Electromagnetic clutch and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to the automobile technical field and discloses an electromagnetic clutch and an automobile, which comprise an input shaft, a sliding sleeve, a hollow gear, an electromagnetic driving component and a buffer assembly; the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the input shaft, is fixed in a circumferential direction relative to the input shaft and can slide relative to the input shaft in an axial direction; one side end surface of the sliding sleeve is provided with a first end gear disc; the hollow gear is hollowed on the input shaft and is fixed in an axial direction relative to the input shaft; one side of the hollow gear facing the sliding sleeve is provided with a second end gear disc which can be engaged with the first end gear disc; the buffer assembly is arranged on the hollow gear and / or the sliding sleeve and is used for elastically abutting against the end surface of the first end gear disc and / or the second end gear disc during engagement of the first end gear disc and the second end gear disc. Therefore, impact vibration and noise during gear engagement can be improved, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive technology, and more particularly to an electromagnetic clutch and an automobile. Background Technology

[0002] With the booming development of the new energy vehicle industry, hybrid vehicles have become an important development direction in the current market due to their ability to effectively balance fuel economy and long driving range. In the automotive transmission system, the clutch is the core component for power transmission, disengagement, and gear shifting. Depending on the driving method, clutches can be divided into various types, such as mechanical, hydraulic, and electromagnetic. Among them, electromagnetic clutches are increasingly widely used in hybrid electric drive systems due to their advantages such as fast response speed, high control precision, and ease of electronic control integration.

[0003] Based on their engagement method, electromagnetic clutches are mainly divided into two categories: friction type and dog clutch type (also known as toothed type). Friction type electromagnetic clutches rely on electromagnetic force to press the friction plates together and transmit power through frictional torque. While their engagement is smooth, they suffer from drawbacks such as easy wear and high drag loss. Dog clutch type electromagnetic clutches, on the other hand, achieve rigid connection through the mechanical meshing of the dog teeth on the end face of the sliding sleeve and the tooth grooves on the end face of the gear. They offer significant advantages such as compact structure, low cost, no drag loss, and fast response speed, thus showing promising application prospects in the field of hybrid electric drives. A typical dog clutch type electromagnetic clutch mainly includes an input shaft, an electromagnetic clutch sliding sleeve, and a gear. During gear engagement, electromagnetic force drives the sliding sleeve to move rapidly along the axial direction, causing the teeth on the end face of the sliding sleeve to mesh with the teeth on the end face of the gear, thereby achieving rigid power transmission.

[0004] However, in practical applications, during gear shifting, the sliding sleeve moves axially at high speed under the drive of electromagnetic force. The meshing teeth on its end face are prone to a violent rigid impact upon contact with the meshing teeth on the gear end face, resulting in significant impact vibration and noise. To alleviate this problem, existing technologies attempt to control the growth rate of the electromagnetic force by adjusting the coil current, aiming to make the sliding sleeve approach the target gear at a lower speed, thereby reducing the impact intensity. However, because the electromagnetic force is established extremely rapidly (typically on the order of milliseconds), and the dynamic response of the current control system has an inherent delay, it is difficult to match the rapid changes in the electromagnetic force in real time. Consequently, the above strategies have limited effectiveness in actual working conditions, and the impact and noise problems have not been effectively suppressed. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides an electromagnetic clutch and automobile that can improve the impact vibration and noise during gear shifting and extend service life.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted in this application include: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electromagnetic clutch, comprising: Input axis; A sliding sleeve is fitted onto the input shaft, maintaining circumferential relative fixation with the input shaft while being able to slide relative to it axially; a first end gear is provided on one end face of the sliding sleeve; A loose gear is loosely fitted onto the input shaft and fixed axially relative to the input shaft; the loose gear has a second end gear on the side facing the sliding sleeve that can mesh with the first end gear; An electromagnetic drive component is used to drive the sliding sleeve to slide axially; A buffer assembly is disposed on the empty sleeve gear, and at least a portion of the buffer assembly can protrude from the end face of the second end gear, for elastically abutting against the end face of the first end gear during the engagement of the first end gear and the second end gear. And / or the buffer assembly is disposed on the sliding sleeve, and at least a portion of the buffer assembly may protrude from the end face of the first end gear disk, for elastically abutting against the end face of the second end gear disk during the engagement of the first end gear disk and the second end gear disk.

