Six-sides heating atmospheric furnace for true triaxial test of rock

Abstract

The utility model relates to rock true triaxial test technical field especially, more particularly to a kind of six heating atmospheric furnace for rock true triaxial test, it include: fixed frame, six housings and six loading shaft assemblies.Each housing includes: cover plate, heating box, heat-insulating material, heating element and electrode. The center of cover plate is provided with first circular hole;Heating box is set to the inside of cover plate;Heating box is filled with heat-insulating material, and the center of heat-insulating material is provided with the second circular hole coaxial with first circular hole;Heating element is embedded on the surface of heat-insulating material;Electrode is electrically connected with heating element;One end of each loading shaft assembly is connected with external loading device, and the other end sequentially passes through first circular hole, second circular hole and the rock sample in accommodating cavity abuts. The utility model has the advantages that by integrating heating element in each independent housing, six atmospheric furnace hexahedron omnidirectional heating is realized, and it is ensured that rock sample is heated evenly, and temperature field distribution consistency is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of true triaxial rock testing technology, and in particular to a six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing. Background Technology

[0002] For conducting triaxial loading mechanical property tests on rock samples under high-temperature conditions, providing the appropriate temperature environment and loading the rock surface are crucial. Traditional high-temperature atmospheric furnaces in testing machines can only heat the sample uniaxially, and heat can only be conducted through the upper and lower indenters. This results in a significant temperature gradient in the sample, which is not conducive to exploring the deformation and failure laws and mechanisms of high-temperature rock masses under complex stress conditions. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a six-sided heating atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing, which realizes the heating and deformation measurement of the six sides of the rock sample through the six-sided heating of the atmospheric furnace, six loading axis assemblies and six displacement detection assemblies.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution created by this utility model is as follows: a six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing, comprising: a fixed frame; six outer shells, each connected to one of the six sides of the fixed frame, the six outer shells and the fixed frame together forming a cubic structure with a receiving cavity; a rock sample placed inside the receiving cavity; each outer shell comprising: an outer cover plate connected to the fixed frame, the outer cover plate having a first circular hole at its center; a heating box body located inside the outer cover plate; the heating box body being filled with insulation material, the insulation material having a second circular hole coaxial with the first circular hole at its center; a heating element embedded in the surface of the insulation material facing the receiving cavity; an electrode located on the outer surface of the outer cover plate and electrically connected to the heating element; and six loading shaft assemblies, one end of each loading shaft assembly connected to a loading device for true triaxial rock testing, the other end passing through the first circular hole and the second circular hole in sequence to abut against the rock sample inside the receiving cavity.

[0005] Furthermore, it also includes an insulation layer that covers the outside of the heating box.

[0006] Furthermore, the heating box includes a rectangular frame and a hollow frustum. The large diameter of the hollow frustum is connected to the rectangular frame, and the small diameter of the hollow frustum extends toward the rock sample.

[0007] Furthermore, multiple waist-shaped holes are provided on each of the four side walls of the hollow frustum; each waist-shaped hole extends along the axial direction of the hollow frustum.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes six displacement detection components. Three of the six housings that are perpendicular to each other are each provided with two waist-shaped holes. Each displacement detection component passes through the corresponding waist-shaped hole and is connected to the rock sample.

[0009] Furthermore, among the six outer shells, a pair of opposite outer shells are provided with annular connecting frames on their outer edges. The annular connecting frames are connected to the fixed frame through a hinge mechanism to form two openable furnace doors.

[0010] Furthermore, each loading shaft assembly includes a loading shaft, a clamp, and a connecting flange; the first end of the loading shaft is connected to an external loading device, and the second end of the loading shaft passes through the first circular hole and the second circular hole in sequence and is connected to the connecting end of the clamp; the sample contact end of the clamp abuts against the surface of the rock sample; the connecting flange is sleeved on the first end of the loading shaft; wherein, the connecting flanges of four loading shaft assemblies are connected to the fixed frame, and the connecting flanges of two loading shaft assemblies are respectively connected to the corresponding furnace doors.

[0011] Furthermore, the heating element is a resistance wire.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1) By integrating heating elements within each independent casing and controlling the six sides of the atmospheric furnace in series, uniform heating of the rock sample and good consistency of temperature field distribution are ensured. At the same time, loads are applied using six independent loading shaft assemblies, enabling simultaneous detection of deformation on all six sides of the rock sample.

