat. The elastic collet is correspondingly provided with an outer inclined surface that is inclined to cooperate with the inner inclined surface. When the piston retracts into the cylinder, the outer inclined surface pushes the inner inclined surface, causing the elastic collet to elastically deform close to the center line of the elastic collet.

[0013] Preferably, the top structure is spaced apart from the outer inclined surface in the retraction direction of the piston.

[0014] Preferably, the outer inclined surface extends intermittently around the circumference of the elastic collet, and the inner inclined surface extends around the center line of the collet base.

[0015] Preferably, the self-clamping rotary table of this utility model further includes a support body for supporting the cylinder and the rotating mechanism, wherein the cylinder and the rotating mechanism are mounted on the support body.

[0016] Preferably, the cylinder body further has a first end face and a second end face spaced apart in the retraction direction of the piston, and an outer side face and an inner side face located between the first end face and the second end face. The piston protrudes from the first end face of the cylinder body. A first dust removal channel is provided on the cylinder body, which simultaneously penetrates the second end face, the outer side face, and the inner side face of the cylinder body. The internal space of the cylinder seat also penetrates the cylinder seat in the extension direction of the piston. A second dust removal channel is provided on the cylinder seat and communicates with the first dust removal channel. The second dust removal channel simultaneously penetrates the outer side face, the inner side face, and the first end face of the cylinder seat. The first end face is arranged on the same side as the second end face of the cylinder body in the retraction direction of the piston. The support body is engaged with the second end face of the cylinder body, and the support body also covers the first dust removal channel. The rotation output end of the rotating mechanism is engaged with the first end face of the cylinder seat, and the rotation output end of the rotating mechanism also covers the second dust removal channel.

[0017] Preferably, the first dust removal channel includes an annular groove arranged around the center line of the cylinder body, an outer discharge groove communicating with the outer side of the annular groove, and an outer connecting hole. The annular groove penetrates the second end face and the inner side of the cylinder body, the outer discharge groove penetrates both the second end face and the outer side of the cylinder body, and the outer connecting hole penetrates the outer side of the cylinder body.

[0018] Preferably, the second dust removal channel includes an annular groove arranged around the center line of the cylinder seat and a plurality of radial grooves spaced apart circumferentially and arranged radially in the annular groove. The radial grooves communicate with the outer side of the annular groove and penetrate both the first end face and the outer side of the cylinder seat. The annular groove penetrates both the first end face and the inner side of the cylinder seat.

[0019] Preferably, the width of the outer groove is arranged to narrow in the direction away from the annular groove.

[0020] Preferably, the outer groove is also opposite to the outer through hole.

[0021] Preferably, a bearing is fitted between the piston and the pusher structure, and the pusher structure rotates relative to the piston by means of the bearing.

[0022] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a rotary motor, the output end of which forms the rotating output end; or, the rotating mechanism includes a rotary motor and a reducer or speed increaser that is drivenly connected to the rotary motor, the output end of which forms the rotating output end.

[0023] Preferably, the inner side of the elastic collet has a first annular inner side and a second annular inner side offset outward relative to the first annular inner side, and the outer side of the elastic collet has a first annular outer side that fits against the first annular inner side and a second annular outer side that is in clearance fit with the second annular inner side.

[0024] Preferably, the inner surface of the first ring, the inner surface of the second ring, the outer surface of the first ring, and the outer surface of the second ring are all cylindrical surfaces.

[0025] Preferably, the elastic chuck has a placement cavity for placing the workpiece, a plurality of partition grooves that communicate with and surround the placement cavity, and an assembly hole for the elastic chuck to be fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder body. The assembly hole communicates with the placement cavity in the retraction direction of the piston. Each partition groove extends to a preset position in the retraction direction of the piston, so that the entire inner surface of the first annulus and part of the inner surface of the second annulus are arranged intermittently in their respective circumferential directions. The elastic chuck forms an elastic pressure block at the position between two adjacent partition grooves. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the self-clamping rotary table of this utility model when it is not clamping the workpiece.

