A breathable balance valve with fire-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof and water-vapor-proof functions

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of breathable balance valve with fire-retardant fire extinguishing explosion-proof and waterproof water vapor-proof function, belong to breathable balance technical field, including valve body, along the central axis direction of valve body, the first end of valve body is used to be connected with valve cover, the second end of valve body is provided with fire-retardant fire extinguishing part;And gap is arranged between fire-retardant fire extinguishing part and valve body and / or exhaust passage is arranged on fire-retardant fire extinguishing part, to realize the intercommunication with the air outlet passage on valve body, when battery pack thermal runaway causes fire phenomenon, fire-retardant fire extinguishing part is contacted with flame and triggers fire extinguishing agent to realize the extinguishing of flame;Advantage is in the discharge process of flame, fire-retardant fire extinguishing part can absorb heat and release coolant in the instant of contacting flame, inhibit combustion reaction, to realize the purpose of quickly extinguishing flame. Even in extreme circumstances, flame cannot be completely eliminated, due to the existence of fire-retardant fire extinguishing part, flame and ambient air contact area is greatly reduced, oxygen supply is limited, which also helps to reduce flame temperature, slow down combustion speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of breathable balance valves, and in particular relates to a breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and water-vapor-proof functions. Background Technology

[0002] Explosion-proof, waterproof, and breathable bidirectional balance valves are crucial components in automotive, aviation, power, marine, and new energy power battery packs. They balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery pack and its casing, ensuring that under normal operating conditions, changes in the external environment (such as temperature and altitude variations) do not cause the sealed casing to bulge or cave in due to pressure differences exceeding its tolerance, thus preventing malfunctions within the entire casing and battery pack system. Furthermore, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, causing a rapid increase in internal pressure, the explosion-proof valve's vent allows for rapid and directional release of internal gas, preventing the battery pack from exploding.

[0003] In existing technologies, such as patent CN 222526935 U, a sealing mechanism, a pressure relief valve, and a power device are disclosed for the valve body to achieve pressure balance inside the battery. However, in the aforementioned patent, the valve body is only equipped with a water-blocking and breathable membrane to prevent external water droplets from entering the battery pack. Since the diameter of water vapor is much smaller than that of liquefied water, the waterproof and breathable membrane cannot effectively filter out water vapor, which will enter the battery pack. Over time, this accumulation can corrode electrical components, leading to a series of safety hazards such as short circuits and sensor malfunctions. Furthermore, when the battery pack experiences thermal runaway and the internal pressure rises rapidly, opening the explosion-proof valve vent can quickly and directionally release internal gas, which may cause a flame, endangering nearby vehicles or other materials from ignition. These are the two major drawbacks of the balance valve currently in use. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing a breathable balance valve that adds flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, and explosion-proof functions as well as water vapor protection.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions, comprising: a valve body, with a first end of the valve body connected to a valve cover along the central axis of the valve body, and a flame-retardant fire-extinguishing part provided at the second end of the valve body; and a gap is provided between the flame-retardant fire-extinguishing part and the valve body and / or an exhaust channel is provided on the flame-retardant fire-extinguishing part to achieve communication with the exhaust channel on the valve body. When the battery pack thermal runaway causes a flame phenomenon, the flame-retardant fire-extinguishing part comes into contact with the flame and triggers the extinguishing agent to extinguish the flame.

[0006] Preferably, the flame-retardant extinguishing section includes flame-retardant extinguishing blocks arranged in a ring around the central axis of the valve body, and the flame-retardant extinguishing blocks are polygonal in shape, with gaps between adjacent flame-retardant extinguishing blocks forming an exhaust channel.

[0007] As a preferred option, the flame-retardant fire extinguishing block is a square column.

[0008] Preferably, the raw materials for the flame-retardant extinguishing unit include microcapsules or microcapsule silica blocks containing perfluorohexanone.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the flame-retardant extinguishing section near the valve body is fixedly provided with a high-temperature fire-resistant layer made of ceramic fiber.

[0010] Preferably, the ends of multiple flame-retardant extinguishing blocks are integrally arranged to form a housing cavity; an outer cover is fixedly installed on the valve body, and the housing cavity is fixedly connected to the outer cover.

[0011] Preferably, one of the housing and the outer cover is provided with a fixing ring, and the other is provided with a corresponding fixing groove; when the housing is fitted onto the outer cover, the fixing ring and the fixing groove form a snap-fit ​​engagement.

[0012] Preferably, the number of retaining rings along the central axis of the valve body is at least two.

[0013] Preferably, an outer cover is fixedly installed on the valve body, and multiple mounting rods are distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the outer cover. The flame-retardant extinguishing part includes flame-retardant extinguishing blocks fixedly installed on the corresponding mounting rods.

[0014] Preferably, the flame-retardant extinguishing unit includes a housing, an extinguishing agent disposed within the housing, and a triggering mechanism for sensing a fire and triggering the release of the extinguishing agent; the triggering mechanism includes a ignition element surrounding the inner side of the housing, with the other end of the ignition element extending outside the housing; when an external open flame ignites the ignition element, the flame burns along the ignition element, causing all the extinguishing agent to be released.

[0015] Preferably, the extinguishing agent is a water-based extinguishing agent, and the outer shell is made of a thermoplastic material with a melting point lower than the combustion temperature of the ignition element; or the extinguishing agent is a microcapsule made of perfluorohexanone.

[0016] Preferably, the ignition element is arranged in a spiral shape inside the housing.

[0017] Preferably, a valve cover is provided on the valve body, and an installation cavity is provided inside the valve cover;

[0018] A waterproof and breathable layer is installed inside the mounting cavity;

[0019] A water vapor filtration and adsorption layer is also installed in the installation cavity, and the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer are distributed along the central axis of the valve cover.

[0020] Along the radial direction of the valve cover, the edges of the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filter and adsorption layer are sealed to the cavity wall of the mounting cavity.

[0021] Preferably, the sides of the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer are interference-fitted with the cavity wall of the mounting cavity.

[0022] Preferably, the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer can be separated or fixedly bonded together.

[0023] As a preferred option, the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer is positioned closer to the valve body than the waterproof and breathable layer, allowing external water vapor to pass sequentially through the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer before entering the valve body.

[0024] Preferably, the waterproof and breathable layer includes a waterproof and breathable membrane.

[0025] Preferably, the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer includes a filter cup, and the filter cup is provided with water vapor filtration and adsorption material.

[0026] Preferably, the water vapor filtration and adsorption material includes one or more of the following: synthetic aluminosilicate molecular sieves, adsorbent silica gel particles, activated alumina, and mineral desiccants.

[0027] Preferably, a filter layer is provided at the end of the filter cup near the valve body along the central axis of the valve cover.

