A kiln for battery pyrolysis

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of kiln for battery pyrolysis, including evaporation kiln and condensing component, evaporation kiln includes steam outlet end, kiln body and heating layer, heating layer is located at the outside of kiln body, kiln body is equipped with several air inlets, air inlet is connected the internal space of kiln body and the internal space of heating layer, solvent in material is evaporated by hot gas in the process of material conveying, and then hot gas can be fully penetrated to the inside of material, and further, the steam transported by kiln body is condensed to liquid state by condensing component, so that material pyrolysis is more thorough, effectively avoid local overheating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of kiln technology, and in particular to a kiln for battery pyrolysis. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, with their advantages of high efficiency, high power, and high energy density, have become a highly attractive energy storage technology and are experiencing rapid development. However, lithium-ion batteries have a lifespan of only 2-3 years, and if a large number of retired lithium batteries are not properly disposed of, the toxic substances they contain can cause serious environmental damage. Furthermore, retired lithium batteries contain a large amount of valuable strategic metal resources. Therefore, the recycling of retired lithium batteries has dual significance for environmental protection and resource conservation.

[0003] There are various methods for recycling retired lithium batteries. In order to reduce the impact of aluminum foil, copper foil, binders and other materials in the electrode materials on the recycling efficiency and value of strategic metals, most recycling processes include pyrolysis of electrode materials to separate the active materials from the current collector in advance. The pollutants in the exhaust gas of waste lithium-ion batteries are mainly volatile organic components.

[0004] Currently, most battery pyrolysis processes use rotary kiln technology. Although it has continuous processing capabilities, the material inside the rotary kiln does not tumble sufficiently, and the temperature difference between the center and the edge can reach more than 150°C, resulting in incomplete pyrolysis or localized overheating. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a furnace for battery pyrolysis, which aims to solve the problem in the prior art that the material in the rotary kiln does not tumble sufficiently, and the temperature difference between the center and the edge can reach more than 150°C, resulting in incomplete pyrolysis or local overheating.

[0006] This utility model provides a kiln for battery pyrolysis, including an evaporation kiln channel and a condensation assembly. The evaporation kiln channel includes a steam outlet end, a kiln body, and a heating layer. The heating layer is located on the outside of the kiln body. The kiln body has several air inlets, which are used to connect the internal space of the kiln body and the internal space of the heating layer. The internal space of the kiln body is used to evaporate the solvent in the material during material transportation. The steam outlet end is located on the kiln body and is connected to the condensation assembly. The condensation assembly is used to condense the steam transported by the kiln body into a liquid state.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the evaporation kiln is provided with a conveying assembly, which includes a conveying motor and a spiral blade. The conveying motor is located at the end of the kiln body, and the spiral blade is located at the power output end of the conveying motor and extends into the kiln body. The conveying motor is used to drive the spiral blade to rotate in order to convey the material.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the steam outlet end is a perforated plate provided on the kiln body, the perforated plate is provided with a plurality of steam holes, and the condensation component is covered on the perforated plate.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the condensation assembly includes a cover, an exhaust fan, and a condensation box. The cover is disposed on the perforated plate, and the exhaust fan is disposed on the cover. The exhaust fan is used to transport the steam entering the cover to the condensation box.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this utility model, there are several of the hood, the exhaust fan and the condenser box. Several hoods are arranged sequentially along the material conveying direction. The exhaust fan is connected to a branch pipe. Several branch pipes are connected to the same main pipe. Several condenser boxes are connected sequentially. The main pipe is connected to the first condenser box.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the condensing box is provided with a plurality of condensing plates, which are spaced apart in the horizontal direction and adjacent condensing plates are staggered in the vertical direction.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the kiln body is provided with a material inlet end and a material outlet end, the material inlet end is located at the end closer to the conveying motor, and the material outlet end is located at the end farther away from the conveying motor.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a vent hole is provided on the heating layer near the material outlet end.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a support frame is provided at the bottom of the kiln body, and the support frame is used to support the kiln body.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a heating wire is provided inside the heating layer.

