A highway landslide detection device based on optical fiber

Abstract

The utility model discloses a highway landslide detection device based on optical fiber, including laser signal transmitting unit, optical fiber, optical fiber fixer, signal receiving control unit and alarm unit, laser signal transmitting unit includes coding drive circuit and laser signal transmitter, and optical fiber includes core, cladding, protective layer and V type recess, and optical fiber fixer includes fixed link, fixed frame and inner blade, and signal receiving control unit includes signal sensing receiving unit, signal decoding amplification unit and control unit, and alarm unit includes sound alarm unit, luminous alarm unit and display screen alarm unit. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, easy construction installation, system instant response, all -weather real -time detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to detection equipment in the field of highway safety monitoring, specifically to a highway landslide detection device based on optical fiber. Background Technology

[0002] Landslides on highways severely impact traffic safety and can easily cause serious traffic accidents. To ensure highway traffic safety, numerous technologies have been developed for monitoring highway landslides. For example, a single-unit, fixed-point slope displacement monitoring device utilizes global satellite navigation technology combined with real-time differential and post-processing techniques to achieve millimeter-level precision monitoring of slope displacement. This technology not only solves the problem of civilian signal accuracy being affected by various errors but also monitors various minute deformations, such as soil and rock loosening, local collapse, and uplift activity, providing administrators with timely and accurate slope safety information. However, the monitoring area is limited; one device can only monitor one point, and large-area monitoring requires multiple devices, resulting in high costs. A more complex highway slope monitoring and early warning system consists of a data acquisition subsystem, a data transmission subsystem, a data processing subsystem, a high slope monitoring and early warning platform, and auxiliary subsystems. These systems enable real-time monitoring, allowing online monitoring of highway slope changes, including surface displacement, slope tilt, underground horizontal displacement, and soil moisture content. They also perform big data analysis, processing and analyzing large amounts of collected data to identify trends and patterns in slope changes and predict potential disaster risks. However, these systems require time for data processing and cannot respond in real-time. Furthermore, they are complex, difficult to construct, and costly. Monitoring can also be achieved using 3D laser scanning equipment combined with drone aerial photography. This technology allows for convenient and real-time full-surface inspection of slopes, and abnormal deformation data can indicate potential hazards. While the data is intuitive and accurate, it still suffers from high costs and low efficiency.

[0003] Current highway slope monitoring technologies can detect potential landslide hazards, but they all have some shortcomings, such as the inability to monitor in real time, low efficiency, monitoring loopholes, high cost, and complex and difficult construction. Therefore, in order to improve highway safety monitoring technology and ensure highway traffic safety, it is still necessary to develop new monitoring technologies that are efficient, have wide coverage, high detection rate, low cost, and are simple and convenient to construct. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a fiber optic-based highway landslide detection device that is simple in structure, easy to install, has an instant response, and can perform real-time detection around the clock, in response to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A fiber optic highway landslide detection device includes a laser signal emitting unit, an optical fiber, an optical fiber fixer, a signal receiving and controlling unit, and an alarm unit. The laser signal emitting unit is optically connected to the optical fiber and the optical fiber is electrically connected to the signal receiving and controlling unit. The optical fiber is fixed to the target area of ​​the landslide detection by the optical fiber fixer so that when a landslide occurs in the target area, the optical fiber is broken by force, interrupting the laser signal transmission. This causes the signal receiving and controlling unit to output a switch control signal to control the alarm unit to sound an alarm.

[0006] Optionally, the laser signal transmitting unit includes an encoding driving circuit, a laser signal transmitter, and an optical fiber coupling module. The encoding driving circuit and the laser signal transmitter are interconnected. The encoding signal current generated by the encoding driving circuit drives the laser signal transmitter to transmit an encoded laser signal. The encoded laser signal is coupled into an optical fiber through the optical fiber coupling module.

[0007] Optionally, the optical fiber includes a core, which is wrapped by a cladding, which is protected by a protective layer. The outer wall of the protective layer in the area between the optical fiber fixers is provided with spaced-apart breakable portions to reduce the shear resistance of the optical fiber so that the optical fiber breaks under force when a landslide occurs in the target area.