[0028] Preferably, the water vapor filtration adsorption layer has an irregular microporous breathable structure, and the material of the water vapor filtration adsorption layer is selected from one or more of the following: synthetic aluminosilicate molecular sieves, adsorbed silica gel particles, activated alumina, and mineral desiccants.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, an isolation layer is also fixedly provided at the lower end of the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer.

[0030] Preferably, the material of the isolation layer is a composite hydrophobic nonwoven fabric or a breathable fabric.

[0031] Preferably, the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer includes a water-absorbing microporous filter sheet.

[0032] Preferably, a guide post is fixedly connected to the valve cover, and a vent is fixedly installed on the guide post. The vent includes a vent cavity with an opening at one end to communicate with the guide post, and a through vent hole is provided on the bottom wall of the guide post along the central axis.

[0033] The first one-way ventilation section is located inside the ventilation chamber and is situated on the flow path of the air outlet. The air outlet is only opened when air is being released.

[0034] The second one-way ventilation section is disposed on the side of the ventilation cavity. The second one-way ventilation section can change its position relative to the ventilation component to switch between the open position and the closed position. When the second one-way ventilation section is in the closed position, the second one-way ventilation section has a pre-tightening force in the direction of the ventilation component. When the second one-way ventilation section is in the open position, an air intake channel communicating with the ventilation cavity is formed between the outer wall of the ventilation component and the second one-way ventilation section.

[0035] When the ventilation component is inhaled, the intake air pressure pushes the first one-way ventilation section to change its position relative to the ventilation component, thereby opening the air inlet and realizing air intake.

[0036] When the ventilation component releases air, the air pressure pushes open the first one-way ventilation section through the air outlet to open the air outlet, and the air flows out through the ventilation chamber and out of the opening.

[0037] Preferably, the venting component and the guide column are either detachably fixedly connected or integrated.

[0038] Preferably, the side wall of the ventilation chamber is provided with multiple through air inlets at intervals in a ring, and the wall of the ventilation chamber is also provided with air outlets that communicate with the ventilation chamber.

[0039] The second one-way vent includes an elastic strip that conforms to the outer wall surface of the vent and covers the air inlet. The elastic strip is in a stretched state to provide a clamping force.

[0040] When air enters the ventilation component, the air pressure pushes the elastic strip to deform elastically and open the air inlet to achieve air intake.

[0041] When the ventilation component releases air, the air pressure pushes open the first one-way ventilation section through the air outlet to open the air outlet, and the air flows out through the ventilation chamber and out of the opening.

[0042] Preferably, the outer wall of the vent is provided with a circumferentially extending limiting groove, and the elastic strip is disposed in the limiting groove.

[0043] Preferably, the first one-way ventilation section and the second one-way ventilation section are fixedly connected. The second one-way ventilation section includes a one-way ventilation ring attached to the outer wall of the ventilation component. The one-way ventilation ring is made of a deformable elastic material and can change position relative to the ventilation component to achieve switching between an open position and a closed position. When the one-way ventilation ring is in the open position, an air intake channel communicating with the ventilation cavity is formed between the outer wall of the ventilation component and the one-way ventilation ring.

[0044] Preferably, there is a gap between the end face of the first one-way ventilation section and the ventilation component to form an air intake chamber that is connected to the ventilation cavity. When the one-way ventilation ring is in the open position, the air intake channel is connected to the air intake chamber.

[0045] Preferably, an abutting protrusion is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the one-way vent ring or the outer wall of the venting component. When the one-way vent ring is fitted onto the guide post, the abutting protrusion abuts against the outer wall of the venting component or the one-way vent ring.

[0046] Preferably, the first one-way ventilation section is integrated with the one-way ventilation ring.

[0047] Preferably, along the central axis of the vent, an air guide ring is also fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the vent. The inner ring wall of the air guide ring and the outer side wall of the vent form an air guide channel with an opening at one end, and the one-way vent ring is installed in the air guide channel.

[0048] Preferably, a limiting plate is fixedly provided at the end of the ventilator along the central axis direction. The limiting plate is provided with a vent hole. The limiting plate can abut against the first one-way ventilator to prevent the one-way ventilator ring from disengaging from the ventilator.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0050] (1) When the venting balance valve is fixed to the battery pack, the flame-retardant extinguishing unit is located closer to the inside of the battery pack. When high-temperature gas and flames are generated inside the battery pack due to thermal runaway, the flames will be quickly discharged through the venting channel on the valve body along with the high-temperature gas inside. During the discharge of the flames, the flame-retardant extinguishing unit can absorb heat, isolate oxygen and release extinguishing agent at the moment of contact with the flames, inhibit the combustion reaction, reduce the pressure inside the battery pack, and quickly close the venting channel, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly extinguishing the flames. Even if the flames cannot be completely extinguished in extreme cases, due to the presence of the flame-retardant extinguishing unit, the contact area between the flames and the outside air is greatly reduced, and the oxygen supply is limited. This also helps to reduce the flame temperature, slow down the combustion time and speed, and ultimately limit the further spread of the fire.

[0051] (2) The ring-shaped flame-retardant extinguishing block structure makes the exhaust channel evenly distributed along the circumference, which can effectively guide the high-temperature gas and flame generated by thermal runaway inside the battery pack to be discharged smoothly. The gap between the multi-faceted flame-retardant extinguishing blocks not only serves as an exhaust channel, but also allows the flame to be dispersed and fully contact the surface of each flame-retardant extinguishing block when it passes through, which significantly increases the contact area and action time between the flame-retardant extinguishing material and the flame, and helps to quickly absorb heat, cool down and inhibit the combustion reaction.

[0052] (3) When a high-temperature flame is generated inside the battery pack, the gas expands rapidly, causing the internal pressure of the battery pack to rise sharply. This pressure acts on the valve cover through the venting channel on the valve body, pushing the valve cover to move axially relative to the valve body, forming a larger pressure relief opening, and compressing the elastic structure (such as a spring) on ​​the valve body. During this process, the high-temperature gas and hot air can be quickly discharged through the enlarged pressure relief opening, achieving efficient pressure relief and heat release. Since the high-temperature fire-resistant layer is located at the front end of the flame propagation path, its dense structure and high fire resistance can effectively prevent the flame itself from being ejected through the exhaust channel. Therefore, although a pressure relief opening is formed between the valve cover and the valve body for rapid exhaust, the flame is still confined inside the valve body or the flame-retardant structure and cannot be ejected outward, thus achieving rapid pressure relief while avoiding the risk of external fire or ignition of surrounding components;

[0053] (4) Current lithium batteries require an outlet pressure of 1 ± 0.8 kPa and an inlet pressure of 3 ± 1 kPa. When there is a large pressure difference between the inside and outside, this pressure difference becomes a "driving force," prompting more water vapor to attempt to pass through any available path (even those small holes originally designed for ventilation). As the pressure increases, the rate at which water vapor permeates the material also increases, increasing the possibility of water vapor infiltration. To address this, this application adds a multi-layer water vapor filtration and adsorption structure layer. This structure layer can effectively adsorb water vapor molecules, further enhancing the water vapor barrier capability on the basis of existing waterproof and breathable membranes, reducing the amount of water vapor entering the battery pack, thereby better ensuring the dryness and safety of the battery system.

