A monitoring and alarming integrated device for deformation and erosion rate of tower base of power transmission tower

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of monitoring alarm integrated device for transmission tower tower base deformation and erosion rate, the integrated device includes reference pile, displacement monitoring pile, deep soil monitoring device, tower leg monitoring pile, displacement automatic monitoring device, image automatic monitoring device, set energy supply device, signal sending device, data processing terminal.Compared with conventional technology, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model not only solves the problem of poor location traffic conditions or difficult to patrol in extreme weather for overhead transmission tower, but also can automatically monitor and judge the occurrence of tower base adverse geological disasters in real time, greatly saves operation and maintenance cost, ensures the safety of tower base, reduces engineering hidden danger, and has significant social and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of overhead power transmission line engineering, and relates to the power transmission civil engineering profession. Specifically, it is an integrated monitoring and alarm device for the deformation and erosion rate of the base of power transmission towers. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, my country has vigorously carried out the construction of power grid transmission and transformation projects, investing trillions of yuan in the construction of ultra-high voltage and extra-high voltage lines, and gradually improving my country's new energy power system. With the construction of the power system, the routes of overhead transmission lines are constantly entering construction sites with poor geological conditions and harsh ecological environments. When transmission lines pass through areas prone to adverse geological disasters such as landslides and mudslides, in addition to ensuring the reliability of the main structure during design and construction, the safety and stability of the tower foundation should also be ensured during the later operation and maintenance stage.

[0003] The following problems exist in the operation and maintenance of tower foundations: (1) The existing operation and maintenance of tower foundations mainly relies on staff inspections. When the site traffic conditions are poor, it is not easy to go to inspect. Especially when extreme weather occurs, tower foundations are more likely to have problems, but the operation and maintenance staff cannot go there and cannot detect and deal with them in time. (2) The occurrence of adverse geological disasters in tower foundations is a gradual process. A single inspection cannot reflect the rate of foundation deformation development, making it difficult to judge the degree of danger. When the safety limit is exceeded, the alarm cannot be sounded in time. (3) The existing monitoring equipment is mostly developed for urban construction projects and cannot cope with the problems of poor network signal and lack of power supply in the field of overhead line projects. (4) The existing monitoring equipment mostly requires manual operation, with low automation and cannot meet the requirements of remote real-time work. (5) Increasing the frequency of operation and maintenance staff inspections and monitoring will increase costs several times and have poor economic efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in tower foundation maintenance, this utility model, designed to meet the usage requirements and technical conditions of overhead line projects, utilizes a comprehensive system design to automatically collect horizontal displacement, settlement and heave, and deep displacement signals of the surface soil in the tower foundation area. It monitors soil erosion in the area through visual comparison and transmits the signals in real-time to a data processing terminal. The data processing terminal monitors the deformation rate and triggers alarms when set values ​​are reached, providing convenient and reliable technical support for maintenance personnel.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an integrated monitoring and alarm device for the deformation and erosion rate of transmission tower foundations. The integrated device includes a reference pile, a displacement monitoring pile, a deep soil monitoring device, a tower leg monitoring pile, an automatic displacement monitoring device, an automatic image monitoring device, a power supply device, a signal transmission device, and a data processing terminal.

[0006] Furthermore, the reference pile consists of an elongated cylindrical tube, a circular reflector, and a large shielding plate. The elongated cylindrical tube is made of aluminum, with an outer diameter of 50mm, a wall thickness of 3mm, and a total length of 1200mm. Its bottom is conical for easy driving into the soil. During use, the elongated cylindrical tube is driven 1000mm into the ground to fix it in place and ensure the position of the reference point remains unchanged. The top surface of the elongated cylindrical tube has a horizontally arranged circular reflector for easy identification and observation. A 200mm length of the elongated cylindrical tube is left above ground to prevent damage from boulders, slopes, etc. Obstacles obstruct the observation field of view; a large obstruction plate is installed at the junction of the long cylindrical pipe and the ground surface. The large obstruction plate is made of white polyvinyl chloride and is a circular plate with a diameter of 800mm. When in use, the large obstruction plate is nailed to the ground surface to suppress the growth of weeds that obstruct the observation field of view; a total of 2 reference stakes are set up. One reference stake is placed at the center of the tower base as the main reference point to compare the deformation of the observation point; a secondary reference point is placed 20m away from the tower leg in the opposite direction of the observation area to calibrate the main reference point and prevent the position of the main reference point from changing when the tower base is greatly deformed.

