A polishing device for processing building boards

Abstract

The utility model belongs to building board processing technical field especially is a kind of polishing device for building board processing, including polishing mechanism, including polishing disc and driving part;Multi-dimensional adjusting mechanism, including longitudinal adjusting unit, transverse adjusting unit and vertical adjusting unit;It further includes operation monitoring mechanism, and includes: rotary speed sensor, translation speed sensor and pressure sensor;Three-dimensional topography scanner is used to scan the surface of the board to be processed and generate real-time topography model;Control unit generates target polishing parameter based on the surface characteristics of the board to be processed and the preset polishing process database identified by three-dimensional topography scanner;Combined with the actual rotational speed of polishing disc detected by rotary speed sensor, the longitudinal actual moving speed detected by translation speed sensor and the actual pressure parameter detected by pressure sensor, the output power of driving part, the translation speed of longitudinal adjusting unit, the transverse displacement of transverse adjusting unit and the lifting height of vertical adjusting unit are dynamically adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building material processing technology, and specifically relates to a polishing device for building material processing. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of building panel processing, polishing is a key process to improve the surface smoothness and flatness of panels, and it is widely used in the finishing process of stone, wood, ceramic and other panels.

[0003] Traditional equipment relies on mechanical guide rails to move the polishing head in a planar manner to process the surface of the board. For polishing large-area boards, the position of the polishing head needs to be adjusted while it rotates to achieve overall polishing of the board. The rotational speed and moving speed of the polishing head are key parameters affecting polishing efficiency and quality. Too low a rotational speed or too high a moving speed may result in insufficient grinding, while too high a rotational speed or too low a moving speed may damage the surface of the board. Existing polishing equipment lacks the ability to monitor and dynamically adjust the rotational and moving speed of the polishing head in real time. It can only operate by using a fixed power or manually adjusting the power, which is not convenient for automatically adjusting the rotational speed and moving speed of the polishing head according to the condition of the board and makes it difficult to match the optimal process parameters in real time.

[0004] Furthermore, existing polishing equipment lacks the ability to dynamically perceive the surface morphology of the slab. For example, when processing uneven or curved slabs (such as curved decorative panels and irregularly shaped stone), the contact pressure between the polishing head and the slab surface cannot be adjusted in real time according to the local morphology (such as radius of curvature and scratch depth), leading to the following problems: excessive pressure in raised areas results in over-removal of material, and may even cause deformation or cracking of the slab; insufficient pressure in recessed areas results in incomplete polishing and substandard surface roughness. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a polishing device for processing building panels, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] This utility model provides a polishing device for processing building panels, comprising: a worktable for providing a supporting plane for the panel to be processed; a polishing mechanism including a polishing disc and a driving component, the driving component driving the polishing disc to rotate to perform surface polishing of the panel; a multi-dimensional adjustment mechanism including a longitudinal adjustment unit for driving the polishing mechanism to translate along the length direction of the worktable; a transverse adjustment unit for driving the polishing mechanism to translate along the width direction of the worktable; a vertical adjustment unit for adjusting the distance between the polishing mechanism and the surface of the panel to be processed to control the polishing pressure; and a running monitoring mechanism including: a rotation speed sensor installed at the output end of the driving component for real-time acquisition of the rotation speed parameters of the polishing disc; a translation speed sensor installed on the transmission component of the longitudinal adjustment unit for real-time acquisition of the longitudinal movement speed parameters of the polishing mechanism; and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure between the polishing disc and the panel to be processed. A 3D topography scanner, mounted at the front of the polishing disc and facing the surface of the workpiece, is used to scan the surface of the workpiece and generate a real-time topography model. A control unit, electrically connected to the rotation speed sensor, translation speed sensor, drive unit, longitudinal adjustment unit, and 3D topography scanner, is used to: generate target polishing parameters based on the surface features of the workpiece identified by the 3D topography scanner and a preset polishing process database; calculate the deviation between the actual parameters and the target parameters by combining the actual rotation speed of the polishing disc detected by the rotation speed sensor, the actual longitudinal movement speed detected by the translation speed sensor, and the actual pressure parameter detected by the pressure sensor; and dynamically adjust the output power of the drive unit, the translation speed of the longitudinal adjustment unit, the lateral displacement of the lateral adjustment unit, and the lifting height of the vertical adjustment unit according to the deviation value, so that the actual parameters approach the target parameters in real time, and control the polishing mechanism to move along the optimized polishing path.

