Anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device

Abstract

The utility model provides an anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device, include: by the pretreatment unit of grating pool, sand pool and primary settling tank, pretreatment unit is used for removing big granule impurity and part degradable organic matter in landfill leachate, and the one end of primary settling tank is connected with high exposure pond, and the one end of high exposure pond is connected with nitration subassembly through the communicating tube, all through the communicating tube connection between grating pool, sand pool and primary settling tank and high exposure pond, and the middle section of multiple communicating tubes all are equipped with switch valve. Pretreatment unit removes big granule impurity, sand grain and suspended particle gradually, reduces subsequent load and the risk of blockage, and high exposure pond strengthens COD removal and suspended matter reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of landfill leachate treatment technology, specifically to an anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Landfill leachate, a high-concentration organic wastewater generated during landfilling, is characterized by its complex composition and high pollutant concentration. It not only contains a large amount of recalcitrant organic matter but is also rich in high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and toxic and harmful substances such as heavy metals. With the increasing age of landfills, leachate shows a trend of continuously increasing ammonia nitrogen concentration and gradually decreasing COD value, leading to a severe imbalance in the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, which greatly challenges the applicability of traditional biological treatment processes. While existing physicochemical treatment methods can partially remove pollutants, they suffer from high reagent consumption, high operating costs, and the potential for secondary pollution such as chemical sludge. In terms of biological treatment technology, the traditional full-process nitrification-denitrification process requires strict dissolved oxygen control and continuous aeration to maintain an aerobic environment, resulting in high energy consumption. Furthermore, this process is poorly adaptable to leachate with high salinity and high organic matter concentrations, and microbial activity is easily inhibited, causing large fluctuations in treatment efficiency and unstable effluent quality. Although existing technologies employ anaerobic ammonia oxidation processes, there is still room for improvement in areas such as the synergistic coordination between the pretreatment unit and nitrification components, optimization of the aeration system, and design of the packing structure, making it difficult to achieve efficient and stable nitrogen removal. Therefore, existing technologies urgently need improvement to address these issues. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art by providing an anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device.

[0004] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] An anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device includes: a pretreatment unit consisting of a grit chamber, a grit chamber, and a primary sedimentation tank, wherein the pretreatment unit is used to remove large particulate impurities and some biodegradable organic matter from the landfill leachate; one end of the primary sedimentation tank is connected to a high-aeration tank, and one end of the high-aeration tank is connected to a nitrification component via a connecting pipe; the grit chamber, grit chamber, primary sedimentation tank, and high-aeration tank are all connected by connecting pipes, and each of the intermediate sections of the multiple connecting pipes is equipped with a switch valve.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitration assembly includes a rotary drum reactor, which is connected to one end of a high-aeration tank via a connecting pipe. The upper surface of the rotary drum reactor is provided with a top cover, and flanges are welded to one end of both the top cover and the outer surface of the rotary drum reactor. The two flanges are connected by bolts.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a plurality of sampling monitoring valves are provided on one side of the rotary reactor, and the plurality of sampling monitoring valves are evenly distributed vertically. Another connecting pipe is connected to one side of the rotary reactor for transporting the treated leachate to the subsequent treatment unit.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a motor is provided at one end of the upper surface of the top cover, the output shaft of the motor passes through the top cover and is connected to a connecting plate through a bearing, and a rotating packing frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate. The surface of the rotating packing frame is hollowed out and loaded with sponge packing.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, an aeration pump is provided at one end of the rotary reactor, and the output end of the aeration pump is connected to two aeration pipes, with gas flow meters installed on the outer surface of the two aeration pipes.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the other ends of the two aeration pipes extend to one end of the lower surface inside the rotary reactor, and the upper surface of the pipe section inside the rotary reactor is connected to a microporous aeration head.