[0007] The electromagnetic clutch proposed in this application embodiment, by setting the buffer component, can absorb the engagement impact energy during the engagement of the first end gear plate and the second end gear plate, reduce the relative speed between the first end gear plate and the second end gear plate, and after the buffer component is compressed, the first end gear plate and the second end gear plate gradually engage. This can effectively buffer the rapid axial movement impact of the sliding sleeve driven by electromagnetic force, reduce the impact vibration and noise at the moment of engagement, protect the tooth surface of the end gear plate, and extend the service life of the electromagnetic clutch.

[0008] Optionally, the buffer assembly includes a buffer pin and a buffer spring; the empty sleeve gear and / or the sliding sleeve are provided with mounting holes; the buffer pin is axially movable within the mounting hole, and at least a portion of the buffer pin can protrude outside the mounting hole; the buffer spring is located within the mounting hole and abuts against the buffer pin.

[0009] In the above scheme, through the cooperation of the buffer pin and the buffer spring, during the engagement of the first end toothed disc and the second end tooth, the buffer pin will be pushed to compress the buffer spring, forming an elastic buffer, thereby absorbing the engagement impact energy and smoothly and reliably slowing down the movement speed of the sliding sleeve; the buffer structure is simple and compact, the buffering effect is reliable, and it is easy to process and assemble.

[0010] Optionally, the buffer pin includes a small-diameter section away from the buffer spring and a large-diameter section close to the buffer spring; the mounting hole includes a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole that are interconnected, and the inner diameter of the first mounting hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the second mounting hole; the small-diameter section is slidably fitted in the first mounting hole, the large-diameter section is slidably fitted in the second mounting hole, and the buffer spring is disposed in the second mounting hole and abuts against the large-diameter section.

[0011] In the above scheme, the cooperation between the small diameter section and the first mounting hole can provide precise guidance for the buffer pin, and the cooperation between the large diameter section and the second mounting hole can form a limiting step to bear the elastic force of the buffer spring, thereby limiting the axial movement of the buffer pin and preventing the buffer pin from coming out of the mounting hole, thus improving the stability of the buffering process and the structural reliability.

[0012] Optionally, the number of buffer components is at least three, and the buffer components are evenly distributed along the circumference of the empty gear.

[0013] In the above scheme, by setting at least three circumferentially evenly distributed buffer components on the empty sleeve gear, a uniform and stable annular support surface can be formed during the engagement process, ensuring that the sliding sleeve is subjected to balanced force, avoiding off-center load, further improving the smoothness and reliability of engagement, and enhancing the buffering effect.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes a needle roller bearing; the needle roller bearing is disposed between the input shaft and the empty sleeve gear, so that the empty sleeve gear is loosely fitted on the input shaft.

[0015] In the above scheme, by setting the needle roller bearing between the input shaft and the empty sleeve gear, it can be ensured that the empty sleeve gear can rotate freely relative to the input shaft without interference, and can withstand a large radial load. At the same time, it has a small radial dimension, which is beneficial to the compact design of the electromagnetic clutch.

[0016] Optionally, it also includes a limiting member; a limiting step and a limiting groove are respectively provided on the input shaft at the positions on both sides of the axial direction of the empty gear; the limiting member is disposed in the limiting groove; the limiting step and the limiting member respectively limit the empty gear from both sides of the axial direction of the empty gear.

[0017] In the above solution, the limiting step and the limiting component cooperate with each other to limit the empty sleeve gear from both sides of the axial direction, ensuring that the axial relative position between the empty sleeve gear and the input shaft is fixed, preventing axial movement during operation. This solution is not only simple in structure and easy to assemble, but also has reliable limiting.

