A heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model relates to battery cooling field provides a kind of heat dissipation equipment for all-vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system, comprising: positive electrode liquid storage tank, negative electrode liquid storage tank, first cooling cylinder, second cooling cylinder, all-vanadium redox flow battery stack, first cooler and second cooler, wherein, the liquid outlet of first cooling cylinder is connected with positive electrode liquid storage tank, liquid inlet is connected with all-vanadium redox flow battery stack, the liquid outlet of second cooling cylinder is connected with negative electrode liquid storage tank, liquid inlet is connected with all-vanadium redox flow battery stack, first cooler is connected with first cooling cylinder, and second cooler is connected with second cooling cylinder;Including the cooling liquid of liquid level height dynamic stabilization in first cooling cylinder and second cooling cylinder, the liquid level height of cooling liquid is lower than the cooling liquid inlet and cooling liquid outlet of first cooling cylinder and second cooling cylinder.The utility model has realized the efficient cooling of all-vanadium liquid cold battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery cooling technology, and in particular to a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] A vanadium redox flow battery is a redox battery in which the active material is in a circulating liquid state. It mainly consists of a stack, electrolyte, storage tank, circulation pump, and thermal management system. Inside the stack, an ion-exchange membrane isolates the positive and negative electrolytes, forming two reaction chambers. During operation, the circulation pump drives the electrolyte to circulate within its respective reaction chamber, where redox reactions occur near the electrodes, generating current through the bipolar plates connected to the external environment.

[0003] The optimal operating temperature range for vanadium redox flow batteries is 10°C to 35°C. Within this temperature range, the battery achieves the highest efficiency, greatest energy density, and longest lifespan. Below 5°C, the internal reaction rate decreases, reducing the battery's output power and energy density. Above 40°C, the liquid electrolyte inside the battery loses stability, leading to irreversible electrochemical reactions, reduced capacity and efficiency, and potentially causing thermal runaway and explosions. Therefore, proper temperature control is extremely important.

[0004] Currently, the common heat dissipation method for vanadium redox flow batteries is that the electrolyte flows in pipelines and dissipates heat through heat exchange with the coolant in the cooling tank. The cooled electrolyte is then transported to a water-cooled unit for further cooling. The water-cooled unit then delivers the coolant to the cooling tank via a delivery pipe, where it exchanges heat with the electrolyte before returning to the water-cooled unit, forming a coolant circulation. To meet corrosion resistance and durability requirements, the pipelines in vanadium redox flow battery energy storage systems are typically made of rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC). However, due to the low thermal conductivity of PVC pipelines, the heat exchange efficiency of this system is extremely low, making it difficult to meet the electrolyte's heat dissipation needs. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in related technologies. To this end, this invention provides a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system, enabling efficient heat dissipation of the vanadium redox flow battery without the need for external power.

[0006] This utility model provides a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system, comprising: a positive electrode storage tank, a negative electrode storage tank, a first cooling cylinder, a second cooling cylinder, a vanadium redox flow battery stack, a first cooler, and a second cooler. The outlet of the first cooling cylinder is connected to the positive electrode storage tank, and the inlet is connected to the vanadium redox flow battery stack. The outlet of the second cooling cylinder is connected to the negative electrode storage tank, and the inlet is connected to the vanadium redox flow battery stack. The first cooler is connected to the first cooling cylinder, and the second cooler is connected to the second cooling cylinder.

[0007] The first and second cooling cylinders contain coolant with a dynamically stable liquid level. The liquid level of the coolant is lower than the coolant inlet and outlet of the first cooling cylinder, and the liquid level of the coolant is lower than the coolant inlet and outlet of the second cooling cylinder.

[0008] According to the present invention, a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system is provided, wherein the phase change temperature of the coolant is 28℃~32℃.

[0009] According to the present invention, a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system is provided. The first cooling cylinder and the second cooling cylinder each include a shell, a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a coolant inlet, a coolant outlet, and a plurality of heat dissipation tubes. The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively installed at the lower part of both ends of the shell, and the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are respectively installed at the upper part of both ends of the shell. One end of the plurality of heat dissipation tubes is connected to the liquid inlet, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet.

[0010] According to the present invention, a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system is provided, wherein a one-way valve is installed on the coolant inlet.

[0011] According to the present invention, a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system is provided, wherein the liquid level of the coolant is higher than that of the heat dissipation tube.

[0012] According to the present invention, a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system is provided. The first cooler and the second cooler include a condenser and a storage tank. One end of the condenser is connected to the coolant outlet, the other end of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the storage tank, and the outlet of the storage tank is connected to the coolant inlet.

