A rotating grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel

Abstract

The utility model relates to a boiler field, concretely relates to a kind of rotation grate that promotes the efficient combustion of biomass fuel, including grate body, rotary drive component, ash pipe, labyrinth blowing component and support, inner ring groove and outer ring groove are equipped with in the movable labyrinth piece of labyrinth blowing component and respectively with outside gas source and water source communication, blowing ring is equipped with in the inboard of movable labyrinth piece, compressed air is provided to inner ring groove using outside gas source to make the labyrinth at inner ring groove form airtight seal, and compressed air can continue to send and be blown to stove and pass through the blowing hole of blowing ring arc wall upper portion and be blown to stove from different direction, make the biomass fuel in stove disorderly and increase oxygen around fuel to promote fuel efficient combustion;Water liquid is provided to outer ring groove using outside water source to make the labyrinth at outer ring groove form watertight seal to limit compressed air overflow, to improve the heating efficiency of combustion furnace, labyrinth place friction can also be avoided when grate rotates, the service life of combustion furnace can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of boilers, specifically to a rotary grate that promotes efficient combustion of biomass fuel. Background Technology

[0002] A biomass combustion furnace generally consists of a combustion furnace body and a rotating grate installed below the combustion furnace body. Biomass fuel is mostly lightweight pellets made from waste materials such as plant-based wood chips, rice husks, crushed straw, or animal manure. When biomass fuel is burned in the combustion furnace body, the rotating grate is used to supply air and oxygen and remove ash. To prevent biomass fuel or ash from clogging the tuyeres on the grate, the air outlets of the tuyeres are generally located on the side. However, the lateral airflow from the side of the tuyeres is not conducive to blowing up the biomass fuel accumulated above it and causing it to move around disorderly. Furthermore, the airflow from the bottom of the biomass fuel also results in insufficient oxygen supply to the side of the biomass fuel accumulated above, which is not conducive to efficient combustion of biomass fuel and affects heating efficiency. In addition, due to the relative movement between the rotating grate assembly and the fixed combustion furnace body, a labyrinth seal is generally set to limit the overflow of hot air and ash from the labyrinth. Because the labyrinth plates at the junction of the grate assembly and the combustion chamber are prone to heat deformation, the gaps in the labyrinth are generally set relatively large. These gaps are then filled with a heat-resistant and high-temperature-resistant quicksand-like material, such as fine sand, as a seal. However, due to the friction between the seals within the labyrinth, the labyrinth seals remain in a state of friction for extended periods during grate rotation, affecting their service life. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the rotating grate. This includes addressing how to introduce compressed air from the inner side above the grate and blow biomass fuel from different directions, causing it to move randomly and supplementing the fuel with oxygen to promote efficient combustion, thereby improving the combustion chamber's heating efficiency; and how to improve the labyrinth's sealing mechanism to prevent friction at the labyrinth seals during grate rotation, thus extending the combustion chamber's service life. These are the problems to be solved in this case. Utility Model Content

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model discloses a rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel, comprising a grate body, a rotation drive assembly, an ash discharge pipe, a labyrinth air blowing assembly, and a support. The labyrinth air blowing assembly has a fixed labyrinth component and a movable labyrinth component, with the fixed labyrinth component positioned above the movable labyrinth component, forming a labyrinth-shaped gap between them. The movable labyrinth component, having an inner ring groove and an outer ring groove, is fixedly connected to the rotatable grate body. The inner and outer ring grooves can be connected to an external gas source and a water source, respectively. An air blowing ring is provided on the inner side of the movable labyrinth component. This invention improves the rotating grate by continuously supplying compressed air to the inner ring groove from an external air source, creating an airtight labyrinth seal at the inner ring groove. The compressed air from this airtight seal can continue to be blown into the grate body and the combustion chamber, and through densely arranged air holes on the upper part of the air-blowing ring's arc-shaped wall, it blows air into the furnace from different directions, causing disordered movement of biomass fuel within the furnace and increasing oxygen around the fuel to promote efficient combustion. Furthermore, by using an external water source to supply water to the outer ring groove, the labyrinth seal at the outer ring groove becomes a watertight seal, limiting the outward leakage of compressed air. This improves the heating efficiency of the combustion chamber and avoids friction at the labyrinth during grate rotation, thus extending the service life of the combustion chamber.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel is disclosed. This rotary grate can be connected below a biomass combustion furnace for supplying air and oxygen to the furnace and for ash removal. It includes a grate body, a rotary drive assembly, an ash removal pipe, and a support. The grate body comprises a rotatable circular wall and several air nozzles placed within the wall. The grate body is rotatably connected to the support. The grate is characterized by further including a labyrinth air-blowing assembly. The labyrinth air-blowing assembly has a fixed labyrinth component and a movable labyrinth component. The lower part of the fixed labyrinth component has two concentric annular plates arranged in an outer ring-inner ring configuration. The fixed labyrinth component is fixed to the support. The upper part of the movable labyrinth component has two concentric annular grooves arranged in an outer ring-inner ring configuration. The movable labyrinth component is fixed to the upper part of the outer perimeter of the circular wall of the grate body and can rotate with the grate body. The fixed labyrinth component is placed above the movable labyrinth component, and the two side panels of the fixed labyrinth component are respectively inserted into the two grooves of the movable labyrinth component. The fixed labyrinth component and the movable labyrinth component do not collide and form a labyrinth-shaped gap. The grooves on the inner and outer rings of the movable labyrinth component can be connected to external air and water sources, respectively. The external air and water sources can provide compressed air and water to their respective grooves. The continuously supplied compressed air from the external air source can form an air seal in the gap between the fixed labyrinth component and the movable labyrinth component at the inner ring. The compressed air in the air seal can be blown into the grate body and the combustion furnace body through the gap between the fixed labyrinth component and the movable labyrinth component, causing the biomass fuel to move and increasing oxygen around the fuel to promote combustion. The water supplied by the external water source can form a water seal in the cavity between the fixed labyrinth component and the movable labyrinth component at the outer ring to prevent the compressed air in the inner ring from overflowing outward from the outer ring.

