A decentralized integrated device for rural domestic sewage

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of decentralized rural domestic sewage integrated device, it is related to sewage treatment technical field.The integrated device includes: filter structure;Sewage regulating tank;A / O biological treatment tank, inside is provided with proton exchange membrane, it is separated into independent anaerobic treatment area and aerobic treatment area, anaerobic treatment area is connected with the effluent outlet of sewage regulating tank;Wherein, anaerobic treatment area and aerobic treatment area are connected by pipeline, pipeline is provided with first valve;Filter disinfection treatment structure, its import is connected with aerobic treatment area;And power generation structure, including anode electrode, cathode electrode, direct current converter and energy storage battery pack, anode electrode is set in anaerobic treatment area, cathode electrode is set in aerobic treatment area, anode electrode and cathode electrode are electrically connected by direct current converter, energy storage battery pack is connected with direct current converter cooperation.This application's bioelectrochemical system power generation structure can recycle part of energy in processing, reduce external electric energy dependence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and more specifically, to a decentralized integrated device for rural domestic wastewater treatment. Background Technology

[0002] Rural domestic sewage refers to wastewater generated during the daily lives of rural residents, primarily originating from kitchen cooking, washing, toilet flushing, and small-scale livestock and poultry farming. Its water quality is characterized by relatively low but fluctuating pollutant concentrations and complex composition, containing organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, suspended solids, detergent residues, and pathogenic microorganisms. Specifically, kitchen sewage contains grease and food scraps, washing wastewater contains surfactants, and toilet flushing wastewater has high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and bacteria. Furthermore, the composition of sewage varies significantly due to differences in regional living habits and economic levels.

[0003] In response to the dispersed nature of rural residences and low sewage pipe network coverage, decentralized treatment utilizes miniaturized, integrated equipment to treat sewage on-site or nearby. Compared to centralized treatment, which relies on pipe networks to transport wastewater to large treatment plants, decentralized treatment can be flexibly deployed according to village size, terrain, and population distribution. For example, individual households can be equipped with small septic tanks, while multiple households can use integrated devices. Treatment processes include anaerobic treatment, aerobic biological treatment, constructed wetlands, and membrane technology. The treated wastewater can meet discharge standards or be reused for farmland irrigation and road washing, offering advantages such as low construction costs, flexible management, and strong adaptability.

[0004] However, the current decentralized treatment of rural domestic sewage suffers from a prominent problem of excessive energy consumption. While traditional processes, such as anaerobic-aerobic (A / O) biological treatment and membrane bioreactors (MBR), achieve good treatment results, energy consumption is high in stages such as aeration, pump lifting, and membrane module backwashing. In particular, aeration energy consumption in MBR processes accounts for 60%-70% of the total energy consumption, resulting in a treatment cost of 0.8-1.2 yuan per ton of water, exceeding the economic affordability of rural areas. The long-term high energy consumption of these equipment not only causes power supply shortages but also further exacerbates the energy burden in rural areas, necessitating technological innovation to reduce energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device, which aims to solve the technical problems in the background art mentioned above.

[0006] The embodiments of this utility model are implemented as follows:

[0007] This application provides a decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device, comprising: a filtration structure with its inlet connected to an external rural domestic sewage source; a sewage equalization tank with its inlet connected to the outlet of the filtration structure; an A / O biological treatment tank, internally equipped with a proton exchange membrane, dividing it into independent anaerobic treatment zones and aerobic treatment zones, wherein the anaerobic treatment zone is a closed area and the aerobic treatment zone is an open area, and the anaerobic treatment zone is connected to the outlet of the sewage equalization tank; wherein the anaerobic treatment zone and the aerobic treatment zone are connected by a pipeline equipped with a first valve; a filtration and disinfection treatment structure with its inlet connected to the aerobic treatment zone; and a power generation structure, including an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, a DC-DC converter, and an energy storage battery pack, wherein the anode electrode is located in the anaerobic treatment zone, the cathode electrode is located in the aerobic treatment zone, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are electrically connected through the DC-DC converter, and the energy storage battery pack is connected in conjunction with the DC-DC converter.

[0008] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, the anode electrode is a carbon felt electrode, and the cathode electrode is a platinum carbon electrode.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, the aerobic treatment zone is equipped with an aeration disc, and the aeration disc is connected to an air pump.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, the filtration structure includes a filter box, with an inlet and an outlet respectively provided at the top and bottom of the filter box, the outlet being connected to the wastewater equalization tank, and a filter screen being provided inside the filter box.

[0011] The aforementioned filter box is located above the aforementioned wastewater equalization tank and the aforementioned A / O biological treatment tank.