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of the self-clamping rotary table shown.

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a plan view of the self-clamping rotary table viewed in the direction indicated by arrow A.

[0029] Figure 4 It is along Figure 3 Internal view of the section cut along the BB line.

[0030] Figure 5 Is Figure 4 The diagram above shows the state when a workpiece is placed in the placement cavity of the elastic chuck.

[0031] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Internal view after concealing the support structure and rotating mechanism.

[0032] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Internal view after concealing the flexible collet, flexible chuck, and collet base.

[0033] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Internal view after hiding the linear driver.

[0034] Figure 9 yes Figure 4 Internal view after concealing the linear actuator, carrier, and rotary mechanism.

[0035] Figure 10 yes Figure 1 The self-clamping rotary table shown is a perspective view of the self-clamping rotary table when the support and rotating mechanism are hidden and viewed from another angle.

[0036] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A plan view viewed in the opposite direction of arrow A.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the elastic clamp in the self-clamping rotary table of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A three-dimensional view of the elastic clamp at another angle.

[0039] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the elastic collet in the self-clamping rotary table of this utility model.

[0040] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 The elastic collet shown is a plan view viewed in the direction indicated by arrow A.

[0041] Figure 16 It is along Figure 15 Internal view of the section cut along the CC line.

[0042] Figure 17 This is a perspective view of the cylinder seat in the self-clamping rotary table of this utility model.

[0043] Figure 18 yes Figure 17 The diagram shows the cylinder as viewed in the opposite direction of arrow A.

[0044] Figure 19 It is along Figure 18 Internal view of the section cut by the EE line. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To explain the technical content and structural features of this utility model in detail, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0046] Please combine Figures 1 to 5 The self-clamping rotary table 100 of this utility model includes a linear driver 10, an elastic chuck 20, an elastic collet 30, a rotating mechanism 40, and a collet base 50.

[0047] The linear actuator 10 includes a cylinder 11 and a piston 12 that can slide and extend relative to the cylinder 11. The piston 12 has a hollow channel 121 that extends through the piston 12 in the sliding direction (see the direction indicated by arrow A and the opposite direction), so that the piston 12 is annular (e.g., but not limited to, a circular annulus). The cylinder 11 has a hollow channel 111 that extends through the piston 12 in the sliding direction, so that the cylinder 11 is annular (e.g., but not limited to, a circular annulus). Optionally, in Figures 4 to 7 In this example, the side walls of the piston 12 and the cylinder 11 are sealed together by a first seal 13 and a second seal 13' that are spaced apart from each other in the retraction direction of the piston 12 (see arrow A). Under the action of the first seal 13, the first control channel 11a for controlling the retraction sliding of the piston 12 and the second control channel 11b for controlling the extension sliding of the piston 12 on the cylinder 11 are sealed and separated. In addition, under the action of the second seal 13', the working medium used to drive the piston 12 to slide in the first control channel 11a is prevented from leaking to the outside. Obviously, the sealing and engagement method between the piston 12 and the cylinder 11 can be other depending on actual needs, but these are well known in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] Meanwhile, the elastic chuck 20 is used to clamp or release the workpiece 200. The elastic chuck 20 is located in both the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12 and the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder 11, as shown in the diagram. Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the end of the elastic chuck 20 away from the top structure 31 (described below) is assembled and connected to the rotation output end 41 of the rotation mechanism 40 to meet the need of the rotation mechanism 40 to drive the elastic chuck 20 to rotate.

