A steering system hydraulic pressure assisting system maintenance teaching aid

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hydraulic power steering system maintenance teaching aids, belong to automobile teaching equipment technical field.The teaching aid includes frame main body, demonstration platform and with lock universal wheel, complete real vehicle steering assembly, power pump, steering oil pot, steering motor, gear box are equipped on demonstration platform, steering motor drive is replaced manual operation steering wheel steering, through water light band replacement oil circuit to visualize oil flow, simultaneously equipped with left turn, right turn, oil change, fault button and remote control module to realize centralized control and dynamic demonstration;Another structure display area is used for structure comparison rack and pinion steering gear and circulating ball type steering machine.Therefore, the utility model simulates real working environment, students can intuitively understand hydraulic power steering system principle, improve fault diagnosis capability, enough effectively improve teaching effect, enhance student practical ability, solve the limitation of traditional teaching equipment, applicable to automobile vocational education and maintenance training.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of automotive teaching equipment technology, specifically relating to a teaching aid for the maintenance of a hydraulic power steering system. Background Technology

[0002] In the traditional field of automotive repair and education, the hydraulic power steering system, as a key component of vehicle steering, has always been a focus of automotive vocational education. Currently, teaching methods for this system mainly rely on traditional teaching aids, actual vehicle disassembly, or two-dimensional diagrams, with a particular lack of specialized teaching equipment for specific models such as the Beijing BJ80. As a typical rugged off-road vehicle, the Beijing BJ80's hydraulic power steering system is characterized by high-pressure loads and complex hydraulic circuit layouts, demanding higher levels of structural accuracy and dynamic demonstration capabilities from teaching equipment. Existing teaching equipment often employs a general-purpose design, making it difficult to precisely match the system characteristics of this vehicle model. This hinders students' ability to establish a correspondence between the vehicle model and technical principles during practical training, impacting their proficiency in subsequent actual repair operations.

[0003] Furthermore, traditional teaching equipment for automotive hydraulic power steering systems suffers from several problems: First, the visualization of the oil circuit and power steering process is extremely low: existing teaching aids often use metal or opaque plastic materials for the oil pipes, oil tanks, and steering gear housings, making it impossible to visually demonstrate the flow path of the hydraulic oil, pressure changes, and the power steering transmission process. Students can only imagine the system's working state through theoretical texts or static images, and their understanding of core principles such as the distinction between high-pressure oil circuits and low-pressure return oil, and the synergistic relationship between the hydraulic pump and the steering gear remains abstract, making it difficult to form a concrete understanding. Second, dynamic demonstration functions are lacking: most teaching aids are fixed static structures that can only demonstrate the assembly relationship of parts, failing to simulate the linkage process between the hydraulic system and the mechanical structure during actual operations such as left and right turns. Students cannot observe key details such as changes in hydraulic oil flow and the movement of the piston inside the steering gear during steering actions, resulting in a superficial understanding of the key technical details of "how hydraulic power steering reduces steering resistance."

[0004] Furthermore, the existing teaching equipment suffers from insufficient ease of operation and adaptability to teaching scenarios, further reducing teaching efficiency. On the one hand, the system control is decentralized; functions such as steering operation, hydraulic circuit demonstration, and fault simulation often require separate operation of different components, lacking a unified control interface. Teachers need to frequently switch operating positions during teaching, affecting the teaching pace. On the other hand, the fault simulation capability is weak, unable to accurately reproduce the phenomena and mechanisms of common faults such as hydraulic circuit blockage, hydraulic fluid mixing, and power steering pump failure, making it difficult for students to accumulate fault diagnosis experience through practical training. Meanwhile, traditional teaching aids are mostly fixed structures, heavy, and difficult to move, unable to flexibly adapt to the teaching needs of different training sites, and poorly suited for scenarios with multiple classes rotating in technical schools and vocational training centers. Therefore, developing a teaching device for the hydraulic power steering system that can achieve structural visualization, dynamic demonstration, centralized control, and is compatible with the Beijing BJ80 model is key to solving the current teaching pain points. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the problems in the background technology, existing teaching equipment for the maintenance of hydraulic power steering systems usually relies on actual vehicle operation or simple diagrams, which has the disadvantages of high operational risks, insufficient visualization of internal structure and oil flow process, and difficulty in simulating fault conditions, resulting in poor teaching effect and difficulty for students to intuitively understand the working principle of the system and the key points of maintenance. This utility model provides a teaching tool for the maintenance of hydraulic power steering systems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a maintenance teaching aid for a hydraulic power steering system, comprising a frame body and a demonstration platform mounted thereon. The frame body is equipped with lockable casters. A complete vehicle steering assembly, power steering pump, and power steering fluid reservoir are mounted on the demonstration platform. The vehicle steering assembly includes a steering wheel, column, rack and pinion steering gear, tie rod, steering knuckle, and steering valve. A steering motor and a dual-output right-angle gearbox are mounted on the demonstration platform. The steering motor is connected to the input shaft of the dual-output right-angle gearbox via a coupling. One output shaft of the right-angle gearbox is connected to the steering wheel shaft, and the other output shaft is connected to the column via a universal joint and to the input shaft of the rack and pinion steering gear. All oil circuits between the rack and pinion steering gear and the steering valve, as well as between the steering valve and the power steering pump and the steering fluid reservoir, are replaced by a running light strip. A left turn button, a right turn button, an oil change button, and a fault button are installed on the demonstration platform. The four buttons are electrically connected to the steering motor and the running light strip through the control module component to simulate the working status of the steering components and the fluid flow under manual steering and fault conditions.