[0007] Preferably, the longitudinal adjustment unit includes: a servo motor, fixedly mounted on the side bracket of the worktable, serving as the transmission component of the entire longitudinal adjustment unit; a lead screw, one end of which is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the servo motor via a coupling, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the worktable via a bearing seat; and a slider, threadedly connected to the lead screw, used to install the transverse adjustment unit.

[0008] Preferably, both the rotation speed sensor and the translation speed sensor are encoders.

[0009] Preferably, both the lateral adjustment unit and the vertical adjustment unit are electric push rods. The electric push rod of the lateral adjustment unit is fixed to the slider of the vertical adjustment unit, and its piston rod end is connected to the vertical adjustment unit through a hanging plate.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a fixing unit mounted on the workbench, the fixing unit comprising: Multiple vacuum suction cups are provided and installed in multiple through holes in the worktable; an air collection plate is embedded in the bottom of the worktable and connected to each vacuum suction cup through a first vacuum pipe; a vacuum pump is located below the worktable and connected to the air collection plate through a second vacuum pipe.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention is equipped with a three-dimensional topography scanner, which can perform high-precision scanning of the surface of the sheet material and generate a real-time three-dimensional topography model. Combined with built-in or external preset polishing process data, the control unit can intelligently identify the features of the sheet material surface and generate target polishing parameters accordingly. Simultaneously, based on rotational speed sensors, translational speed sensors, and pressure sensors, the rotational speed of the polishing disc, the longitudinal movement speed of the polishing mechanism, and the actual contact pressure between the polishing disc and the sheet material are acquired in real time. These sensors constitute a real-time sensing system for key dynamic parameters during the polishing process, enabling the control unit to accurately grasp the equipment's operating status and compare the real-time polishing parameters with the target polishing parameters. This allows for timely detection of problems such as speed fluctuations, uneven feed, or pressure deviations, and adjustment of the operating parameters of the drive components, longitudinal adjustment unit, lateral adjustment unit, and vertical adjustment unit. This avoids unstable polishing quality or workpiece damage caused by parameter drift, significantly improving the consistency and reliability of the polishing process. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sheet metal in the processing state of this utility model.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Worktable; 2. Polishing disc; 3. Drive unit; 4. Vertical adjustment unit; 5. Horizontal adjustment unit; 6. Vertical adjustment unit; 7. Rotation speed sensor; 8. Translation speed sensor; 9. Control unit; 10. 3D topography scanner; 11. Servo motor; 12. Lead screw; 13. Slider; 14. Pressure sensor; 15. Vacuum suction cup; 16. Gas collection plate; 17. First vacuum pipe; 18. Vacuum pump; 19. Second vacuum pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model in any way.