[0006] The fixed labyrinth component includes a labyrinth cover and a mouth ring. The labyrinth cover includes a circular top plate and an inner ring plate and an outer ring plate vertically fixed below the top plate. The inner ring plate and the outer ring plate are both circular ring-shaped enclosures, and the height of the outer ring plate is greater than the height of the inner ring plate. The outer ring plate surrounds the outside of the inner ring plate. The center lines of the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate are concentric with the center line of the grate body. The mouth ring is a circular ring with a downward protruding edge. The mouth ring is connected to the circular top plate of the labyrinth cover, and its downward protruding edge is embedded in the inner hole of the top plate of the labyrinth cover.

[0007] The movable maze component includes a maze base, which is a structural component with two concave and convex grooves arranged on the upper part of the outer periphery of a concave hollow cylindrical shell. The two concave and convex grooves are an inner ring groove and an outer ring groove, respectively. A partition is provided in the middle of the inner ring groove to separate the lower part of the inner ring groove into a closed annular cavity. Several ventilation holes are distributed on the partition.

[0008] The movable labyrinth component also includes an air inlet pipe, a water inlet pipe, and a liquid level sensor. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the annular cavity at the bottom of the inner ring groove, and the other end is connected to an external air source that can provide compressed air. One end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the outer ring groove. The liquid level sensor includes an upper liquid level sensor and a lower liquid level sensor, which are respectively installed at the upper and lower parts of the outer ring groove to collect alarm information when the water level in the outer ring groove is at its highest and lowest levels, respectively. The installation height of the lower liquid level sensor is higher than the bottom edge of the outer ring plate.

[0009] The movable maze component also includes an air-blowing ring, which is a ring-shaped component formed by the circular motion of a semi-circular arc-shaped cross section with an opening facing outward. The air-blowing ring is provided with several air-blowing holes, which are densely arranged in a radiating pattern on the upper part of the arc-shaped ring wall. The lower part of the air-blowing ring is embedded in and fixed to the inner wall of the maze base, and the upper part of the air-blowing ring is suspended.

[0010] The labyrinth cover, mouth ring, labyrinth base, and air blowing ring are all fire-resistant and high-temperature resistant.

[0011] The circular wall of the grate body is provided with a refractory layer and a heat insulation layer. The concave hollow cylinder of the labyrinth base is fixed to the circular wall of the grate body. Several air nozzles of the grate body are distributed on the conical wall of the upper conical funnel-shaped rotating base, and several air nozzles can be connected to the external air supply mechanism. The conical wall above the rotating base is provided with a refractory layer.

[0012] The rotary drive assembly is equipped with a motor and a gear transmission mechanism. The rotary drive assembly is located on one side of the grate body and can drive the grate body to rotate. The ash discharge pipe is connected to the lower part of the center of the grate body and communicates with the funnel-shaped cavity above the grate body.

[0013] The funnel-shaped cavity above the grate body is connected to the inner cavity of the combustion furnace body, which can be fixedly attached to the support.

