3D printer intelligent self-adaptive feeding mechanism and 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of 3D printer intelligent self-adapting feeding mechanism and 3D printer, including power mechanism and pressure regulating mechanism;Power mechanism includes driving wheel, driving wheel connection drive motor, to output feed driving force;Pressure regulating mechanism includes driven bearing, slider, lead screw and servo motor, driven bearing and driving wheel are connected by outer circumferential surface and wire static friction to realize synchronous rotation, and rotationally connected with slider;Lead screw is connected with slider thread transmission, and one end is connected with the rotor of servo motor;Servo motor is installed on the 3D printer rack, and slider is slidably connected with the slide rail provided on the 3D printer rack, and the slide rail is arranged in parallel with lead screw;Pressure sensor is arranged between driven bearing and slider, for obtaining the radial pressure of driven bearing;Servo motor drives slider to change the pressure of extruding wire between driven bearing and driving wheel by lead screw. Compatibility and feeding stability of feeding mechanism to different materials, different diameter wires are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of 3D printing equipment technology, specifically to an intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for a 3D printer and a 3D printer. Background Technology

[0002] Existing 3D printer feeding mechanisms (such as the flexible and rigid feeding mechanisms disclosed in CN208841860U) have the following three main defects:

[0003] 1. The flexible feeding mechanism's elastic sleeve and the rigid feeding mechanism's knurling wheel are both fixed structures, making it impossible to adjust the contact pressure according to the hardness differences of the filament material (such as PLA, ABS, TPU). This results in soft filaments being prone to deformation and hard filaments being prone to slippage. For example, when printing TPU soft filaments, the fixed pressure of the traditional flexible feeding mechanism will cause the filament to be squeezed and deformed by the elastic sleeve, leading to blockage of the feeding channel. When printing PETG hard filaments, insufficient fixed pressure will cause the filament to slip between the filament and the sleeve, resulting in inaccurate feeding and ultimately affecting printing accuracy.

[0004] 2. It can only support a single or a few specifications of wire diameter. When changing to different diameter wires, it is necessary to manually disassemble and adjust the wheel spacing, which is cumbersome and the accuracy is difficult to guarantee.

[0005] 3. The lack of cable condition monitoring and abnormal protection design means that problems such as cable blockage and wear can only be discovered after printing failure, resulting in material waste.

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, it is necessary to design an intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism that can dynamically adjust parameters based on wire characteristics, is compatible with multiple wire specifications, and possesses basic protective functions, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on the above, an intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers is provided, which can achieve pressure adaptation for multi-material filaments, is suitable for stable feeding of 3D printing filaments of different materials and diameters, and obtains basic fault protection functions.

[0008] A smart adaptive feeding mechanism for a 3D printer includes a power mechanism and a pressure regulating mechanism. The power mechanism includes a drive wheel connected to a feeding drive motor to output feeding driving force. The pressure regulating mechanism includes a driven bearing, a slider, a lead screw, and a servo motor. The driven bearing and the drive wheel are connected to the filament via static friction on their outer circumferential surfaces to achieve synchronous rotation, and are rotatably connected to the slider. The lead screw is threadedly connected to the slider, and one end is connected to the rotor of the servo motor. The servo motor is mounted on the frame of the 3D printer. The slider is slidably connected to a slide rail on the 3D printer frame, and the slide rail is parallel to the lead screw. A pressure sensor is provided between the driven bearing and the slider to acquire the radial pressure of the driven bearing. The servo motor drives the slider to slide on the slide rail or generate a sliding tendency through the lead screw, changing the pressure of the filament being squeezed between the driven bearing and the drive wheel. This configuration enables pressure adaptation for multi-material filaments, improving filament compatibility and allowing for stable feeding of 3D printing filaments of different materials and diameters. At the same time, because the feeding process is effectively guaranteed, it reduces the occurrence of material chipping, material wear, and deformation due to excessive pressure. This enables the intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism of this application and the 3D printer using the intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism of this application to obtain basic fault protection functions.