[0012] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, a first turbine and a second turbine are respectively installed in the anaerobic treatment zone and the filter box below the filter screen plate, and the first turbine and the second turbine are connected by a rotating shaft.

[0013] The aforementioned rotating shaft passes through both the aforementioned filter box and the aforementioned A / O biological treatment tank, and is capable of rotating relative to both the aforementioned filter box and the aforementioned A / O biological treatment tank.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, a stirring paddle is rotatably installed inside the wastewater equalization tank, and the stirring paddle is connected to a drive motor.

[0015] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, the bottom of the wastewater regulating tank is provided with an opening, and a second valve is provided in the opening.

[0016] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned scheme, the wastewater equalization tank is equipped with a liquid level sensor.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this utility model have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0018] In practical use, the integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device of this application first removes large particulate impurities through a filtration structure, then enters a sewage equalization tank to homogenize the water quality and quantity, and subsequently flows into an A / O biological treatment tank. In the A / O biological treatment tank, a proton exchange membrane separates anaerobic and aerobic treatment zones. In the anaerobic zone, organic matter is degraded, and the sewage flows into the aerobic zone for further treatment via pipes and a first valve. Electrons generated by microbial metabolism in the anaerobic zone are transferred to the cathode electrode via the anode electrode and a DC converter, forming a bioelectrochemical system that generates electricity, which is stored in a battery pack. The treated sewage then enters the filtration and disinfection treatment structure in the aerobic zone to achieve purification and meet standards. Its advantages include the ability of the bioelectrochemical system's power generation structure to recover some energy during the treatment process, reducing dependence on external power; and the coordinated treatment of sewage by various structures, ensuring treatment effectiveness while reducing the cost per ton of water treated, alleviating the pressure on rural power supply and energy burden, and meeting the needs of rural economy and environment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Icons: 1-Filter structure, 101-Filter box, 102-Filter screen, 2-Drive motor, 3-Agitator, 4-Level sensor, 5-Wastewater equalization tank, 6-Rotating shaft, 7-A / O biological treatment tank, 8-Anode electrode, 9-First turbine, 10-Anaerobic treatment zone, 11-Pipeline, 12-First valve, 13-Air pump, 14-Aeration disc, 15-Filter and disinfection treatment structure, 16-Aerobic treatment zone, 17-Cathode electrode, 18-DC converter, 19-Energy storage battery pack, 20-Second turbine, 21-Second valve, 22-Proton exchange membrane. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1This application provides a decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device, comprising: a filter structure 1, the inlet of which is connected to an external rural domestic sewage source; a sewage equalization tank 5, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the filter structure 1; and an A / O biological treatment tank 7, internally equipped with a proton exchange membrane 22, which divides the tank into an independent anaerobic treatment zone 10 and an aerobic treatment zone 16. The anaerobic treatment zone 10 is a closed area, and the aerobic treatment zone 16 is an open area. The anaerobic treatment zone 10 is connected to the outlet of the sewage equalization tank 5. The aerobic treatment zone 16 is connected via a pipe 11, which is equipped with a first valve 12; a filtration and disinfection treatment structure 15, the inlet of which is connected to the aerobic treatment zone 16; and a power generation structure, including an anode electrode 8, a cathode electrode 17, a DC-DC converter 18, and an energy storage battery pack 19. The anode electrode 8 is located in the anaerobic treatment zone 10, and the cathode electrode 17 is located in the aerobic treatment zone 16. The anode electrode 8 and the cathode electrode 17 are electrically connected via the DC-DC converter 18, and the energy storage battery pack 19 is connected in conjunction with the DC-DC converter 18.

[0025] In practical use, the integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device of this application first removes large particulate impurities through the filtration structure 1, then enters the sewage equalization tank 5 to homogenize the water quality and quantity, and subsequently flows into the A / O biological treatment tank. In the A / O biological treatment tank, a proton exchange membrane 22 separates the anaerobic and aerobic treatment zones 16. In the anaerobic zone, organic matter is degraded, and the sewage flows into the aerobic zone for further treatment via pipe 11 and the first valve 12. Electrons generated by the metabolism of microorganisms in the anaerobic zone are transferred to the cathode electrode 17 via the anode electrode 8 and DC converter 18, forming a bioelectrochemical system that generates electricity, which is stored in the energy storage battery pack 19. The treated sewage then enters the filtration and disinfection treatment structure 15 in the aerobic zone for purification and meets standards. Its advantages include the ability of the bioelectrochemical system's power generation structure to recover some energy during the treatment process, reducing dependence on external power; and the coordinated treatment of sewage by various structures, ensuring treatment effectiveness while reducing the cost per ton of water treated, alleviating the pressure on rural power supply and energy burden, and meeting the needs of rural economy and environment.