[0007] Furthermore, the displacement monitoring pile consists of a short circular tube, an elliptical reflector, and a small shielding plate. The short circular tube is made of aluminum, with a diameter of 50mm, a wall thickness of 3mm, and a total length of 400mm. Its bottom is conical for easy driving into the soil; the top 50mm is a 45-degree bevel, and an elliptical reflector is arranged on the bevel. When in use, the bevel is aligned with the direction of the automatic displacement monitoring device for a wider field of view and easier automatic capture of the measuring point. The short circular tube is driven 200mm into the ground for fixation. A 200mm section of the short circular tube is left above ground to prevent sand and gravel from obstructing the observation field. A small shielding plate, made of white polyvinyl chloride, with a diameter of 400mm, is installed at the junction of the short circular tube and the ground surface. Circular boards, with small blocking boards nailed to the ground, can suppress weed growth and prevent obstruction of the observation field of view. Displacement monitoring stakes are arranged along the key observation direction, with one stake every 1 meter in the 0-10m range starting from the halfway point of the foundation, and one stake every 5 meters in the 10m-20m range. Along the line connecting the tower center and the tower leg, one stake is arranged every 5 meters from the tower leg in the 0m-20m range. In the key observation direction, a displacement monitoring stake is arranged every 5 meters along the midline of the line connecting the tower center and the tower leg in the 0-20m range. By densifying the measuring points in the 0-10m range of the key observation direction, precise control measurement can be achieved. By dispersing measurements in other directions, monitoring costs are saved while meeting the monitoring technical requirements.

[0008] Furthermore, the deep soil monitoring device consists of an inclinometer tube and a signal transmitter. The inclinometer tube is 10m long and is buried underground by drilling holes with a Luoyang shovel, with fine sand poured into the gaps. A signal transmitter is installed at the top of the inclinometer tube to send the deep soil deformation value to the signal transmitting device. A total of three deep soil monitoring devices are arranged, one at a position 10m from the half-root opening of the foundation along the key observation direction, and the other at a position 10m from the tower leg along the line connecting the center of the tower to the two tower legs. This ensures that the burial depth of the inclinometer tube is at a 45-degree angle to the top of the foundation, which facilitates the analysis of the impact of deep soil deformation on the change of earth pressure on the outside of the foundation.

[0009] Furthermore, the tower leg monitoring pile consists of a triangular prism, a magnet, and a high-precision reflector. The triangular prism is made of plastic, with magnets on its two right-angled sides, which can attract it to the inside of the tower leg angle steel for easy installation and observation. A high-precision reflector is set on the long side. A total of 4 tower leg monitoring piles are set, which are respectively set at the bottom of the main tower leg material to monitor the displacement of the tower leg angle steel.

[0010] Furthermore, two automatic displacement monitoring devices are installed, respectively located on the lower plane of the inner side angle steel of the tower leg top partition in the opposite direction of the key observation direction. They can automatically scan and capture the reflective sheets of the reference pile, displacement monitoring pile, and tower leg monitoring pile, automatically collect their displacement data, and transmit the data to the signal transmitting device.

[0011] Furthermore, one automatic image monitoring device is installed, located on the outer side of the outer angle steel of the tower leg top partition in the key observation direction. It can automatically take high-definition photos of the observation area and transmit the data to the signal transmitting device.

[0012] Furthermore, the energy collection and supply device is located at the slope inlet of the iron tower, uses solar panels to absorb solar energy and stores it through lithium batteries to supply power to the automatic displacement monitoring device, the automatic image monitoring device, and the signal transmission device.