[0049] Furthermore, the elastic collet 30 is located in both the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12 and the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder 11. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the elastic collet 30 can also be located only in the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider... Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the elastic collet 30 is sleeved on the elastic chuck 20. The elastic collet 30 is used for pushing and engaging with the elastic chuck 20. The elastic collet 30 is provided with a receiving structure 31 facing the piston 12. Correspondingly, the piston 12 is provided with a pushing structure 17 that pushes and engages with the receiving structure 31 and can rotate relative to the piston 12; alternatively, combined with Figures 4 to 6 As an example, the receiving structure 31 is a driven inclined surface that slopes towards the piston 12 along the retraction direction of the piston 12. Therefore, the driven inclined surface can also be designated as 31. The pushing structure 17 has a pushing inclined surface 171 that mates with the driven inclined surface. Through the driven inclined surface and the pushing inclined surface 171, the pushing structure 17 and the elastic collet 30 are engaged by inclined surfaces, thereby improving the smoothness and stability of the pushing structure 17 in pushing the elastic collet 30. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the pushing structure 17 and the receiving structure 31 can also be other structures. For example, the receiving structure 31 can be an inclined surface, and the pushing structure 17 can have a protrusion that mates with the inclined surface. Therefore, it is not necessary to specify the type of structure. Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The above is the limit.

[0050] The cylinder seat 50 is located in both the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder body 11 and the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12, to increase the mating dimensions between the cylinder seat 50 and the elastic collet 30 in the retraction direction of the piston 12. The cylinder seat 50 is also assembled and connected to the rotation output end 41 of the rotating mechanism 40 to meet the requirement that the rotating mechanism 40 also drives the cylinder seat 50 to rotate. The internal space 51 of the cylinder seat 50 is arranged through the piston 12 in the sliding direction, and the inner surface 52 of the cylinder seat 50 (see...) Figure 19 It has a centerline close to the seat 50 along the retraction direction of piston 12 (see...). Figure 19The inner inclined surface 521 (arranged at an inclination along the center line) is provided on the elastic collet 30, and the outer inclined surface 32 is correspondingly provided on the elastic collet 30 to be inclinedly matched with the inner inclined surface 521. See the diagram for details. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown.

[0051] Therefore, during the process of piston 12 retracting into cylinder 11, piston 12, through the pushing cooperation of push structure 17 and push-receiving structure 31, drives elastic collet 30 to move closer to the center line of elastic collet 30 (see...). Figures 4 to 6 The elastic deformation of the elastic collet 30 (within the center line) causes the outer inclined surface 32 to push against the inner inclined surface 521, thereby causing the elastic collet 30 to deform elastically closer to its center line. This, in turn, pushes the elastic chuck 20 to clamp the workpiece 200. It should be noted that the elastic deformation of the elastic collet 30 near its center line is achieved by the synchronous drive of the collet base 50 and the piston 12, making the clamping of the workpiece 200 by the elastic collet 30 more reliable. Furthermore, the cooperation of the inner inclined surface 521 of the collet base 50 and the outer inclined surface 32 of the elastic collet 30 also enables rapid center positioning.

[0052] It is worth noting that, although Figure 4 and Figure 5 The illustration shows the self-clamping rotary table 100 of this invention including a cylindrical base 50. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the self-clamping rotary table 100 of this invention can also be configured without the cylindrical base 50. Furthermore, when the elastic collet 30 is only located in the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12, since the cylindrical base 50 needs to cooperate with the elastic collet 30, the cylindrical base 50 needs to be simultaneously located in the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder 11 and the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12. When the elastic collet 30 is simultaneously located in the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12, the cylindrical base 50 can be located in the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder 11, or simultaneously in the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder 11 and the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12. In addition, in conjunction with... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As an example, the rotary mechanism 40 is located below the linear actuator 10 in the retraction direction of the piston 12. More specifically, see the description below.

[0053] Combination Figures 1 to 5As an example, the self-clamping rotary table 100 of this utility model also includes a support body 60 for supporting the cylinder 11 and the rotating mechanism 40. The cylinder 11 and the rotating mechanism 40 are assembled on the support body 60, so that the support body 60 provides unified support for the rotating mechanism 40 and the cylinder 11. Alternatively, as an example, the support body 60 includes a base 61, a cover 62 covering the base 61 in the retraction direction of the piston 12, and a cover fastener 63 that assembles the cover 62 and the base 61 together. In this case, the rotating mechanism 40 is assembled on the base 61 and closed by the base 61 and the cover 62, while the cylinder 11 is located outside the cover 62 and assembled on the cover 62. Additionally, the rotating mechanism 40 includes a rotary motor 40a and a reducer 40b that is connected to the rotary motor 40a in a transmission manner. The output end of the reducer 40b forms a rotary output end 41. Obviously, depending on actual needs, a speed increaser can be used to replace the reducer 40b so that the self-clamping rotary table 100 of this utility model can be mounted on a CNC three-axis CNC milling machine and modified into a turning and milling machine. Alternatively, the rotating mechanism 40 includes a rotary motor 40a, and correspondingly, the output end of the rotary motor 40a forms a rotary output end 41.

