A battery module

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of battery module structures, in particular to a battery module which comprises a battery assembly, a CCS assembly arranged on the battery assembly and a protection assembly; the battery assembly comprises a plurality of battery cells, the battery cells are provided with pressure relief holes; the CCS assembly comprises a support frame embeddedly arranged on the battery cells and a busbar; the support frame is provided with a plurality of communication hole positions used for matching the pressure relief holes, the communication hole positions are provided with annular protrusions facing the protection assembly; the busbar comprises a circuit board arranged on the support frame, the circuit board is provided with a gas exhaust opening communicated with the pressure relief holes; the pressure relief holes, the communication hole positions, the annular protrusions and the gas exhaust opening form a pressure relief channel, and the protection assembly is arranged on the pressure relief channel. The communication hole positions can continuously guide the high-temperature fluid, and the annular protrusions are used for blocking the high-temperature fluid, so that the high-temperature fluid is prevented from being sprayed on the CCS assembly to cause short circuit and heat spreading, and the safety and use stability of the battery module are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery module structure technology, and in particular to a battery module. Background Technology

[0002] A battery pack, also known as a battery module, is an energy storage device composed of multiple battery cells connected in series and parallel, and integrating key components such as a battery management system (BMS) and a thermal management system. It is widely used in automobiles, communications, and various electronic products.

[0003] The Cells Contact System (CCS) is a crucial component within a battery pack, used for collecting cell voltage and temperature data, and for enabling series and parallel connections between cells. As battery packs continue to upgrade towards integration, larger capacity, and lower cost, cells are also evolving towards larger capacity and lighter weight. While cell capacity is increasing, in practical use, if a cell experiences thermal runaway, it will release a large amount of energy. This released energy will be ejected outward through the explosion-proof valve, forming a large amount of high-temperature fluid. Conventional CCSs are closed structures; if this high-temperature fluid is ejected onto the CCS, it will cause the cell data collection to disconnect. Furthermore, the hot fluid can flow through the CCS to other cells, causing heat propagation and potentially triggering more cells to experience thermal runaway, increasing the risk and compromising safety. Therefore, as cell development progresses, CCSs also need to be iterated and developed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery module that improves upon the shortcomings of conventional CCS in related technologies, which easily leads to thermal propagation and thermal runaway, thereby enhancing the safety and stability of the battery module.

[0005] This application provides a battery module, including a battery assembly, a CCS assembly disposed on the battery assembly, and a protective assembly. The battery assembly includes a plurality of battery cells, each battery cell having a pressure relief hole. The CCS assembly includes a support frame and a busbar fitted onto the battery cells. The support frame has a plurality of connecting holes for engaging with the pressure relief holes, each connecting hole having an annular protrusion facing the protective assembly. The busbar includes a circuit board disposed on the support frame, the circuit board having a vent that communicates with the pressure relief holes. The pressure relief holes, the connecting holes, the annular protrusion, and the vent together form a pressure relief channel, and the protective assembly is disposed within the pressure relief channel.

[0006] Furthermore, the support frame has a recessed groove, and the busbar is fitted into the recessed groove; the height of the annular protrusion is higher than the height of the busbar.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting hole includes a lower hole and an upper hole that are interconnected; the pressure relief hole is fitted into the lower hole; and the annular protrusion is disposed in the upper hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the protective component includes a protective plate disposed on the CCS component, the protective plate having a plurality of through holes, each of which corresponds one-to-one with the pressure relief channel; a protective block is fitted into each through hole; the protective plate abuts against the annular protrusion.

[0009] Furthermore, the protective plate is a mica plate, an aerogel plate, or a heat-insulating foam plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the circuit board has connectors on both sides for connecting the battery cell. The connectors include a nickel sheet connected to the circuit board and an aluminum sheet electrically connected to the nickel sheet. The aluminum sheet is electrically connected to the battery cell.