[0014] The rotary grate that promotes efficient combustion of biomass fuel is also equipped with an electrical control device. The electrical control device can receive and analyze the liquid level alarm information collected by the liquid level sensor, and instruct the electric switch of the external water source to start and stop water supply to the outer ring tank or stop water supply.

[0015] As described above, the advantages of this rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel are as follows: a labyrinth air-blowing assembly is provided on the upper part of the grate body. The labyrinth air-blowing assembly has a fixed labyrinth component and a movable labyrinth component, with the fixed labyrinth component positioned above the movable labyrinth component, forming a labyrinth-shaped gap between them. The movable labyrinth component, which has an inner ring groove and an outer ring groove, is fixedly connected to the rotatable grate body. The inner and outer ring grooves can be connected to an external gas source and a water source, respectively. An air-blowing ring is provided on the inner side of the movable labyrinth component. This invention improves the rotating grate by continuously supplying compressed air to the inner annular groove from an external air source, creating an airtight labyrinth seal at the inner annular groove. The compressed air from this airtight seal can continue to be blown into the grate body and the combustion chamber through densely arranged air holes on the upper part of the arc-shaped wall of the air-blowing ring, blowing air into the furnace from different directions. This causes disordered movement of biomass fuel within the furnace and increases oxygen around the fuel, promoting efficient combustion. Furthermore, an external water source supplies water to the outer annular groove, creating a watertight labyrinth seal at the outer annular groove, preventing compressed air from escaping. This improves the heating efficiency of the combustion chamber and avoids friction at the labyrinth during grate rotation, extending the service life of the combustion chamber. This invention is rationally designed, simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to promote. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of part A in the diagram;

[0018] Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the fixed maze component;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the diagram;

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of direction C in the diagram;

[0021] Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of the active maze component;

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of part D in the diagram;