[0013] Furthermore, the signal transmitting device is positioned at the slope inlet of the tower, enabling wireless transmission of data from the automatic displacement monitoring device, the automatic image monitoring device, and the deep soil monitoring device to the data processing terminal.

[0014] Furthermore, the data processing terminal can receive data signals from the signal transmitting device, set displacement alarm values ​​for displacement signals collected by the automatic displacement monitoring device and the deep soil monitoring device, and issue an alarm when triggered; for image signals collected by the automatic image monitoring device, it can compare images during the monitoring period, analyze the percentage of the area of ​​the changed area in the image relative to the monitored area, set erosion alarm values, and issue an alarm when triggered.

[0015] Compared with conventional technology, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention not only solves the problem of poor transportation conditions or difficulty in inspecting overhead power transmission towers during extreme weather, but also enables real-time automatic monitoring and analysis of adverse geological disasters at the tower foundation. This greatly saves on operation and maintenance costs, ensures the safety of the tower foundation, reduces potential engineering hazards, and has significant social and economic benefits. Attached image description:

[0017] Figure 1 Overall schematic diagram;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the monitoring area location layout;

[0019] Figure 3 : Reference pile structure diagram;

[0020] Figure 4 Displacement monitoring pile structure diagram;

[0021] Figure 5 : Structural diagram of deep soil monitoring device;

[0022] Figure 6 : Location diagram of tower leg inspection piles;

[0023] Figure 7 : Figure 6 The "1-1" cross-sectional view;

[0024] Figure 8 : Figure 7 Sectional view "2-2";

[0025] Figure 9 : Schematic diagram of the locations of the automatic displacement monitoring device and the automatic image monitoring device;

[0026] Figure 10 : Figure 9 Section 4-4;

[0027] Figure 11 : Figure 9 The "5-5" cross-sectional view;

[0028] Figure 12 : Schematic diagram of the location of the power supply device and the signal transmission device;

[0029] Figure 13 : Figure 12 Section 3-3;

[0030] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of data processing terminal;

[0031] Among them, 1-long round tube, 2-circular reflector, 3-large shield, 4-short round tube, 5-elliptical reflector, 6-small shield, 7-inclinometer tube, 8-signal transmitter, 9-triangular prism, 10-magnet, 11-high-precision reflector, 12-automatic displacement monitoring device, 13-automatic image monitoring device, 14-power supply device, 15-signal transmission device, 16-data processing terminal. Detailed implementation method:

[0032] The specific implementation of this utility model is as follows:

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model provides an integrated monitoring and alarm device for the deformation and erosion rate of transmission tower foundations. The integrated device consists of a reference pile, a displacement monitoring pile, a deep soil monitoring device, a tower leg monitoring pile, an automatic displacement monitoring device, an automatic image monitoring device, a power supply device, a signal transmission device, and a data processing terminal.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment, the reference pile consists of an elongated tube, a circular reflector, and a large shielding plate. The elongated tube is made of aluminum, with an outer diameter of 50mm, a wall thickness of 3mm, and a total length of 1200mm. Its bottom is conical for easy driving into the soil. During use, the elongated tube is driven 1000mm into the ground to fix it in place and ensure the position of the reference point remains unchanged. The top surface of the elongated tube has a horizontally arranged circular reflector for easy identification and observation. A 200mm length of the elongated tube is left above ground to prevent damage from boulders. Obstacles such as earthen slopes obstruct the observation field of view; a large obstruction plate is installed at the junction of the long cylindrical pipe and the ground surface. The large obstruction plate is made of white polyvinyl chloride and is a circular plate with a diameter of 800mm. When in use, the large obstruction plate is nailed to the ground surface to suppress the growth of weeds that obstruct the observation field of view; a total of 2 reference piles are set up. One reference pile is placed at the center of the tower base as the main reference point to compare the deformation of the observation point; a secondary reference point is placed 20m away from the tower leg in the opposite direction of the observation area to calibrate the main reference point and prevent the position of the main reference point from changing when the tower base is greatly deformed.