[0008] Optionally, the breakable portion is a groove structure that does not penetrate the protective layer.

[0009] Optionally, the groove structure is a V-shaped groove.

[0010] Optionally, the fiber optic cable being fixed to the target area of ​​landslide detection by fiber optic cable fixers means that the fiber optic cable is fixed on both sides of the target area of ​​landslide detection by a fiber optic cable fixer, so as to ensure that when a landslide occurs in the target area, the force is applied to the fiber optic cable through the fiber optic cable fixers so that the fiber optic cable is broken by the force.

[0011] Optionally, the fiber optic fixer includes a fixing rod, a fixing frame, and an inner blade. The lower part of the fixing rod is provided with a sharp part or an expansion bolt for fixing to the ground in the target area of ​​landslide detection. The fixing rod and the fixing frame are connected by a buckle. The fixing frame is provided with a clamping groove on the side opposite to the fixing rod for clamping the fiber optic cable. The fiber optic cable is clamped and fixed in the clamping groove.

[0012] Optionally, an inner blade is provided on the side of the clamping groove or fixing rod near the fixing rod to make the optical fiber easier to break in the event of a landslide in the target area.

[0013] Optionally, the signal receiving control unit includes a signal sensing and receiving unit, a signal decoding and amplification unit, and a control unit connected in sequence. The signal sensing and receiving unit is used to receive laser signals transmitted through optical fiber. After receiving the laser signal, the signal sensing and receiving unit generates a current signal, which is decoded and amplified by the signal decoding and amplification unit. The decoded and amplified signal of the signal decoding and amplification unit is input to the control unit to control the alarm unit to sound an alarm when the laser signal transmission is interrupted by outputting a switch control signal by the control unit.

[0014] Optionally, the alarm unit includes some or all of the sound alarm unit, light alarm unit, and display alarm unit, and the control terminals of the sound alarm unit, light alarm unit, and display alarm unit are connected to the control unit to issue alarm signals according to the switch control signals output by the control unit.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This utility model includes a laser signal transmitting unit, an optical fiber, an optical fiber fixer, a signal receiving and control unit, and an alarm unit. The optical fiber is the main detection device for sensing landslides. When installing in the detection area, the optical fiber is fixed on the optical fiber fixer, and then the optical fiber fixer is inserted into the ground. The overall structure is simple, the construction and installation are convenient, and the cost is low.

[0016] 2. This utility model uses optical fiber as the coded laser signal channel. Once a landslide occurs and the optical fiber breaks, the coded laser signal cannot pass through, the signal receiving and control unit cannot receive the signal, and the alarm unit is immediately triggered, and the system responds instantly.

[0017] 3. This utility model uses optical fiber as the encoding laser signal channel, which is not affected by weather or time of day, and can perform real-time detection around the clock.

[0018] 4. This utility model includes an encoding drive circuit and a decoding amplifier circuit. It uses encoding technology to encode the current signal and generate an encoded laser signal. The device has strong anti-interference ability and high safety. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical fiber structure in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber optic fixer structure in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0022] Legend: 1. Laser signal transmitting unit; 11. Encoding drive circuit; 12. Laser signal transmitter; 13. Fiber optic coupling module; 2. Fiber optic cable; 21. Fiber core; 22. Cladding; 23. Protective layer; 24. Fragile part; 3. Fiber optic fixer; 31. Fixing rod; 32. Fixing frame; 321. Clamping groove; 33. Inner blade; 4. Signal receiving and control unit; 41. Signal sensing and receiving unit; 42. Signal decoding and amplification unit; 43. Control unit; 5. Alarm unit; 51. Sound alarm unit; 52. Illuminated alarm unit; 53. Display alarm unit. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of a fiber optic highway landslide detection device includes a laser signal emitting unit 1, an optical fiber 2, an optical fiber fixer 3, a signal receiving and controlling unit 4, and an alarm unit 5. The laser signal emitting unit 1, optical fiber 2, signal receiving and controlling unit 4, and alarm unit 5 are arranged sequentially. The laser signal emitting unit 1 and optical fiber 2, and optical fiber 2 and signal receiving and controlling unit 4 are optically connected. The signal receiving and controlling unit 4 and alarm unit 5 are electrically connected. The coded laser signal emitted by the laser signal emitting unit 1 enters optical fiber 2 through an optical fiber coupling module, and is then transmitted to the signal receiving and controlling unit 4. Optical fiber 2 is fixed to the target area of ​​the landslide detection by optical fiber fixer 3. When a landslide occurs in the target area, the force on optical fiber 2 breaks, interrupting the laser signal transmission. This causes the signal receiving and controlling unit 4 to output a switch control signal to control the alarm unit 5 to sound an alarm. The signal receiving and controlling unit 4 outputs a switch control signal to control the working state of alarm unit 5 when a coded laser signal is detected, whether it is present or absent. This embodiment can detect highway landslides and has advantages such as simple structure, convenient construction and installation, instant system response, and all-weather real-time detection.