[0026] Optionally, the top of the anaerobic treatment zone 10 is provided with an opening for adding raw materials, and the opening is removably covered.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the anode electrode 8 is a carbon felt electrode and the cathode electrode 17 is a platinum carbon electrode.

[0028] In the above embodiments, a carbon felt electrode is used as the anode because its large specific surface area and good pore structure provide abundant attachment and growth space for electrogenic microorganisms in the anaerobic zone. This facilitates the formation of a stable biofilm on the electrode surface, enhancing the electron transfer efficiency between the microorganisms and the electrode. Simultaneously, the carbon felt electrode exhibits high chemical stability and low cost, making it suitable for the economic needs of rural wastewater treatment. The cathode is a platinum-carbon electrode. Utilizing the high catalytic activity of platinum, the overpotential of the oxygen reduction reaction can be significantly reduced, improving the cathode electron receiving efficiency and accelerating the electron transfer rate in the bioelectrochemical system. This enhances the overall power generation performance of the power generation structure and provides more stable power support for the energy-saving operation of decentralized integrated rural domestic wastewater treatment devices.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the aerobic treatment zone 16 is provided with an aeration disc 14, which is connected to an air pump 13.

[0030] In the above embodiment, the aerobic treatment zone 16 is equipped with an aeration disc 14 and connected to an air pump 13. The aeration volume can be precisely controlled by the air pump 13, and the oxygen supply can be flexibly adjusted according to the wastewater quality and treatment needs to ensure that aerobic microorganisms efficiently decompose organic matter in a suitable dissolved oxygen environment. The aeration disc 14 disperses air into tiny bubbles, which can increase the contact area between the bubbles and the wastewater, improve the oxygen mass transfer efficiency, and enhance the aerobic treatment effect. At the same time, uniform aeration can effectively prevent sludge sedimentation, promote the full mixing of wastewater and microorganisms, ensure the stable operation of the aerobic treatment process, and thus improve the overall A / O biological treatment tank's ability to remove pollutants from rural domestic sewage, ensuring that the effluent quality meets the standards.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned filter structure 1 includes a filter box 101, the top and bottom of the filter box 101 are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet, the outlet is connected to the above-mentioned sewage equalization tank 5, and a filter screen 102 is provided inside the filter box 101.

[0032] The filter box 101 is located above the wastewater equalization tank 5 and the A / O biological treatment tank 7.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the filter screen 102 inside the filter box 101 can effectively intercept large particulate suspended solids, floating objects, and other impurities in rural domestic sewage, preventing them from entering subsequent treatment units, reducing the risk of equipment blockage, and ensuring the stable operation of equipment such as the sewage equalization tank 5 and the A / O biological treatment tank. Furthermore, by utilizing the height difference between the filter box 101 and the treatment tank below, the filtered sewage can flow into the sewage equalization tank 5 by gravity, eliminating the need for an additional water pump and reducing energy consumption and operating costs.

[0034] Optionally, a removable sealing cover may be provided on the top of the filter box 101 to facilitate the cleaning of suspended and floating solids.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, a first turbine 9 and a second turbine 20 are respectively provided in the anaerobic treatment zone 10 and the filter box 101 below the filter screen plate 102, and the first turbine 9 and the second turbine 20 are connected by a rotating shaft 6.

[0036] The aforementioned rotating shaft 6 passes through both the aforementioned filter box 101 and the aforementioned A / O biological treatment tank 7, and is capable of rotating relative to the aforementioned filter box 101 and the aforementioned A / O biological treatment tank 7.

[0037] In the above embodiment, when sewage flows into the filter box 101, it impacts the second turbine 20, causing the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, which in turn drives the first turbine 9 in the anaerobic treatment zone 10 to rotate, realizing the recovery and reuse of sewage kinetic energy. The sewage in the anaerobic treatment zone 10 can be stirred without additional power, promoting the full mixing of sewage and microorganisms and improving the degradation efficiency of organic matter.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, a stirring paddle 3 is rotatably installed inside the wastewater equalization tank 5, and the stirring paddle 3 is connected to a drive motor 2.