[0011] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device provided by this utility model has a pretreatment unit that gradually removes large particulate impurities, sand, and suspended particles, reducing subsequent load and clogging risks. The high-aeration tank enhances COD removal and reduces suspended solids, alleviating the pressure on biological treatment and improving the overall process reliability. In the nitrification component, the rotating packing frame increases the microbial attachment area and improves ammonia nitrogen conversion efficiency. The aeration pump, in conjunction with the flow meter, precisely controls aeration to ensure stable short-range nitrification. The sampling monitoring valve facilitates real-time monitoring of the reaction process and timely adjustment of operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the nitrification component structure of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the rotating packing frame structure of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the microporous aeration head structure of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] In the attached image:

[0018] 1. Bar screen; 101. Grit chamber; 102. Primary sedimentation tank;

[0019] 2. Connecting pipe; 201. Switch valve;

[0020] 3. High-exposure tank;

[0021] 4. Nitrification assembly; 401. Rotary drum reactor; 402. Flange; 403. Sampling and monitoring valve; 404. Top cover; 405. Motor; 406. Connecting plate; 407. Rotary packing frame; 408. Aeration pump; 409. Gas flow meter; 410. Aeration pipe; 411. Microporous aeration head. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0024] In existing technologies, landfill leachate treatment faces challenges such as low removal efficiency of high-concentration ammonia nitrogen, high reagent consumption, and high energy consumption. Conventional physicochemical methods require the addition of large amounts of chemical reagents, leading to increased treatment costs and a high risk of secondary pollution. Traditional biological methods, on the other hand, are poorly adaptable to high-salt, high-organic-content environments, and microbial activity is easily inhibited. For example, although patent CN219526385U optimizes treatment efficiency through packing mesh frames and aeration mechanisms, it still suffers from problems such as inconvenient packing replacement and complex control of reaction conditions, making it difficult to adapt to the characteristics of leachate with continuously rising ammonia nitrogen concentrations.

[0025] To address the aforementioned issues, considering the complex composition and declining biochemical properties of leachate, a phased treatment system needs to be constructed. First, large particulate impurities are removed through physical interception and sedimentation to reduce the load on subsequent treatment processes. Second, a biochemical reaction unit is employed to achieve synergistic treatment of organic matter degradation and ammonia nitrogen conversion. Finally, modular design ensures process controllability. The key lies in connecting the pretreatment unit and the biochemical reaction unit in series, enabling flexible adjustment of the treatment process through a controllable piping system.

[0026] Therefore, as Figure 1-4As shown, this application proposes a treatment device including a pretreatment unit, a high-aeration tank, and a nitrification assembly. The pretreatment unit consists of a bar screen, a grit chamber, and a primary sedimentation tank, with each unit connected sequentially via a connecting pipe equipped with a switch valve. The high-aeration tank is connected to the end of the pretreatment unit via a connecting pipe, and the nitrification assembly is connected to the high-aeration tank via a connecting pipe to form a continuous treatment process.

[0027] The components of a treatment system include: a bar screen (or grit chamber), a grit chamber (with parallel bars spaced 10-50mm), and a grit removal tank. A grit chamber is a treatment unit equipped with gravity settling technology, using either a horizontal or vertical flow structure to allow heavy particles like sand and gravel to settle. A primary sedimentation tank is a sedimentation tank equipped with a sludge collection device, typically using a radial flow sedimentation tank structure, where hydraulic retention time is adjusted to remove some biodegradable organic matter. Connecting pipes are the piping systems that connect the various treatment units, typically using PVC or PE pipes and sealed with flanges or clamps. On / off valves are flow control devices installed in the middle of the pipeline, typically butterfly or ball valves, used to regulate the liquid transfer rate between units.

[0028] Specifically, the landfill leachate flows sequentially through a grit chamber for coarse filtration before entering a grit chamber, where grit settles under a flow velocity reduced to 0.1-0.3 m / s. It then enters a primary sedimentation tank for 2-4 hours, allowing suspended solids to settle and form a sludge layer. The pretreated leachate is then transported via connecting pipes to a high-aeration tank for oxygenation, maintaining a dissolved oxygen concentration of 2-4 mg / L to promote organic matter degradation. The effluent from the high-aeration tank is then introduced through connecting pipes into a nitrification unit for ammonia nitrogen conversion. Flow distribution and process switching between units are achieved through on / off valves. When a unit requires maintenance, the corresponding valve can be closed to ensure continuous system operation.

[0029] Compared to existing technologies, CN219526385U integrates packing material and aeration devices in a single treatment tank, while this application effectively reduces the load on subsequent biological treatment through staged pretreatment. Existing technologies rely on mechanical stirring to maintain packing material contact efficiency, while this application, through a separate design of the high-aeration tank and nitrification components, can specifically optimize the operating parameters of each unit. Furthermore, existing technologies lack an adjustable piping system, while this application achieves flexible combination of treatment processes through a network of connecting pipes with valves, significantly improving the system's ability to cope with water quality fluctuations.