[0054] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, as an example, a bearing 70 is fitted between the piston 12 and the pusher structure 17. The pusher structure 17 rotates relative to the piston 12 by means of the bearing 70, thereby improving the smoothness and stability of the rotation of the pusher structure 17 relative to the piston 12. In addition, the bearing 70 also provides a pushing and pulling action during the sliding and extending of the pusher structure 17 following the piston 12. For example, the bearing 70 is preferably a rolling bearing; obviously, depending on the actual needs, the bearing 70 can also be selected from other types well known in the art. It is understood that in other embodiments, the bearing 70 may not be provided between the piston 12 and the pusher structure 17.

[0055] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, as an example, the driven inclined surface 31 is along the circumference of the elastic collet 30 (see...). Figure 15 The driven inclined plane 31 extends intermittently in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction (within the circle), meaning it is not continuous within this circle and exhibits discontinuities. Correspondingly, in Figure 7 In the middle, the jacking ramp 171 surrounds the center line of the piston 12 (see...) Figure 7 The center line of the push structure 17 extends around the center line to make the push structure 17 push the elastic collet 30 to deform elastically towards its center line more reliably, thereby improving the reliability of the elastic collet 30 pushing the elastic chuck 20 to hold the workpiece 200.

[0056] like Figure 14 and Figure 16As shown, as an example, the top structure 31 is spaced apart from the outer inclined surface 32 in the retraction direction of the piston 12. Furthermore, in... Figure 14 In this example, the outer inclined surface 32 extends intermittently around the circumference of the elastic collet 30, meaning that the outer inclined surface 32 is not continuous within this circle, but rather discontinuous; correspondingly, in Figure 17 In the example, the inner inclined surface 521 surrounds the center line of the cylinder base 40 (see...). Figure 19 The centerline of the collet 40 extends around the centerline of the collet 30 to allow the collet 40 to more reliably push the elastic collet 30 to deform elastically towards its centerline, thereby improving the reliability of the elastic collet 30 pushing the elastic chuck 20 to hold the workpiece 200. Furthermore, in... Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As an example, the cylinder base 50 is also provided with four fixing holes 58 for fixing the cylinder base 50 to the rotating output end 41. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the number of fixing holes 58 can also be two, three or five, so it is not considered that... Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, all fixing holes 58 are spaced apart from each other and arranged together around the internal space 51 of the cylinder seat 50, and all fixing holes 58 are also arranged through the piston 12 in the sliding direction; so as to fix the cylinder seat 50 to the rotary output end 41 by means of cylinder seat fasteners (not shown).