[0018] Optionally, the limiting step is located on the side of the empty sleeve gear near the sliding sleeve; the limiting step is an inclined step extending circumferentially along the input shaft, and its radial height gradually decreases from the side near the sliding sleeve to the side near the empty sleeve gear, and the end face of the empty sleeve gear is provided with a mating inclined surface that cooperates with the inclined step.

[0019] In the above scheme, by setting the limiting step as an inclined step and setting a matching inclined surface on the end face of the empty gear, compared with the traditional right-angle step structure, the inclined surface can achieve a gentler axial limiting and avoid rigid impact. At the same time, due to the setting of the matching inclined surface, the limiting step can be completely embedded in the contour of the end face of the empty gear and does not protrude from its end face. This allows the empty gear to achieve a tighter axial fit when engaging with the limiting step, which is beneficial to reducing the axial dimension of the electromagnetic clutch, improving space utilization, and enhancing engagement stability.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes a grinding plate disposed on the side of the empty sleeve gear away from the sliding sleeve, the mounting hole penetrating the empty sleeve gear, and the grinding plate covering the opening of the mounting hole on the side away from the buffer pin.

[0021] In the above scheme, by setting the wear-bearing plate on the side of the empty sleeve gear away from the sliding sleeve 2, a wear-resistant contact surface can be provided when the empty sleeve gear rotates, avoiding direct contact and friction between the end faces of the empty sleeve gear, thereby reducing wear and extending the service life of the clutch; at the same time, the wear-bearing plate can also facilitate the installation and maintenance of the buffer assembly, and prevent the buffer spring from popping out and affecting the buffering effect.

[0022] Optionally, the input shaft is provided with an external spline extending along the axial direction, and the inner hole of the sliding sleeve is provided with an internal spline adapted to the external spline, wherein the external spline and the internal spline mesh.

[0023] In the above scheme, the engagement of the external spline and the internal spline can achieve circumferential relative fixation and axial relative sliding between the sliding sleeve and the input shaft. The spline connection has strong load-bearing capacity and high guiding accuracy, and can reliably transmit torque, while ensuring the smooth axial movement of the sliding sleeve.

[0024] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an automobile that includes the aforementioned electromagnetic clutch.

[0025] The automobile proposed in this application, by employing the electromagnetic clutch equipped with the aforementioned buffer assembly, can absorb engagement impact energy and reduce the relative speed between the first and second end gears during engagement. After the buffer assembly is compressed, the first and second end gears gradually engage, thereby effectively buffering the rapid axial movement impact of the sliding sleeve driven by electromagnetic force, reducing impact vibration and noise at the moment of engagement, protecting the tooth surface of the end gears, and extending the service life of the electromagnetic clutch. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electromagnetic clutch in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a front view of the electromagnetic clutch in some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic clutch in some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 Here are exploded views of the electromagnetic clutch in some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow sleeve gear and buffer assembly in some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the hollow gear and buffer assembly in some embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the hollow gear and buffer assembly in some embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the input shaft structure in some embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding sleeve in some embodiments of this application.