[0035] Reference Figure 4In a preferred embodiment, the displacement monitoring pile consists of a short circular tube, an elliptical reflector, and a small shielding plate. The short circular tube is made of aluminum, with a diameter of 50mm, a wall thickness of 3mm, and a total length of 400mm. Its bottom is conical for easy driving into the soil. The top 50mm is a 45-degree bevel, and an elliptical reflector is arranged on the bevel. When in use, the bevel is aligned with the direction of the automatic displacement monitoring device, resulting in a wider field of view and easier automatic capture of the measuring point. The short circular tube is driven 200mm into the ground for fixation. A 200mm section of the short circular tube is left above ground to prevent sand and gravel from obstructing the observation field. A small shielding plate, made of white polyvinyl chloride, is installed at the junction of the short circular tube and the ground surface, with a diameter of 4mm. A 0.00mm circular plate is used; small blocking plates are nailed to the ground to suppress weed growth and prevent obstruction of the observation field. Displacement monitoring stakes are placed every 1m in the 0-10m range from the halfway point of the foundation along the key observation direction, and every 5m in the 10m-20m range. Along the line connecting the tower center and the tower leg, one displacement monitoring stake is placed every 5m in the 0m-20m range from the tower leg. A displacement monitoring stake is placed every 5m along the 0-20m range of the key observation direction and the midline of the line connecting the tower center and the tower leg. By densifying the measuring points in the 0-10m range of the key observation direction, precise control measurement can be achieved. By dispersing measurements in other directions, monitoring costs are saved while meeting the monitoring technical requirements.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 In a preferred embodiment, the deep soil monitoring device consists of an inclinometer tube and a signal transmitter. The inclinometer tube is 10m long and is buried underground by drilling holes with a Luoyang shovel, with fine sand poured into the gaps. A signal transmitter is installed at the top of the inclinometer tube to send the deep soil deformation value to the signal transmitting device. A total of three deep soil monitoring devices are arranged, one at a position 10m from the half-root opening of the foundation along the key observation direction, and the other at a position 10m from the tower leg along the line connecting the center of the tower to the two tower legs. This ensures that the burial depth of the inclinometer tube is at a 45-degree angle to the top of the foundation, which facilitates the analysis of the impact of deep soil deformation on the change of earth pressure on the outside of the foundation.

[0037] Reference Figures 6 to 8 In a preferred embodiment, the tower leg monitoring pile consists of a triangular prism, a magnet, and a high-precision reflector. The triangular prism is made of plastic, and magnets are set on the two right-angled sides so that it can be attracted to the inside of the tower leg angle steel for easy installation and observation. A high-precision reflector is set on the long side. A total of 4 tower leg monitoring piles are set, which are respectively set at the bottom of the main tower leg material to monitor the displacement of the tower leg angle steel.

[0038] Reference Figures 9 to 11In a preferred embodiment, two automatic displacement monitoring devices are provided, respectively arranged on the lower plane of the inner side angle steel of the tower leg top partition in the opposite direction of the key observation direction. They can automatically scan and capture the reflective sheets of the reference pile, displacement monitoring pile, and tower leg monitoring pile, automatically collect their displacement data, and transmit the data to the signal transmitting device.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, one automatic image monitoring device is provided, which is arranged on the outer side of the outer angle steel of the tower leg top partition in the key observation direction. It can automatically take high-definition photos of the observation area and transmit the data to the signal transmitting device.

[0040] Reference Figure 12 and Figure 13 In a preferred embodiment, the energy collection device is arranged at the slope inlet of the tower, uses solar panels to absorb solar energy and stores it through lithium batteries to supply power to the displacement automatic monitoring device, the image automatic monitoring device, and the signal transmission device.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the signal transmitting device is arranged at the slope inlet of the tower, and can wirelessly transmit the data from the automatic displacement monitoring device, the automatic image monitoring device, and the deep soil monitoring device to the data processing terminal.