[0013] 2) Two opposing outer shells are connected to a fixed frame via hinge mechanisms to form an openable furnace door, facilitating the installation of rock samples. Simultaneously, elongated holes are provided on three of the mutually perpendicular outer shells to prevent motion interference between the furnace door and the displacement detection components during opening and closing.

[0014] 3) The connecting flange maintains an elastic connection with the connecting sleeve through an elastic element. During loading: the elastic element stores energy to maintain stable contact pressure. During unloading: the elastic force is automatically released, driving the loading shaft and chuck to reset.

[0015] 4) The grating displacement sensor is connected to the loading shaft assembly arranged opposite to each other through the first extension rod and the second extension rod, which can accurately detect the deformation of the rock sample on two opposite surfaces. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of this invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are used to explain this invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of this invention. In the drawings: Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the six-sided heated atmospheric furnace shown along one of its axes; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing frame provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the outer shell provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the outer shell along AA; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell without the insulation layer according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the heating box body provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the furnace door formed by connecting the outer shell and the annular connecting frame according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the hinge mechanism provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the loading shaft assembly provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram of the displacement detection component provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0017] The reference numerals in the attached drawings include: 1. Fixing frame; 11. Connecting column; 12. First connecting block; 13. Mounting groove; 2. Outer shell; 21. Outer cover plate; 22. Heating box body; 221. Rectangular frame; 222. Hollow truncated pyramid; 223. Oval hole; 23. Insulation material; 24. Heating element; 25. Electrode; 26. Insulation layer; 27. Handle; 3. Loading shaft assembly; 31. Loading shaft; 32. Clamp; 33. Connecting flange; 3 31. Flange plate; 33. Bushing; 34. Connecting sleeve; 35. Elastic element; 4. Displacement detection assembly; 41. First extension rod; 42. Second extension rod; 43. Grating displacement sensor; 44. First contact block; 45. Second contact block; 46. First clamping block; 47. Second clamping block; 5. Annular connecting frame; 6. Hinge mechanism; 61. First hinge; 62. Second hinge; 63. Connecting shaft; 7. Rock sample. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0019] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a six-sided heating atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing, comprising: a fixed frame 1, six outer shells 2, six loading shaft assemblies 3, and six displacement detection assemblies 4.

[0024] The fixed frame 1 is a cubic frame. Six outer shells 2 are connected to the six faces of the fixed frame 1, and the six outer shells 2 and the fixed frame 1 together form a cubic structure with a receiving cavity. The rock specimen 7 is placed inside the receiving cavity. One end of each loading shaft assembly 3 is connected to the loading device of the true triaxial rock test, and the other end passes through the corresponding outer shell 2 and abuts against the rock specimen 7 inside the receiving cavity. Six displacement detection assemblies 4 pass through three of the six outer shells 2 that are perpendicular to each other and are connected to the rock specimen 7 to detect the deformation of the rock specimen 7.

[0025] Specifically, the six displacement detection components 4 are arranged in pairs, forming three groups. The two displacement detection components 4 in each group are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first circular hole along one of the diagonals of the housing 2. This arrangement allows each displacement detection component 4 to detect the deformation of the rock sample 7 in opposite directions along the axial direction of the loading shaft assembly 3 via its opposite loading shaft assembly 3.

[0026] In this embodiment, the fixing frame 1 is a cubic frame assembled from six connecting columns 11 via a first connecting block 12. A pair of opposing surfaces of the fixing frame 1 are planes, and the remaining four surfaces are provided with mounting grooves 13.

[0027] like Figures 4 to 8 As shown, each outer casing 2 includes: an outer cover plate 21, a heating box body 22, insulation material 23, a heating element 24, an electrode 25, and an insulation layer 26.