[0054] (5) Based on the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, and because the outflow volume is greater than the inflow volume, when hot air is generated inside the battery pack due to charging and discharging, this hot air is quickly discharged through the venting balance valve. When the hot air passes through the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filter adsorption layer, it uses its heat to evaporate the moisture already adsorbed in the water absorption filter (such as the water vapor filter adsorption material), thus achieving self-drying of the material. This self-drying mechanism allows the water absorption filter to automatically restore its adsorption capacity without relying on external equipment, extending its service life and reducing maintenance requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1;

[0056] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the middle;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the outer casing and the flame-retardant extinguishing section;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flame-retardant fire extinguishing section after adding a high-temperature fire-resistant layer;

[0059] Figure 5 This is one of the schematic diagrams of other structures of the flame-retardant fire extinguishing unit;

[0060] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of other structures of the flame-retardant fire extinguishing unit;

[0061] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of Embodiment 2;

[0062] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of Example 3;

[0063] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of another embodiment of Example 3;

[0064] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Example 4;

[0065] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the middle;

[0066] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of Example 5;

[0067] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 Structural analysis of the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer;

[0068] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of Example 6;

[0069] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation component in Embodiment 7;

[0070] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0071] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic strip structure;

[0072] Figure 18 yes Figure 12 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle;

[0073] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation component in Example 8;

[0074] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed connection between the valve and the one-way ventilation ring;

[0075] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the ventilation component;

[0076] Figure 22 yes Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0077] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram showing the valve and one-way ventilation ring integrated together.

[0078] In the diagram, 100 is the valve cover; 101 is the mounting cavity; 102 is the waterproof and breathable membrane; 103 is the water-absorbing microporous filter; 104 is the filter cup; 105 is the filter layer; 106 is the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer; 107 is the isolation layer; 108 is the guide post; 200 is the venting component; 201 is the venting cavity; 202 is the air inlet; 203 is the air outlet; 204 is the limiting groove; 300 is the diaphragm; 301 is the connecting rod; 302 is the anti-detachment part; 303 is the anti-detachment rod; 400 is the elastic strip; 5 is the venting component. 01. Air guide ring; 502. Limiting plate; 503. Vent hole; 600. Valve; 700. One-way vent ring; 701. Abutting protrusion ring; 800. Flame-retardant extinguishing section; 801. Flame-retardant extinguishing block; 802. Housing cavity; 803. Outer cover; 804. High-temperature fire-resistant layer; 805. Fixing ring; 806. Fixing groove; 807. Mounting rod; 808. Through hole; 809. Cover plate; 810. Housing; 811. Extinguishing agent; 812. Combustion fuse; 900. Valve body. Detailed Implementation

[0079] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0080] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0081] Example 1, as Figures 1-6 As shown, a breathable balance valve with flame-retardant fire extinguishing, waterproof, and water-vapor-resistant functions includes:

[0082] The valve body 900 has a first end connected to the valve cover 100 along its central axis, and a flame-retardant extinguishing part 800 is provided at the second end of the valve body 900. A gap is provided between the flame-retardant extinguishing part 800 and the valve body 900, and / or an exhaust channel is provided on the flame-retardant extinguishing part 800 to achieve communication with the exhaust channel on the valve body 900. When the battery pack experiences thermal runaway and causes a flame, the flame-retardant extinguishing part 800 comes into contact with the flame to extinguish it.

[0083] When the venting balance valve is fixed to the battery pack, the flame-retardant extinguishing unit 800 is positioned closer to the interior of the battery pack. When high-temperature gas and flames are generated inside the battery pack due to thermal runaway, the flames are rapidly expelled along with the high-temperature gas through the venting channel on the valve body 900. During the flame expulsion process, the flame-retardant extinguishing unit 800 absorbs heat, isolates oxygen, and releases extinguishing agent upon contact with the flame, inhibiting the combustion reaction, reducing the pressure inside the battery pack, and quickly closing the venting channel, thereby achieving the purpose of rapidly extinguishing the flame. Even in extreme cases where the flame cannot be completely extinguished, the presence of the flame-retardant extinguishing unit 800 greatly reduces the contact area between the flame and the outside air, limiting the oxygen supply. This also helps to reduce the flame temperature, slow down the combustion time and speed, and ultimately limit the further spread of the fire.

[0084] Specifically, the flame-retardant extinguishing section 800 includes flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801 arranged in a ring around the central axis of the valve body 900, with gaps between adjacent flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801 forming an exhaust channel. The number and shape of the flame-retardant extinguishing section 800 can be set as needed; here, gear-shaped or petal-shaped structures are given as examples.

[0085] The annular distribution of flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801 ensures that the exhaust channels are evenly distributed circumferentially, effectively guiding the high-temperature gas and flame generated by thermal runaway inside the battery pack to be discharged smoothly. The gaps between multiple flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801 not only serve as exhaust channels, but also disperse the flame as it passes through, allowing it to fully contact the surface of each flame-retardant extinguishing block 801. This significantly increases the contact area and contact time between the flame-retardant material and the flame, helping to quickly absorb heat, cool down, and inhibit the combustion reaction.

[0086] It should be noted that the raw materials for the flame-retardant extinguishing section 800 are microcapsule fire extinguishing technology products included in the 2025 National Fire Protection Product Catalog. More preferably, they are microcapsules containing perfluorohexanone, microcapsule silica gel blocks, or fire extinguishing bombs composed of microcapsule fire extinguishing technology.

[0087] Further preferably, the flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801 are shaped like square columns or other polygons. The adjacent faces of a square column structure are more likely to be parallel and fit together or maintain a uniform spacing, resulting in a more even and stable distribution of the exhaust channel formed by multiple flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801. Within the limited space of the valve body 900, the square column structure has a higher space utilization rate than a cylindrical structure, allowing for the placement of more extinguishing agent or an increase in the number of flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801 within the same volume, thereby enhancing the overall flame-retardant extinguishing capability.

[0088] like Figure 4As shown, in a further preferred embodiment, a high-temperature fire-resistant layer 804 is fixedly provided at the end of the flame-retardant extinguishing section 800 near the valve body 900. The high-temperature fire-resistant layer 804 is made of materials such as ceramic fiber and can withstand long-term burning at high temperatures of 1450-2000 degrees Celsius.