[0015] This utility model relates to a polishing device for processing existing building panels, which mainly includes a worktable 1 for placing the panels to be processed. A polishing mechanism is installed on the worktable 1, which includes a polishing disc 2 and a driving component 3 (motor) for driving the polishing disc 2 to rotate and perform the surface polishing operation of the panels. To improve the automation level of panel polishing, a multi-dimensional adjustment mechanism is also provided. This multi-dimensional adjustment mechanism includes a longitudinal adjustment unit 4 for driving the polishing mechanism to translate along the length direction of the worktable 1, a transverse adjustment unit 5 for driving the polishing mechanism to translate along the width direction of the worktable 1, and a vertical adjustment unit 6 for adjusting the distance between the polishing mechanism and the surface of the panels to be processed, thereby controlling the polishing pressure. In use, the longitudinal adjustment unit 4 and the transverse adjustment unit 5 are adjusted accordingly. With the cooperation of adjustment unit 5, the position of the polishing mechanism is adjusted so that the polishing disc 2 is located at the starting edge of the board. Then, the distance between the polishing disc 2 and the surface of the board to be processed is adjusted by vertical adjustment unit 6 so that the polishing disc 2 can contact the surface of the board to be processed. The polishing disc 2 is driven to rotate by drive component 3 to achieve partial polishing of the board to be processed. Then, under the action of longitudinal adjustment unit 4, the polishing mechanism is driven to move along the length direction of worktable 1 to complete the polishing of a part of the board. Then, under the action of transverse adjustment unit 5, the polishing mechanism is driven to move to the side away from the polished part so that the polishing disc 2 is aligned with the unpolished part. This process is repeated to achieve overall polishing of the board. The above is an introduction to the existing polishing device for processing building boards.

[0016] As can be seen from the above, existing polishing devices for processing building panels have the following defects when in use: traditional devices only achieve planar movement of the polishing head through mechanical slide rails, and cannot dynamically adjust the polishing pressure according to the surface morphology of the panel (such as concavity and curvature), which easily leads to local over-polishing or under-polishing; the polishing speed and pressure rely on manual preset, lack a real-time feedback mechanism, and are difficult to adapt to the process differences of different materials (such as high-hardness granite and soft aluminum plates); the fixed speed drive mode causes the motor to run under high load for a long time, and cannot intelligently start and stop according to the processing progress, resulting in energy waste. Based on the above problems, this utility model adopts the following improvement method to solve them.

[0017] like Figure 1-5As shown, a polishing device for processing building panels, based on existing technology, has a three-dimensional topography scanner 10 installed at the front end of the polishing disc 2 facing the surface of the panel to be processed. This scanner scans the surface of the panel and generates a real-time topography model, acquiring point cloud data of the panel surface. A control unit 9 and a running detection mechanism are also installed. The control unit 9 identifies the planar, curved, and edge features of the panel surface based on the aforementioned point cloud data and generates polishing pressure and path parameters for the corresponding areas. The running detection mechanism detects the operating status of the polishing mechanism and specifically includes a rotation speed sensor 7, a translation speed sensor 8, and a pressure sensor 14. The rotation speed sensor 7 is installed at the output end of the drive unit 3 to acquire the rotation speed parameters of the polishing disc 2 in real time. The translation speed sensor 8 is installed on the transmission component of the longitudinal adjustment unit 4 to acquire the longitudinal movement speed parameters of the polishing mechanism in real time. Figure 1As shown, the pressure sensor 14 is located at the connection between the vertical adjustment unit 6 and the drive unit 3. It is used to detect the pressure between the polishing disc 2 and the material to be processed. The pressure sensor 14 adopts the Honeywell SSC series (such as SSCDANN150PGAA5), with a resolution of 0.1N. It can compensate for the unevenness of the material surface (such as ±2mm height difference) in real time, ensuring that the contact pressure between the polishing disc 2 and the material is constant within the preset value of ±5%, avoiding the deformation of the material due to excessive pressure or the low polishing efficiency due to insufficient pressure. When the pressure exceeds the safety threshold, the control unit 9 immediately triggers the vertical adjustment unit 6 to lift the polishing disc 2, preventing damage to the material or equipment and reducing the failure rate by 80%. The control unit 9 is electrically connected to the rotation speed sensor 7, the translation speed sensor 8, the drive unit 3, the longitudinal adjustment unit 4, and the 3D topography scanner 10. It is used to generate target polishing parameters based on the surface features of the material to be processed and the preset polishing process database identified by the 3D topography scanner 10. Combining the actual rotation speed of the polishing disc 2 detected by the rotation speed sensor 7, the actual longitudinal movement speed detected by the translation speed sensor 8, and the actual pressure parameter detected by the pressure sensor 14, the deviation between the actual parameters and the target parameters is calculated. Based on the deviation value, the output power of the drive unit 3 and the translation speed of the longitudinal adjustment unit 4 are dynamically adjusted. The lateral displacement of the horizontal adjustment unit 5 and the lifting height of the vertical adjustment unit 6 are adjusted to make the actual parameters approach the target parameters in real time, and control the polishing mechanism to move along the optimized polishing path. There is no need to manually input the information of the material to be processed before polishing. The 3D topography scanner 10 is a laser scanner or a structured light scanner with a scanning frequency ≥10Hz and a resolution ≤0.1mm. The 3D topography scanner 10 adopts low-density scanning during the polishing process to track local topographic changes in real time. It can detect the scratch depth, hole location or warping deformation area on the surface of the material. The control unit 9 automatically adjusts the polishing path according to the feature type (such as avoiding severely defective areas) or adjusts the pressure and speed for defective parts (such as increasing the number of local polishing times for scratched areas), improving the finished product qualification rate to over 95%.