[0030] Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively reduces the dosage of reagents and minimizes the risk of secondary pollution. The synergistic effect of physical pretreatment and biochemical treatment enhances system stability. The tiered treatment design allows each unit to target specific pollutants, and the modular piping system enhances the controllability of the treatment process, adapting to the treatment needs of leachate with different C / N ratios. The configuration of on / off valves achieves hydraulic isolation between units, ensuring continuous system operation during equipment maintenance.

[0031] This application further proposes a nitration assembly including a rotary reactor, which is connected to one end of a high-aeration tank via a connecting pipe. The upper surface of the rotary reactor is provided with a top cover, and flanges are welded to one end of both the top cover and the outer surface of the rotary reactor. The two flanges are connected by bolts.

[0032] The rotary reactor is a cylindrical vessel used for nitrification reactions, typically made of stainless steel or fiberglass, and filled with biological packing material to provide a surface for microbial attachment. This structure enhances the contact efficiency between wastewater and the packing material through rotation. The top cover is a sealing component covering the top of the rotary reactor, typically a circular cover plate with flanged edges, bolted to the reactor body. This design prevents gas leakage and maintains a stable reaction environment. The flange is an annular connecting component welded to the edge of the top cover and the reactor body, typically a metal ring with bolt holes, secured with bolts for a seal. This structure facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the top cover. The bolted connection refers to fixing the top cover to the reactor body using threaded fasteners, typically stainless steel bolts and nuts. This method ensures a tight seal at the connection and accommodates frequent disassembly and assembly.

[0033] Specifically, the rotary reactor receives pretreated wastewater from the high-aeration tank via a connecting pipe. The top cover and reactor body form a detachable, sealed structure via flanges and bolts. During operation, the top cover's seal prevents gas from escaping from the reactor, and the flanges and bolts allow for quick disassembly of the top cover, facilitating the replacement of internal packing materials or equipment maintenance. The rotation of the rotary reactor promotes mixing of wastewater and packing materials, improving nitrification efficiency.

[0034] This solution solves the problem of inconvenient maintenance of traditional equipment by using a detachable connection design of flanges and bolts. At the same time, the rotary drum structure optimizes the internal flow pattern of the reactor and reduces the risk of inhibited microbial activity.

[0035] Through the above technical solutions, this application can reduce the difficulty of equipment maintenance and downtime, improve the operational stability of the nitrification reactor, adapt to the treatment needs of landfill leachate with high salt and high organic matter content, and avoid the problem of reduced treatment efficiency caused by the difficulty of replacing packing.

[0036] This application further proposes that a plurality of sampling and monitoring valves are provided on one side of the rotary reactor, and the plurality of sampling and monitoring valves are evenly distributed vertically. Another connecting pipe is connected to one side of the rotary reactor for transporting the treated leachate to the subsequent treatment unit.

[0037] The sampling monitoring valve is a fluid control device installed on the side wall of the reactor. It can be implemented using a valve structure with manual or automatic adjustment functions. Its function is to collect samples from different liquid levels inside the reactor through sampling ports at different heights, facilitating real-time monitoring of water quality parameter changes during the reaction process. The connecting pipe is the pipeline connecting the reactor to subsequent treatment units. It can be implemented using corrosion-resistant PVC or PE pipe structures. Its function is to directionally transport the leachate from nitrification to the next treatment stage, preventing liquid stagnation and reduced reaction efficiency.

[0038] Specifically, multiple sampling and monitoring valves are arranged at vertical intervals along the sidewall of the rotary reactor. For example, a sampling point is set at regular intervals along the height of the reactor to obtain water quality data at different liquid levels through multi-point sampling. The treated leachate is discharged through a connecting pipe located at the bottom of the reactor sidewall. This connecting pipe can be connected to an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor or advanced treatment equipment to form a continuous treatment process.

[0039] This solution utilizes multiple vertically distributed sampling and monitoring valves to simultaneously monitor the stratified changes in dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen concentrations within the reactor, providing more comprehensive data support for process parameter adjustments. Furthermore, in existing technologies, treated leachate is often discharged via top overflow, which easily leads to secondary suspension of sediment. This solution, however, uses a bottom-connecting pipe on the sidewall for directional transport, reducing water disturbance and improving solid-liquid separation efficiency.