[0089] By incorporating a high-temperature refractory layer of 804, an obstacle is added to the flame's propagation path, forcing the flame to traverse a longer and more complex route. This reduces the flame's energy and propagation speed, effectively "delaying combustion" or even "preventing combustion." Even if the extinguishing agent is exhausted and the flame cannot be completely extinguished, the presence of the high-temperature refractory layer of 804 allows it to resist flame burning for a considerable period and prevents it from burning through in a short time.

[0090] Furthermore, when a high-temperature flame is generated inside the battery pack, the rapid expansion of the gas causes a sharp increase in the internal pressure of the battery pack. This pressure acts on the valve cover 100 through the venting channel on the valve body 900, pushing the valve cover 100 to move axially relative to the valve body 900, forming a larger pressure relief opening. The elastic structure (such as a spring) on ​​the valve body 900 is compressed. During this process, the high-temperature gas and hot air can be quickly discharged through the enlarged pressure relief opening, achieving efficient pressure relief and heat release. Since the high-temperature fire-resistant layer 804 is located at the front end of the flame propagation path, its dense structure and high fire resistance can effectively prevent the flame itself from being ejected through the exhaust channel. Therefore, although a pressure relief opening is formed between the valve cover 100 and the valve body 900 for rapid exhaust, the flame is still confined inside the valve body 900 or within the flame-retardant structure, and cannot be ejected outwards. This achieves rapid pressure relief while avoiding the risk of external fire or ignition of surrounding components.

[0091] Further defined, the ends of multiple flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801 are integrally arranged to form a housing cavity 802; an outer cover 803 is fixedly installed on the valve body 900, the housing cavity 802 is fixedly connected to the outer cover 803, and a fixing ring 805 is provided on one of the housing cavity 802 and the outer cover 803, and a fixing groove 806 is correspondingly opened on the other; when the housing cavity 802 is fitted onto the outer cover 803, the fixing ring 805 and the fixing groove 806 form a snap-fit ​​engagement.

[0092] Multiple flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801 are integrally molded at their ends to form a housing cavity 802, making the entire flame-retardant extinguishing unit 800 a single module. This facilitates one-time installation and disassembly, improving assembly efficiency. Simultaneously, this structure enhances the connection strength between the flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801, improving the overall structural stability and consistency.

[0093] The locking structure between the housing 802 and the outer cover 803, consisting of a retaining ring 805 and a retaining groove 806, enables quick locking and positioning between the flame-retardant extinguishing unit 800 and the valve body 900 assembly. This secure connection eliminates the need for additional screws or other fasteners, simplifying the assembly process and reducing production and maintenance costs. Furthermore, the detachable locking structure between the housing 802 and the outer cover 803 provides a basis for modular design. During maintenance or replacement, users can simply pull the flame-retardant extinguishing unit 800 entirely off the outer cover 803 for replacement, avoiding cumbersome disassembly and greatly improving maintenance convenience.

[0094] In applications such as new energy vehicles or energy storage systems, equipment operation is often accompanied by vibration and impact. Setting at least two retaining rings 805 can create a synergistic locking effect at different axial positions, enhancing the vibration resistance of the snap-fit ​​structure and ensuring that the venting balance valve maintains a stable connection under complex operating conditions, preventing components from falling off.

[0095] Example 2, as Figure 7 As shown, the other components are the same as in Embodiment 1, except that an outer cover 803 is fixedly installed on the valve body 900, and multiple mounting rods 807 are distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the outer cover 803. The flame-retardant extinguishing part 800 includes flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801 fixedly installed on the corresponding mounting rods 807.

[0096] In this embodiment, an alternative connection method is provided between the flame-retardant extinguishing unit 800 and the valve body 900. A modular design is achieved by providing multiple mounting rods 807 on the outer wall of the outer casing 803 and fixing the flame-retardant extinguishing blocks 801 to the corresponding rods. Each flame-retardant extinguishing block 801 can be individually disassembled and replaced without replacing the entire flame-retardant extinguishing unit 800 assembly.

[0097] In addition to fixing the flame-retardant extinguishing block 801, the mounting rod 807 on the outer cover 803 can also serve as an installation interface for other functional components (such as temperature sensors, pressure monitoring devices, etc.), facilitating subsequent expansion and upgrades.

[0098] It is worth mentioning that in the above two embodiments, the outer cover 803 is provided with a through hole 808. The outer cover 803 covers the guide post 108 of the valve cover 100 and is connected to the valve body 900 to protect the bidirectional airflow channel on the guide post 108.

[0099] like Figures 8-9As shown, in Embodiment 3, the remaining components are the same as in Embodiment 1, except that the flame-retardant extinguishing unit includes a housing, an extinguishing agent 811 disposed within the housing, and a triggering mechanism for sensing a fire and triggering the release of the extinguishing agent 811. The triggering mechanism includes a ignition element surrounding the inner side of the housing, with the other end of the ignition element extending outside the housing. When an external open flame ignites the ignition element, the flame burns along the ignition element and instantly triggers the complete release of the extinguishing agent 811.

[0100] Once an open flame occurs externally, the flame can quickly ignite the exposed part of the ignition element, and the flame will rapidly travel along the ignition element to the interior, triggering the release of extinguishing agent 811. This passive triggering method requires no electric drive or complex sensor system, ensuring immediate response in any environment.

[0101] It is worth mentioning that the ignition element can be a combustion lead 812, specifically a heat-sensitive lead, a plastic fuse, or other ignition materials with stable combustion characteristics.

[0102] like Figure 8 As shown in the illustration, in one specific embodiment, a water-based extinguishing agent 811 (such as perfluorohexanone) is disposed inside the outer shell. Further, the outer shell is constructed by fixing a shell 810 and a cover plate 809 together, forming a sealed cavity for containing the water-based extinguishing agent 811. The cover plate 809 is made of ceramic fiber material, possessing excellent high-temperature resistance (capable of withstanding temperatures above 1450℃ for extended periods). It is not easily deformed or cracked under flame or high-temperature conditions, effectively preventing the flame from spreading outwards while maintaining the structural integrity of the cavity and ensuring the directional release of the extinguishing agent 811. The combustion fuse 812 is arranged in a coiled or other configuration close to the inner wall of the shell 810, forming a uniformly distributed combustion path. This design extends the flame conduction path, increases the concentration of heat in localized areas of the shell 810, and facilitates rapid and concentrated destruction of the shell structure, enabling reliable release of the extinguishing agent 811.