[0028] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image] 1: Input shaft; 11: Limit step; 12: Limit groove; 13: External spline; 2: Sliding sleeve; 21: First end gear plate; 22: Internal spline; 3: Empty sleeve gear; 31: Second end gear plate; 32: Mounting hole; 321: First mounting hole; 322: Second mounting hole; 33: Mating bevel; 4: Electromagnetic drive components; 5: Buffer assembly; 51: Buffer pin; 511: Small diameter section; 512: Large diameter section; 52: Buffer spring; 6: Needle roller bearings; 7: Limiting components; 8: Grinding pads. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0031] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0034] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0035] Based on their engagement method, electromagnetic clutches are mainly divided into two categories: friction type and dog clutch type (also known as dog-tooth type). Friction type electromagnetic clutches rely on electromagnetic force to press the friction plates together and transmit power through frictional torque. While their engagement is smooth, they suffer from drawbacks such as easy wear and high drag losses. Dog clutch type electromagnetic clutches, on the other hand, achieve rigid connection through the mechanical meshing of the dog teeth on the end face of the sliding sleeve and the tooth grooves on the end face of the gear. They offer significant advantages such as compact structure, low cost, no drag losses, and fast response speed, thus showing promising application prospects in the field of hybrid electric drives. A typical dog clutch type electromagnetic clutch mainly includes an input shaft, an electromagnetic clutch sliding sleeve, and a gear. During gear engagement, electromagnetic force drives the sliding sleeve to move rapidly axially, causing the teeth on the end face of the sliding sleeve to mesh with the teeth on the end face of the gear, thereby achieving rigid power transmission. However, in practical applications, during gear engagement, the sliding sleeve moves axially at high speed under the drive of electromagnetic force, and the meshing teeth on its end face are prone to violent rigid impact at the moment of contact with the meshing teeth on the end face of the gear, resulting in significant impact vibration and noise. To mitigate this problem, existing technologies attempt to control the rate of increase of electromagnetic force by adjusting the coil current, aiming to bring the sliding sleeve closer to the target gear at a lower speed, thereby reducing the impact intensity. However, because the electromagnetic force is established extremely rapidly (typically on the order of milliseconds), and the dynamic response of the current control system has an inherent delay, it is difficult to match the rapid changes in electromagnetic force in real time. As a result, the above strategies have limited effectiveness in actual working conditions, and the impact and noise problems have not been effectively suppressed.

[0036] Therefore, in order to improve the impact vibration and noise during gear shifting and extend service life, this application provides an electromagnetic clutch. Please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The electromagnetic clutch includes an input shaft 1, a sliding sleeve 2, a loose gear 3, an electromagnetic drive component 4, and a buffer assembly 5, wherein: Input shaft 1 serves as the power input end, used to connect to the output end of a motor or engine to receive and transmit the power of rotational motion.

[0037] Sliding sleeve 2 is fitted onto input shaft 1, maintaining circumferential relative fixation with input shaft 1 while being able to slide relative to it axially; for example Figure 9 As shown, the sliding sleeve 2 has a first end gear 21 on one side end face along the axial direction.

[0038] The loose gear 3 is loosely fitted onto the input shaft 1 (meaning it can rotate relative to the input shaft 1 without interfering with it), and remains axially fixed relative to the input shaft 1; for example... Figure 5 As shown, the empty sleeve gear 3 has a second end gear 31 on the side facing the sliding sleeve 2, which can mesh with the first end gear 21.

[0039] The electromagnetic drive component 4 is used to drive the sliding sleeve 2 to slide axially. Specifically, the electromagnetic drive component 4 can be an electromagnet, an electromagnetic coil, or an electromagnetic solenoid, etc., and there is no limitation here. When the electromagnetic drive component 4 is energized, it generates an electromagnetic force to attract or push the sliding sleeve 2 to move axially.

[0040] The buffer assembly 5 is disposed on the empty sleeve gear 3 and / or the sliding sleeve 2; specifically, in this embodiment, the buffer assembly 5 is disposed on the empty sleeve gear 3, such as... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, at least a portion of the buffer assembly 5 may protrude from the end face of the second end gear 31, and is used to elastically abut against the end face of the first end gear 21 during the engagement of the first end gear 21 and the second end gear 31, so as to reduce the axial movement speed of the sliding sleeve 2. Alternatively, the buffer assembly 5 may also be disposed on the sliding sleeve 2, with at least a portion protruding from the end face of the first end gear 21, and used to elastically abut against the end face of the second end gear 31 during the engagement of the first end gear 21 and the second end gear 31, so as to reduce the axial movement speed of the sliding sleeve 2. Specifically, the number of buffer assemblies 5 can be one, two, three, or more, and is not limited here.

[0041] The electromagnetic clutch proposed in this application embodiment, by setting a buffer component 5, can absorb the engagement impact energy during the engagement of the first end gear plate 21 and the second end gear plate 31, reduce the relative speed between the first end gear plate 21 and the second end gear plate 31, and after the buffer component 5 is compressed, the first end gear plate 21 and the second end gear plate 31 gradually engage, thereby effectively buffering the rapid axial movement impact of the sliding sleeve 2 driven by electromagnetic force, reducing the impact vibration and noise at the moment of engagement, protecting the tooth surface of the end gear plate, and extending the service life of the electromagnetic clutch.

