Exhaust gas turbocharger

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of exhaust turbine superchargers, including compressor and bleeder valve actuator, bleeder valve actuator includes shell;Shell outside is sleeved with cooling cover, cooling chamber and cooling gas inlet are formed between cooling cover and shell, cooling gas outlet is provided on cooling cover, and cooling gas outlet is communicated with the compression gas inlet of compressor;First baffle is connected with the inner wall of cooling cover around, the outer wall of shell is connected with second baffle around, first baffle and second baffle are oppositely arranged and have gap.In the work of compressor, cooling gas naturally passes through pressure difference from cooler inlet into cooling chamber, without external cooling equipment, it can realize bleeder valve actuator self-cooling, solve the failure problem caused by high temperature.At the same time, the gap between first baffle and second baffle forms a narrow passage for gas flow, which can further accelerate the gas flow rate, and effectively improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engine turbocharger technology, and in particular to an exhaust gas turbocharger. Background Technology

[0002] An exhaust gas turbocharger mainly consists of a turbine and a compressor. Exhaust gas from the engine is introduced into the turbine, and the energy of the exhaust gas drives the turbine to rotate, thereby driving the compressor coaxial with the turbine to achieve supercharging. The turbine inlet is connected to the engine exhaust manifold, and the exhaust outlet is connected to the exhaust pipe. For example, patent document CN201680006857.1 discloses an exhaust gas turbocharger, which includes a compressor housing, a bearing housing, a turbine housing, a turbine impeller arranged therein, a housing inlet, a turbine helix connected to the housing inlet, a housing outlet, and an exhaust valve device. In the open state, the exhaust valve device connects the housing inlet and the housing outlet to guide the exhaust gas mass flow. An exhaust valve insertion component is arranged in the turbine housing between the turbine impeller and the housing outlet, and the open exhaust valve device introduces the exhaust gas mass flow into the exhaust valve insertion component.

[0003] In actual use, excessively high temperatures can cause turbocharger malfunctions, among which malfunctions of the turbocharger wastegate actuator due to excessively high exhaust temperatures are common. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes an exhaust gas turbocharger that can solve the problem of malfunctions caused by high temperatures.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an exhaust gas turbocharger includes a compressor and a wastegate actuator. The wastegate actuator includes a housing. A cooling shroud is sleeved on the outer side of the housing, forming a cooling chamber and a cooling gas inlet communicating with the cooling chamber. The cooling shroud is provided with a cooling gas outlet opposite to the cooling gas inlet and communicating with the cooling chamber, and the cooling gas outlet is communicating with the compressor inlet. A first guide plate is circumferentially connected to the inner wall of the cooling shroud, and a second guide plate is adapted to be circumferentially connected to the outer wall of the housing. The first guide plate and the second guide plate are disposed opposite to each other, and there is a gap between the first guide plate and the second guide plate.