[0028] The outer cover plate 21 is connected to the fixed frame 1, and a first circular hole is provided in the center of the outer cover plate 21. The heating box body 22 is disposed inside the outer cover plate 21, and the interior of the heating box body 22 is filled with heat insulation material 23. A second circular hole coaxial with the first circular hole is provided in the center of the heat insulation material 23. The heating element 24 is embedded in the surface of the heat insulation material 23 facing the receiving cavity. The electrode 25 is disposed on the outer surface of the outer cover plate 21 and is electrically connected to the heating element 24. Electrical energy is stably transmitted to the heating element 24 through the electrode 25, causing it to generate heat. The electrode 25 is connected to an external power source. The heat insulation layer 26 covers the outside of the heating box body 22, serving as heat insulation. In this embodiment, the heat insulation material 23 is a lightweight heat insulation brick, and the heat insulation layer 26 is a heat insulation felt. The heating element 24 is a resistance wire.

[0029] Specifically, the heating box 22 includes a rectangular frame 221 and a hollow frustum 222. The large diameter of the hollow frustum 222 is connected to the rectangular frame 221, and the small diameter of the hollow frustum 222 extends towards the rock sample 7. Multiple oblong holes 223 are provided on each of the four side walls of the hollow frustum 222, and each oblong hole 223 extends along the axial direction of the hollow frustum 222. The main purpose of providing the oblong holes 223 is to prevent thermal deformation of the insulation material 23 after thermal expansion.

[0030] Among the six outer shells 2, a pair of opposite outer shells 2 are provided with annular connecting frames 5 on their outer edges. The annular connecting frames 5 are connected to the fixed frame 1 through a hinge mechanism 6, forming two openable furnace doors.

[0031] Specifically, a ring-shaped connecting frame 5 is provided on a pair of opposite surfaces of the fixed frame 1. The ring-shaped connecting frame 5 is connected to the fixed frame 1 by hinges to form an openable and closable structure. The ring-shaped connecting frame 5 is assembled from four connecting beams via a second connecting block.

[0032] Of the six outer shells 2, the outer edges of two oppositely arranged outer shells 2 are connected to the annular connecting frame 5, forming two openable furnace doors. The remaining four outer shells 2 are respectively fixed to the four surfaces of the fixing frame 1, which are provided with mounting grooves 13, by bolts.

[0033] Hinge mechanism 6 Figure 9 As shown, the system includes a first hinge 61, a second hinge 62, and a connecting shaft 63. The second hinge 62 is connected to the first connecting block 12 of the fixed frame 1. The first hinge 61 is connected to the second connecting block of the annular connecting frame 5, and is rotatably connected to the second hinge 62 via the connecting shaft 63. In this embodiment, both the first hinge 61 and the second hinge 62 are L-shaped.

[0034] Three of the six outer shells 2 are each provided with two elongated holes, and these three outer shells 3 are perpendicular to each other. Each displacement detection component 4 passes through the corresponding elongated hole and is connected to two oppositely arranged loading shaft components 3. The elongated holes are designed to prevent motion interference between the furnace door and the displacement detection components 4 during opening and closing.

[0035] Each housing 2 is also provided with at least two handles to facilitate the operator's handling during installation. In this embodiment, each housing 2 is provided with four handles.

[0036] Each loading shaft assembly 3 includes a loading shaft 31, a clamp 32, a connecting flange 33, and a connecting sleeve 34. The first end of the loading shaft 31 is connected to an external loading device, and the second end of the loading shaft 31 passes through a first circular hole and a second circular hole in sequence and is connected to the connecting end of the clamp 32. The sample contact end of the clamp 32 abuts against the rock sample 7.

[0037] The connecting flange 33 and the connecting sleeve 34 are spaced apart and fitted onto the first end of the loading shaft 31, with the connecting sleeve 34 positioned close to the loading device.

[0038] The connecting flange 33 is elastically connected to the connecting sleeve 34 via an elastic element 35. Specifically, the connecting flange 33 includes a flange plate 331 and a bushing 332. Both the bushing 332 and the loading shaft 31 are provided with keyways, and the loading shaft 31 can move axially along the bushing 332 via a sliding key.

[0039] Among them, four loading shaft assemblies 3 are connected to the fixed frame 1 through flange plates 331, and the remaining two loading shaft assemblies 3 are connected to the corresponding furnace doors through flange plates 331 respectively.

[0040] When the loading device applies a load to the rock sample 7 via the loading shaft 31 and the clamp 32, the rock sample 7 undergoes elastic deformation. At this time, the elastic element 35 is in a compressed state. When the loading force is removed, the elastic element 35 releases its elastic force, driving the loading shaft 31 and the clamp 32 to reset.