[0042] In other embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the buffer assembly 5 includes a buffer pin 51 and a buffer spring 52; the empty sleeve gear 3 is provided with a mounting hole 32; the buffer pin 51 is axially movable in the mounting hole 32, and at least a portion of the buffer pin 51 can protrude from the end face of the second end gear 31; the buffer spring 52 is provided in the mounting hole 32, located on the side of the buffer pin 51 away from the second end gear 31, and abuts against the buffer pin 51; specifically, the buffer spring 52 can be a helical spring, a disc spring, etc., which is not limited here; preferably, the end face of the buffer pin 51 facing the second end gear 31 is provided with a rounded chamfer.

[0043] In the above scheme, through the cooperation of the buffer pin 51 and the buffer spring 52, during the engagement of the first end toothed disc 21 and the second end toothed disc 31, the buffer pin 51 will be pushed to compress the buffer spring 52, forming an elastic buffer, thereby absorbing the engagement impact energy and smoothly and reliably slowing down the movement speed of the sliding sleeve 2; the buffer structure is simple and compact, the buffering effect is reliable, and it is easy to process and assemble.

[0044] In other embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the buffer pin 51 includes a small-diameter section 511 facing away from the buffer spring 52 and a large-diameter section 512 close to the buffer spring 52. The mounting hole 32 includes a first mounting hole 321 and a second mounting hole 322 that are interconnected, and the inner diameter of the first mounting hole 321 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second mounting hole 322. The small-diameter section 511 is slidably fitted in the first mounting hole 321, and the large-diameter section 512 is slidably fitted in the second mounting hole 322. The buffer spring 52 is disposed in the second mounting hole 322 and abuts against the large-diameter section 512. Specifically, the length of the small-diameter section 511 protruding outside the mounting hole 32 can be designed according to the actual working conditions, and is not limited here.

[0045] In the above scheme, the cooperation between the small diameter section 511 and the first mounting hole 321 can provide precise guidance for the buffer pin 51, and the cooperation between the large diameter section 512 and the second mounting hole 322 can form a limiting step to bear the elastic force of the buffer spring 52, thereby limiting the axial movement of the buffer pin 51, preventing the buffer pin 51 from coming out of the mounting hole 32, and thus improving the stability of the buffering process and the structural reliability.

[0046] In other embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the number of buffer components 5 is at least three, and the buffer components 5 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the hollow gear 3. Specifically, the number of buffer components 5 can be three, four, five, six or more, and there is no limitation here. Circumferential uniform distribution means that the included angle between two adjacent buffer components 5 is equal. For example, as shown in this embodiment, when the number of buffer components 5 is three, the included angle between two buffer components 5 is 120 degrees.

[0047] In the above scheme, by setting at least three circumferentially evenly distributed buffer components 5 on the empty sleeve gear 3, a uniform and stable annular support surface can be formed during the engagement process, ensuring that the sliding sleeve 2 is subjected to balanced force, avoiding uneven load, further improving the smoothness and reliability of the engagement, and enhancing the buffering effect.

[0048] In other embodiments, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 As shown, the electromagnetic clutch also includes a needle roller bearing 6; the needle roller bearing 6 is located between the input shaft 1 and the empty sleeve gear 3, so that the empty sleeve gear 3 is loosely fitted on the input shaft 1 (that is, it can be relatively rotated and fitted on the input shaft 1 without interfering with each other).

[0049] In the above scheme, by setting a needle roller bearing 6 between the input shaft 1 and the empty sleeve gear 3, it can be ensured that the empty sleeve gear 3 can rotate freely relative to the input shaft 1 without interference, and can withstand a large radial load. At the same time, it has a small radial dimension, which is conducive to the compact design of the electromagnetic clutch.

