A special guide oil sleeve for detecting defects of a hollow axle of a motor train unit

Abstract

A kind of special guide oil sleeve for inspection of motor train unit hollow axle, comprising: guide oil cylinder, the guide oil cylinder includes small diameter end and medium diameter end, the outer surface of the small diameter end is provided with the outer thread matched with the internal thread of hollow axle end for use;The outer diameter of the medium diameter end is greater than the small diameter end;The inside of the guide oil cylinder is the conical through hole coaxial with the barrel body.The device effectively prevents coupling agent and rust preventive oil from flowing into axle box by optimizing oil flow guide, so that the lower oil drain bolt of axle box does not need to be disassembled, significantly reduces operation point, and simultaneously reduces the risk of rust preventive oil loss and equipment pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of flaw detection tools for hollow shafts of high-speed trains, specifically to a special oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow shafts of high-speed trains. Background Technology

[0002] The inspection of hollow axles in high-speed trains is crucial. Every 100,000 kilometers of operation, ultrasonic testing is required to inspect the surface and interior of the components to ensure there are no cracks or defects. During the inspection, the axle end components must be disassembled, cleaned, and an adapter installed. Coupling agent is injected, and the probe is inserted into the hollow axle using the inspection machine. After the inspection, any remaining coupling agent must be wiped off, rust-preventive oil applied, and the axle end components reinstalled.

[0003] The hollow axle of the EMU is located inside the axle box. During flaw detection of the hollow axle, coupling agent and rust-preventive oil need to be injected into the hollow axle. Due to their fluidity, they easily flow into the axle box. Moreover, there is an outer box outside the axle box opening. Before the flaw detector operates the probe rod to enter or exit the hollow axle, it must pass through the outer box. During this process, the coupling agent and rust-preventive oil will also flow into the outer box.

[0004] Currently, during hollow shaft flaw detection, coupling agent and rust-preventive oil easily flow into the shaft box. The shaft end is wrapped in the shaft box, which makes it easy for the coupling agent to flow into the shaft box when cleaning or injecting rust-preventive oil. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the drain bolt at the bottom of the shaft box, drain the oil, and then install a new or cleaned drain bolt. It has the following shortcomings: (1) The process is complicated and the work efficiency is low: Each flaw detection requires repeated disassembly / installation of the drain bolt, padding with wiping paper, and cleaning of oil stains, which seriously affects the work efficiency; (2) Waste of consumables: Rust-preventive oil is lost with the drain, the amount of industrial wiping paper used increases, and new anti-loosening wires need to be tied for repeated installation; (3) Component wear: Repeated disassembly and assembly of the drain bolt causes the thread to strip and the gasket to age, which needs to be replaced regularly; (4) Safety hazards: There is a risk of oil splashing during the operation, which can easily cause personnel to slip or equipment to be contaminated.

[0005] Traditional methods only passively address leakage results, failing to resolve the root cause of uncontrolled oil flow, leading to high maintenance costs and significant operational risks. To address this issue, some organizations have focused on the injection method of rust-preventive oil and coupling agent, employing new coating fixtures to strictly control the dosage and prevent excess oil leakage, thus solving the problem at its source. However, this solution requires a substantial initial investment in replacing the coating fixtures. If the flow of coupling agent and rust-preventive oil into the axle box can be effectively prevented, the step of disassembling the drain bolts can be eliminated, significantly simplifying the operation and improving efficiency. Therefore, this invention provides a dedicated oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow axles in high-speed trains. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a special oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow axles in high-speed trains. By installing an oil guide sleeve at the axle end, with its extended end located outside the axle box, excess couplant is discharged directly to the outside of the axle box along the oil guide sleeve during cleaning. When injecting rust-preventive oil, the oil flows into the hollow axle along the inner conical surface of the oil guide sleeve, completely blocking the path of oil seeping into the axle box through the axle end. Specifically, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A special oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow axles in high-speed trains includes:

[0008] An oil guide cylinder includes a small-diameter end and a medium-diameter end. The outer surface of the small-diameter end is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the hollow shaft end. The outer diameter of the medium-diameter end is larger than that of the small-diameter end. The interior of the oil guide cylinder is a tapered through hole coaxial with the cylinder body.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a dust cover, which is a collar-shaped cover with a central through hole whose inner diameter matches the middle diameter end; the outer edge of the dust cover is provided with an extended flange for fastening the dust cover to the front end of the axle box body.

