A self-restoring intelligent fuse

Abstract

A self-recovery intelligent fuse includes a fuse tube, a fuse body, an intelligent transmission module, a mounting bracket, a contact, a reset spring, a fuse top sheet, a sensor, and a resin block. The fuse body is divided into two pieces, and the front end of one piece of the fuse body is overlapped on the other piece of the fuse body to realize circuit conduction. The resin block is a temperature resin block. When a short circuit or an overload current occurs in a line, the overall temperature inside the tube body rises. When the temperature exceeds the critical value set by the resin block, the resin block expands in volume, presses the fuse top sheet upward, and makes the top sheet lift one piece of the fuse body, thereby cutting off the line power. When the fault is eliminated and the temperature of the fuse decreases, the fuse body is pressed on the other piece of the fuse body again under the action of the reset spring, so that the circuit path is restored to be powered on. In addition, the intelligent transmission module arranged at the top of the fuse tube can collect various functional parameters of the fuse under the working state in real time and transmit them to a background system, so as to realize remote monitoring of the working state of the fuse.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fuses, and in particular to a self-resetting intelligent fuse. Background Technology

[0002] A fuse is an electrical appliance that breaks the circuit by melting a fusible element when the current exceeds a specified value, i.e., when a short circuit or overload current occurs. The fuses commonly found on the market today have a fusible element installed (arranged) inside a fuse tube. In use, the fuse is connected in series with the circuit being protected. When an overload or short circuit current passes through the fusible element, the element heats up and melts, thus providing a certain degree of protection for power systems, various electrical equipment, and household appliances.

[0003] However, these fuses are single-use; once the fusible element blows, the fuse is rendered unusable. After the protected circuit or equipment experiences a short circuit or overload, the fault must be repaired and replaced with a new fuse. This process not only prolongs troubleshooting, maintenance, and fuse replacement time but also increases maintenance costs. Therefore, a self-resetting fuse is urgently needed as a replacement.

[0004] In addition, with the development and application of artificial intelligence technology in recent years, the intelligent development of fuse protection systems has become a market trend, and fuses with intelligent monitoring and diagnostic functions have become a hot market demand. However, the fuses commonly found on the market do not have this function. Generally, an auxiliary fuse element is installed inside the fuse. The auxiliary fuse element is connected to a micro switch installed outside the fuse tube through a micro spring and micro base set on the fuse tube. When the fuse blows due to overload or short circuit, the auxiliary fuse element also blows at the same time. At this time, the micro spring springs up, pushing the micro switch to act, causing the micro switch to lift the indicator device installed on the top of the switch, transmitting a signal that the fuse has been disconnected, so that inspection and maintenance personnel can find it in time. Alternatively, an ignition module is set in the fuse tube (arc chamber), and the fuse is connected in parallel with the conductive copper busbar. Under normal conditions, the current (according to different proportions) flows through the fuse element and the fuse contacts simultaneously. When a fault occurs, the system's central controller makes a judgment and sends an action signal to detonate the pre-installed explosive inside the fuse, which drives the firing pin to cut off the fuse's molten element, thereby inducing the parallel fuses to open and ultimately cutting off the fault current.