[0024] To improve the security of the signal receiving and control unit 4, in this embodiment, the laser signal transmitting unit 1 includes an encoding driving circuit 11, a laser signal transmitter 12, and an optical fiber coupling module 13. The encoding driving circuit 11 and the laser signal transmitter 12 are interconnected. The encoding signal current of the encoding driving circuit 11 drives the laser signal transmitter 12 to emit an encoded laser signal. The encoded laser signal is coupled into the optical fiber 2 through the optical fiber coupling module 13. The optical fiber coupling module 13 performs transmission transformation on the laser signal emitted by the laser signal transmitter 12, so that most of the laser signal is coupled into the optical fiber 2. As an optional implementation, in this embodiment, the encoding driving circuit 11 adopts a PT2262IR encoding circuit, the corresponding decoding amplifier circuit 41 adopts a PT2272 decoding circuit, and the laser signal transmitter 12 adopts a 940nm wavelength laser diode. The PT2262IR encoding circuit is mainly composed of PT2262IR chips, and the PT2272 decoding circuit is mainly composed of PT2272 chips. The PT2262IR chip and the PT2272 chip are paired encoding and decoding chips.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the optical fiber 2 includes a fiber core 21, which is wrapped by a cladding 22. The cladding 22 is wrapped and protected by a protective layer 23. On the outer wall of the area between the optical fiber fixers 3 on the protective layer 23, there are spaced-arranged breakable portions 24 to reduce the shear resistance of the optical fiber 2, so that the optical fiber 2 will break under force when a landslide occurs in the target area. The cladding 22 has a lower refractive index than the fiber core 21, so that light undergoes total internal reflection at the interface between the fiber core 21 and the cladding 22, preventing it from escaping from the fiber core 21 and thus propagating forward along the fiber core. The protective layer 23 is used to protect the fiber core 21 and the cladding 22. The breakable portions 24 are used to reduce the shear resistance of the optical fiber 2. The shear force generated by the landslide makes the optical fiber 2 break easily.

[0026] The fracture-prone section 24 can be designed with fragility as needed, taking into account material selection, structural design, and processing technology. Regarding material selection, brittle polymers (such as polystyrene), modified engineering plastics (such as those with fillers like calcium carbonate to reduce toughness), or composite materials can be used to utilize weakened interfaces to make the protective layer 23 easily breakable (for example, the protective layer 23 is a multi-segment structure of different materials, and the weakened interfaces between adjacent segments of different materials make it easy to break). In terms of structural design, grooves or notches can be designed into the protective layer 23. These grooves or notches become stress concentration points; when external forces are applied, stress concentrates at these points, thus preferentially causing fracture at these locations. Regarding processing technology, during the injection molding process of the protective layer 23, defects can be created in certain parts of the protective layer 23 by controlling parameters such as injection pressure, temperature, and time. For example, reducing the injection pressure can cause tiny holes or cracks to appear on the surface or inside the protective layer 23. These defects reduce the material's strength, making it more prone to fracture. Alternatively, through mold design, the surface of the protective layer 23 can have raised or recessed portions. During injection molding, these features will form corresponding stress concentration structures on the protective layer 23, thereby achieving the purpose of easy breakage. Furthermore, the easy-break design can be achieved through post-processing techniques such as laser etching and chemical etching, for example, using a laser to etch small cracks or marks on the surface or inside of the protective layer 23. These cracks or marks will become stress concentration points, and when the protective layer 23 is subjected to external force, it will break along these cracks or marks. For example, a suitable chemical reagent can be selected to locally etch the protective layer 23, reducing its thickness locally and forming easy-break areas. For example, for some plastic protective layers 23, specific organic solvents can be used to locally etch the surface of the protective layer 23 to form easy-break points. As an optional implementation method, such as... Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the easily breakable part 24 is a groove structure that does not penetrate the protective layer 23, and the groove structure is a V-shaped groove.