[0011] Furthermore, the battery assembly includes at least two rows of cells arranged side by side; the CCS assembly and the protective assembly are mounted over the two rows of cells.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. A battery module according to this application, by improving the structure of the battery assembly and CCS assembly, when the battery assembly experiences thermal runaway, the cell ejects a large amount of high-temperature fluid. At this time, the high-temperature fluid will be ejected through the pressure relief hole of the cell, thereby limiting the ejection position and direction of the high-temperature fluid. The high-temperature fluid ejected from the pressure relief hole will pass through a connecting hole and a circular protrusion. The connecting hole guides the high-temperature fluid, while the circular protrusion blocks the high-temperature fluid, reducing the thermal spread caused by the high-temperature fluid flowing to the busbar during its ejection from the connecting hole. Guided by the connecting hole and the circular protrusion, the ejected high-temperature fluid is sprayed towards the protective assembly and then processed by the protective assembly. This design avoids high-temperature fluid spraying onto the CCS assembly, preventing short circuits and thermal spread, thus increasing the safety and stability of the battery module.

[0013] 2. A battery module according to this application includes a protective component comprising a protective plate and a protective block. The protective block is fitted into the protective plate and protects the battery components and CCS components during normal operation of the battery module, preventing external impurities from entering the pressure relief channel. When high-temperature fluid is ejected from the pressure relief channel, it first impacts the protective block fitted into the through hole. Under the pressure of the high-temperature fluid, the protective block disengages from the through hole, allowing the fluid to drain along the through hole to the surface of the protective plate. Because the protective plate is made of high-temperature resistant material, the heat of the high-temperature fluid is blocked after it falls onto the protective plate, preventing it from being transferred to the CCS components or adjacent cells, thus increasing the safety and stability of the battery module. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery assembly structure in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the CCS component in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the CCS component and the protection component in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the support frame in an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Battery assembly; 11. Cell; 111. Pressure relief hole; 2. CCS assembly; 21. Support frame; 211. Connecting hole; 2111. Lower hole; 2112. Upper hole; 212. Circular protrusion; 213. Recessed groove; 22. Busbar; 221. Circuit board; 2211. Vent; 222. Connector; 2221. Nickel sheet; 2222. Aluminum sheet; 3. Protective assembly; 31. Protective plate; 311. Through hole; 32. Protective block. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0017] It should be noted that although functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3This application provides a battery module including a battery assembly 1, a CCS component 2 disposed on the battery assembly 1, and a protective component 3. The CCS component and the protective component 3 are disposed above the battery assembly 1. When the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the CCS component and the protective component 3 will guide and block the high-temperature fluid ejected from the battery module, preventing the high-temperature fluid from flowing into the CCS component, thereby increasing the safety and stability of the battery module.

[0020] Specifically, the battery assembly 1 includes several battery cells 11. Each battery cell 11 is provided with a pressure relief hole 111. The pressure relief hole 111 refers to a directional opening made on the housing of the battery cell 11, which can be implemented as a circular or elliptical channel. It is used to control the initial direction of fluid ejection in the event of thermal runaway. An explosion-proof valve is provided on the pressure relief hole 111 to further increase the safety of the battery cell 11. The housing of the battery cell 11 with the pressure relief hole 111 and the explosion-proof valve is prior art and can be purchased, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0021] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 The CCS assembly 2 includes a support frame 21 and a busbar 22 that are fitted and mounted on the battery cell 11. The support frame 21 has several connecting holes 211 for accommodating pressure relief holes 111. Each connecting hole 211 has an annular protrusion 212 facing the protective assembly 3. Specifically, the connecting hole 211 is a through hole on the support frame 21 corresponding to the pressure relief hole 111, used to connect the pressure relief hole 111 and form a guide path. In this embodiment, the connecting hole 211 includes a lower hole 2111 and an upper hole 2112 that are interconnected. The pressure relief hole 111 is fitted and mounted on the lower hole 2111. The lower hole 2111 can specifically adopt a hole shape structure with a diameter adapted to the pressure relief hole 111. The lower hole 2111 is connected to the pressure relief hole 111 of the battery cell 11 by an interference fit. By setting the lower hole position 2111, when the CCS component 2 needs to be installed, simply align the lower hole position 2111 of the support frame 21 with the pressure relief hole 111 and insert it. This allows for quick positioning of the support frame 21, ensuring the installation efficiency and accuracy of the support frame 21 and the busbar 22. At the same time, it also allows the pressure relief hole 111 to automatically align with the lower hole position 2111.