[0040] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves accurate monitoring of pollutants at different liquid levels inside the reactor, effectively solving the problem of process control lag caused by the single sampling point in traditional devices. At the same time, by optimizing the effluent path, it avoids the risk of secondary pollution caused by the resuspension of sediments and improves the operational stability of the treatment system.

[0041] This application further proposes that a motor is installed at one end of the upper surface of the top cover, the output shaft of the motor passes through the top cover and is connected to the connecting plate through a bearing, and a rotating packing frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate. The surface of the rotating packing frame is hollowed out and loaded with sponge packing.

[0042] The motor refers to the power unit that drives the rotating packing frame, which can be a geared motor or a servo motor. Torque is transmitted through the output shaft to drive the rotating packing frame. The connecting disc is the transition component connecting the motor output shaft and the rotating packing frame. It can be a stainless steel disc welded to fix the rotating packing frame, ensuring the stability of power transmission. The rotating packing frame is a support frame with a perforated surface. It can be a ring-shaped stainless steel skeleton welded to form honeycomb-like holes, used to fix the sponge packing and promote liquid flow. The sponge packing is a porous biological carrier material, specifically polyurethane sponge or polyvinyl alcohol sponge, with a porosity controlled within the range of 85%-92% to provide space for microbial attachment.

[0043] Specifically, the motor output shaft is rotated with the top cover via bearings to prevent liquid from seeping into the motor. The connecting disc and the rotating packing frame are fixed with bolts, allowing the packing frame to rotate synchronously with the motor. The perforated structure on the surface of the rotating packing frame increases the contact area between the liquid and the packing material. During rotation, the sponge packing material remains in continuous contact with the leachate, and the biofilm formed on its surface is constantly renewed through shearing action, preventing packing blockage. The internal pores of the sponge packing material create an anaerobic microenvironment, while the turbulence generated by the external rotation maintains aerobic conditions, achieving simultaneous nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactions.

[0044] Through the above technical solutions, this application achieves dynamic control of biofilm thickness, improves ammonia nitrogen degradation efficiency, and adapts to high-salinity leachate environments. The rotating packing frame enhances mass transfer between the liquid phase and the biofilm, shortening the reaction residence time. The multi-level porous structure of the sponge packing provides hierarchical habitats for different bacterial communities, solving the problem of inhibited microbial activity. Mechanical rotation reduces the frequency of manual packing cleaning, lowering maintenance costs.

[0045] This application further proposes that an aeration pump is provided at one end of the rotary reactor, and the output end of the aeration pump is connected to two aeration pipes, with gas flow meters installed on the outer surface of the two aeration pipes.

[0046] The aeration pump is a power device used to deliver gas into the reactor. It can be implemented using a centrifugal blower, injecting air or oxygen into the liquid through mechanical pressurization. The gas flow meter is a measuring device used to measure the gas flow rate. It can be implemented using a rotor flow meter or electromagnetic flow meter, dynamically adjusting the aeration rate by monitoring the gas flow velocity in real time. The aeration pipe is the gas delivery pipeline connecting the aeration pump and the reactor. It can be made of corrosion-resistant PVC or PE material, and branch pipes are used to distribute the gas. The microporous aeration head is a gas diffusion device with a dense microporous structure. It can be made of ceramic or rubber diaphragm material, dispersing the gas into tiny bubbles through the micropores to improve gas-liquid contact efficiency.

[0047] Specifically, the aeration pump connects to two independent aeration pipes via its output end, and a gas flow meter is installed on the pipeline to monitor the gas flow rate. When the aeration pump starts, the gas is split and enters the two aeration pipes. The flow meter provides real-time feedback data to adjust the pump power or valve opening, ensuring that the aeration volume precisely matches the reaction requirements. The gas is ultimately released evenly to the bottom of the rotary reactor through the microporous aeration head, forming fine bubbles that are thoroughly mixed with the liquid. This structure reduces the risk of single-pipe blockage through a dual-pipe design, while utilizing the flow meter to achieve closed-loop control of the aeration volume.