[0057] Combination Figures 1 to 7 and Figures 10 to 11 As an example, the cylinder body 11 also has a first end face 112, a second end face 113, an outer side face 114, and an inner side face 115. The first end face 112 and the second end face 113 are spaced apart in the retraction direction of the piston 12. The outer side face 114 and the inner side face 115 are both located between the first end face 112 and the second end face 113, and the piston 12 protrudes from the first end face 112 of the cylinder body 11. In addition, a first dust removal channel 116 is provided on the cylinder body 11, which simultaneously penetrates the second end face 113, the outer side face 114, and the inner side face 115 of the cylinder body 11. The cylinder seat 50 is provided with a second dust removal channel 54 that connects to and communicates with the first dust removal channel 116. The second dust removal channel 54 passes through the outer side 55, inner side 52, and first end face 57 of the cylinder seat 50. The first end face 57 is arranged on the same side as the second end face 113 of the cylinder body 11 in the retraction direction of the piston 12. For example, in Figure 6In this design, the first end face 57 of the cylinder base 50 and the second end face 113 of the cylinder body 11 are both located on the lower side. The support body 60 (specifically, the cover body 62) is engaged with the second end face 113 of the cylinder body 11, and the support body 60 (specifically, the cover body 62) also covers the first dust removal channel 116. The rotation output end 41 of the rotating mechanism 40 is engaged with the first end face 57 of the cylinder base 50, and the rotation output end 41 of the rotating mechanism 40 also covers the second dust removal channel 54. Therefore, with the cooperation of the first dust removal channel 116 and the second dust removal channel 54, dust that falls into the self-clamping rotary table 100 of this utility model during processing can be discharged. The specific structure of the first dust removal channel 116 and the second dust removal channel 54 is described below.

[0058] At Figure 10 and Figure 11 As an example, the first dust removal channel 116 includes a centerline surrounding the cylinder 11 (see [reference]). Figure 7 The cylinder body 11 has an annular groove 1161 (arranged along the center line of the cylinder) and an outer groove 1162 and an outer through hole 1163, both of which are connected to the outer side of the annular groove 1161. The annular groove 1161 penetrates the second end face 113 and the inner side face 114 of the cylinder body 11, allowing the hollow channel 111 of the cylinder body 11 to communicate with the outer groove 1162 via the annular groove 1161. The outer groove 1162 simultaneously penetrates the second end face 113 and the outer side face 115 of the cylinder body 11, and the outer through hole 1163 penetrates the outer side face 115 of the cylinder body 11. Optionally, the annular groove 1161 is arranged along the center line of the cylinder body 11, and the outer groove 1162 and outer through hole 1163 are connected to the outer side face 115 of the cylinder body 11. Figure 11 In this example, the outer discharge groove 1162 is also opposite to the outer connecting hole 1163, for example, the outer connecting hole 1163 is located on the left side of the cylinder body 11 while the outer discharge groove 1162 is located on the right side of the cylinder body 11; furthermore, the groove width D of the outer discharge groove 1162 is arranged to narrow away from the annular groove 1161; this design allows the dust-collecting gas to first enter through the small outer connecting hole 1163, and then flow along the annular groove 1161 to the large outer discharge groove 1162, thereby improving the dust collection effect. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As an example, to improve the connection between the external through-hole 1163 and the external air pipe, a dust removal external connector 119 is installed on the external through-hole 1163; additionally, Figures 4 to 7 As an example, to facilitate the docking operation of the external pipe used for conveying the working medium with the first control channel 11a and the second control channel 11b respectively, the cylinder body 11 is equipped with a first external connector 118 that docks and communicates with the first control channel 11a and a second external connector 118' that docks and communicates with the second control channel 11b; in addition, in Figures 4 to 7As an example, to facilitate the assembly of the piston 12 with the cylinder 11, the cylinder 11 is designed as two parts in the retraction direction of the piston 12. These two parts are fixed together by means of a first fastener 15. The two parts fixed together are then supported by a second fastener 16 on a carrier 60 (specifically, a cover 62). The second fastener 16 and the first fastener 15 are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 11, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. When the cylinder body 11 is designed as two parts, the two parts are sealed together by a third seal 14, as shown in the diagram. Figures 4 to 7 As shown.

[0059] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, as an example, the second dust removal channel 54 includes an annular groove 541 arranged around the center line of the cylinder seat 50 and four radial grooves 542 that are circumferentially spaced and radially arranged around the annular groove 541. The radial grooves 542 communicate with the outer side of the annular groove 541 and penetrate the first end face 57 and the outer side face 55 of the cylinder seat 50. The annular groove 541 penetrates the first end face 57 and the inner side face 52 of the cylinder seat 50. This allows the internal space 51 of the cylinder seat 50 to communicate with the annular groove 1161 through the annular groove 541 and the radial grooves 542. Therefore, the dust removal gas entering the annular groove 1161 can enter the annular groove 541 from a portion of the radial grooves 542, then flow back to the annular groove 1161 from the remaining portion of the radial grooves 542, and finally be discharged from the outer discharge groove 1162, thereby increasing the dust removal effect.