[0027] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the fiber optic fixer 3 includes a fixing rod 31, a fixing frame 32, and an inner blade 33. The fixing rod 31 has a sharp point at its lower part for fixing to the ground in the target area of ​​the landslide detection. The fixing rod 31 and the fixing frame 32 are connected by a snap-fit. The fixing frame 32 has a clamping groove 321 on the side opposite to the fixing rod 31 for clamping the fiber optic cable 2. The fiber optic cable 2 is clamped and fixed in the clamping groove 321. The fiber optic cable 2 is placed in the clamping groove 321 of the fixing frame 32, and then the fixing frame 32 is pressed tightly onto the fixing rod 31. The fixing rod 31 is then inserted into the ground in the target area of ​​the landslide detection area to fix the fiber optic cable 2. The fiber optic fixers 3 are used at certain intervals, the specific distance depending on the geological conditions of the area to be detected. For example, one fiber optic fixer 3 can be used on each side of the target area of ​​the landslide detection area to fix the fiber optic cable 2, so that the force of a landslide in the target area is applied to the fiber optic cable 2 through the fiber optic fixer 3, causing the fiber optic cable 2 to break under the force. In addition, more fiber optic fixers 3 can be arranged as needed to fix the fiber optic cable 2.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, as an optional implementation, in this embodiment, an inner blade 33 is provided on the side of the clamping groove 321 or the fixing rod 31 near the fixing rod 31 to make the optical fiber 2 easier to break when a landslide occurs in the target area.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the signal receiving control unit 4 includes a signal sensing receiving unit 41, a signal decoding and amplification unit 42, and a control unit 43 connected in sequence. The signal sensing receiving unit 41 is used to receive the laser signal transmitted by the optical fiber 2. After receiving the laser signal, the signal sensing receiving unit 41 generates a current signal, which is decoded and amplified by the signal decoding and amplification unit 42. The decoded and amplified signal of the signal decoding and amplification unit 42 is input to the control unit 43 so that when the laser signal transmission is interrupted, the control unit 43 outputs a switch control signal to control the alarm unit 5 to sound an alarm.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the alarm unit 5 includes some or all of the following: a sound alarm unit 51, a light alarm unit 52, and a display alarm unit 53. The control terminals of the sound alarm unit 51, the light alarm unit 52, and the display alarm unit 53 are connected to the control unit 43 to issue alarm signals based on the switch control signals output by the control unit 43. When triggered, the sound alarm unit 51 emits an alarm sound; when triggered, the light alarm unit 52 emits an alarm flashing light; and when triggered, the display alarm unit 53 displays text alarm information on the display screen. The alarm unit 5 is positioned beside the road in the area to be detected, facing the direction of oncoming traffic, ensuring that warning information can be obtained at a safe distance. As an optional implementation, in this embodiment, the sound alarm unit 51, the light alarm unit 52, and the display alarm unit 53 are controlled by the control unit 43 to issue sound and light alarms and display text alarms when necessary. In addition, some or all of the sound alarm unit 51, the light alarm unit 52, and the display alarm unit 53 can be designed to stop alarming only when a road landslide occurs. For example, the light alarm unit 52 can be designed to light up by default and stop lighting up only when a road landslide occurs. It can also achieve the alarm function by switching the alarm state.