[0016] Beneficial effects: This utility model provides a kiln for battery pyrolysis, including an evaporation kiln channel and a condensation assembly. The evaporation kiln channel includes a steam outlet end, a kiln body, and a heating layer. The heating layer is located on the outside of the kiln body. The kiln body has several air inlets, which connect the internal space of the kiln body and the internal space of the heating layer. During the material conveying process, the solvent in the material is evaporated by hot air, which allows the hot air to fully penetrate into the interior of the material. Then, the steam conveyed by the kiln body is condensed into liquid by the condensation assembly, making the pyrolysis of the material more thorough and effectively avoiding local overheating. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the kiln for battery pyrolysis according to this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the evaporation kiln of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the condenser box of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Evaporation kiln; 11. Steam outlet; 12. Kiln body; 121. Air inlet; 122. Material inlet; 123. Material outlet; 124. Support frame; 13. Heating layer; 131. Vent; 132. Heating wire; 2. Condensation assembly; 21. Cover; 22. Exhaust fan; 221. Branch pipe; 222. Main pipe; 23. Condensation box; 231. Condensation plate; 3. Conveying assembly; 31. Conveying motor; 32. Spiral blade. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This utility model provides a furnace for battery pyrolysis, including an evaporation kiln 1 and a condensation assembly 2. The evaporation kiln 1 includes a steam outlet end 11, a kiln body 12, and a heating layer 13. The heating layer 13 is located on the outside of the kiln body 12. The kiln body 12 has several air inlets 121, which are used to connect the internal space of the kiln body 12 and the internal space of the heating layer 13. The internal space of the kiln body 12 is used to evaporate the solvent in the material during the material conveying process. The steam outlet end 11 is located on the kiln body 12 and is connected to the condensation assembly 2. The condensation assembly 2 is used to condense the steam conveyed by the kiln body 12 into a liquid state.

[0024] In the application, a heating wire 132 is installed inside the heating layer 13. The combustion / heating power is precisely controlled by the heating wire 132 to generate clean hot air with a stable temperature of 150-200℃, thus avoiding contamination of materials.

[0025] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a conveying assembly 3 is provided on the evaporation kiln 1. The conveying assembly 3 includes a conveying motor 31 and a spiral blade 32. The conveying motor 31 is located at the end of the kiln body 12, and the spiral blade 32 is located on the power output end of the conveying motor 31 and extends into the kiln body 12. The conveying motor 31 is used to drive the spiral blade 32 to rotate in order to convey the material. This application achieves controllable, slow, and uniform material conveying through the rotation of the spiral blade 32, while allowing hot air to penetrate the material layer. The conveying motor 31 can be driven by a variable frequency motor with a low speed, such as a few revolutions per minute or a dozen revolutions per minute, specifically calculated based on the residence time and the length of the kiln body 12. The spiral blade 32 can use a smaller pitch, which can increase the axial movement resistance of the material and extend the residence time. In conjunction with the previous embodiment, the air inlet 121 is located directly below the spiral blade 32. Under the rotation of the spiral blade 32, the air inlet slowly slides / tumbles, assisting in dispersing the material and allowing the hot air in the heating layer 13 to penetrate the material evenly from bottom to top, greatly increasing the gas-solid contact area and efficiency, and promoting evaporation. It is worth noting that the diameter of the air inlet 121 must be much smaller than the material particle size to prevent material leakage, while ensuring smooth penetration of the hot air. The diameter range of the air inlet 121 is generally Φ3-Φ10mm, and the specific diameter needs to be determined according to the particle size of the material.

[0026] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the steam outlet end 11 is a perforated plate provided on the kiln body 12, and the perforated plate has a plurality of steam holes, and the condensation assembly 2 is covered on the perforated plate. In conjunction with the previous embodiment, the cross-section of the kiln body 12 is usually U-shaped, which facilitates the installation of the perforated plate and the conveying of materials by the spiral blades 32.

[0027] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the condensation assembly 2 includes a cover 21, an exhaust fan 22, and a condensation chamber 23. The cover 21 is disposed on the perforated plate, and the exhaust fan 22 is disposed on the cover 21. The exhaust fan 22 is used to transport the steam entering the cover 21 to the condensation chamber 23. In this embodiment, through the suction action of the exhaust fan 22, the hot air in the heating layer 13 passes through the air inlet 121 and evenly penetrates the material from bottom to top, greatly increasing the gas-solid contact area and efficiency, and promoting evaporation.

[0028] According to some embodiments of this utility model, there are several of the cover 21, the exhaust fan 22 and the condenser box 23. Several covers 21 are arranged sequentially along the material conveying direction. The exhaust fan 22 is connected to a branch pipe 221. Several branch pipes 221 are connected to the same main pipe 222. Several condenser boxes 23 are connected sequentially. The main pipe 222 is connected to the first condenser box 23.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the condenser box 23 is provided with a plurality of condensing plates 231, which are spaced apart in the horizontal direction and adjacent condensing plates 231 are staggered in the vertical direction.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the kiln body 12 is provided with a material inlet end 122 and a material outlet end 123. The material inlet end 122 is located at the end close to the conveying motor 31, and the material outlet end 123 is located at the end far away from the conveying motor 31.