[0050] In other embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the electromagnetic clutch also includes a limiting member 7; a limiting step 11 and a limiting groove 12 are respectively provided on both sides of the axial direction of the empty gear 3 on the input shaft 1; the limiting member 7 is disposed in the limiting groove 12; the limiting step 11 and the limiting member 7 limit the empty gear 3 from both sides of the axial direction of the empty gear 3, so that the empty gear 3 and the input shaft 1 remain axially relatively fixed; specifically, the limiting member 7 can be a shaft elastic retaining ring, an open retaining ring or a snap ring, etc., which are not limited here.

[0051] In the above scheme, the limiting step 11 and the limiting component 7 cooperate with each other to limit the empty sleeve gear 3 from both sides of the axial direction, ensuring that the axial relative fixation between the empty sleeve gear 3 and the input shaft 1 is maintained, preventing axial movement during operation. The structure is simple, easy to assemble, and the limiting is reliable.

[0052] In other embodiments, such as Figure 3 , Figure 8 As shown, the limiting step 11 is located on the side of the empty sleeve gear 3 near the sliding sleeve 2; the limiting step 11 is a sloping step extending circumferentially along the input shaft 1, and its radial height gradually decreases from the side near the sliding sleeve 2 to the side near the empty sleeve gear 3, and as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the end face of the hollow gear 3 is provided with a mating inclined surface 33 that mates with the inclined step; specifically, the inclination angle of the inclined step can be 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, etc., and there is no limitation here; the inclination angle of the mating inclined surface 33 matches the inclination angle of the inclined step.

[0053] In the above scheme, by setting the limiting step 11 as an inclined step and setting a matching inclined surface 33 on the end face of the empty gear 3, compared with the traditional right-angle step structure, the inclined surface can achieve a softer axial limiting and avoid rigid impact. At the same time, due to the setting of the matching inclined surface 33, the limiting step 11 can be completely embedded in the end face contour of the empty gear 3 and does not protrude from its end face. This allows the empty gear 3 to achieve a tighter axial fit when engaging with the limiting step 11, which is beneficial to reduce the axial dimension of the electromagnetic clutch, improve space utilization, and enhance engagement stability.

[0054] In other embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the electromagnetic clutch also includes a wear plate 8 located on the side of the empty sleeve gear 3 away from the sliding sleeve 2. The mounting hole 32 passes through the empty sleeve gear 3, and the wear plate 8 covers the opening on the side of the mounting hole 32 away from the buffer top pin 51. The wear plate 8 is sleeved on the input shaft 1 and located between the end face of the empty sleeve gear 3 and the limiting member 7. Specifically, the wear plate 8 can be a metal gasket, a copper alloy gasket, etc., which is not limited here.

[0055] In the above scheme, by setting a wear-bearing plate 8 on the side of the empty sleeve gear 3 away from the sliding sleeve 2, a wear-resistant contact surface can be provided when the empty sleeve gear 3 rotates, avoiding direct contact and friction between the end face of the empty sleeve gear 3, thereby reducing wear and extending the service life of the clutch; at the same time, the wear-bearing plate 8 can also facilitate the installation and maintenance of the buffer assembly 5, and prevent the buffer spring 52 from popping out and affecting the buffering effect.

[0056] In other embodiments, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the input shaft 1 is provided with an external spline 13 extending along the axial direction, and the inner hole of the sliding sleeve 2 is provided with an internal spline 22 that is adapted to the external spline 13. The external spline 13 and the internal spline 22 mesh.

[0057] In the above scheme, the engagement of the external spline 13 and the internal spline 22 can achieve circumferential relative fixation and axial relative sliding between the sliding sleeve 2 and the input shaft 1. The spline connection has strong load-bearing capacity and high guiding accuracy, and can reliably transmit torque, while ensuring the smooth axial movement of the sliding sleeve 2.

[0058] This application also provides an automobile that includes the electromagnetic clutch described above.

[0059] The automobile proposed in this application embodiment, by employing the electromagnetic clutch equipped with the buffer component 5, can absorb the engagement impact energy during the engagement of the first end gear 21 and the second end gear 31, reduce the relative speed between the first end gear 21 and the second end gear 31, and gradually engage the first end gear 21 and the second end gear 31 after the buffer component 5 is compressed. This can effectively buffer the rapid axial movement impact of the sliding sleeve 2 driven by electromagnetic force, reduce the impact vibration and noise at the moment of engagement, protect the tooth surface of the end gear, and extend the service life of the electromagnetic clutch.