[0010] Furthermore, the dust cover has a guide baffle on the same side as the extended baffle along the edge of the central through hole. The guide baffle is an inclined surface, and the diameter of the central through hole it encloses gradually decreases along the extension direction to match the middle diameter end.

[0011] Furthermore, the oil guide cylinder also includes a large-diameter end, which is installed at the end of the medium-diameter end relative to the small-diameter end; the outer side of the large-diameter end is provided with anti-slip knurling.

[0012] Furthermore, the connection between the large-diameter end and the medium-diameter end is set as an inclined surface, which can fit the guide edge surface.

[0013] During flaw detection, remove the rubber cover at the front end of the shaft housing 3, and then remove the sealing dust plug and sealing ring at the shaft end. Next, first place the dust cover 2 onto the rubber cover mounting base at the front end of the shaft housing 3, and then screw the small-diameter end 11 of the oil guide sleeve 1 into the shaft end, ensuring a secure connection. The minimum diameter of the inner hole of the oil guide sleeve 1 allows the cleaning rod sponge head to pass through. After installing this oil guide sleeve, the cleaning rod will not be stuck or unable to be pulled out due to the shaft end thread when cleaning the inside of the hollow shaft. Simultaneously, the wall thickness of the oil guide sleeve 1 at its minimum diameter is extremely thin, allowing it to fit well against the inner wall of the hollow shaft without affecting the movement of the sponge head during cleaning and oiling. After flaw detection, remove the oil guide sleeve in the reverse order of placement: first unscrew the oil guide sleeve 1, then remove the dust cover 2, and then restore the shaft end device. Flaw detection is now complete. The removed oil guide sleeve can be reused after proper cleaning and protection.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] (i) The unique combination structure of "three-stage diameter oil guide cylinder plus dust cover" optimizes the oil path through tapered through holes and enables quick installation through threaded fit, blocking the flow of oil into the shaft box from the source and overcoming the pain point of traditional processes that require repeated disassembly and removal of the drain bolt.

[0016] (ii) Directly eliminates the work items such as disassembling the drain bolt and cleaning oil stains, shortening the time for a single flaw detection by about 30%; reduces the consumption of rust-preventive oil (actually reduced by 15%) and the cost of wiping consumables, while avoiding the risk of equipment failure caused by oil stains.

[0017] (iii) The modular design is adapted to the main vehicle axle box structure. Knurled anti-slip and threaded locking ensure sealing reliability under different working conditions, and the maintenance cost is only 15% of the traditional solution.

[0018] This device effectively prevents coupling agent and rust-preventive oil from flowing into the axle box by optimizing oil flow guidance, thus eliminating the need to remove the lower oil drain bolts of the axle box, significantly reducing operational steps, and simultaneously reducing rust-preventive oil consumption and equipment contamination risks. Furthermore, the oil guide sleeve is made of rubber or plastic, offering advantages such as simple structure, convenient operation, and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the oil guide sleeve in use according to this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the oil guide sleeve of this utility model in use.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a side cross-sectional view of the oil guide sleeve of this utility model in use.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the oil guide sleeve described in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the oil guide cylinder described in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the dust cover described in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the existing operation method described in the background art of this utility model;

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 1—Oil guide cylinder, 11—Small diameter end, 111—External thread, 12—Medium diameter end, 13—Large diameter end, 131—Anti-slip knurling, 2—Dust cover, 21—Extended flange, 22—Guide flange, 3—Shaft box body. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical means, creative features, and objectives of this utility model easier to understand, the technical solution will be further explained below with reference to one embodiment of a special oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow shafts of high-speed trains and specific implementation methods provided by this utility model.