[0009] In one embodiment, a filament characteristic sensing module is further included; the filament characteristic sensing module is fixedly connected to the frame of the 3D printer; the filament characteristic sensing module is used to acquire information on filament hardness, and / or diameter, and / or surface wear.

[0010] In one embodiment, the wire characteristic sensing module is located on the side where the drive wheel and the driven bearing are discharging material.

[0011] In one embodiment, the filament characteristic sensing module includes an ultrasonic hardness sensor, a first laser diameter measuring instrument, a second laser diameter measuring instrument, and a camera. The ultrasonic hardness sensor and the first laser diameter measuring instrument are positioned on the feeding side of the drive wheel and the driven bearing, respectively, to acquire the hardness and diameter of the 3D printed filament. The second laser diameter measuring instrument and the camera are positioned on the discharge side of the drive wheel and the driven bearing, respectively, to acquire the diameter and surface wear image of the discharged filament. This configuration allows for monitoring of filament wear, reducing printing failures caused by material issues during feeding, and reducing material waste by 55%-60%.

[0012] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic hardness sensor is an ultrasonic hardness sensor with a monitoring accuracy of ±2 Shore A; the first laser diameter measuring instrument and the second laser diameter measuring instrument are laser diameter measuring instruments with a measurement range of 1.5 mm to 3.2 mm and an accuracy of ±0.01 mm; the camera is a surface wear camera with a recognition accuracy of 0.05 mm.

[0013] In one embodiment, a central controller is also included, which is connected to the feed drive motor, servo motor, ultrasonic hardness sensor, first laser diameter measuring instrument, second laser diameter measuring instrument and camera respectively; the central controller is used to perform comprehensive data processing on each motor and sensor and send control commands.

[0014] In one embodiment, the central controller is used to issue torque or speed adjustment commands to the servo motor and / or the feed drive motor based on data information acquired by the ultrasonic hardness sensor, and / or the first laser diameter measuring instrument, the second laser diameter measuring instrument, and / or the camera.

[0015] In one embodiment, the central controller employs an STM32H743 microcontroller.

[0016] In one embodiment, the servo motor is a miniature brushless servo motor. This configuration allows for an adjustment range of 5N-20N with an accuracy of ±0.1N.

[0017] In one embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the drive wheel is provided with an annular elastic sleeve in the circumferential direction to increase the contact area between the drive wheel and the printing filament; the outer circumferential surface of the driven bearing is provided with an annular groove in the circumferential direction to limit the printing filament. In this embodiment, the driven bearing is typically made of a rigid material.

[0018] In one embodiment, the annular elastic sleeve is a radially gradient hardness elastic sleeve.

[0019] In one embodiment, the Shore hardness of the gradient hardness elastic sleeve is in the range of 60A-90A, and the depth of the variable diameter anti-slip texture is in the range of 0.3mm-0.5mm.

[0020] In one embodiment, the inner layer (fitting the drive wheel) of the gradient hardness elastic sleeve has a hardness of 85-90 Shore A, ensuring a tighter interference fit with the drive wheel. Even with high-speed rotation of the drive wheel, the sleeve will not experience "relative slippage" or "edge wrinkling," ensuring stable torque transmission to the wire. The outer layer (contacting the wire) has a hardness of 60-75 Shore A, providing good elasticity. For soft wires (such as TPU, 60-70 Shore A), the outer layer can deform slightly, increasing the contact area and preventing excessive local pressure that could cause wire deformation. For hard wires (such as ABS, 80-90 Shore A), the elastic deformation of the outer layer can fill tiny scratches on the wire surface, increasing friction and preventing slippage. In this embodiment, experimental verification shows that an inner layer hardness of 85-90 Shore A allows the drive wheel to operate at speeds up to 3000 rpm without "relative slippage" or "edge wrinkling." The outer layer deformation is 0.1-0.2 mm. The friction force on the wire is increased by more than 30% compared to a single hardness rubber sleeve, and the coefficient of friction can be increased from 0.3 to 0.45.