[0041] Each displacement detection assembly 4 includes a first extension rod 41, a second extension rod 42, a grating displacement sensor 43, a first contact block 44, and a second contact block 45. One end of the first extension rod 41 is connected to one of the two opposing loading shaft assemblies 3 via the first contact block 44, and the other end of the first extension rod 41 is connected to the grating displacement sensor 43 via a first clamping block 46. One end of the second extension rod 42 is connected to the other of the two opposing loading shaft assemblies 3 via the second contact block 45, and the other end of the second extension rod 42 is connected to the grating displacement sensor 43 via a second clamping block 47.

[0042] When the loading device applies a load to the loading shaft 31, the load is transmitted to the rock sample 7 through the clamp 32, causing it to deform. This deformation causes the loading shaft 31 to displace, which in turn drives the first extension rod 41 and the second extension rod 42 to move. The grating displacement sensor 43 detects and outputs the deformation data of the rock sample 7 based on the displacement of the first extension rod 41 and the second extension rod 42.

[0043] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing, characterized in that, include: Fixed frame; The six outer shells are respectively connected to the six faces of the fixed frame, and the six outer shells and the fixed frame together form a cubic structure with a receiving cavity; The rock sample is disposed within the receiving cavity; each of the outer shells includes: An outer cover plate, which is connected to the fixed frame, has a first circular hole at its center; A heating box body is disposed inside the outer cover plate; the interior of the heating box body is filled with heat-insulating material, and a second circular hole coaxial with the first circular hole is disposed in the center of the heat-insulating material; A heating element, which is embedded in the surface of the insulation material facing the receiving cavity; An electrode is disposed on the outer surface of the outer cover plate and is electrically connected to the heating element; Six loading shaft assemblies, one end of each loading shaft assembly is connected to the loading device of the true triaxial rock test, and the other end passes through the first circular hole and the second circular hole in sequence to abut against the rock sample in the receiving cavity.

2. The six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each outer casing also includes an insulation layer that covers the exterior of the heating box.

3. The six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating box includes a rectangular frame and a hollow frustum. The large diameter of the hollow frustum is connected to the rectangular frame, and the small diameter of the hollow frustum extends toward the rock sample.

4. The six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hollow frustum has multiple waist-shaped holes on its four side walls; each waist-shaped hole extends along the axial direction of the hollow frustum.

5. The six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Three of the six shells, which are perpendicular to each other, are each provided with two elongated holes.

6. The six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The six-sided heated atmospheric furnace also includes six displacement detection components, each of which is connected to two oppositely arranged loading shaft components through a corresponding elongated hole.

7. The six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the displacement detection components includes a first extension rod, a second extension rod, a grating displacement sensor, a first contact block, a second contact block, a first clamping block, and a second clamping block; One end of the first extension rod is connected to one of the two oppositely arranged loading shaft assemblies via the first contact block; the other end of the first extension rod is connected to the grating displacement sensor via the first clamping block. One end of the second extension rod is connected to the other of the two oppositely arranged loading shaft assemblies via the second contact block; the other end of the second extension rod is connected to the grating displacement sensor via the second clamping block.

8. The six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Of the six outer shells, a pair of opposite outer shells are provided with annular connecting frames on their outer edges. The annular connecting frames are connected to the fixed frame by a hinge mechanism to form two openable furnace doors.

9. The six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the loading shaft assemblies includes a loading shaft, a clamp, a connecting flange, and a connecting sleeve; The first end of the loading shaft is connected to the loading device, and the second end of the loading shaft passes through the first circular hole and the second circular hole in sequence and is connected to the connecting end of the clamp; the sample contact end of the clamp abuts against the rock sample. The connecting flange and the connecting sleeve are spaced apart and sleeved on the first end of the loading shaft, and the connecting sleeve is located close to the loading device; The loading shaft can move axially along the connecting flange; the connecting flange is elastically connected to the connecting sleeve through an elastic element; The four connecting flanges of the loading shaft assembly are connected to the fixed frame, and the connecting flanges of the other two loading shaft assemblies are respectively connected to the corresponding furnace doors.

10. The six-sided heated atmospheric furnace for true triaxial rock testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating element is a resistance wire.

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