[0042] Reference Figure 14 In a preferred embodiment, the data processing terminal can receive data signals from the signal transmitting device, set displacement alarm values ​​for displacement signals collected by the automatic displacement monitoring device and the deep soil monitoring device, and issue an alarm when triggered; for image signals collected by the automatic image monitoring device, it can compare images from multiple monitoring periods, analyze the percentage of the area of ​​the changed area in the image relative to the monitored area, set erosion alarm values, and issue an alarm when triggered.

[0043] It should be noted that the functions of the data processing terminal are well-known technologies in the industry. This utility model protects the connection relationship between various systems, and does not improve the method or program.

[0044] The specific construction process of this integrated device is as follows:

[0045] 1) Determine the geological disaster-prone areas of the tower base based on geological conditions and identify key observation directions.

[0046] 2) At the designated location, drive the long circular pipe of the reference pile 1000mm into the ground, clear weeds at the ground boundary, nail in a large shielding board, and arrange circular reflectors. Place one reference pile at the center of the tower base as the primary reference point to compare the deformation of the observation point; place one secondary reference point 20m away from the tower leg in the opposite direction of the observation area to calibrate the primary reference point and prevent the position of the primary reference point from changing when the tower base deforms significantly.

[0047] 3) Install displacement monitoring stakes. Align the beveled top of the short circular tube of the displacement monitoring stake with the automatic displacement monitoring device. Drive the short circular tube 200mm into the ground at the set position. Clear weeds and nail in small shielding boards at the ground boundary, and arrange elliptical reflective sheets. Along the key observation direction, place one displacement monitoring stake every 1m in the 0-10m range starting from the halfway point of the foundation, and one every 5m in the 10m-20m range. In the direction connecting the tower center and the tower leg, place one displacement monitoring stake every 5m in the 0m-20m range starting from the tower leg. In the key observation direction and along the midline of the 0-20m range connecting the tower center and the tower leg, place one stake every 5m.

[0048] 4) Install deep soil monitoring devices. At the designated locations, use a Luoyang shovel to drill holes and bury the inclinometer tubes of the deep soil monitoring devices underground, filling the gaps with fine sand. A total of three deep soil monitoring devices are installed: one along the key observation direction, 10m from the halfway point of the foundation; and one each at the center of the tower and along the lines connecting the tower legs, 10m from the tower legs.

[0049] 5) Install tower leg monitoring piles, four of which are set at the bottom of the main tower leg material and are attached to the inside of the tower leg angle steel by magnets to monitor the displacement of the tower leg angle steel.

[0050] 6) Arrange automatic displacement monitoring devices on the inner side of the angle steel of the tower leg top partition in the opposite direction of the key observation direction to collect displacement data of the benchmark pile and displacement monitoring pile.

[0051] 7) The automatic image monitoring device is placed on the outer side of the outer angle steel of the tower leg top partition in the key observation direction. The automatic image monitoring device can periodically observe high-definition photos of the area.

[0052] 8) Install the power supply device and signal transmission device at the inlet position of the tower slope. The power supply device supplies power to the automatic displacement monitoring device, automatic image monitoring device, and signal transmission device. The signal transmission device receives signals from the automatic displacement monitoring device, automatic image monitoring device, and deep soil monitoring device, and transmits them wirelessly.

[0053] 9) Receive data signals from the signal transmitting device through the data processing terminal, set data alarm values, and process and analyze the data.