[0007] As a further explanation and limitation of the above technical solution, the control module assembly is installed on the back of the demonstration stand, and it includes an isolated power conversion module, a power transformer module, an interlock module, two relay modules, and a light strip controller. An external 220V AC power supply sequentially supplies 12V DC power to the interlock module and the two relay modules through a leakage current protector and the isolated power conversion module, respectively. The light strip controller is connected to the power conversion module through the power transformer module and provides it with a 5V low-voltage power supply. Four buttons are connected in series in the four-way control circuit between the power conversion module and the interlock module. The four output terminals of the interlock module are electrically connected to the running light through the light strip controller. The fault output terminal of the interlock module is electrically connected to the motor of the booster pump through a relay module. The left turn and right turn output terminals of the interlock module are connected to the steering motor through another relay module.

[0008] As a further supplement to the above technical solution, a remote control module is installed on the back of the demonstration stand and is powered by a power conversion module. The remote control module is connected in parallel in the control circuit of the four buttons and its wireless communication is connected to a handheld remote control.

[0009] As a further supplement to the above technical solution, a structural display area is set up on the demonstration platform, on which the disassembled components of the rack and pinion steering gear are displayed.

[0010] As a further supplement to the above technical solution, a recirculating ball steering gear is set on the demonstration platform, and a handwheel is installed on the output shaft of the recirculating ball steering gear.

[0011] As a further supplement to the above technical solution, a panel ambient light and a title backlight are installed on the front of the demonstration stand, and both are powered by a power conversion module. The panel ambient light is arranged on the front edge of the demonstration stand, and the title backlight is arranged in the title area.

[0012] As a further explanation of the above technical solution, the running light strip is threaded through a transparent flexible tube and fixed to the front of the demonstration stand with clips.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention utilizes the original vehicle's steering components, power steering pump, and power steering fluid reservoir to recreate the assembly relationship of the hydraulic power steering system in a 1:1 scale. With the aid of components such as the steering motor and a dual-output right-angle gearbox, it simulates the linkage between the hydraulic system and mechanical structure during actual vehicle turns, clearly demonstrating key details such as fluid flow changes and piston movement within the steering gear. Furthermore, by replacing traditional hydraulic circuits with a sequential LED strip encased in a transparent flexible tube, the flow path of the hydraulic fluid and the distinction between high-pressure and low-pressure circuits are clearly visualized. Therefore, this invention not only enhances the intuitiveness and interactivity of teaching demonstrations but also effectively helps students understand and master the principles of complex hydraulic power steering systems, significantly optimizing teaching effectiveness.

[0014] The utility model displays disassembled components of a rack and pinion steering gear and a manually operable recirculating ball steering gear in the structural display area, allowing trainees to directly observe the internal structure and transmission principle of different steering gears. Through hands-on operation, trainees can deepen their understanding of the working principle of the steering system and improve their practical operation skills.