[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged diagram of direction E in the diagram;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the rotary grate connected to the bottom of the combustion furnace body.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 1. Grate body; 2. Rotary drive assembly; 3. Ash discharge pipe; 4. Labyrinth blowing assembly; 41. Fixed labyrinth component; 411. Labyrinth top cover; 4111. Inner ring plate; 4112. Outer ring plate; 412. Mouth ring; 42. Movable labyrinth component; 421. Labyrinth lower seat; 4211. Inner ring groove; 4212. Outer ring groove; 422. Air inlet pipe; 423. Water inlet pipe; 424. Liquid level sensor; 425. Blowing ring; 4251. Blowing hole; 5. Support; 900. Combustion furnace body. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9 As shown, the present invention discloses a rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel. The rotary grate can be connected below the biomass combustion furnace body 900 for supplying air and oxygen and removing ash from the combustion furnace body 900. It includes a grate body 1, a rotary drive assembly 2, an ash removal pipe 3, a labyrinth blowing assembly 4, and a support 5. The grate body 1 includes a rotatable circular wall and several air nozzles placed inside the wall. The grate body 1 is rotatably connected to the support 5. The circular wall of the grate body 1 is provided with a refractory layer and a heat insulation layer. Several air nozzles of the grate body 1 are distributed on the conical wall of the upper conical funnel-shaped rotating base, and several air nozzles can be connected to an external air supply mechanism. The conical wall above the rotating base is provided with a refractory layer. The labyrinth air blowing assembly 4 is located on the upper part of the grate body 1. The labyrinth air blowing assembly 4 includes a fixed labyrinth component 41 and a movable labyrinth component 42. The fixed labyrinth component 41 is positioned above the movable labyrinth component 42, and the fixed labyrinth component 41 and the movable labyrinth component 42 do not collide, forming a labyrinth-shaped gap. The rotary drive assembly 2 includes a motor and a gear transmission mechanism. The rotary drive assembly 2 is located on one side of the grate body 1 and can drive the grate body 1 to rotate. The ash discharge pipe 3 is connected to the lower center of the grate body 1 and communicates with the upper funnel-shaped cavity of the grate body 1. The upper funnel-shaped cavity of the grate body 1 communicates with the inner cavity of the combustion furnace body 900, which can be fixedly connected to the support 5.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the fixed labyrinth component 41 of this utility model includes a labyrinth cover 411 and a mouth ring 412, both of which are fire-resistant and high-temperature resistant. The labyrinth cover 411 includes an annular top plate and an inner ring plate 4111 and an outer ring plate 4112 vertically fixed below the top plate. Both the inner ring plate 4111 and the outer ring plate 4112 are annular surrounding plates, and the height of the outer ring plate 4112 is greater than the height of the inner ring plate 4111. The outer ring plate 4112 surrounds the outside of the inner ring plate 4111. The center lines of the inner ring plate 4111 and the outer ring plate 4112 are concentric with the center line of the grate body 1. The mouth ring 412 is an annular component with a downwardly protruding edge. The mouth ring 412 is connected to the annular top plate of the labyrinth cover 411, and its downwardly protruding edge is embedded in the inner hole of the top plate of the labyrinth cover 411. The annular top plate of the maze cover 411 is fixed to the bracket 5.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, the movable labyrinth component 42 of this utility model includes a labyrinth base 421, an air inlet pipe 422, a water inlet pipe 423, a liquid level sensor 424, and an air blowing ring 425. Both the labyrinth base 421 and the air blowing ring 425 are fire-resistant and high-temperature resistant. The labyrinth base 421 is a structural component with two concave and hollow cylindrical outer periphery with two concentric grooves arranged in an inner and outer ring, namely an inner ring groove 4211 and an outer ring groove 4212. The inner ring groove 4211 has a partition in its middle, which separates the lower part of the inner ring groove 4211 into a closed annular cavity. Several ventilation holes are distributed on the partition. The concave and hollow cylindrical labyrinth base 421 is fixed to the circular wall of the grate body 1, and the movable labyrinth component 42 can rotate together with the grate body 1. The inner ring plate 4111 and outer ring plate 4112 of the fixed labyrinth component 41 are respectively inserted into the inner ring groove 4211 and outer ring groove 4212 of the movable labyrinth component 42 to form a labyrinth gap. One end of the air inlet pipe 422 is connected to the annular cavity at the lower part of the inner ring groove 4211, and the other end is connected to an external air source that can provide compressed air. One end of the water inlet pipe 423 is connected to the lower part of the outer ring groove 4212. The liquid level sensor 424 includes an upper liquid level sensor and a lower liquid level sensor, which are respectively installed at the upper and lower parts of the outer ring groove 4212 to collect alarm information when the water level in the outer ring groove 4212 is at its highest and lowest levels, respectively. The installation height of the lower liquid level sensor is higher than the bottom edge of the outer ring plate 4112. The air-blowing ring 425 is a ring-shaped component formed by the circular motion of a semi-circular arc-shaped cross section with an opening facing outward. The air-blowing ring 425 is provided with a number of air-blowing holes 4251, which are densely arranged in a radiating pattern on the upper part of the arc-shaped ring wall. The lower part of the air-blowing ring 425 is embedded in and fixed to the inner wall of the labyrinth base 421, and the upper part of the air-blowing ring 425 is suspended. External air and water sources can respectively supply compressed air to the inner ring groove 4211 and the outer ring groove 4212. The external air source continuously supplies compressed air to the inner ring groove 4211, making the labyrinth seal at the inner ring groove 4211 an air seal. The compressed air in the air seal can also continue to be blown into the grate body 1 and the combustion furnace body 900 and blown into the furnace from different directions through the densely arranged air holes 4251 on the upper part of the arc-shaped wall of the air blowing ring 425, so that the biomass fuel in the furnace moves disorderly and increases oxygen around the fuel to promote efficient combustion. The external water source supplies water to the outer ring groove 4212, making the labyrinth seal at the outer ring groove 4212 a water seal to limit the outward leakage of compressed air.

[0031] This rotary grate is also equipped with an electrical control system. The control system can receive and analyze the liquid level alarm information collected by the liquid level sensor 424, and instruct the electric switch of the external water source to start or stop water supply to the outer ring tank 4212. When the water level in the outer ring tank 4212 falls below the minimum set water level due to evaporation, the control system instructs the external water source to supply water to the outer ring tank 4212; when the water supply reaches the maximum set water level in the outer ring tank 4212, the control system instructs the external water source to stop supplying water to the outer ring tank 4212.

[0032] This invention improves the rotary grate by providing an inner ring groove 4211 and an outer ring groove 4212 on the upper periphery of the movable labyrinth component 42 of the labyrinth air blowing assembly 4. The inner and outer ring grooves 4211 and 4212 can be connected to an external air source and a water source, respectively. An air blowing ring 425 is provided on the inner side of the movable labyrinth component 42. Compressed air is continuously supplied to the inner ring groove 4211 by an external air source, making the labyrinth seal at the inner ring groove 4211 an air seal. The compressed air from the air seal can also continue to supply the grate body 1 and the combustion chamber. Air is blown into the furnace from different directions through densely arranged air holes 4251 on the upper part of the arc-shaped wall of the air ring 425. This causes the biomass fuel in the furnace to move around disorderly and increases oxygen around the fuel, thereby promoting efficient combustion. Water is supplied to the outer ring groove 4212 by an external water source, so that the labyrinth seal at the outer ring groove 4212 is a water seal to limit the leakage of compressed air. This can improve the heating efficiency of the combustion furnace and avoid friction at the labyrinth when the grate rotates, thus extending the service life of the combustion furnace.