[0018] In this technical solution, the longitudinal adjustment unit includes a servo motor 11 fixedly mounted on the side bracket of the worktable 1, serving as the transmission component of the entire longitudinal adjustment unit 4. One end of the servo motor 11 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 11 via a coupling, and the other end is rotatably connected to the worktable 1 via a bearing seat. A slider 13, threadedly connected to the slider 12, is used to mount the transverse adjustment unit 5. The closed-loop control of the servo motor 11 and the slider 12, combined with the speed detection of the translation speed sensor 8 (both the translation speed sensor 8 and the rotation speed sensor 7 are encoders with a resolution ≥1000 pulses / revolution, and the translation speed sensor 8 is mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor 11), achieves micron-level displacement accuracy, which is significantly improved compared to traditional belt drives or gear drives. The rack and pinion structure reduces the longitudinal positioning error to within ±0.05mm, meeting the polishing requirements of high-precision building materials (such as optical glass and precision ceramics). When the servo motor 11 is running, it drives the lead screw 12 to rotate, which in turn drives the slider 13 to move along the lead screw 12 and with the side bracket as the guide rail, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the polishing mechanism. Both the horizontal adjustment unit 5 and the vertical adjustment unit 6 adopt electric push rods. The electric push rods integrate linear motion functions, eliminating the need for components such as oil cylinders and air tanks in traditional hydraulic / pneumatic systems, reducing the device size by 40%, and shortening the push rod extension / retraction response time to within 0.2 seconds, thereby realizing rapid pressure adjustment. The electric push rod of the horizontal adjustment unit 5 is fixed on the slider 13 of the vertical adjustment unit 4, and its piston rod end is connected to the vertical adjustment unit 6 through a hanging plate.

[0019] Furthermore, such as Figure 2-4 As shown, to improve polishing precision during sheet metal processing, a fixing unit is installed on the worktable 1. This fixing unit includes multiple vacuum suction cups 15, each installed within a series of through-holes on the worktable 1. A gas collection plate 16 is installed at the bottom of the worktable 1. The gas collection plate 16 is connected to each vacuum suction cup 15 via a first vacuum pipe 17, and further connected to a vacuum pump 18 installed below the worktable 1 via a second vacuum pipe 19. When the vacuum pump 18 operates, it creates negative pressure within the gas collection plate 16 via the second vacuum pipe 19, which in turn creates negative pressure within the vacuum suction cups 15 via the first vacuum pipe 17. This negative pressure then adsorbs and fixes the sheet metal on the worktable 1 through the through-holes. The vacuum pump 18 can be started and stopped quickly to adsorb / release the sheet metal, reducing the loading and unloading time for a single sheet metal to less than 5 seconds. Compared to bolt fixing or magnetic clamps, this significantly improves operational efficiency. In practical use, the position and number of vacuum suction cups 15 can be adjusted according to requirements (the material and size of the sheet metal to be processed).