[0031] Example 2: This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment one, the main difference being that: in this embodiment, the lower part of the fixing rod 31 is fixed to the ground in the target area of ​​the landslide detection using expansion bolts, so that the optical fiber can also be fixed in areas such as hard soil or rock.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fiber optic-based highway landslide detection device, characterized in that, The system includes a laser signal emitting unit (1), an optical fiber (2), an optical fiber fixer (3), a signal receiving control unit (4), and an alarm unit (5). The laser signal emitting unit (1) is optically connected to the optical fiber (2), and the optical fiber (2) is optically connected to the signal receiving control unit (4). The signal receiving control unit (4) and the alarm unit (5) are electrically connected. The optical fiber (2) is fixed to the target area of ​​the landslide detection by the optical fiber fixer (3) so that when a landslide occurs in the target area, the laser signal transmission is interrupted by the force breaking the optical fiber (2), so that the signal receiving control unit (4) outputs a switch control signal to control the alarm unit (5) to sound an alarm.

2. The fiber-optic-based highway landslide detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser signal transmitting unit (1) includes an encoding driving circuit (11), a laser signal transmitter (12), and an optical fiber coupling module (13). The encoding driving circuit (11) and the laser signal transmitter (12) are interconnected. The encoding signal current generated by the encoding driving circuit (11) drives the laser signal transmitter (12) to transmit an encoded laser signal. The encoded laser signal is coupled to the optical fiber (2) through the optical fiber coupling module (13).

3. The fiber-optic-based highway landslide detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical fiber (2) includes a core (21), which is wrapped by a cladding (22). The cladding (22) is wrapped and protected by a protective layer (23). The outer wall of the area between the optical fiber fixers (3) on the protective layer (23) is provided with spaced breakable parts (24) to reduce the shear resistance of the optical fiber (2) so that the optical fiber (2) will break under force when a landslide occurs in the target area.

4. The fiber-optic-based highway landslide detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The breakable part (24) is a groove structure that does not penetrate the protective layer (23).

5. The fiber-optic-based highway landslide detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The groove structure is a V-shaped groove.

6. The fiber optic-based highway landslide detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber (2) is fixed to the target area of ​​landslide detection by fiber fixation device (3). This means that the fiber (2) is fixed on both sides of the target area of ​​landslide detection by a fiber fixation device (3) to ensure that when a landslide occurs in the target area, the force is applied to the fiber (2) through the fiber fixation device (3) so that the fiber (2) is broken by force.

7. The fiber-optic-based highway landslide detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic fixer (3) includes a fixing rod (31), a fixing frame (32), and an inner blade (33). The fixing rod (31) has a sharp part or expansion bolt at the bottom for fixing to the ground in the target area of ​​landslide detection. The fixing rod (31) and the fixing frame (32) are connected by a buckle. The fixing frame (32) has a clamping groove (321) on the side opposite to the fixing rod (31) for clamping the fiber optic cable (2). The fiber optic cable (2) is clamped and fixed in the clamping groove (321).

8. The fiber-optic-based highway landslide detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, An inner blade (33) is provided on the side of the clamping groove (321) or the fixing rod (31) near the fixing rod (31) to make the optical fiber (2) easier to break when a landslide occurs in the target area.

9. The fiber optic-based highway landslide detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal receiving control unit (4) includes a signal sensing receiving unit (41), a signal decoding amplification unit (42), and a control unit (43) connected in sequence. The signal sensing receiving unit (41) is used to receive the laser signal transmitted by the optical fiber (2). After receiving the laser signal, the signal sensing receiving unit (41) generates a current signal, which is decoded and amplified by the signal decoding amplification unit (42). The decoded and amplified signal of the signal decoding amplification unit (42) is input to the control unit (43) to control the alarm unit (5) to alarm when the laser signal transmission is interrupted by outputting a switch control signal through the control unit (43).

10. The fiber-optic-based highway landslide detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The alarm unit (5) includes some or all of the sound alarm unit (51), the light alarm unit (52) and the display alarm unit (53). The control terminals of the sound alarm unit (51), the light alarm unit (52) and the display alarm unit (53) are connected to the control unit (43) to issue alarm signals according to the switch control signals output by the control unit (43).

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