[0022] The upper orifice 2112 is a channel extension located above the lower orifice 2111. When high-temperature fluid is injected into the lower orifice 2111, it will move to the upper orifice 2112. The lower orifice 2111 and the upper orifice 2112 limit the lateral diffusion of the high-temperature fluid in the initial stage, preventing it from flowing into the interior of the support frame 21. The annular protrusion 212 is located at the upper orifice 2112. The annular protrusion 212 is an annular boss located along the edge of the connecting orifice 211 and can be achieved by injection molding. When the high-temperature fluid passes through, it forms an annular barrier layer, thereby preventing the high-temperature fluid from spreading to the manifold 22.

[0023] The busbar 22 includes a circuit board 221 mounted on the support frame 21. The circuit board 221 has a vent 2211 that communicates with the pressure relief hole 111. The pressure relief hole 111, the communicating hole 211, the annular protrusion 212, and the vent 2211 together form a pressure relief channel, and the protective component 3 is disposed in the pressure relief channel. Specifically, the vent 2211 refers to the airflow channel opened on the circuit board 221. In this embodiment, the vent 2211 cooperates with the annular protrusion 212, and the vent 2211 is fitted into the annular protrusion 212 so that the circuit board 221 is fitted into the support frame 21. Furthermore, to ensure the blocking effect of the annular protrusion 212, the support frame 21 has a recessed groove 213. The recessed groove 213 is adapted to the shape of the busbar 22, and the busbar 22 is fitted into the recessed groove 213. When the busbar 22 is installed in the support frame 21, the height of the annular protrusion 212 will be higher than the height of the busbar 22. This installation method facilitates the installation and positioning of the busbar 22. On the other hand, when the busbar 22 is installed in the support frame 21, the height of the upper surface of the busbar 22 will be lower than the height of the annular protrusion 212. This ensures that when the high-temperature fluid passes through the annular protrusion 212, the annular protrusion 212 can effectively form an annular blocking layer. An isolation space is formed between the annular protrusion 212 and the circuit board 221, preventing the high-temperature fluid from diffusing into the busbar 22 area.

[0024] To connect with the battery assembly 1, the circuit board 221 has connectors 222 on both sides for connecting the battery cells 11. Each connector 222 includes a nickel strip 2221 connected to the circuit board 221 and an aluminum strip 2222 electrically connected to the nickel strip 2221. The aluminum strip 2222 is electrically connected to the battery cell 11. The nickel strip 2221 possesses high-temperature stability and welding reliability, maintaining the connection between the circuit board 221 and the aluminum strip 2222 even under high-temperature conditions. The aluminum strip 2222 has good ductility, adapting to certain deformation stresses generated by the battery cell 11 during operation or thermal runaway. By using the nickel strip 2221 and the aluminum strip 2222, the connector 222 establishes a stable electrical connection between the circuit board 221 and the battery cell 11, ensuring the stability of the battery module during operation.

[0025] The protective component 3 includes a protective plate 31 disposed on the CCS component 2. The protective plate 31 has several through holes 311, each corresponding to a pressure relief channel. Protective blocks 32 are fitted into the through holes 311. Specifically, the protective plate 31 is a high-temperature resistant barrier layer covering the surface of the CCS component 2. The protective plate 31 can be a mica board, aerogel board, or thermal insulation foam board. The protective plate 31 can be fixed to the CCS component 2 by adhesive bonding or threaded connection. The protective plate 31 is installed above the manifold 22, with its lower surface abutting against the upper surface of the annular protrusion 212. The through holes 311 are through holes penetrating the protective plate 31, which can be circular or square, and their function is to provide a directional discharge path for high-temperature fluids.