[0021] In one embodiment, the gradual hardness design of the middle layer, such as an 85→80→75 Shore A design from the inside out, can eliminate the "stress concentration" caused by the sudden change in hardness between the inner and outer layers, and prevent "delamination and cracking" of the sleeve after long-term use. This design can reduce the cracking rate of the hardness sleeve to below 3% (compared to approximately 15% for traditional single-hardness sleeves), extending its service life to over 300 hours (compared to approximately 200 hours for traditional sleeves).

[0022] The aforementioned intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers, through a variable pressure adjustment mechanism, enables it to support filaments with diameters from 1.75mm to 3.0mm and mainstream materials such as PLA, ABS, and TPU, improving filament compatibility and eliminating the need for frequent replacement of wheel sets or guide components, thus increasing switching efficiency by 80%. Furthermore, dynamic pressure compensation is achieved through the variable pressure adjustment mechanism, reducing feed rate deviation from ±5% of traditional mechanisms to ±1.5%, and improving the dimensional accuracy of printed parts by 30%.

[0023] Based on the above, this application also provides a 3D printer.

[0024] A 3D printer includes a printer body, a nozzle assembly, and the intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism described in any of the above embodiments; the discharge end of the intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism is connected to the nozzle assembly via a heat-resistant conduit; the printer body is provided with the slide rail. This configuration enables pressure adaptation for multi-material filaments, improving filament compatibility and allowing for stable feeding of 3D printing filaments of different materials and diameters. Simultaneously, because the feeding process is effectively guaranteed, issues such as material chipping, material wear, and deformation due to excessive pressure are reduced, enabling the 3D printer of this application to possess basic fault protection functions.

[0025] In one embodiment, an infrared congestion sensor is also included; the infrared congestion sensor is fixedly connected to the printer body; the infrared congestion sensor is used to detect whether the filament stops while moving in a preset output direction. This configuration avoids printing failures due to feeding malfunctions, reducing material waste by 60%.

[0026] The aforementioned 3D printer, through a variable pressure adjustment mechanism, enables its intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism to support filaments with diameters from 1.75mm to 3.0mm and mainstream materials such as PLA, ABS, and TPU, improving filament compatibility and eliminating the need for frequent changes to wheel sets or guide components, thus increasing switching efficiency by 80%. Furthermore, dynamic pressure compensation is achieved through the variable pressure adjustment mechanism, reducing feed rate deviation from ±5% of traditional mechanisms to ±1.5%, and improving the dimensional accuracy of printed parts by 30%. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for a 3D printer provided in one or more embodiments;

[0028] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the sensor layout positions for an intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism of a 3D printer provided in one or more embodiments;

[0029] Figure 3 : A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the radial gradient hardness elastic rubber sleeve of the drive wheel provided in one or more embodiments.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100. Drive wheel; 110. Radial gradient hardness elastic sleeve; 111. Inner layer; 112. Outer layer; 113. Middle layer; 210. Driven bearing; 211. Circular groove; 220. Slider; 230. Lead screw; 310. Drive motor; 320. Servo motor; 330. Slide rail; 341. First bearing seat; 342. Second bearing seat; 410. First laser diameter measuring instrument; 420. Second laser diameter measuring instrument; 500. Ultrasonic hardness sensor; 600. Camera; 700. Infrared blocking sensor; 800. Wire. Detailed Implementation

[0031] In this patent document, the following is discussed Figure 1-3 The various embodiments used to describe the principles or methods of this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure in any way. Preferred embodiments of this disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, detailed descriptions of well-known functions or configurations will be omitted to avoid obscuring the subject matter of this disclosure with unnecessary detail. Furthermore, the terminology used herein will be defined according to the functional definitions of the invention. Therefore, the terminology may vary depending on the intention or usage of the user or operator. Consequently, the terminology used herein must be understood based on the descriptions made herein.