[0103] Crucially, the casing 810 is made of thermoplastic materials with melting points lower than the combustion temperature of the ignition element, such as polypropylene (PP), nylon, or polyethylene (PE). When an external open flame ignites the ignition element, the flame propagates steadily along the spiraling ignition wire and enters the interior of the casing 810. Its combustion temperature (typically reaching 800–1800°C) is far higher than the melting point or decomposition temperature of the casing 810 material, causing the material to rapidly soften, melt, or ablate and perforate. The extinguishing agent 811, triggered by the high-temperature flame, can be rapidly and concentratedly sprayed out, acting at the base of the flame for rapid and effective extinguishing.

[0104] like Figure 9As shown, in another specific embodiment, the extinguishing agent 811 is a microcapsule made of perfluorohexanone. A combustion fuse 812 serves as an "active ignition thermal trigger source," accelerating and ensuring a concentrated response from the microcapsules within a short time. When a fire occurs, an external open flame or high temperature ignites the combustion fuse 812, and the flame spreads rapidly along the path of the combustion fuse 812. The heat generated by the combustion of the ignition element acts on the adjacent perfluorohexanone microcapsules, causing the wall material of the microcapsules to rupture instantaneously, thereby releasing all the perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent 811 encapsulated within. Upon contact with a high-temperature environment, the perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent 811 vaporizes instantly. This process absorbs a large amount of heat, effectively reducing the flame temperature. Simultaneously, the vaporized perfluorohexanone gas can penetrate to the flame, physically interrupting the chain reaction of combustion, thus achieving rapid and efficient fire extinguishing.

[0105] It should be noted that the outer shell is ring-shaped and hollow inside, making it easy to fit onto the outer cover 803. The connection between the outer shell and the valve cover 100 or between the outer shell and the outer cover 803 can be achieved through various methods such as snap-fit, adhesive or welding, so as to achieve stability of the relative position between the outer shell and the valve cover 100.

[0106] Example 4, as Figures 10-11 As shown, based on the above embodiment, a valve cover 100 is provided on the valve body 900, and an installation cavity 101 is provided inside the valve cover 100;

[0107] A waterproof and breathable layer is provided inside the mounting cavity 101;

[0108] A water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106 is also disposed in the mounting cavity 101, and the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106 are distributed along the central axis of the valve cover 100.

[0109] Along the radial direction of the valve cover 100, the edges of the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filter adsorption layer 106 are sealed to the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 101.

[0110] Current lithium batteries require an outlet pressure of 1 ± 0.8 kPa and an inlet pressure of 3 ± 1 kPa. When a significant pressure difference exists between the internal and external surfaces, this difference becomes a driving force, prompting more water vapor to attempt to pass through any available path (even those small pores originally designed for ventilation). As pressure increases, the rate at which water vapor permeates the material also accelerates, increasing the likelihood of moisture infiltration. To address this, this application adds a water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106. This layer effectively adsorbs water vapor molecules, further enhancing the water vapor barrier capability on top of existing waterproof and breathable properties, reducing the amount of water vapor entering the battery pack, and thus better ensuring the dryness and safety of the battery system.

[0111] To ensure that the gas inside the valve cover 100 passes sequentially through the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filter and adsorption layer 106, the sides of the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filter and adsorption layer 106 are interference-fitted with the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 101. Without requiring additional components, this effectively prevents gas from bypassing any waterproof functional layer and directly entering the valve, fully leveraging the synergistic effect of each functional layer.

[0112] As an alternative, the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106 can be separated, allowing for independent replacement of both. Alternatively, the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106 can be fixedly bonded together, facilitating assembly and production.

[0113] Furthermore, the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106 is positioned closer to the valve body 900 than the waterproof and breathable layer, and external water vapor enters the valve body 900 sequentially through the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106.

[0114] The waterproof and breathable layer typically uses a waterproof and breathable membrane 102 (such as a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film), which can effectively block liquid water while allowing gas to pass freely. Since the waterproof and breathable layer is directly exposed to the external environment, its excellent physical barrier properties can prevent the intrusion of liquid water in the first place, reducing the workload of the subsequent water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106.

[0115] Specifically, the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106 includes a filter cup 104, which contains a water vapor filtration and adsorption material. The water vapor filtration and adsorption material includes one or more of the following: synthetic aluminosilicate molecular sieve, adsorbed silica particles (silica), activated alumina, and mineral desiccant (montmorillonite, attapulgite).

[0116] The filter cup 104 is made of metal mesh, plastic mesh, or non-woven fabric of flexible material, possessing good strength and air permeability. The water vapor adsorption filter material has excellent adsorption properties, and its pore size does not change during water absorption, thus not obstructing airflow.

[0117] Further preferably, along the central axis of the valve cover 100, a filter layer 105 is also provided at the end of the filter cup 104 near the valve body 900. The gas first passes through a waterproof and breathable layer to remove most of the moisture and liquid droplets, then enters a water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106 for deep dehumidification, and finally passes through the filter layer 105 to remove residual fine particles and other impurities. Because most of the moisture and water vapor have been removed from the gas as it passes through the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106, the gas subsequently entering the filter layer 105 is relatively dry and clean. This reduces the risk of the filter layer 105 failing due to moisture and avoids secondary pollution problems caused by dampness. As the last line of defense, the filter layer 105 can use higher-precision filter materials specifically designed to capture fine particles and potential contaminants, ensuring that the air entering the battery pack meets the highest cleanliness standards.

[0118] Example 5, such as Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, the structure is the same as the rest of the structure in Example 4, except that the water vapor filter adsorption layer 106 is an irregular microporous breathable structure, and the material of the water vapor filter adsorption layer 106 is selected from one or more of synthetic aluminosilicate molecular sieves, adsorbed silica gel particles, activated alumina, and mineral desiccants to optimize the gas flow path and adsorption efficiency.

[0119] An isolation layer 107 is also fixedly provided at the lower end of the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106. The isolation layer 107 provides additional support for the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106, preventing it from deforming, shifting, or collapsing during installation or use. Especially under long-term use or vibration, the isolation layer 107 can effectively maintain the shape and position of the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106, ensuring that it continues to perform its efficient adsorption function.

[0120] Furthermore, when using PE or PP molded with various excellent adsorbents into microporous sheets as adsorbent materials, a small number of particles may detach during prolonged use. The separator 107 can prevent these tiny particles from entering the battery pack, avoiding potential contamination or damage to the battery system.

[0121] Specifically, the material of the isolation layer 107 is a breathable non-woven fabric with excellent hydrophobic properties.

[0122] Example 6, as Figure 14 As shown, the structure is the same as in Embodiment 3, except that the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer 106 includes a water-absorbing microporous filter 103. The water-absorbing microporous filter 103 has a large number of micropores, providing a large specific surface area, which can efficiently adsorb moisture in the gas. It can also lock the moisture inside, preventing it from being released back into the air, and ensuring the dryness of the internal environment of the battery pack.

[0123] The water-absorbing microporous filter 103 can be customized into different shapes and sizes according to actual needs, adapting to various installation spaces and application scenarios.