[0060] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0061] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0062] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

[0063] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic clutch, characterized in that, include: Input axis (1); A sliding sleeve (2) is fitted onto the input shaft (1), and is circumferentially fixed relative to the input shaft (1) and can slide relative to it axially; a first end gear (21) is provided on one end face of the sliding sleeve (2). A loose gear (3) is loosely fitted on the input shaft (1) and is axially fixed relative to the input shaft (1); the loose gear (3) has a second end gear (31) on the side facing the sliding sleeve (2) that can mesh with the first end gear (21). An electromagnetic drive component (4) is used to drive the sliding sleeve (2) to slide axially; A buffer assembly (5) is provided on the empty sleeve gear (3), and at least a portion of the buffer assembly (5) can protrude from the end face of the second end gear (31) for elastically abutting against the end face of the first end gear (21) during the engagement of the first end gear (21) and the second end gear (31). And / or the buffer assembly (5) is disposed on the sliding sleeve (2), and at least a portion of the buffer assembly (5) may protrude from the end face of the first end gear (21) for elastically abutting against the end face of the second end gear (31) during the engagement of the first end gear (21) and the second end gear (31).

2. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer assembly (5) includes a buffer pin (51) and a buffer spring (52); the empty sleeve gear (3) and / or the sliding sleeve (2) are provided with mounting holes (32); the buffer pin (51) is axially movable in the mounting hole (32), and at least a portion of the buffer pin (51) can protrude out of the mounting hole (32); the buffer spring (52) is provided in the mounting hole (32) and abuts against the buffer pin (51).

3. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The buffer pin (51) includes a small-diameter section (511) away from the buffer spring (52) and a large-diameter section (512) close to the buffer spring (52); the mounting hole (32) includes a first mounting hole (321) and a second mounting hole (322) that are interconnected, and the inner diameter of the first mounting hole (321) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second mounting hole (322); the small-diameter section (511) is slidably fitted in the first mounting hole (321), the large-diameter section (512) is slidably fitted in the second mounting hole (322), and the buffer spring (52) is disposed in the second mounting hole (322) and abuts against the large-diameter section (512).

4. The electromagnetic clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The number of the buffer components (5) is at least three, and the buffer components (5) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the empty sleeve gear (3).

5. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a needle roller bearing (6); the needle roller bearing (6) is disposed between the input shaft (1) and the empty sleeve gear (3) so that the empty sleeve gear (3) is loosely fitted on the input shaft (1).

6. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting member (7); the input shaft (1) is provided with a limiting step (11) and a limiting groove (12) on both sides of the axial direction of the empty sleeve gear (3); the limiting member (7) is provided in the limiting groove (12); the limiting step (11) and the limiting member (7) limit the empty sleeve gear (3) from both sides of the axial direction of the empty sleeve gear (3).

7. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting step (11) is located on the side of the empty sleeve gear (3) near the sliding sleeve (2); the limiting step (11) is an inclined step extending circumferentially along the input shaft (1), and its radial height gradually decreases from the side near the sliding sleeve (2) to the side near the empty sleeve gear (3), and the end face of the empty sleeve gear (3) is provided with a mating inclined surface (33) that cooperates with the inclined step.

8. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a grinding plate (8) disposed on the side of the empty sleeve gear (3) away from the sliding sleeve (2), the mounting hole (32) penetrates the empty sleeve gear (3), and the grinding plate (8) covers the opening of the mounting hole (32) away from the buffer pin (51).

9. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input shaft (1) is provided with an external spline (13) extending along the axial direction, and the inner hole of the sliding sleeve (2) is provided with an internal spline (22) that is adapted to the external spline (13), and the external spline (13) meshes with the internal spline (22).

10. A car, characterized in that, Including the electromagnetic clutch as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images