[0048] This solution reduces system load by using dual aeration pipes for flow diversion and achieves precise aeration with a flow meter, avoiding energy waste. Furthermore, replacing traditional large-pore aeration devices with microporous aeration heads improves oxygen mass transfer efficiency and reduces bubble coalescence.

[0049] Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively reduces the energy consumption of the aeration system and maintains the stability of dissolved oxygen concentration, thereby enhancing the metabolic activity of microorganisms. Simultaneously, the dual-pipeline design and flow control enhance adaptability to high-salt and high-organic-content wastewater, reduce the risk of aeration head clogging, and ensure continuous and stable treatment efficiency.

[0050] This application further proposes that the other end of the two aeration pipes extends to one end of the lower surface inside the rotary drum reactor, and the upper surface of the pipe section inside the rotary drum reactor is connected to a microporous aeration head.

[0051] The aeration pipe refers to the pipe used to transport gas. It can be made of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel or PVC and is used to fix the gas transport path by penetrating the lower surface of the rotary reactor. The microporous aeration head refers to a gas diffusion device with dense micropores. It can be made of ceramic or polymer materials and is connected to the aeration pipe to achieve uniform gas dispersion and promote the uniform distribution of dissolved oxygen.

[0052] Specifically, the gas output from the aeration pump is delivered to the bottom of the rotary reactor through aeration pipes. The gas then diffuses upwards as tiny bubbles form through microporous aeration heads. Positioning the aeration pipes at the bottom of the reactor prevents sludge buildup and clogging of the aeration holes. The smaller bubble diameter produced by the microporous aeration heads increases the gas-liquid contact area, improving oxygen transfer efficiency. A gas flow meter allows for real-time adjustment of the aeration intensity, maintaining the dissolved oxygen concentration within a range suitable for nitrification.

[0053] This solution generates uniform microbubbles through microporous aeration heads, achieving higher oxygen utilization and reducing energy consumption at the same aeration rate. Simultaneously, the bottom aeration method avoids scaling and clogging on the aeration head surface in high-salt environments.

[0054] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problems of high energy consumption and low oxygen transfer efficiency of conventional aeration devices. It can maintain a stable dissolved oxygen distribution in the high-salt and high-organic-matter environment of landfill leachate, ensure microbial activity, and improve the stability of ammonia nitrogen treatment efficiency.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should realize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device, characterized in that, include: A pretreatment unit consisting of a grit chamber (1), a grit chamber (101), and a primary sedimentation tank (102) is used to remove large particulate impurities and some biodegradable organic matter from landfill leachate. One end of the primary sedimentation tank (102) is connected to a high-aeration tank (3), and one end of the high-aeration tank (3) is connected to a nitrification component (4) through a connecting pipe (2). The grit chamber (1), grit chamber (101), primary sedimentation tank (102), and high-aeration tank (3) are all connected by connecting pipes (2), and multiple connecting pipes (2) are equipped with switch valves (201) in the middle sections.

2. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitration assembly (4) includes a rotary drum reactor (401), which is connected to one end of the high aeration tank (3) via a connecting pipe (2). The upper surface of the rotary drum reactor (401) is provided with a top cover (404), and a flange (402) is welded to one end of the outer surface of both the top cover (404) and the rotary drum reactor (401). The two flanges (402) are connected by bolts.

3. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary reactor (401) is provided with multiple sampling monitoring valves (403) on one side, and the multiple sampling monitoring valves (403) are evenly distributed vertically. Another connecting pipe (2) is connected to one side of the rotary reactor (401) for transporting the treated leachate to the subsequent treatment unit.

4. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A motor (405) is provided at one end of the upper surface of the top cover (404). The output shaft of the motor (405) passes through the top cover (404) and is connected to a connecting plate (406) through a bearing. A rotating packing frame (407) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate (406). The surface of the rotating packing frame (407) is hollowed out and loaded with sponge packing.

5. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotary reactor (401) is equipped with an aeration pump (408) at one end. The output end of the aeration pump (408) is connected to two aeration pipes (410). Gas flow meters (409) are installed on the outer surface of the two aeration pipes (410).

6. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation landfill leachate treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The other end of the two aeration pipes (410) extends to one end of the lower surface inside the rotary drum reactor (401), and the upper surface of the pipe section inside the two aeration pipes (410) is connected to a microporous aeration head (411).

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