[0124] It is worth mentioning that, in the above embodiments, based on the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, when the cells in the battery pack generate heat due to charging and discharging, the air in the battery pack becomes hot air, creating a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery pack. The hot air is discharged from the balance valve. When the hot air passes through the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filter adsorption layer 106, it evaporates the moisture already adsorbed in the water-absorbing filter section (such as the water-absorbing microporous filter sheet), achieving self-drying of the material. This self-drying mechanism allows the water-absorbing filter section to automatically restore its adsorption capacity without relying on external equipment, extending its service life and reducing maintenance requirements.

[0125] Example 7, as Figures 15-17 As shown, a guide post 108 is fixedly connected to the valve cover 100, and a vent 200 is fixedly mounted on the guide post 108. The vent 200 has a vent cavity 201 with an opening at one end. Multiple through-holes 202 are distributed annularly at intervals along the side wall of the vent cavity 201. An outlet hole 203 communicating with the vent cavity 201 is also provided on the cavity wall. The vent 200 can be made of plastic, metal, or other suitable materials and has a certain rigidity to ensure the shape stability of the vent cavity 201. The vent cavity 201 can be cylindrical, elliptical, or other shapes.

[0126] The first one-way ventilation section is located in the ventilation cavity 201 and is located on the flow path of the air outlet 203. The first one-way ventilation section will only open the air outlet 203 when air is being discharged.

[0127] The second one-way ventilation section includes an elastic strip 400 attached to the outer wall of the ventilation component 200, and the elastic strip 400 is in a stretched state to provide clamping force. The elastic strip 400 can be made of materials such as silicone or fluorosilicone, and has good elasticity and durability.

[0128] In this embodiment, the elastic strip 400 has a pre-tension force in the direction of the vent 200. When the intake air pressure exceeds the elastic pre-tension force of the elastic strip 400, the intake air pressure causes the elastic strip 400 to undergo elastic deformation to form an air intake channel. The pre-tension force of the elastic strip 400 can slow down the air intake speed, effectively slowing down the speed at which high-humidity external air directly enters the battery pack, thereby reducing the problem of humidity rise inside the battery pack caused by rapid air intake. In addition, since the air intake speed is controlled at a low level, the waterproof and breathable membrane 102 has sufficient time to filter out moisture in the air.

[0129] Along the central axis of the vent 200, the air outlet 203 and the opening are respectively located at both ends of the vent 200, forming a straight, low-flow-resistance exhaust channel. This makes the gas flow path inside the vent cavity 201 shorter and more direct, reducing airflow resistance and local vortex effects, thereby significantly improving the exhaust speed.

[0130] Furthermore, by rationally designing the number of elastic strips 400, their material properties (such as elastic modulus), and their initial tensile state, the critical pressure value required for the air inlet 202 to open can be adjusted, thereby achieving precise control over the air intake speed and opening timing. This feature allows the ventilation component to flexibly adjust its operating parameters according to different usage environments, meeting the diverse needs of new energy power battery packs for internal and external pressure difference balance.

[0131] The size of the air inlet 202 ranges from 0.1mm to 5mm. By appropriately selecting the size of the air inlet 202, flow resistance can be minimized while ensuring the necessary airflow. Adjusting the orifice size according to specific application scenarios allows the device to flexibly respond to different airflow requirements in various environments.

[0132] A circumferentially extending limiting groove 204 is provided on the outer wall of the venting component 200, and the elastic strip 400 is disposed within the limiting groove 204. The limiting groove 204 can prevent the elastic strip 400 from shifting during use, ensuring that the elastic strip 400 is always in the correct position.

[0133] Based on all the above embodiments, the first one-way ventilation section includes a diaphragm 300 made of flexible material fixedly disposed in the ventilation cavity 201. The diaphragm 300 includes a sealing surface for covering the air outlet 203. When the ventilation component is inlet, the sealing surface covers the air outlet 203 to achieve sealing of the air outlet 203.

[0134] It is worth mentioning that the diaphragm 300 has an umbrella-shaped structure. The central part of the diaphragm 300 is fixed in the ventilation chamber 201 by the connecting rod 301, and the peripheral part can be tightly attached to the inner wall of the ventilation component 200 under the action of airflow, thereby closing the air outlet 203.

[0135] like Figure 18 As shown, in order to prevent the diaphragm 300 from detaching from the venting component 200 under the action of airflow during the air release process, an anti-detachment part 302 is provided in the venting cavity 201. The anti-detachment part 302 is provided with a flow hole, and an anti-detachment rod 303 is provided at the center of the anti-detachment part 302. The anti-detachment rod 303 abuts against the diaphragm 300 to prevent the connecting rod 301 from detaching from the venting component 200.

[0136] For ease of assembly, the anti-detachment part 302 is clamped and fixed between the vent 200 and the guide post 108, and the threaded connection between the vent 200 and the guide post 108 achieves a detachable fixed connection.

[0137] Example 8, as Figures 19-22 As shown, the components are the same as in Embodiment 7, except that the second one-way ventilation section includes a one-way ventilation ring 700 attached to the outer wall of the ventilation member 200. The one-way ventilation ring 700 is made of a deformable elastic material, such as silicone or fluorosilicone, which are materials with good elasticity. The one-way ventilation ring 700 is connected to the first one-way ventilation section, and the one-way ventilation ring 700 can change position relative to the ventilation member 200 to switch between an open position and a closed position. When the one-way ventilation ring 700 is in the open position, an air intake channel communicating with the ventilation cavity 201 is formed between the outer wall of the ventilation member 200 and the one-way ventilation ring 700.

[0138] The working principle of the ventilation component is as follows:

[0139] When air enters the venting assembly, the air intake pushes the one-way vent ring 700 to change position relative to the venting component 200, forming an air intake channel and thus enabling air intake. Specifically, when external gas pressure acts on the one-way vent ring 700, because the one-way vent ring 700 is made of a deformable elastic material, it will deform under the pressure, forming a gap between it and the outer wall of the venting component 200. This gap constitutes the air intake channel, through which external gas enters the battery pack.

[0140] When the venting assembly releases air, the released air pushes open the first one-way vent to open the vent 203, and the air flows out through the vent chamber 201 and out of the opening. Specifically, when the gas pressure inside the battery pack increases, the gas will push the first one-way vent to deform, causing the vent 203 to open, and the gas will be discharged through the vent 203 and finally flow out from the opening of the vent chamber 201.

[0141] In this embodiment, the one-way vent ring 700 is designed so that when the external air pressure is high, external air can force its way through the ring and enter the battery pack. This effectively slows down the rate at which high-humidity external air directly enters the battery pack, thereby reducing the problem of increased humidity inside the battery pack caused by rapid air intake. Furthermore, because the air intake speed is controlled at a low level, the waterproof and breathable membrane 102 has sufficient time to filter out moisture from the air.