[0005] However, the two common methods mentioned above, or other settings, only issue an indication after the fuse has blown or transmit the fuse's operating status due to changes in external conditions. They cannot monitor the fuse's operating status in real time. This would prevent the central control system from accurately predicting and locating the fuse's health status and potential faults in the entire control system by collecting multi-dimensional parameters such as current, voltage, temperature, and pressure during the fuse's operation in real time, and using relevant big data analysis, machine learning algorithms, and other intelligent technologies. Furthermore, it could predict the remaining lifespan of the fuse element in advance and issue early warnings hours or even days before a fault occurs, allowing sufficient time for equipment (line) system maintenance personnel to perform maintenance and replacement, effectively reducing the risk of system failure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a self-recovering intelligent fuse that is simple in structure, has excellent performance, is easy to maintain and repair, is self-recovering, and can achieve remote and short-range monitoring and real-time acquisition of various functional parameters of the fuse under its working state. This fuse can be applied to the data acquisition, analysis, and monitoring of the operating status of low-voltage components in fields such as energy storage batteries and energy storage systems, nuclear power units, wind and solar power generation, rail transit, and integrated power protection for ships, as well as opto-mechatronics integration.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] 1. A self-resetting intelligent fuse, comprising a fuse tube, a fuse element, an intelligent transmission module, a mounting bracket, a contact, a return spring, a fuse element top plate, a sensor, and a resin block; characterized in that: the fuse element is composed of two pieces as a group, and during normal power-on use, one piece of the fuse element in this group overlaps and presses tightly onto the other piece of the fuse element under the action of the return spring, so that the circuit connection between the two pieces is made conductive; the resin block is a temperature-sensitive resin block, and its volume will expand when the temperature of the resin block exceeds a set critical value.

[0009] 2. An intelligent transmission module mounting platform is provided on the upper part of the melting tube near the center.

[0010] 3. The intelligent transmission module is equipped with a mounting base at the bottom and a wireless signal transmitting device at the top.

[0011] 4. One end of the mounting bracket is connected to the side of the intelligent transmission module, and the other end is connected to the contacts at both ends of the fuse tube. On the one hand, it serves to fix the intelligent transmission module, and on the other hand, it is used to collect and transmit relevant data and information of both ends of the fuse (inlet end and outlet end) and the surface of the fuse tube in the working state.

[0012] 5. The mounting base of the intelligent transmission module is hollow, and signal connection posts are provided inside.

[0013] 6. The resin block is placed at the lower end of the melt inside the melting tube, the melt top plate is placed between the resin block and the melt, and a limiting stage is provided between the melt top plate and the melt, with a certain gap between the limiting stage and the melt top plate.

[0014] 7. One end of the sensor passes through the mounting platform of the intelligent transmission module on the melt tube and is connected to the connecting post of the intelligent transmission module. The other end is equipped with a probe and is pressed against the surface of the right melt in a press-fit manner.

[0015] 8. The melt top plate is made of non-conductive engineering plastic, and a protrusion is provided in the middle part to lift the melt.

[0016] The significant feature of this utility model design is that the molten element is configured as two pieces, left and right. One piece has a return spring on its upper part. During normal use, due to the action of the return spring, the front part of the molten element at the lower end of the return spring is pressed tightly against the other molten element, ensuring full contact and thus conducting the circuit. When a short circuit or overload current occurs in the protected circuit (or equipment), the temperature of the resin block inside the molten tube rises due to the increase in the temperature of the molten element. When the temperature of the resin block exceeds the set critical value, its volume begins to expand. The spatial compression causes the top piece of the molten element to move upward, allowing the protrusion in the middle of the top piece to pass through the pre-reserved notch in the middle of the limiting platform and hit the molten element. The force on the molten element is transmitted to the return spring, which is compressed, disconnecting the connection between the two molten elements and thus cutting off the power supply to the circuit.

[0017] Once the cause of the circuit fault is found and eliminated, the temperature inside the fuse tube decreases, and the temperature of the resin block also decreases and returns to its original state. The force on the reset spring decreases or is eliminated, the spring springs up, compresses the lower fuse element to reset, and makes it contact another fuse element again, the circuit is connected, and the fuse can be used again without having to replace it with a new fuse in the line.