[0020] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Specific examples have been used in this document to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The above examples are merely to aid in understanding the method and core ideas of this utility model. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be pointed out that, due to the limitations of written expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For those skilled in the art, several improvements, modifications, or variations can be made without departing from the principles of this utility model, and the above technical features can be combined in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, variations, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A polishing device for processing building panels, comprising: The workbench (1) is used to provide a supporting surface for the sheet metal to be processed; The polishing mechanism includes a polishing disc (2) and a drive (3), the drive (3) being used to drive the polishing disc (2) to rotate in order to perform a polishing operation on the surface of the sheet metal; Multidimensional adjustment mechanism, including: The longitudinal adjustment unit (4) is used to drive the polishing mechanism to translate along the length direction of the worktable (1); A lateral adjustment unit (5) is used to drive the polishing mechanism to translate along the width direction of the worktable (1); The vertical adjustment unit (6) is used to adjust the distance between the polishing mechanism and the surface of the plate to be processed, so as to control the polishing pressure; Its characteristic is that it also includes: Operational monitoring agencies, including: A rotation speed sensor (7) is installed at the output end of the drive unit (3) to obtain the rotation speed parameters of the polishing disk (2) in real time. Translation speed sensor (8), installed on the transmission component of the longitudinal adjustment unit (4), is used to acquire the longitudinal movement speed parameters of the polishing mechanism in real time; Pressure sensor (14) is used to detect the pressure between the polishing disc (2) and the workpiece. A three-dimensional topography scanner (10) is installed at the front end of the polishing disc (2) and facing the surface of the plate to be processed. It is used to scan the surface of the plate to be processed and generate a real-time topography model. The control unit (9) is electrically connected to the rotation speed sensor (7), translation speed sensor (8), drive unit (3), longitudinal adjustment unit (4), and three-dimensional topography scanner (10), respectively, for: Based on the three-dimensional topography scanner (10), the surface features of the plate to be processed and the preset polishing process database are identified, and the target polishing parameters are generated. The deviation between the actual parameters and the target parameters is calculated by combining the actual rotational speed of the polishing disc (2) detected by the rotational speed sensor (7), the actual longitudinal movement speed detected by the translational speed sensor (8), and the actual pressure parameter detected by the pressure sensor (14). Based on the deviation value, the output power of the drive unit (3), the translation speed of the longitudinal adjustment unit (4), the lateral displacement of the transverse adjustment unit (5), and the lifting height of the vertical adjustment unit (6) are dynamically adjusted so that the actual parameters approach the target parameters in real time, and the polishing mechanism is controlled to move along the optimized polishing path.

2. The polishing device for processing building panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal adjustment unit (4) includes: The servo motor (11) is fixedly mounted on the side bracket of the worktable (1) and serves as the transmission component of the entire longitudinal adjustment unit (4). The lead screw (12) has one end coaxially connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (11) via a coupling, and the other end is rotatably connected to the worktable (1) via a bearing seat; The slider (13) is threaded to the lead screw (12) and is used to install the lateral adjustment unit (5).

3. The polishing device for processing building panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the rotation speed sensor (7) and the translation speed sensor (8) are encoders.

4. The polishing device for processing building panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the lateral adjustment unit (5) and the vertical adjustment unit (6) are electric push rods. The electric push rod of the lateral adjustment unit (5) is fixed on the slider (13) of the longitudinal adjustment unit (4), and its piston rod end is connected to the vertical adjustment unit (6) through a hanging plate.

5. A polishing device for processing building panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing unit mounted on the workbench (1), the fixing unit comprising: Multiple vacuum suction cups (15) are provided and are respectively installed in multiple through holes opened in the worktable (1); The gas collection plate (16) is embedded in the bottom of the workbench (1) and is connected to each vacuum suction cup (15) through the first vacuum pipe (17); A vacuum pump (18) is located below the workbench (1) and is connected to the gas collection plate (16) via a second vacuum pipe (19).

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