[0032] A smart adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers, such as Figure 1As shown, the system includes a power mechanism and a pressure regulating mechanism. The power mechanism includes a drive wheel 100, which connects to a feed drive motor 310 to output feed driving force. The pressure regulating mechanism includes a driven bearing 210, a slider 220, a lead screw 230, and a servo motor 320. The driven bearing 210 and the drive wheel 100 are connected to the filament via static friction on their outer circumferential surfaces to achieve synchronous rotation, and are rotatably connected to the slider 220. The lead screw 230 is threadedly connected to the slider 220, and one end is connected to the rotor of the servo motor 320. The servo motor 320 is mounted on the frame of the 3D printer. The slider 220 is slidably connected to a slide rail 330 on the 3D printer frame, and the slide rail 330 is parallel to the lead screw 230. A pressure sensor is installed between the driven bearing 210 and the slider 220 to acquire the radial pressure of the driven bearing 210. The servo motor 320 drives the slider 220 to slide or tend to slide on the slide rail 330 via the lead screw 230, changing the pressure of the filament being extruded between the driven bearing 210 and the driving wheel 100. In this embodiment, one end of the lead screw 230 is rotatably connected to the first bearing seat 341, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat 342. The first bearing seat 341 and the second bearing seat 342 are used to mount the lead screw 230 and define its position. The first bearing seat 341 and the second bearing seat 342 are fixedly mounted on the frame of the 3D printer. This configuration enables pressure adaptation for filaments of various materials, improves filament compatibility, and allows for stable feeding of 3D printing filaments of different materials and diameters. Simultaneously, because the feeding process is effectively guaranteed, issues such as material chipping, material wear, and deformation due to excessive pressure are reduced. This provides the intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism of this application and the 3D printer using this intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism with basic fault protection functions.

[0033] In one embodiment, a filament characteristic sensing module is also included. The filament characteristic sensing module is fixedly connected to the frame of the 3D printer. The filament characteristic sensing module is used to acquire information on filament hardness, and / or diameter, and / or surface wear.

[0034] In one embodiment, the wire characteristic sensing module is located on the side where the drive wheel 100 and the driven bearing 210 are discharging material.

[0035] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the filament characteristic sensing module includes an ultrasonic hardness sensor 500, a first laser diameter measuring instrument 410, a second laser diameter measuring instrument 420, and a camera 600. The ultrasonic hardness sensor 500 and the first laser diameter measuring instrument 410 are positioned on the feeding side of the drive wheel 100 and the driven bearing 210, respectively, to acquire the hardness and diameter of the 3D printed filament. The second laser diameter measuring instrument 420 and the camera 600 are positioned on the discharging side of the drive wheel 100 and the driven bearing 210, respectively, to acquire the diameter and surface wear image of the discharging filament. This configuration allows for monitoring of filament wear, reducing printing failures caused by material issues during feeding, and reducing material waste by 55%-60%.

[0036] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic hardness sensor 500 employs an ultrasonic hardness sensor 500 with a monitoring accuracy of ±2 Shore A. The first laser diameter measuring instrument 410 and the second laser diameter measuring instrument 420 employ laser diameter measuring instruments with a measurement range of 1.5 mm to 3.2 mm and an accuracy of ±0.01 mm. The camera 600 employs a surface wear camera 600 with a recognition accuracy of 0.05 mm.

[0037] In one embodiment, a central controller (not shown) is also included, which is connected to the feed drive motor 310, the servo motor 320, the ultrasonic hardness sensor 500, the first laser diameter measuring instrument 410, the second laser diameter measuring instrument 420, and the camera 600. The central controller is used to perform comprehensive data processing on each motor and sensor and send control commands.

[0038] In one embodiment, the central controller is used to issue torque or speed adjustment commands to the servo motor 320 and / or the feed drive motor 310 based on data information acquired by the ultrasonic hardness sensor 500, and / or the first laser diameter measuring instrument 410, the second laser diameter measuring instrument 420, and / or the camera 600.

[0039] In one embodiment, the central controller employs an STM32H743 microcontroller.