[0033] The above is only one specific embodiment of the present utility model, but the design concept of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial modifications made to the present utility model using this concept shall be deemed as an infringement of the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel, the rotary grate being connected below a biomass combustion furnace body (900) for supplying air and oxygen and removing ash from the combustion furnace body (900), comprising a grate body (1), a rotary drive assembly (2), an ash removal pipe (3), and a support (5), wherein the grate body (1) includes a rotatable circular enclosure and a plurality of air nozzles placed within the enclosure, and the grate body (1) is rotatably connected to the support (5), characterized in that: It also includes a maze blowing assembly (4), which has a fixed maze component (41) and a movable maze component (42). The lower part of the fixed maze component (41) has two concentric annular surrounding plates, which are arranged in a state where the outer ring fits into the inner ring. The fixed maze component (41) is fixed to the bracket (5). The upper part of the movable maze component (42) has two concentric annular grooves, which are arranged in a state where the outer ring fits into the inner ring. The movable maze component (42) is fixed to the upper part of the outer perimeter of the circular surrounding wall of the grate body (1) and can rotate with the grate body (1). The fixed maze component (41) is placed above the movable maze component (42) and the two surrounding plates of the fixed maze component (41) are... The plates are inserted into the two grooves of the movable labyrinth component (42) respectively, and a labyrinth-shaped gap is formed between the fixed labyrinth component (41) and the movable labyrinth component (42). The grooves on the inner and outer rings of the movable labyrinth component (42) can be connected to the external air source and water source respectively. The external air source and water source can provide compressed air and water to their respective grooves respectively. The compressed air continuously provided by the external air source can form an air seal in the gap between the fixed labyrinth component (41) and the movable labyrinth component (42) at the inner ring, and the compressed air of the air seal can be blown into the grate body (1) and the combustion furnace body (900). The water provided by the external water source can form a water seal in the cavity between the fixed labyrinth component (41) and the movable labyrinth component (42) at the outer ring.

2. The rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed labyrinth component (41) includes a labyrinth cover (411) and a mouth ring (412). The labyrinth cover (411) includes an annular top plate and an inner ring plate (4111) and an outer ring plate (4112) vertically fixed below the top plate. The inner ring plate (4111) and the outer ring plate (4112) are both annular surrounding plates. The center lines of the inner ring plate (4111) and the outer ring plate (4112) are concentric with the center line of the grate body (1). The mouth ring (412) is connected to the annular top plate of the labyrinth cover (411).

3. The rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable maze component (42) includes a maze base (421), which is a structural component with two inner and outer grooves arranged on the upper part of the outer periphery of a concave hollow cylinder. The two inner and outer grooves are an inner ring groove (4211) and an outer ring groove (4212).

4. A rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable maze component (42) also includes an air inlet pipe (422), a water inlet pipe (423), and a liquid level sensor (424). One end of the air inlet pipe (422) is connected to the lower part of the inner ring groove (4211), and the other end is connected to an external air source that can provide compressed air. One end of the water inlet pipe (423) is connected to the lower part of the outer ring groove (4212). The liquid level sensor (424) includes an upper liquid level sensor and a lower liquid level sensor, which are respectively installed in the upper and lower parts of the outer ring groove (4212).

5. A rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable maze component (42) also includes an air blowing ring (425), which is a ring-shaped component formed by the circular motion of a semi-circular arc-shaped cross section with an opening facing outward. The air blowing ring (425) is provided with a number of air blowing holes (4251), which are arranged in a radiating manner on the upper part of the arc-shaped ring wall. The lower part of the air blowing ring (425) is embedded in and fixed to the inner wall of the maze base (421).

6. A rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The concave hollow cylinder of the maze base (421) is fixed to the circular wall of the grate body (1), and several air nozzles of the grate body (1) are distributed on the conical wall of the upper conical funnel-shaped rotating base.

7. A rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly (2) is placed on one side of the grate body (1). The rotary drive assembly (2) can drive the grate body (1) to rotate. The ash discharge pipe (3) is connected to the lower part of the center of the grate body (1) and communicates with the upper cavity of the grate body (1).

8. A rotary grate for promoting efficient combustion of biomass fuel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper cavity of the grate body (1) is connected to the inner cavity of the combustion furnace body (900).

Images