[0018] The intelligent transmission module, installed on the outside of the fuse tube, connects to sensors inside the fuse tube via wires. This allows for real-time collection of data regarding the fuse's internal operating status. The module's two ends are connected to the fuse's contacts via mounting brackets, enabling the collection of data on the input and output states of the protected circuit (equipment). After processing by the intelligent transmission module's central data processing system, data on internal and external current, voltage, and temperature rise are transmitted via wired connection to the central control room's backend system or wirelessly. This enables both remote and local monitoring. Furthermore, the module issues warning signals when abnormalities occur in the circuit or protected system (equipment) while the fuse is energized, prompting monitoring personnel to promptly diagnose and analyze the system, taking measures to prevent accidents or minimize their impact, thus effectively protecting system and personnel safety. Therefore, the self-resetting intelligent fuse of this invention can be applied to the data collection, analysis and monitoring of the operating status of low-voltage components in fields such as energy storage batteries and energy storage systems, wind and solar power generation, nuclear power units, rail transit, and integrated power protection for ships, as well as opto-mechatronics integration. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal components of the fuse of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fuse of this utility model.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Melting tube; 2. Left melt; 3. Right melt; 4. Intelligent transmission module; 5. Mounting bracket; 6. Contact; 7. Return spring; 8. Melting top plate; 9. Sensor; 10. Limiting stage; 11. Resin block; 91. Sensor probe; 101. Limiting stage notch; 41. Mounting platform.

[0022] The intelligent transmission module 4 has a mounting base (not shown in the figure) at its bottom. A signal connection post (not shown in the figure) is located inside the center of the mounting base and extends out of the mounting base. The upper part of the fuse tube 1 is equipped with a mounting platform 41 for the intelligent transmission module 4 near the center. The mounting base of the intelligent transmission module 4 is inserted into the mounting platform 41. The two sides of the intelligent transmission module 4 are connected to the mounting bracket 5. The other end of the mounting bracket 5 is connected to the contacts 6 at both ends of the fuse tube. This serves to fix the intelligent transmission module 4 and to collect and transmit relevant data and information from both ends of the fuse (incoming and outgoing ends) and the surface of the fuse tube 1 under working conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the internal structure of the resettable smart fuse of this utility model is divided into upper and lower parts by the limiting platform 10 set inside the fuse tube 1. The upper part: the left fuse body 2 and the right fuse body 3 are respectively installed on the left and right ends of the upper part of the limiting platform 10. One end of the two fuse bodies is connected to the contacts 6 at both ends of the fuse tube 1 by welding. The front end of the left fuse body 2 overlaps the upper part of the front end of the right fuse body 3. The upper part of the left fuse body 2 is equipped with a return spring 7. The lower end of the return spring 7 is pressed tightly against the surface of the left fuse body 2, and the upper end is installed on the mounting seat set on the upper part of the fuse tube 1 (not shown in the figure). The upper part of the right fuse body 3 is equipped with a sensor 9. The upper part of the sensor 9 is connected to the connecting post of the smart transmission module 4 installed on the outer end of the upper part of the fuse tube 1 by a wire passing through the smart transmission module mounting base 41 set in the middle of the upper part of the fuse tube 1. The lower part is equipped with a sensor probe 91, which directly presses against the surface of the right fuse body 3. Lower part: A limiting stage notch 101 is provided at the front end of the limiting stage 10 near the left melt 2. A melt top plate 8 is installed below the limiting stage 10, and a certain gap is left between the limiting stage 10 and the melt top plate 8. A resin block 11 is installed below the melt top plate 8.

[0025] As shown in the attached figure, the intelligent transmission module 4 consists of a data acquisition system, a data processing system, a data transmission system, an abnormal situation warning system, an interface system, and a signal transmitter, and transmits signals to the outside through the central data processing system.

[0026] In terms of working principle, since the fusible element is divided into left and right parts, and a reset spring 7 is provided on the upper part of the left fusible element 2, and a resin block 11 is provided on the lower part of the fusible tube 1 that expands in volume when the temperature rises and exceeds the set temperature threshold, when a short circuit or overload current occurs in the circuit, the temperature of the left fusible element 2 and the right fusible element 3 connected in series with the protected circuit (or equipment) will rise, which will then transmit and raise the temperature of the resin block 11. When the temperature of the resin block 11 exceeds the set threshold, the volume of the resin block 11 begins to expand, pushing up the upper fusible element top plate 8, reducing the gap between the fusible element top plate 8 and the limiting platform 10. At this time, the protrusion on the fusible element top plate 8 will pass through the limiting platform notch 101 provided on the limiting platform 10 and press against the front end of the left fusible element 2. The volume of the resin block 11 continues to expand, and the protrusion on the fusible element top plate 8 continues to push upward, which will compress the reset spring 7 on the upper part of the left fusible element 2, and the left fusible element 2 will be lifted up, breaking the connection with the right fusible element 3, thereby cutting off the power supply to the circuit.