[0006] The exhaust gas turbocharger according to this utility model embodiment has at least the following beneficial effects: Since the compressor inlet is under negative pressure during operation, and the cooling gas outlet connected to the compressor inlet is also under negative pressure, the cooling gas naturally enters the cooling chamber from the cooler inlet through the pressure difference. This eliminates the need for external cooling equipment, enabling the exhaust valve actuator to self-cool, thus solving the problem of malfunctions caused by high temperatures. Furthermore, the gap between the first and second guide plates forms a narrow channel for gas flow, further accelerating the gas velocity and effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first guide plate is sequentially connected with a first inclined plate, a guide straight plate, and a second inclined plate along the airflow direction.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the inclination of the first inclined plate is less than that of the second inclined plate.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the length of the guide plate is not greater than the length of the first inclined plate.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the structure of the second guide plate is the same as that of the first guide plate and they are arranged symmetrically.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling air inlet is in the shape of a trumpet.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a rubber diaphragm is provided inside the housing. One side of the rubber diaphragm forms a sealed space with the housing, and a spring and a valve stem are provided on the other side of the rubber diaphragm. One end of the spring abuts against the rubber diaphragm, and the other end of the spring abuts against the housing. The valve stem extends out of the housing.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a compressor pipe is provided on the housing, one end of the compressor pipe passes through the cooling chamber and communicates with the sealed space, and the other end of the compressor pipe is communicated with the exhaust outlet of the compressor.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the housing is also provided with a plurality of connecting posts spaced around the air compressor pipe, and the end of each connecting post away from the housing is connected to the cooling shroud.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the exhaust gas turbocharger further includes a turbine and a bleed valve body connected to the turbine, wherein one end of the valve stem extending out of the housing is connected to the bleed valve body.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust gas turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust valve actuator of the exhaust gas turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] 100. Compressor; 110. Compressed air inlet; 120. Exhaust outlet; 200. Vent valve actuator; 210. Housing; 211. Rubber diaphragm; 212. Sealing space; 213. Spring; 214. Valve stem; 215. Compressed air pipe; 216. Connecting column; 220. Cooling cover; 230. Cooling chamber; 240. Cooling air inlet; 250. Cooling air outlet; 260. First guide plate; 261. First inclined plate; 262. Guide straight plate; 263. Second inclined plate; 270. Second guide plate; 300. Vent valve body; 400. Turbine; 410. Exhaust gas inlet; 420. Exhaust gas outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If "first" or "second" is used in the description, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0025] Before introducing this utility model in detail, let's first understand some existing and mature structures mentioned in this utility model:

[0026] Exhaust gas turbocharger: Exhaust gas turbocharging is a method of using the exhaust energy of a diesel engine to drive a turbine to achieve supercharging of an internal combustion engine. An exhaust gas turbocharger mainly consists of three parts: a turbine, a bearing housing, and a compressor. The high-temperature, high-speed exhaust gases from the diesel engine cylinders are supplied to the turbocharger's turbine through the exhaust pipe, driving the turbine to rotate. The turbine then drives the compressor impeller, which is coaxial with the turbine. The compressor compresses the intake air, increasing its pressure. This compressed air then flows through the internal combustion engine's intake manifold and is supplied to the cylinders, thus achieving the purpose of supercharging.

[0027] Wastegate actuator: The function of the wastegate actuator is to bypass a portion of the exhaust gas pressure when the turbocharger is operating under high load, with the aim of improving the engine's low-speed performance. That is, to significantly increase the engine's power and torque without increasing the engine displacement.

[0028] The vent valve actuator mainly includes an air film, a spring, and a valve stem. The pressure at the compressor outlet pushes the air film, and the pressure on the air film compresses the actuator spring. The valve stem, which is connected to the spring, moves to push the vent valve, thereby opening the vent valve and realizing the function of directly bypassing the gas before the turbine to the gas after the turbine.

[0029] At high speeds and loads, the turbocharger's wastegate is opened by an actuator, allowing some exhaust gas to enter the exhaust pipe directly through the wastegate, releasing a portion of the exhaust gas. This reduces the turbine speed, thereby controlling the boost pressure. When the engine is running at low speeds, the compressor outlet pressure is lower, and the wastegate closes under the action of the return spring. All the exhaust gas discharged from the engine passes through the turbine end of the turbocharger, increasing the turbine speed and generating greater intake boost pressure, increasing the intake volume, and improving the engine's low-speed performance.

[0030] refer to Figure 1 as well as Figure 2As shown, the exhaust gas turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a compressor 100 and a wastegate actuator 200. The wastegate actuator 200 includes a housing 210. A cooling shroud 220 is sleeved on the outside of the housing 210. A cooling chamber 230 is formed between the cooling shroud 220 and the housing 210, and a cooling gas inlet 240 communicating with the cooling chamber 230 is provided on the cooling shroud 220. A cooling gas outlet 250 is provided on the cooling shroud 220 opposite to the cooling gas inlet 240 and communicating with the cooling chamber 230. The cooling gas outlet 250 is communicating with the compressor inlet 110 of the compressor 100. A first guide plate 260 is connected around the inner wall of the cooling shroud 220, and a second guide plate 270 is connected around the outer wall of the housing 210. The first guide plate 260 and the second guide plate 270 are arranged opposite to each other and there is a gap between the first guide plate 260 and the second guide plate 270.