[0015] 3. This utility model features four centralized control buttons for left turn, right turn, oil change, and fault detection, along with a handheld remote control. This unified control of steering, oil circuit demonstration, and fault simulation functions avoids teachers frequently switching operating positions, ensuring the smooth flow of teaching. Furthermore, the locking casters at the bottom of the frame allow the teaching aid to be moved flexibly and fixed in any training location, making it suitable for scenarios involving multiple classes rotating in vocational schools and training centers, thus enhancing the practicality of the teaching equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the maintenance teaching aid for the hydraulic power steering system of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the steering assembly in a real vehicle according to this utility model; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the control module component in this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Main frame; 2. Demonstration stand; 3. Lockable caster wheel; 4. Actual vehicle steering assembly; 5. Power steering pump; 6. Steering fluid reservoir; 7. Steering motor; 8. Dual-axis right-angle gearbox; 9. Flowing light strip; 10. Left turn button; 11. Right turn button; 12. Oil change button; 13. Fault button; 14. Structure display area; 15. Recirculating ball steering gear; 16. Handwheel; 17. Panel ambient lighting; 18. Title backlight.

[0018] The actual vehicle steering assembly includes the following structural components: steering wheel (401), column (402), rack and pinion steering gear (403), tie rod (404), steering knuckle (405), and steering valve (406).

[0019] The control module components include an isolated power conversion module, a power transformer module, an interlock module, a relay module, and a light strip controller. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the following description is in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-3 Taking the Beijing BJ80 model as an example, the steering components, power steering pump, and steering fluid reservoir are all sourced from the original vehicle, and the recirculating ball steering gear is also a sourced from existing pre-built components. The following three embodiments will further illustrate this utility model. Example 1

[0021] As attached Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a teaching aid for maintaining a hydraulic power steering system includes a frame 1 made of high-strength metal with locking casters 3 fixed at the bottom, which can be fixed to any training site via a locking mechanism. A demonstration platform 2 is welded to the top of the frame 1, on which a complete real-vehicle steering assembly 4 is installed. The real-vehicle steering assembly 4 includes a steering wheel 401, a column 402, a rack and pinion steering gear 403, a tie rod 404, a steering knuckle 405, and a steering valve 406. All components are assembled according to a 1:1 scale replica of a Beijing BJ80 real vehicle. A steering motor 7 and a dual-output right-angle gearbox 8 are installed on the demonstration platform 2. The output shaft of the steering motor 7 is connected to the input shaft of the dual-output right-angle gearbox 8 via a coupling. One output shaft of the dual-output right-angle gearbox 8 is rigidly connected to the shaft of the steering wheel 401, and the other output shaft is connected to the column 402 via a universal joint. The end of the column 402 is connected to the input shaft of the rack and pinion steering gear 403, simulating steering motion driven by the motor. The oil passages between the rack and pinion steering gear 403 and the steering valve 406, between the steering valve 406 and the power steering pump 5, and between the steering valve 406 and the steering fluid reservoir 6 are all replaced by a continuous LED strip 9. The continuous LED strip 9 is threaded through a transparent flexible tube and fixed to the front of the demonstration stand 2 with clips, which can visually demonstrate the oil flow path. Ambient lights 17 are installed on the front edge of the demonstration stand 2, and title backlights 18 are installed in the title area. Both are connected to the isolated power conversion module via wires, which provides a 12V operating voltage. The front of the demonstration stand 2 is equipped with a left turn button 10, a right turn button 11, an oil change button 12, and a fault button 13. The four buttons are connected to the control module assembly via wires. The control module assembly is fixed to the back of the demonstration stand 2. The control module assembly includes an isolated power conversion module, a power transformer module, an interlock module, two relay modules, and an LED strip controller.

[0022] In this embodiment, the circuit connection method and principle of the control module components are as follows: The L and N terminals of the external 220V AC power supply are connected to the input terminal of the leakage current protection device via wires. The output terminal of the leakage current protection device is connected to the input terminal of the isolated power conversion module to achieve power supply safety protection. The isolated power conversion module outputs 12V DC power, and its positive terminal is connected to the power terminal of the interlock module, the coil terminals of the two relay modules, the power terminal of the panel ambient light 17 and the title backlight 18, respectively. The negative terminal is connected to the common ground terminal of each module and the negative terminal of the panel ambient light 17 and the title backlight 18, forming the main power supply circuit. One end of the left turn button 10, right turn button 11, oil change button 12, and fault button 13 are connected in series to the 12V output terminal of the isolated power conversion module, and the other end is connected to the four signal input terminals of the interlock module, forming the command input circuit. The interlock module internally implements signal interlocking through logic circuits to ensure that only one command is valid at the same time, avoiding conflicting operations. Of the four outputs of the interlock module, two are connected to the control terminals of two relay modules. One relay module's normally open contact is connected to the forward / reverse control terminal of the steering motor 7, enabling the switching of the steering motor 7's operation. The other relay module's normally open contact is connected to the motor control terminal of the power booster pump 5, used to control the operating status of the power booster pump 5. The power transformer module's input terminal is connected to the 12V output terminal of the isolated power conversion module, outputting 5V DC power to the light strip controller's power terminal to provide the appropriate voltage for the flowing light strip 9. The four outputs of the interlock module are connected to the signal input terminals of the light strip controller. The light strip controller's output terminals are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the flowing light strip 9 via wires, allowing control of the color, flow direction, and flashing state of the flowing light strip 9 based on the input signal, realizing a visual simulation of oil flow.