[0060] Combination Figure 8 , Figure 14 and Figure 16 As an example, the inner surface 33 of the elastic collet 30 has a first annular inner surface 331 and a second annular inner surface 332 offset outward relative to the first annular inner surface 331; correspondingly, in Figure 8 and Figure 13 In this example, the outer surface 21 of the elastic collet 20 has a first annular outer surface 211 that fits against the first annular inner surface 331 and a second annular outer surface 212 that is in clearance fit with the second annular inner surface 332. This allows the first annular inner surface 331 and the first annular outer surface 211 to form the pushing engagement point between the elastic collet 30 and the elastic collet 20, effectively reducing the influence of other positions of the elastic collet 30 on the pushing of the elastic collet 20. Furthermore, this facilitates the manufacturing and processing of the first annular inner surface 331, the second annular inner surface 332, the first annular outer surface 211, and the second annular outer surface 212. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 13 and Figure 14As an example, the first inner annular surface 331, the second inner annular surface 332, the first outer annular surface 211, and the second outer annular surface 222 are all cylindrical surfaces, which makes it easier to manufacture and process the first inner annular surface 331, the second inner annular surface 332, the first outer annular surface 211, and the second outer annular surface 212.

[0061] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, as an example, the flexible chuck 20 has an opening for the workpiece 200 (see...). Figure 5 The system includes a placement cavity 22, eight partition grooves 23 all communicating with and surrounding the placement cavity 22, and an assembly hole 24 for the elastic chuck 20 to be fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder body 11. The assembly hole 24 communicates with the placement cavity 22 in the retraction direction of the piston 12, facilitating the operator to sequentially pass the chuck fastener 26 through the placement cavity 22 and the assembly hole 24 before assembling it with the external carrier 200. Furthermore, each partition groove 23 extends to a predetermined position in the retraction direction of the piston 12, so that the entire first annular inner surface 211 and part of the second annular inner surface 212 are intermittently arranged in their respective circumferential directions, as shown in the diagram. Figure 13 As shown, that is in Figure 13 In the first annular inner surface 211, the arrangement is discontinuous in the circumferential direction, while only a portion of the second annular inner surface 212 is discontinuous in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the elastic chuck 20 forms an elastic pressure block 25 between two adjacent partition grooves 23; this design allows the elastic chuck 20 to grip the workpiece 200 in the placement cavity 22 towards the centerline of the elastic chuck 30, effectively improving the reliability of workpiece 200 gripping. It should be noted that although... Figure 12 The diagram shows eight dividing slots 23. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the number of dividing slots 23 can also be two, three, four, five, six, seven, or nine. Therefore, it is not limited to this. Figure 12 As shown.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, since the elastic collet 30 is located at least in the hollow channel 121 of the piston 12 and is sleeved on the elastic chuck 20, the elastic collet 30 is also used to push and cooperate with the elastic chuck 12. The elastic collet 30 is provided with a receiving structure 31 facing the piston 12, and the piston 12 is provided with a pushing structure 17 that pushes and cooperates with the receiving structure 31. So that during the process of the piston 12 retracting into the cylinder 11, the piston 12 drives the elastic collet 30 to make elastic deformation close to the center line of the elastic collet 30 through the pushing cooperation of the pushing structure 17 and the receiving structure 31, so that the elastic collet 30 pushes the elastic chuck 20 to clamp the workpiece 200. Therefore, the clamping of the workpiece 200 by the elastic chuck 20 does not need to slide with the piston 12, thus making it easier to control the machining accuracy of the workpiece 200. Meanwhile, since the pushing structure 17 is located on the piston 12 and the receiving structure 31 is located on the elastic collet 30, when the elastic collet 20 is replaced according to the shape of the workpiece 200 to be clamped, the continued use of the pushing structure 17 and the elastic collet 30 will not be affected, thus saving the cost of use. Furthermore, since the end of the elastic collet 20 away from the receiving structure 31 is assembled on the rotation output end 41 of the rotating mechanism 40, and the pushing structure 17 can also rotate relative to the piston 12, the rotating mechanism 40 can drive the workpiece 200 clamped by the elastic collet 20 to rotate, thus achieving high processing efficiency. As an example, the self-clamping rotary table 100 of this utility model can be installed on a polishing equipment. After the self-clamping rotary table 100 of this utility model is installed on the polishing equipment, the workpiece 200 can also rotate, and can rotate in the opposite direction to the grinding wheel. The polishing time of the workpiece 200 is shorter, and the polished surface is rounder and brighter. Alternatively, the self-clamping rotary table 100 of this utility model can be installed on a CNC three-axis CNC milling machine and modified into a turning and milling machine.