[0031] In practical use, because the compressor inlet 110 is under negative pressure when the compressor 100 is working, the cooling gas outlet 250 connected to the compressor inlet 110 is also under negative pressure. The cooling gas naturally enters the cooling chamber 230 from the cooler inlet through the pressure difference, achieving self-cooling of the vent valve actuator 200 without the need for external cooling equipment, thus solving the problem of malfunctions caused by high temperatures. Simultaneously, the gap between the first guide plate 260 and the second guide plate 270 forms a narrow channel for gas flow, further accelerating the gas flow rate and effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency. Moreover, the negative pressure formed through the compressor 100 inlet generates a large pressure difference, which can quickly remove heat, improving cooling efficiency. Only the addition of a cooling cover 220 and connecting pipes is needed to achieve the cooling effect, resulting in a simple structure. Furthermore, under low load, the turbocharger speed is low, the gas flow is slow, and the cooling capacity is low; under high load, the turbocharger speed is high, the gas flow is fast, and the cooling capacity is high, exhibiting an adaptive effect and meeting the high heat dissipation requirements at high speeds.

[0032] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, it may also have the following additional technical features: the first guide plate 260 is connected in sequence with the first inclined plate 261, the guide straight plate 262 and the second inclined plate 263 along the airflow direction.

[0033] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, it may also have the following additional technical features: the inclination of the first inclined plate 261 is less than the inclination of the second inclined plate 263.

[0034] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, it may also have the following additional technical features: the length of the guide plate 262 is not greater than the length of the first inclined plate 261.

[0035] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, it may also have the following additional technical features: the structure of the second guide plate 270 is the same as that of the first guide plate 260 and is symmetrically arranged.

[0036] Through the above design, the cooling air after passing through the cooling air inlet 240 passes sequentially through the first inclined plate 261, the guide plate 262, and the second inclined plate 263. At this time, the connection between the first inclined plate 261 and the guide plate 262 suddenly narrows, causing the gas to accumulate and form a relatively high pressure. Meanwhile, the connection between the guide plate 262 and the second inclined plate 263 suddenly widens, allowing the gas to be released quickly and forming a relatively low pressure. At this time, the airflow velocity in the guide plate 262 increases due to the pressure difference between the two ends of the guide plate 262. At the same time, due to the change in the volume of the cavity before and after passing through the guide plate 262, the pressure of the gas flowing out of the guide plate 262 drops sharply and is quickly dispersed into the rear half of the entire cooling chamber 230, so that it can fully contact the outer wall of the shell 210, thereby more fully exchanging heat with the shell 210 and carrying away the heat accumulated in the vent valve actuator 200.

[0037] Preferably, the outer wall of the housing 210 has a turbulence pattern (not shown in the figure). Specifically, as the simplest processing method, the turbulence pattern can be an external thread, which is formed by machining an external thread on the outer surface of the housing 210. Alternatively, an uneven shape can be formed on the surface of the housing 210 by laser engraving or etching. The function of the turbulence pattern is to create turbulence when the gas comes into contact with the outer surface of the housing 210 due to the unevenness of the outer surface. The gas in the turbulent state can have a longer relative residence time and heat exchange time, thereby removing more of the heat accumulated in the vent valve actuator 200.

[0038] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, it may also have the following additional technical features: the cooling air inlet 240 is in the shape of a flared mouth.

[0039] The flared cooling air inlet 240 can further increase the amount of gas entering the cooling chamber 230. Specifically, the outer wall of the housing 210 is rounded, and the edge of the cooling shroud 220 is bent outward to form the flared cooling air inlet 240.

[0040] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, it may also have the following additional technical features: a rubber diaphragm 211 is provided inside the housing 210, one side of the rubber diaphragm 211 forms a sealed space 212 with the housing 210, a spring 213 and a valve stem 214 are provided on the other side of the rubber diaphragm 211, one end of the spring 213 abuts against the rubber diaphragm 211, the other end of the spring 213 abuts against the housing 210, and the valve stem 214 extends out of the housing 210.