[0029] A special oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow shafts of high-speed trains includes an oil guide cylinder 1 and a dust cover 2.

[0030] The oil guide cylinder 1 includes a small-diameter end 11, a medium-diameter end 12, and a large-diameter end 13. The outer surface of the small-diameter end 11 is provided with an external thread 111 that matches the internal thread of the hollow shaft end. The outer diameter of the medium-diameter end 12 is larger than that of the small-diameter end 11. The interior of the oil guide cylinder 1 is a tapered through hole coaxial with the cylinder body. The large-diameter end is mounted on the end of the medium-diameter end 12 relative to the small-diameter end 11. The outer side of the large-diameter end is provided with anti-slip knurling 131.

[0031] The dust cover 2 is a collar-shaped ring, with its central through-hole inner diameter matching the middle diameter end 12. An extended flange 21 is provided along the outer edge of the dust cover 2 to fasten the dust cover 2 to the front end of the axle box 3. A guide flange 22, on the same side as the extended flange 21, is provided along the edge of the central through-hole of the dust cover 2. The guide flange 22 is a slope, and the diameter of the central through-hole it encloses gradually decreases along the extension direction until it matches the middle diameter end 12. The connection between the large diameter end and the middle diameter end 12 is also sloped to fit the surface of the guide flange 22.

[0032] During flaw detection, remove the rubber cover at the front end of the shaft housing 3, and then remove the sealing dust plug and sealing ring at the shaft end. Next, first place the dust cover 2 onto the rubber cover mounting base at the front end of the shaft housing 3, and then screw the small-diameter end 11 of the oil guide sleeve 1 into the shaft end, ensuring a secure connection. The minimum diameter of the inner hole of the oil guide sleeve 1 allows the cleaning rod sponge head to pass through. After installing this oil guide sleeve, the cleaning rod will not be stuck or unable to be pulled out due to the shaft end thread when cleaning the inside of the hollow shaft. Simultaneously, the wall thickness of the oil guide sleeve 1 at its minimum diameter is extremely thin, allowing it to fit well against the inner wall of the hollow shaft without affecting the movement of the sponge head during cleaning and oiling. After flaw detection, remove the oil guide sleeve in the reverse order of placement: first unscrew the oil guide sleeve 1, then remove the dust cover 2, and then restore the shaft end device. Flaw detection is now complete. The removed oil guide sleeve can be reused after proper cleaning and protection.

[0033] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be included within its protection scope. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A special oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow axles in high-speed trains, characterized in that, include: Oil guide cylinder (1), the oil guide cylinder (1) includes a small diameter end (11) and a medium diameter end (12). The outer surface of the small diameter end (11) is provided with an external thread (111) that matches the internal thread of the hollow shaft end. The outer diameter of the medium diameter end (12) is larger than that of the small diameter end (11). The inside of the oil guide cylinder (1) is a tapered through hole coaxial with the cylinder body.

2. The special oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow axles of high-speed trains as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dust cover (2), which is a ring-shaped structure with the inner diameter of its central through hole matching the diameter end (12); the outer edge of the dust cover (2) is provided with an extended flange (21) for fastening the dust cover (2) to the front end of the axle box body (3).

3. The special oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow axles of high-speed trains as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The dust cover (2) has a guide baffle (22) on the same side as the extended baffle (21) along the edge of the central through hole. The guide baffle (22) is an inclined surface, and the diameter of the central through hole it encloses gradually decreases along the extension direction to match the middle diameter end (12).

4. The special oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow axles in high-speed trains as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The oil guide cylinder (1) also includes a large diameter end, which is installed at the end of the medium diameter end (12) relative to the small diameter end (11); the outer side of the large diameter end is provided with anti-slip knurling (131).

5. A special oil guide sleeve for flaw detection of hollow axles in high-speed trains as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The large-diameter end is set as an inclined surface at the connection with the medium-diameter end (12), which can fit the surface of the guide edge (22).

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