[0023] In this embodiment, the interlock module is a YYS-2 programmable relay module, which has high reliability and flexibility, supports custom logic programming, and ensures that each instruction is executed independently. Example 2

[0024] like Figure 3As shown, based on Example 1, a remote control function is added to improve ease of operation, specifically as follows: A remote control module 16, model QM1006, is fixedly installed on demonstration stand 2. This module uses a 12V 6-channel remote control switch and is equipped with a high-power remote controller. The input terminal of the remote control module 16 is connected to an isolated power conversion module via a wire to obtain a 12V operating voltage. The output terminal of the remote control module 16 is connected in parallel via a wire in the control circuit between the left turn button 10, right turn button 11, oil change button 12, fault button 13, and the interlock module, achieving compatible control between button operation and remote control operation. The remote control module 16 is paired with a handheld remote controller. The surface of the handheld remote controller has four corresponding "left turn", "right turn", "oil change", and "fault" buttons. It adopts a 2.4G wireless communication protocol with a communication distance covering a range of 10 meters. When any button is pressed on the handheld remote controller, the remote control module 16 outputs the same electrical signal as the corresponding button, triggering the steering motor 7 or the flowing light strip 9 to act through the interlock module. The interlock module 143 ensures that only one operation signal is responded to at the same time to avoid conflict. Example 3

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, based on Example 1, the structural demonstration function is enhanced and an alternative steering gear solution is provided, specifically as follows: A structural demonstration area 18 is set up on the left side of the demonstration stand 2. This area displays the disassembled components 181 of the rack and pinion steering gear 43, including the rack, gears, seals, and housing. Each component is labeled with its name and function, facilitating trainees' intuitive understanding of the internal structure. Simultaneously, a recirculating ball steering gear 19 is bolted to the right side of the demonstration stand 2. The output shaft of the recirculating ball steering gear 19 is connected to a handwheel 20 via a key. Rotating the handwheel 20 drives the screw, nut, and steel ball inside the recirculating ball steering gear 19, visually demonstrating its transmission principle. This provides a structural comparison with the rack and pinion steering gear 403, helping trainees understand the differences in operation between different types of steering gears.

[0026] The specific demonstration and teaching process is as follows: 1. System Startup and Initialization: Connect the 220V power supply, close the leakage protection device, and the isolated power conversion module outputs 12V DC power. The panel ambient light 23 and title backlight 24 are lit. In the flowing light strip 9, the section from the power steering pump 5 to the steering valve 406 is red, simulating high-pressure oil, and the section from the steering valve 406 to the steering fluid reservoir 6 is green, simulating low-pressure oil return, indicating that the system is ready.

[0027] 2. Left Turn Demonstration: Press the left turn button 10 or the "left turn" button on the handheld remote control. The interlock module drives the steering motor 7 to rotate forward through the relay module. The steering motor 7 drives the steering wheel 401 to turn left through the same-direction double-output shaft right-angle gearbox 8, and at the same time drives the column 402 and the rack and pinion steering gear 403 to move. The light strip controller controls the flowing light strip 9 corresponding to the right cavity of the rack and pinion steering gear 403 to be in a red flowing state to simulate high-pressure oil inflow, and the flowing light strip 9 corresponding to the left cavity to be in a green flowing state to simulate low-pressure oil return. The system automatically stops after reaching the left turn limit.

[0028] 3. Right turn demonstration: Press the right turn button 11 or the "right turn" button on the handheld remote control. The steering motor 7 reverses, the steering wheel 401 turns right, the left chamber of the rack and pinion steering gear 403 turns red with the flowing light strip 9, and the right chamber turns green. The movement is symmetrical to the left turn. It stops after reaching the right turn limit.

[0029] 4. Oil Change Demonstration: Press the oil change button 12 or the "oil change" button on the handheld remote control. The interlock module controls the light strip controller to make the flowing light strip 9 appear as a green circulating water state, simulating the oil change cycle from the steering fluid reservoir 6 → power steering pump 5 → steering valve 406 → rack and pinion steering gear 403 → steering fluid reservoir 6, intuitively demonstrating the oil change process.