[0040] In one embodiment, the servo motor 320 is a miniature brushless servo motor 320. With this configuration, the adjustment range can reach 5N-20N, with an accuracy of ±0.1N.

[0041] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 Figure 3As shown, the outer circumferential surface of the drive wheel 100 is provided with an annular elastic sleeve in the circumferential direction to increase the contact area between the drive wheel 100 and the printing filament. The outer circumferential surface of the driven bearing 210 is provided with an annular groove 211 in the circumferential direction to limit the printing filament. In this embodiment, the driven bearing 210 is typically made of a rigid material.

[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the annular elastic sleeve adopts a radial gradient hardness elastic sleeve 110.

[0043] In one embodiment, the Shore hardness of the gradient hardness elastic sleeve ranges from 60A to 90A, and the depth of the variable diameter anti-slip texture ranges from 0.3mm to 0.5mm.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inner layer 111 (fitting the drive wheel 100) of the gradient hardness elastic sleeve has a hardness of 85-90 Shore A, making the interference fit with the drive wheel 100 tighter. Even if the drive wheel 100 rotates at high speed, the sleeve will not experience "relative slippage" or "edge wrinkling," ensuring stable torque transmission to the wire. The outer layer 112 (contacting the wire) has a hardness of 60-75 Shore A, giving it good elasticity. For soft wires (such as TPU, 60-70 Shore A), the outer layer 112 can deform slightly, increasing the contact area and preventing excessive local pressure from causing wire deformation. For hard wires (such as ABS, 80-90 Shore A), the elastic deformation of the outer layer 112 can fill tiny scratches on the wire surface, increasing friction and preventing slippage. In this embodiment, experimental verification shows that the inner layer 111, with a hardness of 85-90 Shore A, allows the drive wheel 100 to reach speeds of up to 3000 rpm without experiencing "relative slippage" or "edge wrinkling." The outer layer 112 has a deformation of 0.1-0.2 mm. The frictional force on the wire is increased by more than 30% compared to a single-hardness rubber sleeve, and the coefficient of friction can be increased from 0.3 to 0.45.

[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the gradual hardness design of the middle layer 113, such as a design from the inside to the outside of 85→80→75 Shore A, can eliminate the "stress concentration" caused by the sudden change in hardness between the inner and outer layers 112, and prevent "delamination and cracking" of the rubber sleeve after long-term use. This design can reduce the cracking rate of the hardness rubber sleeve to below 3% (the cracking rate of traditional single-hardness rubber sleeves is about 15%), and extend the service life to more than 300 hours (compared to about 200 hours for traditional rubber sleeves).

[0046] The aforementioned intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers, through a variable pressure adjustment mechanism, enables it to support filaments with diameters from 1.75mm to 3.0mm and mainstream materials such as PLA, ABS, and TPU, improving filament compatibility and eliminating the need for frequent replacement of wheel sets or guide components, thus increasing switching efficiency by 80%. Furthermore, dynamic pressure compensation is achieved through the variable pressure adjustment mechanism, reducing feed rate deviation from ±5% of traditional mechanisms to ±1.5%, and improving the dimensional accuracy of printed parts by 30%.

[0047] Based on the above, this application also provides a 3D printer.

[0048] A 3D printer includes a printer body, a nozzle assembly, and an intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism as described in any of the above embodiments. The discharge end of the intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism is connected to the nozzle assembly via a heat-resistant conduit. A slide rail 330 is provided on the printer body. In this embodiment, one end of a lead screw 230 is rotatably connected to a first bearing seat 341, and the other end is rotatably connected to a second bearing seat 342. The first bearing seat 341 and the second bearing seat 342 are used to mount the lead screw 230 and define its position. The first bearing seat 341 and the second bearing seat 342 are fixedly mounted on the frame of the 3D printer. This configuration enables pressure adaptation for multi-material filaments, improves filament compatibility, and allows for stable feeding of 3D printing filaments of different materials and diameters. Simultaneously, because the feeding process is effectively guaranteed, issues such as material chipping, material wear, and deformation due to excessive pressure are reduced, enabling the 3D printer of this application to possess basic fault protection functions.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, it also includes an infrared congestion sensor 700. The infrared congestion sensor 700 is fixedly connected to the printer body. The infrared congestion sensor 700 is used to detect whether the filament stops while moving in the preset output direction. This setting can avoid printing failures caused by feeding failures, reducing material waste by 60%.