[0013] According to the present invention, a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system is provided, wherein the condenser is positioned higher than the storage tank.

[0014] According to the present invention, a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system is provided, wherein the storage tank contains coolant, and the level of the coolant is lower than the outlet of the storage tank.

[0015] According to the present invention, a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system is provided, wherein the first cooler is positioned higher than the first cooling cylinder, and the second cooler is positioned higher than the second cooling cylinder.

[0016] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0017] This invention provides a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system. By optimizing the traditional straight-through electrolyte pipe into multiple thin heat dissipation pipes, the heat exchange area between the electrolyte and coolant can be significantly increased, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the system. Simultaneously, a gas-liquid phase change coolant is used, which absorbs heat through the liquid-gas phase change, resulting in uniform and efficient cooling of the electrolyte. This ensures the vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system operates within a suitable temperature range, improving its efficiency, capacity, and lifespan. Furthermore, the coolant flows back to the cooling cylinder under its own gravity, reducing the power consumption of the cooler and improving system efficiency. Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system provided by this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second cooling cylinders of a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system provided by this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation tube of a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system provided by this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second coolers of a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system provided by this utility model.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 1. Positive electrode storage tank; 2. First cooling cylinder; 3. First cooler; 4. Vanadium redox flow battery stack; 5. Second cooling cylinder; 6. Second cooler; 7. Negative electrode storage tank; 8. First circulation pump; 9. Second circulation pump; 21. Outer casing; 22. Liquid inlet; 23. Liquid outlet; 24. Coolant inlet; 25. Coolant outlet; 26. Check valve; 27. Heat dissipation tube; 31. Condenser; 32. Storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this utility model, but cannot be used to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] In this embodiment of the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0029] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0030] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 4 Specific embodiments of this utility model are described below:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system. It includes a positive electrode storage tank 1, a negative electrode storage tank 7, a first cooling cylinder 2, a second cooling cylinder 5, a vanadium redox flow battery stack 4, a first cooler 3, and a second cooler 6. The outlet 23 of the first cooling cylinder 2 is connected to the positive electrode storage tank 1, and the inlet 22 is connected to the vanadium redox flow battery stack 4. The outlet 23 of the second cooling cylinder 5 is connected to the negative electrode storage tank 7, and the inlet 22 is connected to the vanadium redox flow battery stack 4. The first cooler 3 is connected to the first cooling cylinder 2, and the second cooler 6 is connected to the second cooling cylinder 5. This constitutes a heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system. In addition, the positive electrode storage tank 1 is connected to the vanadium redox flow battery stack 4 via the first circulation pump 8, and the negative electrode storage tank 7 is connected to the vanadium redox flow battery stack 4 via the second circulation pump 9. In this way, the electrolyte in the positive electrode storage tank 1 and the negative electrode storage tank 7 enters the vanadium redox flow battery stack 4 for reaction by the first circulation pump 8 and the second circulation pump 9, respectively. The electrolyte flowing out is cooled by the first cooling cylinder 2 and the second cooling cylinder 5, respectively, and flows back to the positive electrode storage tank 1 and the negative electrode storage tank 7, thereby completing the working cycle of the vanadium redox flow battery stack 4.

[0032] To effectively cool the electrolyte flowing from the vanadium redox flow battery stack 4, the first cooling cylinder 2 and the second cooling cylinder 5 include a shell 21, an inlet 22, an outlet 23, a coolant inlet 24, a coolant outlet 25, and multiple heat dissipation pipes 27. The inlet 22 and outlet 23 are respectively installed at the lower parts of both ends of the shell 21. One end of each heat dissipation pipe 27 is connected to the inlet 22, and the other end is connected to the outlet 23. The coolant inlet 24 and outlet 25 are respectively installed at the upper parts of both ends of the shell 21. In this way, the high-temperature electrolyte from the vanadium redox flow battery stack 4 can flow through the multiple heat dissipation pipes 27 to the outlet 23. The multiple heat dissipation pipes 27 effectively increase the contact area between the electrolyte and the coolant, thereby significantly improving the cooling effect. A schematic diagram of the structure of the first cooling cylinder 2 and the second cooling cylinder 5 is shown below. Figure 2 As shown in the diagram, the structure of the heat dissipation capillary tube 27 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0033] For cooling, the first cooling cylinder 2 and the second cooling cylinder 5 contain a coolant with a dynamically stable liquid level. The coolant level is higher than the highest point of the heat dissipation capillary 27 but lower than the height of the coolant inlet 24 and the coolant outlet 25. The phase change temperature of the coolant is 28°C to 32°C, set to 30°C in this embodiment. The coolant is a special electronic fluorinated liquid with a boiling point of 47.5°C, and its boiling point is adjusted to 30°C by adding additives. The boiling point can be changed by changing the amount of additives. When the coolant is heated to 30°C by the electrolyte, it will evaporate, effectively reducing the electrolyte temperature to a suitable range. The evaporated coolant vapor will exit from the coolant outlet 25 and reach the cooler. Here, to prevent coolant vapor from escaping from the coolant inlet 24, a one-way valve 26 is installed on the coolant inlet 24. The one-way valve 26 allows coolant to enter the outer casing 21, but coolant vapor cannot exit from the coolant inlet 24 and can only exit from the coolant outlet 25.