[0039] In the above embodiment, a rotatable stirring paddle 3 is installed in the wastewater equalization tank 5 and driven by a drive motor 2. The drive motor 2 can control the rotation of the stirring paddle 3 to fully stir and mix the wastewater in the tank, effectively homogenizing the water quality and quantity. On the one hand, it can prevent pollutants in the wastewater from settling and stratifying, ensuring that wastewater of different concentrations at different times is evenly mixed, guaranteeing the stability of the wastewater quality entering the A / O biological treatment tank, creating a more suitable treatment environment for microorganisms, and improving the degradation efficiency of pollutants by the biological treatment unit. On the other hand, the evenly mixed wastewater makes the process parameters of subsequent treatment stages easier to control, reducing the problem of unstable treatment effects caused by water quality fluctuations, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the wastewater treatment system, and reducing the treatment risks and operating costs caused by uneven water quality.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the wastewater equalization tank 5 is provided with an opening, and a second valve 21 is provided in the opening.

[0041] In the above embodiment, when the equalization tank needs to be cleaned, the second valve 21 can be opened to completely drain the residual sewage in the tank, making it convenient for staff to use tools such as high-pressure water guns to rinse the bottom and walls of the tank, effectively removing deposited sludge, impurities, and attached pollutants. During the rinsing process, sewage and impurities can be quickly discharged through the opening, avoiding residue blockage of pipe 11. After cleaning, the second valve 21 can be closed to restore the equalization tank to normal use. This design makes the rinsing operation of the equalization tank more convenient and efficient, helps maintain the cleanliness of the inside of the equalization tank, ensures the sewage equalization effect, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces the risk of the sewage treatment system being affected by the accumulation of dirt.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, the wastewater equalization tank 5 is equipped with a liquid level sensor 4.

[0043] In the above embodiment, a liquid level sensor 4 is installed in the sewage equalization tank 5 to monitor the sewage level in the tank in real time.

[0044] Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" in this application embodiment should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and "side," etc., are merely for reference to the direction in the accompanying drawings or the usual placement of the product during use. They are only for clearly describing this application and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be construed as limitations on this application. The terms "first," "second," etc., are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; "multiple" refers to at least two. In this application embodiment, the limitations on relative positional relationships such as parallel, perpendicular, and aligned are all relative to the current technological level and are not absolutely strict limitations. Slight deviations are allowed; approximations of parallel, perpendicular, and aligned are all acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 degrees and 10 degrees.

[0045] The above are only some embodiments and implementation methods of this application. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of this application. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device, characterized in that, include: The filter structure (1) has an inlet for connecting to an external rural domestic sewage source; Wastewater regulating tank (5), the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the filter structure (1); The A / O biological treatment tank (7) is equipped with a proton exchange membrane (22) inside, which divides it into an independent anaerobic treatment zone (10) and an aerobic treatment zone (16). The anaerobic treatment zone (10) is a closed area, and the aerobic treatment zone (16) is an open area. The anaerobic treatment zone (10) is connected to the outlet of the sewage equalization tank (5). The anaerobic treatment zone (10) and the aerobic treatment zone (16) are connected by a pipe (11), and the pipe (11) is equipped with a first valve (12). A filtration and disinfection treatment structure (15), the inlet of which is connected to the aerobic treatment zone (16); and The power generation structure includes an anode electrode (8), a cathode electrode (17), a DC-DC converter (18), and an energy storage battery pack (19). The anode electrode (8) is located in the anaerobic treatment zone (10), and the cathode electrode (17) is located in the aerobic treatment zone (16). The anode electrode (8) and the cathode electrode (17) are electrically connected through the DC-DC converter (18), and the energy storage battery pack (19) is connected in conjunction with the DC-DC converter (18).

2. The decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anode electrode (8) is a carbon felt electrode, and the cathode electrode (17) is a platinum carbon electrode.

3. The decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerobic treatment zone (16) is equipped with an aeration disc (14), and the aeration disc (14) is connected to an air pump (13).

4. A decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration structure (1) includes a filter box (101), with an inlet and an outlet respectively provided at the top and bottom of the filter box (101), the outlet being connected to the sewage regulating tank (5), and a filter screen (102) provided inside the filter box (101). The filter box (101) is located above the sewage equalization tank (5) and the A / O biological treatment tank (7).

5. A decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The anaerobic treatment zone (10) and the filter box (101) below the filter screen (102) are respectively equipped with a first turbine (9) and a second turbine (20), and the first turbine (9) and the second turbine (20) are connected by a rotating shaft (6); The rotating shaft (6) passes through both the filter box (101) and the A / O biological treatment tank (7) and is capable of rotating relative to the filter box (101) and the A / O biological treatment tank (7).

6. A decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wastewater regulating tank (5) is equipped with a rotatable stirring paddle (3), which is connected to a drive motor (2).

7. A decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the sewage regulating tank (5) is provided with an opening, and the opening is provided with a second valve (21).

8. A decentralized integrated rural domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The wastewater equalization tank (5) is equipped with a liquid level sensor (4).

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