[0142] When the internal pressure of the battery pack increases to a certain threshold, the first one-way vent opens the vent 203 to quickly release the internal gas, so as to prevent the battery pack from bulging due to excessive internal pressure. This ensures that the internal gas can be released quickly and directionally in an emergency, thus ensuring the safety of the battery pack.

[0143] Of course, when the battery pack is in a burst pressure relief state, the valve cover still needs to be opened 100 to achieve instant pressure relief.

[0144] A gap exists between the first one-way vent and the end face of the vent 200, forming an intake chamber that communicates with the vent cavity 201. When the one-way vent ring 700 is in the open position, the intake passage communicates with the intake chamber. Since the one-way vent ring 700 is located on the outer wall of the vent 200, without this gap, external gas would not be able to pass through the intake passage and act on the one-way vent ring 700, causing it to fail to open in response to pressure changes. The existence of this gap provides a path for gas to flow from the intake passage to the one-way vent ring 700, allowing it to deform or displace under the drive of pressure difference, thereby opening the intake passage.

[0145] An abutting protrusion 701 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the one-way vent ring 700 or the outer wall of the vent component 200. When the one-way vent ring 700 is fitted onto the guide post 108, the abutting protrusion 701 abuts against the outer wall of the vent component 200 or the one-way vent ring 700. This increases the sealing effect between the one-way vent ring 700 and the vent component 200, preventing gas leakage. At the same time, through the supporting action of the abutting protrusion 701, an initial gap is formed between the one-way vent ring 700 and the outer wall of the vent component 200. This initial gap constitutes the pre-space for gas to enter the intake channel, allowing external gas to flow in smoothly and act evenly on the one-way vent ring 700, avoiding delayed start-up response or failure.

[0146] Traditional products use spring force to control the intake and exhaust pressure. However, springs are prone to elasticity decay over long-term use, and the elasticity characteristics of different springs may vary, affecting system stability. Therefore, this design has been optimized and improved. As shown in the figure, the first one-way venting section and the one-way venting ring 700 are fixedly connected, which not only simplifies the structure of the venting assembly and reduces the number of parts, but also effectively improves the reliability and service life of the assembly. Furthermore, a deformable elastic material (such as silicone or fluorosilicone) is innovatively used to fix the first one-way venting section. This material has good resilience, fatigue resistance, and low compression set, enabling it to maintain stable mechanical properties over a longer period. Compared to traditional spring structures, the rubber component can achieve a more uniform stress distribution under pressure.

[0147] Preferably, the abutting convex ring 701 is disposed at the end near the one-way vent ring 700 and is located at the end of the one-way vent ring 700 away from the first one-way vent section.

[0148] Along the central axis of the vent 200, an air guide ring 501 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the vent 200. Further defined, the air guide ring 501 is integrally formed with the vent 200. An air guide channel with an open end is formed between the inner ring wall of the air guide ring 501 and the outer wall of the vent 200, and a one-way vent ring 700 is disposed within the air guide channel. The air guide ring 501 guides the airflow direction, reduces airflow resistance, and improves ventilation efficiency. Simultaneously, the air guide ring 501 also protects the one-way vent ring 700 from interference from the external environment.

[0149] A limiting plate 502 is fixedly provided at the end of the venting component 200 along its central axis. The limiting plate 502 has a vent hole 503 and abuts against the first one-way venting section to prevent the one-way vent ring 700 from disengaging from the venting component 200. The limiting plate 502 prevents the one-way vent ring 700 from disengaging from the venting component 200 during use, ensuring the structural integrity and operational stability of the venting assembly.

[0150] like Figure 23 As shown, the air guide ring 501 is provided with an installation step, and the limiting plate 502 is embedded in the installation step to achieve relative fixation with the air vent 200.

[0151] The limiting plate 502 is provided with multiple vent holes 503. In the plane perpendicular to the central axis of the venting component 200, the maximum straight-line distance between the central axis of the venting component 200 and the wall of the vent hole 503 is greater than the maximum straight-line distance between the one-way venting ring 700 and the central axis of the venting component 200. This ensures that even when the first one-way venting part abuts against the limiting plate 502 and partially covers and closes the vent holes 503 on the limiting plate 502, gas can still pass smoothly through the vent holes 503, reducing airflow resistance and improving ventilation efficiency.

[0152] Along the central axis of the vent 200, one of the vent holes 503 is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the vent 200, allowing gas inside the battery pack to enter the vent chamber 201 directly in a straight line through the vent hole 503. During battery charging and discharging, heat is generated, producing hot air inside the battery pack, causing the internal pressure to rise rapidly. The gas tends to escape along the shortest path to achieve rapid pressure relief and improve system safety.

[0153] The first one-way ventilation section includes valves 600, which can deform under airflow pressure, move closer to each other to block air intake, and when air is released, the valves 600 open under the action of the airflow and move away from each other to form an air outlet channel.

[0154] Example 9, as Figure 23As shown, the components are the same as those in Embodiment 8, except that the first one-way ventilation section and the one-way ventilation ring 700 are integrally formed. Because it is a one-piece molding process, there are no welding points or connectors, thus reducing potential weaknesses caused by seams and making the overall structure of the product more robust and durable. Compared to traditional multi-step assembly processes, one-piece molding can significantly reduce manufacturing time, as it typically requires only one operation to complete the production of complex shapes.

[0155] It should be noted that in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly defined. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0156] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0157] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions, characterized in that, include: The valve body has a first end connected to the valve cover along its central axis, and a flame-retardant extinguishing part at the second end. A gap is provided between the flame-retardant extinguishing part and the valve body, and / or an exhaust channel is provided on the flame-retardant extinguishing part to achieve communication with the exhaust channel on the valve body. When the battery pack experiences thermal runaway and causes a fire, the flame-retardant extinguishing part comes into contact with the flame and triggers the extinguishing agent to extinguish the flame.

2. The breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame-retardant extinguishing unit includes flame-retardant extinguishing blocks arranged in a ring around the central axis of the valve body. The flame-retardant extinguishing blocks are polygonal in shape, and there are gaps between adjacent flame-retardant extinguishing blocks to form an exhaust channel.

3. The breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flame-retardant fire extinguishing block is a square column.

4. The breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for flame-retardant fire extinguishing units include microcapsules or microcapsule silica blocks containing perfluorohexanone.

5. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the flame-retardant extinguishing section near the valve body is fixedly equipped with a high-temperature fire-resistant layer made of ceramic fiber.

6. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple flame-retardant fire extinguishing blocks are integrally set at their ends to form a housing cavity; an outer cover is fixedly installed on the valve body, and the housing cavity is fixedly connected to the outer cover.

7. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 6, characterized in that, One of the housing and the outer cover is provided with a fixing ring, and the other is provided with a corresponding fixing groove; when the housing is fitted onto the outer cover, the fixing ring and the fixing groove form a snap-fit ​​engagement.

8. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Along the central axis of the valve body, there are at least two retaining rings.

9. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An outer cover is fixedly installed on the valve body. Multiple mounting rods are distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the outer cover. The flame-retardant extinguishing part includes flame-retardant extinguishing blocks fixedly installed on the corresponding mounting rods.

10. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flame-retardant extinguishing unit includes a housing, an extinguishing agent disposed within the housing, and a triggering mechanism for sensing a fire and triggering the release of the extinguishing agent. The triggering mechanism includes a ignition element surrounding the inner side of the housing, with the other end of the ignition element extending outside the housing. When an external open flame ignites the ignition element, the flame burns along the ignition element, causing all the extinguishing agent to be released.

11. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The extinguishing agent is a water-based extinguishing agent, and the outer shell is made of a thermoplastic material with a melting point lower than the combustion temperature of the ignition element; or the extinguishing agent is a microcapsule made of perfluorohexanone.

12. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The ignition element is arranged in a spiral shape inside the casing.

13. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body is provided with a valve cover, and the valve cover is provided with an installation cavity; A waterproof and breathable layer is installed inside the mounting cavity; A water vapor filtration and adsorption layer is also installed in the installation cavity, and the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer are distributed along the central axis of the valve cover. Along the radial direction of the valve cover, the edges of the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filter and adsorption layer are sealed to the cavity wall of the mounting cavity.

14. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The sides of the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer are interference-fitted with the cavity wall of the installation cavity.

15. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer can be separated or fixedly bonded together.

16. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The water vapor filtration and adsorption layer is positioned closer to the valve body than the waterproof and breathable layer. External water vapor passes through the waterproof and breathable layer and the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer in sequence before entering the valve body.

17. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The waterproof and breathable layer includes a waterproof and breathable membrane.

18. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The water vapor filtration and adsorption layer includes a filter cup, and water vapor filtration and adsorption material is placed inside the filter cup.

19. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 18, characterized in that, Water vapor filtration and adsorption materials include one or more of the following: synthetic aluminosilicate molecular sieves, adsorbent silica gel particles, activated alumina, and mineral desiccants.

20. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 18, characterized in that, Along the central axis of the valve cover, a filter layer is also provided at the end of the filter cup near the valve body.

21. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The water vapor filtration and adsorption layer has an irregular microporous breathable structure, and the material of the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer is selected from one or more of the following: synthetic aluminosilicate molecular sieves, adsorbed silica gel particles, activated alumina, and mineral desiccants.

22. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 21, characterized in that, An isolation layer is also fixedly installed at the lower end of the water vapor filtration and adsorption layer.

23. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 22, characterized in that, The material of the isolation layer is a composite hydrophobic nonwoven fabric or a breathable fabric.

24. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The water vapor filtration and adsorption layer includes a water-absorbing microporous filter sheet.

25. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 13, characterized in that, A guide post is fixedly connected to the valve cover, and a vent is fixedly installed on the guide post. The vent includes a vent chamber with an opening at one end to communicate with the guide post. A through vent hole is provided on the bottom wall of the guide post along the central axis. The first one-way ventilation section is located inside the ventilation chamber and is situated on the flow path of the air outlet. The air outlet is only opened when air is being released. The second one-way ventilation section is disposed on the side of the ventilation cavity. The second one-way ventilation section can change its position relative to the ventilation component to switch between the open position and the closed position. When the second one-way ventilation section is in the closed position, the second one-way ventilation section has a pre-tightening force in the direction of the ventilation component. When the second one-way ventilation section is in the open position, an air intake channel communicating with the ventilation cavity is formed between the outer wall of the ventilation component and the second one-way ventilation section. When the ventilation component is inhaled, the intake air pressure pushes the first one-way ventilation section to change its position relative to the ventilation component, thereby opening the air inlet and realizing air intake. When the ventilation component releases air, the air pressure pushes open the first one-way ventilation section through the air outlet to open the air outlet, and the air flows out through the ventilation chamber and out of the opening.

26. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 25, characterized in that, The venting component and the guide post are either detachably fixed or integrated.

27. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 25, characterized in that, The side wall of the ventilation chamber has multiple through air inlets distributed in an annular interval, and the wall of the ventilation chamber is also provided with air outlets that communicate with the ventilation chamber. The second one-way vent includes an elastic strip that conforms to the outer wall surface of the vent and covers the air inlet. The elastic strip is in a stretched state to provide a clamping force. When air enters the ventilation component, the air pressure pushes the elastic strip to deform elastically and open the air inlet to achieve air intake. When the ventilation component releases air, the air pressure pushes open the first one-way ventilation section through the air outlet to open the air outlet, and the air flows out through the ventilation chamber and out of the opening.

28. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 27, characterized in that, The outer wall of the vent is provided with a circumferentially extending limiting groove, and the elastic strip is set in the limiting groove.

29. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 25, characterized in that, The first one-way ventilation section is fixedly connected to the second one-way ventilation section. The second one-way ventilation section includes a one-way ventilation ring attached to the outer wall of the ventilation component. The one-way ventilation ring is made of a deformable elastic material and can change its position relative to the ventilation component to achieve switching between the open position and the closed position. When the one-way ventilation ring is in the open position, an air intake channel communicating with the ventilation cavity is formed between the outer wall of the ventilation component and the one-way ventilation ring.

30. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 29, characterized in that, There is a gap between the first one-way ventilation section and the end face of the ventilation component to form an air intake chamber that is connected to the ventilation cavity. When the one-way ventilation ring is in the open position, the air intake channel is connected to the air intake chamber.

31. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 30, characterized in that, An abutting protrusion is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the one-way vent ring or the outer wall of the venting component. When the one-way vent ring is fitted onto the guide post, the abutting protrusion abuts against the outer wall of the venting component or the one-way vent ring.

32. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 29, characterized in that, The first one-way ventilation section is integrated with the one-way ventilation ring.

33. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 29, characterized in that, Along the central axis of the ventilator, an air guide ring is also fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the ventilator. An air guide channel with an opening at one end is formed between the inner ring wall of the air guide ring and the outer side wall of the ventilator. The one-way ventilator ring is installed in the air guide channel.

34. A breathable balance valve with flame-retardant, fire-extinguishing, explosion-proof, waterproof, and vapor-proof functions as described in claim 29, characterized in that, Along the central axis of the ventilator, a limiting plate is fixedly provided at the end of the ventilator. The limiting plate is provided with a vent hole. The limiting plate can abut against the first one-way ventilator to prevent the one-way ventilator ring from disengaging from the ventilator.

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