[0026] The protective block 32 is a detachable barrier component embedded in the through hole 311. It can be made of fire-resistant and heat-insulating foam, graphite sheets, or ceramic fiber materials. Its function is to seal the through hole 311 under normal conditions, preventing external impurities from entering the manifold 22 and affecting it; however, in the event of thermal runaway, it is forced open by the impact of the high-temperature fluid to release pressure. Specifically, when the high-temperature fluid is ejected from the pressure relief channel, it impacts the protective block 32 embedded in the through hole 311. Under the pressure of the high-temperature fluid, the protective block 32 detaches from the through hole 311, allowing the fluid to discharge along the through hole 311 to the surface of the protective plate 31. Because the protective plate 31 is made of a high-temperature resistant material, the heat of the high-temperature fluid is blocked upon contact with the protective plate 31, preventing the high-temperature fluid from flowing to the manifold 22.

[0027] To ensure the density of the battery cells 11, the battery assembly 1 includes at least two rows of battery cells 11 arranged side by side; the CCS module 2 and the protective module 3 are installed over the two rows of battery cells 11. This arrangement ensures that the area of ​​the battery assembly 1 covered by a single CCS module 2 and the protective module 3 is sufficient, thus adapting to high-density, high-energy battery assembly 1.

[0028] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure have been specifically shown and described above. It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the detailed structures, arrangements, or implementations described herein; rather, this disclosure is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements contained within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, The system includes a battery assembly (1), a CCS assembly (2) disposed on the battery assembly (1), and a protective assembly (3); the battery assembly (1) includes a plurality of battery cells (11), each battery cell (11) having a pressure relief hole (111); the CCS assembly (2) includes a support frame (21) fitted and mounted on the battery cells (11) and a busbar (22); the support frame (21) has a plurality of connecting holes (211) for cooperating with the pressure relief holes (111), the connecting holes (211) The busbar (22) is provided with an annular protrusion (212) facing the protective component (3); the busbar (22) includes a circuit board (221) disposed on the support frame (21), the circuit board (221) having a vent (2211) communicating with the pressure relief hole (111); the pressure relief hole (111), the communicating hole (211), the annular protrusion (212) and the vent (2211) surround to form a pressure relief channel, and the protective component (3) is disposed in the pressure relief channel.

2. A battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (21) has a recessed groove (213), and the busbar (22) is fitted into the recessed groove (213); the height of the annular protrusion (212) is higher than the height of the busbar (22).

3. A battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting hole (211) includes a lower hole (2111) and an upper hole (2112) that are interconnected; the pressure relief hole (111) is fitted into the lower hole (2111); the annular protrusion (212) is provided in the upper hole (2112).

4. A battery module according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The protective component (3) includes a protective plate (31) disposed on the CCS component (2). The protective plate (31) has a plurality of through holes (311), and the plurality of through holes (311) correspond one-to-one with the pressure relief channel. A protective block (32) is fitted into the through hole (311). The protective plate (31) abuts against the annular protrusion (212).

5. A battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protective plate (31) is a mica plate, aerogel plate, or thermal insulation foam plate.

6. A battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit board (221) has connectors (222) on both sides for connecting the battery cell (11). The connector (222) includes a nickel sheet (2221) connected to the circuit board (221) and an aluminum sheet (2222) electrically connected to the nickel sheet (2221). The aluminum sheet (2222) is electrically connected to the battery cell (11).

7. A battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery assembly (1) includes at least two rows of cells (11) arranged side by side; the CCS assembly (2) and the protective assembly (3) are installed over the two rows of cells (11).

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