Claims

1. An integrated monitoring and alarm device for the deformation and erosion rate of transmission line tower foundations, characterized in that, It consists of benchmark piles, displacement monitoring piles, deep soil monitoring devices, tower leg monitoring piles, automatic displacement monitoring devices, automatic image monitoring devices, power supply devices, signal transmission devices, and data processing terminals; Two reference piles are set up in total. One reference pile is arranged at the center of the tower base as the main reference point, and the other reference pile is arranged 20m away from the tower leg in the opposite direction of the observation area as the secondary reference point. Along the key observation direction, displacement monitoring piles are arranged at 1m intervals within a range of 0-10m from the half-open position of the foundation, and at 5m intervals within a range of 10m-20m; along the line connecting the tower center and the tower leg, displacement monitoring piles are arranged at 5m intervals within a range of 0m-20m from the tower leg; and along the centerline of the line connecting the tower center and the tower leg in the key observation direction, displacement monitoring piles are arranged at 5m intervals within a range of 0-20m. Three deep soil monitoring devices are arranged, one at a position 10m from the half-opening position of the foundation along the key observation direction, and the other at a position 10m from the tower leg along the line connecting the center of the tower to the two tower legs. A total of four monitoring piles are installed on the tower leg, one of which is located at the bottom of the main tower leg material. Two automatic displacement monitoring devices are installed, one on the inner side of the angle steel of the tower leg top partition, which is opposite to the key observation direction. One automatic image monitoring device is installed, located on the outer side of the outer angle steel of the top partition of the tower leg in the key observation direction; The energy collection and supply device is located at the inlet of the tower's slope. The signal transmitting device is located at the inlet of the tower where the slope changes.

2. The integrated monitoring and alarm device for deformation and erosion rate of transmission tower foundation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reference stake consists of an elongated tube, a circular reflector, and a large shielding plate. The elongated tube is made of aluminum, with an outer diameter of 50mm, a wall thickness of 3mm, and a total length of 1200mm. Its bottom is conical for easy driving into the soil. During use, the elongated tube is driven 1000mm into the ground to fix it in place and ensure the position of the reference point remains unchanged. The top surface of the elongated tube has a horizontally arranged circular reflector for easy identification and observation. A 200mm length of the elongated tube is left above ground to prevent obstacles such as rocks and slopes from obstructing the observation view. A large shielding plate is installed at the junction of the elongated tube and the ground surface. The large shielding plate is made of white polyvinyl chloride and is a circular plate with a diameter of 800mm. During use, the large shielding plate is nailed to the ground surface to suppress weed growth and prevent it from obstructing the observation view.

3. The integrated monitoring and alarm device for deformation and erosion rate of transmission tower foundation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement monitoring pile consists of a short circular tube, an elliptical reflector, and a small shielding plate. The short circular tube is made of aluminum, with a diameter of 50mm, a wall thickness of 3mm, and a total length of 400mm. Its bottom is conical for easy driving into the soil. The top 50mm is a 45-degree bevel, with an elliptical reflector arranged on the bevel. When in use, the bevel is aligned with the direction of the automatic displacement monitoring device for a wider field of view and easier automatic capture of the measuring point. The short circular tube is driven 200mm into the ground for fixation. A 200mm section of the short circular tube is left above ground to prevent sand and gravel from obstructing the observation field. A small shielding plate is installed at the junction of the short circular tube and the ground surface. The small shielding plate is made of white polyvinyl chloride and is a circular plate with a diameter of 400mm. When in use, the small shielding plate is nailed to the ground surface to suppress weed growth and prevent obstruction of the observation field.

4. The integrated monitoring and alarm device for deformation and erosion rate of transmission tower foundation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The deep soil monitoring device consists of an inclinometer tube and a signal transmitter. The inclinometer tube is 10m long. It is buried underground by drilling holes with a Luoyang shovel and filling the gaps with fine sand. A signal transmitter is installed at the top of the inclinometer tube, which can send the deep soil deformation value to the signal transmitting device.

5. The integrated monitoring and alarm device for deformation and erosion rate of transmission tower foundation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tower leg monitoring pile consists of a triangular prism, a magnet, and a high-precision reflector. The triangular prism is made of plastic, with magnets on its two right-angled sides, which can be attracted to the inside of the tower leg angle steel for easy installation and observation; a high-precision reflector is set on the long side.

6. The integrated monitoring and alarm device for deformation and erosion rate of transmission tower foundation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing terminal can receive data signals from the signal transmitting device. For displacement signals collected by the automatic displacement monitoring device and the signal transmitter, a displacement alarm value can be set, and an alarm will be issued when triggered. For image signals collected by the automatic image monitoring device, images during the monitoring period can be compared to analyze the percentage of the area of ​​change in the image relative to the monitored area. An erosion alarm value can be set, and an alarm will be issued when triggered.

Images