[0027] When the cause of a short circuit or overload current in the line (or equipment) is found and eliminated, the temperature inside the fuse decreases, and the temperature of the resin block 11 inside the tube decreases and returns to its original state. The force on the reset spring 7 decreases or is eliminated, the spring springs up, compresses the lower left fuse 2 to reset, and makes it contact the other right fuse 3 again, the circuit is connected, and the fuse can be used again without having to replace it with a new fuse on the line.

[0028] By collecting various technical parameters of the fuse under operating conditions through the intelligent transmission module 4, and processing them through the central data processing system, the signals are transmitted to the back-end system in real time via wired and wireless means. This enables remote monitoring of the fuse's operating status and real-time collection of various functional parameters under operating conditions. Then, by using intelligent technologies such as data analysis and machine learning algorithms, the system can accurately predict and locate the fuse's own health status and potential faults in the entire control system, as well as predict the remaining lifespan of the fuse element in advance. Warnings can be issued several hours or even days before a fault occurs, allowing sufficient time for equipment (line) system maintenance personnel to maintain and replace components, effectively reducing the risk of system failure.

[0029] In this embodiment of the utility model, depending on the rated current it carries, the number of fusible elements arranged inside the fuse tube 1 can be one or more; the function of the limiting platform is mainly to prevent the temperature resin block 11 from expanding in volume and pushing the top plate of the fusible element upwards indefinitely, thereby damaging the left fusible element 2 and the right fusible element 3 of the installed arrangement, causing the fuse to be scrapped.

Claims

1. A self-resetting intelligent fuse, comprising a fuse tube, a fuse element, an intelligent transmission module, a mounting bracket, a contact, a return spring, a fuse element top plate, a sensor, and a resin block; characterized in that: The melt structure and arrangement consist of two pieces per group. During normal power-on use, one melt piece in the group overlaps and presses its front end onto the front end of the other melt piece under the action of the return spring, thus making the circuit connection between the two pieces conductive. The resin block is a temperature-sensitive resin block. When the temperature of the resin block exceeds the set critical value, its volume will expand.

2. The self-resetting smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: A smart transmission module mounting platform is installed on the upper part of the melting tube near the center.

3. The self-resetting smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent transmission module has a mounting base at the bottom and a wireless signal transmitter at the top.

4. The self-resetting smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the mounting bracket is connected to the side of the intelligent transmission module, and the other end is connected to the contacts at both ends of the fuse tube. On the one hand, it serves to fix the intelligent transmission module, and on the other hand, it is used to collect and transmit relevant data and information from both ends of the fuse and the surface of the fuse tube in the working state.

5. A self-resetting smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base of the intelligent transmission module is hollow, and signal connection posts are installed inside.

6. A self-resetting smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin block is placed at the lower end of the melt inside the melting tube, and the melt top plate is placed between the resin block and the melt. A limiting stage is provided between the melt top plate and the melt, and a certain gap is left between the limiting stage and the melt top plate.

7. A self-resetting smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the sensor passes through the mounting platform of the intelligent transmission module on the melt tube and is connected to the connecting post of the intelligent transmission module. The other end is equipped with a probe and is pressed against the surface of the right melt in a press-fit manner.

8. A self-resetting smart fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melt top plate is made of non-conductive engineering plastic, and a protrusion is provided in the middle part to lift the melt.

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