[0063] It should be noted that, as shown in the attached diagram, the linear actuator 10 can be a pneumatic cylinder; obviously, a hydraulic cylinder is chosen based on actual needs. When the piston 12 needs to extend, the working medium enters the second control channel 11b through the second external connector 118'; when the piston 12 needs to retract, the working medium enters the first control channel 11a through the first external connector 118. Furthermore, although... Figure 8 The internal space 51 of the cylinder seat 50 is shown to be arranged through the piston 12 in the sliding direction. Obviously, depending on actual needs, the internal space 51 of the cylinder seat 50 can also be arranged to penetrate the cylinder body 11 only in the extending direction of the piston 12. In this case, the elastic clamp 20 can be indirectly fixed to the rotary output end 41 by fixing it to the cylinder seat 50, or it can be directly fixed to the rotary output end 41. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider... Figure 8 The diagram is for reference only. Finally, the direction indicated by arrow A in the attached diagram is the retraction direction of piston 12, and the opposite direction indicated by arrow A in the attached diagram is the extension direction of piston 12. Correspondingly, the sliding direction of piston 12 includes both the retraction direction and the extension direction of piston 12.

[0064] The above-disclosed examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present utility model shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A self-clamping rotary table, comprising a linear actuator and an elastic chuck for clamping or releasing a workpiece, the linear actuator comprising a cylinder and a piston that is slidable and extendable relative to the cylinder, both the piston and the cylinder having a hollow channel arranged through the piston in the sliding direction, the elastic chuck being located simultaneously in the hollow channels of both the piston and the cylinder, characterized in that, The self-clamping rotary table further includes a rotating mechanism and an elastic collet located at least in the hollow channel of the piston and sleeved on the elastic chuck. The elastic collet is also used to push and engage with the elastic chuck. The elastic collet has a receiving structure facing the piston, and the piston has a pushing structure that pushes and engages with the receiving structure and can rotate relative to the piston. The rotating output end of the rotating mechanism is assembled and connected to the end of the elastic collet away from the receiving structure. The rotating mechanism is used to drive the elastic chuck to rotate. During the process of the piston retracting into the cylinder, the piston drives the elastic collet to make elastic deformation close to the center line of the elastic collet through the pushing and engaging of the pushing structure and the receiving structure, thereby pushing the elastic chuck to clamp the workpiece.

2. The self-clamping rotary table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving structure is a driven inclined surface that is inclined toward the piston along the retraction direction of the piston, and the pushing structure has a pushing inclined surface that cooperates with the driven inclined surface; the driven inclined surface extends intermittently around the circumference of the elastic collet, and the pushing inclined surface extends around the center line of the piston.

3. The self-clamping rotary table according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sleeve seat located at least in the hollow channel of the cylinder body and sleeved on the elastic collet. The sleeve seat is also assembled and connected to the rotation output end of the rotating mechanism. The internal space of the sleeve seat extends through the sleeve seat in the extension direction of the piston. The inner side of the sleeve seat has an inner inclined surface that is inclined along the retraction direction of the piston and close to the center line of the sleeve seat. The elastic collet is correspondingly provided with an outer inclined surface that is inclined to cooperate with the inner inclined surface. When the piston retracts into the cylinder body, the outer inclined surface pushes the inner inclined surface, causing the elastic collet to elastically deform close to the center line of the elastic collet.