[0030] 5. Fault Simulation: Pressing the fault button 13 or the "Fault" button on the handheld remote control triggers the relay module, causing the power booster pump 5 motor to operate abnormally. At the same time, the light strip controller controls the flowing light strip 9 to flash green mixed with yellow to simulate the mixing of oil and air. When the steering motor 7 drives the steering action, there is a delay and jamming, simulating common fault phenomena, which makes it easier for students to observe fault characteristics.

[0031] During the above teaching demonstration, trainees can observe the disassembled components of the rack and pinion steering gear 403 through the structural display area 18 and understand the function of each component. By rotating the recirculating ball steering gear 19 through the handwheel 20, they can compare the structural and operational differences between the two steering gears and deepen their understanding of the steering system.

[0032] The foregoing has shown and described the main features and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments of this utility model are not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above. Furthermore, without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this utility model, the inventive concept and design ideas of this utility model can be implemented in other specific forms, and these should be equivalently included within the protection scope disclosed in the technical solution of this utility model. Therefore, in all respects, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included within this utility model.

[0033] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A maintenance teaching aid for a hydraulic power steering system, comprising a frame body (1) and a demonstration platform (2) mounted thereon, wherein the frame body (1) is provided with locking casters (3), and a complete vehicle steering assembly (4), a power steering pump (5), and a steering fluid reservoir (6) are mounted on the demonstration platform (2), wherein the vehicle steering assembly (4) includes a steering wheel (401), a column (402), a rack and pinion steering gear (403), a tie rod (404), a steering knuckle (405), and a steering valve (406), characterized in that: A steering motor (7) and a dual-output right-angle gearbox (8) are installed on the demonstration stand (2). The steering motor (7) is connected to the input shaft of the dual-output right-angle gearbox (8) via a coupling. One output shaft of the dual-output right-angle gearbox (8) is connected to the shaft of the steering wheel (401), and its other output shaft is connected to the column (402) via a universal joint and connected to the input shaft of the rack and pinion steering gear (403). The rack and pinion steering gear (403) is connected to the steering valve. All oil circuits between (406) and the steering valve (406) and the power steering pump (5) and steering oil reservoir (6) are replaced by a running light strip (9). A left turn button (10), a right turn button (11), an oil change button (12) and a fault button (13) are installed on the demonstration platform (2). The four buttons are connected to the steering motor (7) and the running light strip (9) through the control module assembly to simulate the working state and oil flow of the steering assembly (4) of the real vehicle under manual steering and fault conditions.

2. The steering system hydraulic power steering system maintenance teaching tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module assembly is installed on the back of the demonstration stand (2) and includes an isolated power conversion module, a power transformer module, an interlock module, two relay modules and a light strip controller. An external 220V AC power supply sequentially supplies 12V DC power to the interlock module and the two relay modules through a leakage current protector and an isolated power conversion module. The light strip controller is connected to the power conversion module through the power transformer module and provides it with a 5V low-voltage power supply. Four buttons are connected in series in the four-way control circuit between the power conversion module and the interlock module. The four output terminals of the interlock module are electrically connected to the flowing light strip (9) through the light strip controller. The fault output terminal of the interlock module is electrically connected to the motor of the booster pump (5) through a relay module. The left turn and right turn output terminals of the interlock module are connected to the steering motor (7) through another relay module.

3. The maintenance teaching aid for a hydraulic power steering system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A remote control module is installed on the back of the demonstration stand (2) and is powered by a power conversion module. The remote control module is connected in parallel in the control circuit of the four buttons and its wireless communication is connected to the handheld remote control.

4. A maintenance teaching aid for a hydraulic power steering system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A structural display area (14) is provided on the demonstration stand (2), on which the disassembled parts of the rack and pinion steering gear (403) are provided.

5. A maintenance teaching aid for a hydraulic power steering system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A recirculating ball steering gear (15) is provided on the demonstration platform (2), and a handwheel (16) is installed on the output shaft of the recirculating ball steering gear (15).

6. A maintenance teaching aid for a hydraulic power steering system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A panel ambient light (17) and a title backlight (18) are installed on the front of the demonstration stand (2), and both are powered by a power conversion module. The panel ambient light (17) is arranged on the front edge of the demonstration stand (2), and the title backlight (18) is arranged in the title area.

7. A maintenance teaching aid for a hydraulic power steering system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The LED light strip (9) is threaded through a transparent flexible tube and fixed to the front of the demonstration stand (2) by a buckle.

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