[0034] The first cooler 3 and the second cooler 6 each include a condenser 31 and a storage tank 32. One end of the condenser 31 is connected to the coolant outlet 25, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the storage tank 32. The outlet of the storage tank 32 is connected to the coolant inlet 24. The condenser 31 is positioned higher than the storage tank 32, the first cooler 3 is positioned higher than the first cooling cylinder 2, and the second cooler 6 is positioned higher than the second cooling cylinder 5. Coolant vapor exiting from the coolant outlet 25 enters the condenser 31, where water cooling lowers the temperature of the coolant vapor below its phase change temperature, causing it to condense into liquid. Because the condenser 31 is positioned higher than the storage tank 32, the condensed coolant falls into the storage tank 32. The storage tank 32 contains a certain amount of coolant, with the liquid level slightly lower than the outlet of the storage tank 32, ideally located at the lower edge of the outlet. The structures of the first cooler 3 and the second cooler 6 are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0035] When the coolant evaporates from the first cooling cylinder 2 and the second cooling cylinder 5, the coolant level drops, and the coolant vapor enters the condenser 31 and condenses before falling into the storage tank 32. Since the coolant level in the storage tank 32 is only slightly lower than its outlet, the condensed coolant entering causes the level to rise. Because the storage tank 32 is positioned higher, the excess coolant falls back into the first cooler 3 and the second cooler 6 through the coolant inlet 24 due to gravity, until the level returns to its original position. This ensures dynamic stability of the coolant level, preventing excessive or insufficient coolant levels. Furthermore, the entire system operates without external energy input except for condensation, thus saving energy typically generated by the vanadium-cooled battery and improving its efficiency.

[0036] This invention can significantly increase the heat exchange area between the electrolyte and the coolant, improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation equipment, reduce dependence on external energy sources, and improve the working efficiency of the all-vanadium liquid-cooled battery.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system, characterized in that, include: The battery comprises a positive electrode storage tank, a negative electrode storage tank, a first cooling cylinder, a second cooling cylinder, a vanadium redox flow battery stack, a first cooler, and a second cooler. The outlet of the first cooling cylinder is connected to the positive electrode storage tank, and the inlet is connected to the vanadium redox flow battery stack. The outlet of the second cooling cylinder is connected to the negative electrode storage tank, and the inlet is connected to the vanadium redox flow battery stack. The first cooler is connected to the first cooling cylinder, and the second cooler is connected to the second cooling cylinder. The first and second cooling cylinders contain coolant with a dynamically stable liquid level. The liquid level of the coolant is lower than the coolant inlet and outlet of the first cooling cylinder, and the liquid level of the coolant is lower than the coolant inlet and outlet of the second cooling cylinder.

2. The heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change temperature of the coolant is 28℃~32℃.

3. The heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first cooling cylinder and the second cooling cylinder include an outer shell, a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a coolant inlet, a coolant outlet, and a plurality of heat dissipation tubes. The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively installed at the lower parts of both ends of the outer shell, and the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are respectively installed at the upper parts of both ends of the outer shell. One end of the plurality of heat dissipation tubes is connected to the liquid inlet, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet.

4. A heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A one-way valve is installed on the coolant inlet.

5. A heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coolant level is higher than that of the heat dissipation tube.

6. A heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cooler and the second cooler include a condenser and a liquid storage tank, wherein one end of the condenser is connected to the coolant outlet, the other end of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the liquid storage tank, and the outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the coolant inlet.

7. A heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The condenser is positioned higher than the liquid storage tank.

8. A heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The storage tank contains coolant, and the level of the coolant is lower than the outlet of the storage tank.

9. A heat dissipation device for a vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cooler is positioned higher than the first cooling cylinder, and the second cooler is positioned higher than the second cooling cylinder.

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