[0031] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a vent 131 is provided on the heating layer 13 near the material outlet end 123. Further, the material accumulation thickness is relatively thick near the material inlet end 122 and relatively thin near the material outlet end 123. Thicker material increases material movement resistance, and simultaneously reduces the gas-solid contact area and efficiency. Therefore, a vent 131 is provided on the heating layer 13 near the material outlet end 123. Since the cover 21 has several vents, external gas enters the heating layer 13 through the vent 131 for initial heating, and some of the lower-temperature gas is drawn off by the exhaust fan 22 near the material outlet end 123. The remaining gas continues to flow against the material conveying direction, further heated, until it reaches the material inlet end 122 and is drawn off by the exhaust fan 22. At this point, the gas is heated to a higher temperature, corresponding to the thicker material near the material inlet end 122, thus promoting material evaporation through the higher temperature. It is worth noting that, along the material conveying direction, the power of several exhaust fans 22 decreases sequentially to ensure that airflow can pass through the entire heating layer 13.

[0032] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a support frame 124 is provided at the bottom of the kiln body 12, and the support frame 124 is used to support the kiln body 12. In this embodiment, the support frame 124 provides effective support for the kiln body 12, ensuring that the kiln body 12 can operate smoothly during the material conveying process.

[0033] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a heating wire 132 is provided inside the heating layer 13. Rotary kilns require the conversion of chemical energy → thermal energy → kiln body 12 → material, resulting in significant heat loss and slow response. In this application, the current generates Joule heat through the heating wire 132 (such as iron-chromium-aluminum or nickel-chromium wire), and the temperature has a linear relationship with the current, resulting in a fast heating response and precise temperature control.

[0034] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included within this application. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0035] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A furnace for battery pyrolysis, characterized in that: The system includes an evaporation kiln (1) and a condensation assembly (2). The evaporation kiln (1) includes a steam outlet (11), a kiln body (12), and a heating layer (13). The heating layer (13) is located on the outside of the kiln body (12). The kiln body (12) has several air inlets (121) for connecting the internal space of the kiln body (12) and the internal space of the heating layer (13). The internal space of the kiln body (12) is used to evaporate the solvent in the material during the material conveying process. The steam outlet (11) is located on the kiln body (12) and is connected to the condensation assembly (2). The condensation assembly (2) is used to condense the steam conveyed by the kiln body (12) into a liquid state.

2. The furnace for battery pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation kiln (1) is provided with a conveying assembly (3), which includes a conveying motor (31) and a spiral blade (32). The conveying motor (31) is located at the end of the kiln body (12), and the spiral blade (32) is located at the power output end of the conveying motor (31) and extends into the kiln body (12). The conveying motor (31) is used to drive the spiral blade (32) to rotate in order to convey the material.

3. The furnace for battery pyrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steam outlet end (11) is a perforated plate on the kiln body (12), and a plurality of steam holes are provided on the perforated plate. The condensation component (2) is covered on the perforated plate.

4. The furnace for battery pyrolysis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The condensation assembly (2) includes a cover (21), an exhaust fan (22), and a condensation box (23). The cover (21) is placed on the perforated plate, and the exhaust fan (22) is placed on the cover (21). The exhaust fan (22) is used to transport the steam entering the cover (21) to the condensation box (23).

5. The furnace for battery pyrolysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cover (21), the exhaust fan (22) and the condenser (23) are provided in multiples. The multiple covers (21) are arranged sequentially along the material conveying direction. The exhaust fan (22) is connected to a branch pipe (221). The multiple branch pipes (221) are connected to the same main pipe (222). The multiple condensers (23) are connected sequentially. The main pipe (222) is connected to the first condenser (23).

6. The furnace for battery pyrolysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The condenser box (23) is provided with a plurality of condensing plates (231), which are spaced apart in the horizontal direction and adjacent condensing plates (231) are staggered in the vertical direction.

7. The furnace for battery pyrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The kiln body (12) is provided with a material inlet end (122) and a material outlet end (123). The material inlet end (122) is located at the end closer to the conveying motor (31), and the material outlet end (123) is located at the end farther away from the conveying motor (31).

8. The furnace for battery pyrolysis according to claim 7, characterized in that: A vent (131) is provided on the heating layer (13) near the material outlet end (123).

9. The furnace for battery pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the kiln body (12) is provided with a support frame (124), which is used to support the kiln body (12).

10. The furnace for battery pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating layer (13) is provided with a heating wire (132).

Images