[0041] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, it may also have the following additional technical features: a compressed air pipe 215 is provided on the housing 210, one end of the compressed air pipe 215 passes through the cooling chamber 230 and communicates with the sealed space 212, and the other end of the compressed air pipe 215 is communicated with the exhaust outlet 120 of the compressor 100.

[0042] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, it may also have the following additional technical features: multiple connecting posts 216 are also connected at intervals around the compressor pipe 215 on the housing 210, and the end of the connecting post 216 away from the housing 210 is connected to the cooling cover 220.

[0043] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, it may also have the following additional technical features: the exhaust gas turbocharger further includes a turbine 400 and a wastegate body 300 connected to the turbine 400, with one end of the valve stem 214 extending out of the housing 210 connected to the wastegate body 300. Specifically, the turbine 400 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 410 and an exhaust gas outlet 420, with the wastegate body 300 bypassed at the exhaust gas inlet 410, and one end of the valve stem 214 extending out of the housing 210 connected to the wastegate.

[0044] The pressure at the exhaust outlet 120 of the compressor 100 can push the rubber diaphragm 211, and the pressure on the rubber diaphragm 211 compresses the spring 213. The valve stem 214 connected to the spring 213 moves to push the vent valve, thereby opening the vent valve and realizing the function of directly bypassing the gas before the turbine to the gas after the turbine.

[0045] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An exhaust gas turbocharger, characterized in that, The device includes a compressor (100) and a vent valve actuator (200). The vent valve actuator (200) includes a housing (210). A cooling shroud (220) is fitted around the outside of the housing (210). A cooling chamber (230) and a cooling air inlet (240) communicating with the cooling chamber (230) are formed between the cooling shroud (220) and the housing (210). The cooling shroud (220) is provided with a cooling air inlet (240) opposite to the cooling air inlet (240) and connected to the cooling chamber (230). A cooling gas outlet (250) is provided, and the cooling gas outlet (250) is connected to the compressed air inlet (110) of the compressor (100); a first guide plate (260) is connected around the inner wall of the cooling cover (220), and a second guide plate (270) is connected around the outer wall of the housing (210) in a corresponding manner. The first guide plate (260) and the second guide plate (270) are arranged opposite to each other and there is a gap between the first guide plate (260) and the second guide plate (270).

2. The exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide plate (260) is connected in sequence with a first inclined plate (261), a guide straight plate (262) and a second inclined plate (263) along the airflow direction.

3. The exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inclination of the first inclined plate (261) is less than that of the second inclined plate (263).

4. The exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the straight guide plate (262) is not greater than the length of the first inclined plate (261).

5. The exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 4, characterized in that, The structure of the second guide plate (270) is the same as that of the first guide plate (260) and they are arranged symmetrically.

6. The exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling air inlet (240) is in the shape of a trumpet.

7. The exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rubber diaphragm (211) is provided inside the housing (210). One side of the rubber diaphragm (211) forms a sealed space (212) with the housing (210). A spring (213) and a valve stem (214) are provided on the other side of the rubber diaphragm (211). One end of the spring (213) abuts against the rubber diaphragm (211), and the other end of the spring (213) abuts against the housing (210). The valve stem (214) extends out of the housing (210).

8. The exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 7, characterized in that, The housing (210) is provided with a compressor pipe (215), one end of which passes through the cooling chamber (230) and communicates with the sealed space (212), and the other end of which communicates with the exhaust outlet (120) of the compressor (100).

9. The exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 8, characterized in that, The housing (210) is also surrounded by a plurality of connecting posts (216) at intervals, and the end of the connecting post (216) away from the housing (210) is connected to the cooling cover (220).

10. The exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 9, characterized in that, The exhaust gas turbocharger also includes a turbine (400) and a bleed valve body (300) connected to the turbine (400), with one end of the valve stem (214) extending out of the housing (210) connected to the bleed valve body (300).

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