4. The self-clamping rotary table according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supporting structure is spaced apart from the outer inclined surface in the retraction direction of the piston; the outer inclined surface extends intermittently around the circumference of the elastic collet, and the inner inclined surface extends around the center line of the collet seat.

5. The self-clamping rotary table according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a support body for supporting the cylinder and the rotating mechanism, the cylinder and the rotating mechanism being mounted on the support body; the cylinder further has a first end face and a second end face spaced apart in the retraction direction of the piston, and an outer side face and an inner side face located between the first end face and the second end face, the piston protruding from the first end face of the cylinder, and a first dust removal channel provided on the cylinder, the first dust removal channel simultaneously penetrating the second end face, the outer side face and the inner side face of the cylinder; the internal space of the cylinder seat also penetrates the cylinder seat in the retraction direction of the piston, the cylinder seat is provided with a second dust removal channel that connects and communicates with the first dust removal channel, the second dust removal channel simultaneously penetrating the outer side face, the inner side face and the first end face of the cylinder seat, the first end face being arranged on the same side as the second end face of the cylinder in the retraction direction of the piston; the support body engages with the second end face of the cylinder, and the support body also covers the first dust removal channel; the rotating output end of the rotating mechanism engages with the first end face of the cylinder seat, and the rotating output end of the rotating mechanism also covers the second dust removal channel.

6. The self-clamping rotary table according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first dust removal channel includes an annular groove arranged around the center line of the cylinder body, an outer discharge groove communicating with the outer side of the annular groove, and an outer connecting hole; the groove width of the outer discharge groove is narrowed in the direction away from the annular groove, and the outer discharge groove is also opposite to the outer connecting hole; the annular groove penetrates the second end face and the inner side of the cylinder body, the outer discharge groove simultaneously penetrates the second end face and the outer side of the cylinder body, and the outer connecting hole penetrates the outer side of the cylinder body; the second dust removal channel includes an annular groove arranged around the center line of the cylinder seat and a plurality of radial grooves spaced apart circumferentially and arranged radially in the annular groove, the radial grooves communicating with the outer side of the annular groove, the radial grooves simultaneously penetrating the first end face and the outer side of the cylinder seat, and the annular groove simultaneously penetrating the first end face and the inner side of the cylinder seat.

7. The self-clamping rotary table according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bearing is fitted between the piston and the pusher structure, and the pusher structure rotates relative to the piston by means of the bearing.

8. The self-clamping rotary table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism includes a rotary motor, the output end of which forms the rotating output end; or, the rotating mechanism includes a rotary motor and a reducer or speed increaser that is drivenly connected to the rotary motor, the output end of which forms the rotating output end.

9. The self-clamping rotary table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the elastic collet has a first annular inner side and a second annular inner side offset outward relative to the first annular inner side. The outer side of the elastic collet has a first annular outer side that fits against the first annular inner side and a second annular outer side that is in clearance fit with the second annular inner side.

10. The self-clamping rotary table according to claim 9, characterized in that, The elastic chuck has a placement cavity for placing the workpiece, multiple partition grooves that communicate with and surround the placement cavity, and an assembly hole for the elastic chuck to be fixedly assembled relative to the cylinder. The assembly hole communicates with the placement cavity in the retraction direction of the piston. Each partition groove extends to a preset position in the retraction direction of the piston, so that the entire inner surface of the first annulus and part of the inner surface of the second annulus are arranged intermittently in their respective circumferential directions. The elastic chuck forms an elastic pressure block at the position between two adjacent partition grooves. The inner surface of the first annulus, the inner surface of the second annulus, the outer surface of the first annulus, and the outer surface of the second annulus are all cylindrical surfaces.

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