[0050] The aforementioned 3D printer, through a variable pressure adjustment mechanism, enables its intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism to support filaments with diameters from 1.75mm to 3.0mm and mainstream materials such as PLA, ABS, and TPU, improving filament compatibility and eliminating the need for frequent changes to wheel sets or guide components, thus increasing switching efficiency by 80%. Furthermore, dynamic pressure compensation is achieved through the variable pressure adjustment mechanism, reducing feed rate deviation from ±5% of traditional mechanisms to ±1.5%, and improving the dimensional accuracy of printed parts by 30%.

[0051] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A smart adaptive feeding mechanism for a 3D printer, characterized in that, Including the power mechanism and pressure regulation mechanism; The power mechanism includes a drive wheel, which is used to connect to a feed drive motor to output a feed driving force; The pressure adjustment mechanism includes a driven bearing, a slider, a lead screw, and a servo motor. The driven bearing and the driving wheel are connected to the wire via static friction through their outer circumferential surfaces to achieve synchronous rotation, and are rotatably connected to the slider. The lead screw is threadedly connected to the slider, and one end is connected to the rotor of the servo motor. The servo motor is mounted on the frame of the 3D printer, and the slider is slidably connected to a slide rail on the 3D printer frame. The slide rail is parallel to the lead screw. A pressure sensor is provided between the driven bearing and the slider to obtain the radial pressure of the driven bearing; The servo motor drives the slider via the lead screw to change the pressure of the extruded wire between the driven bearing and the driving wheel.

2. The intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a wire characteristic sensing module; The wire characteristic sensing module is fixedly connected to the frame of the 3D printer; The wire characteristic sensing module is used to obtain information on wire hardness, and / or diameter, and / or surface wear.

3. The intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wire characteristic sensing module includes an ultrasonic hardness sensor, a first laser diameter measuring instrument, a second laser diameter measuring instrument, and a camera; The ultrasonic hardness sensor and the first laser diameter measuring instrument are located on the feeding side of the drive wheel and the driven bearing, respectively, and are used to obtain the hardness and diameter of the 3D printing filament. The second laser diameter measuring instrument and the camera are located on the side of the drive wheel and the driven bearing where the material is discharged, and are used to obtain the diameter and surface wear image of the discharged wire, respectively.

4. The intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a central controller, which is connected to the feed drive motor, servo motor, ultrasonic hardness sensor, first laser diameter measuring instrument, second laser diameter measuring instrument and camera respectively; the central controller is used to perform comprehensive data processing and send control commands to each motor and sensor.

5. The intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The servo motor is a miniature brushless servo motor.

6. The intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the drive wheel is provided with an annular elastic sleeve in the circumferential direction to increase the contact area between the drive wheel and the printing line. The outer circumferential surface of the driven bearing is provided with an annular groove in the circumferential direction, which serves to limit the printing wire.

7. The intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The annular elastic sleeve is a radially gradient hardness elastic sleeve.

8. The intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism for 3D printers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The Shore hardness range of the gradient hardness elastic rubber sleeve is 60A-90A, and the depth range of the variable diameter anti-slip texture is 0.3mm-0.5mm.

9. A 3D printer, characterized in that, The printer includes a printer body, a printhead assembly, and a 3D printer intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-8; the discharge end of the intelligent adaptive feeding mechanism is connected to the printhead assembly via a heat-resistant conduit; the printer body is provided with the slide rail.

10. The 3D printer according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes an infrared blocking sensor; The infrared blockage sensor is fixedly connected to the printer body; The infrared blockage sensor is used to detect whether the wire stops while moving in the preset exit direction.

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