Excavator whole vehicle voltage protection system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of excavator whole car voltage protection system, belong to engineering machinery technical field, including: including voltage protection device, AC relay, generator;The voltage protection device includes piezo-resistor and voltage protection relay, piezo-resistor is connected voltage protection relay and generator respectively, and voltage protection relay is connected with piezo-resistor, generator, AC relay respectively.The utility model solves the problem that when generator fails, the problem that most electrical components of whole car are damaged due to continuously supplied voltage being too high, improves the safety performance of whole car.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of engineering machinery technology, and in particular relates to a voltage protection system for an excavator. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to this utility model and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Excavators are a type of earthmoving machinery in the field of construction equipment, mainly used for excavating materials above or below the machine's bearing surface. With the development of the industry, the safety performance requirements for excavators have gradually increased. As the core of modern excavator control, the electrical system's stability and reliability directly affect the overall machine's operational safety and efficiency. Especially in complex and changing engineering environments, the electrical system faces multiple risks such as voltage fluctuations, surge impacts, and electromagnetic interference, posing a severe challenge to the voltage protection capabilities of key controllers and electronic components.

[0004] Currently, voltage protection for fuel-powered excavators is mainly provided by the controller and its components. However, with this existing protection method, the components can only provide overvoltage protection for a short time. If the generator fails and the vehicle's power supply voltage remains too high, the components will still be damaged. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems and deficiencies in existing technologies, this utility model provides a vehicle-wide voltage protection system for excavators. When the generator malfunctions and the vehicle's power supply voltage is too high, the system disconnects the engine power supply, allowing only the battery to provide power. An alarm is then triggered to alert the driver to inspect and repair the generator. This system prevents damage to electrical components from continuously high generator voltage, thus improving the overall vehicle safety. To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A voltage protection system for an excavator includes a voltage protection device, a generator, and a battery. The voltage protection device includes a varistor, an AC relay, and a voltage protection relay. The varistor is connected to the voltage protection relay and the generator, and the voltage protection relay is connected to the varistor, the generator, the AC relay, and the battery.

[0006] In a further technical solution, the first end of the varistor is connected to the first pin of the contact terminal of the generator and the voltage protection relay, and the second end of the varistor is connected to the first pin of the coil terminal of the voltage protection relay.

[0007] In a further technical solution, the second pin of the coil end of the voltage protection relay is connected to the first pin of the contact end of the AC relay.

[0008] In a further technical solution, the excavator vehicle voltage protection system also includes a display device, which is connected to the voltage protection device and is used to receive generator fault information.

[0009] In a further technical solution, the first pin of the display device is grounded, the second pin is connected to the first pin of the coil of the AC relay, and the third pin is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the battery.

[0010] In a further technical solution, the second pin of the contact terminal of the voltage protection relay is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the battery.

[0011] In a further technical solution, the battery is also connected to the vehicle's electrical appliances to provide power to the entire vehicle.

[0012] In a further technical solution, the voltage protection relay contact type is normally closed.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the contact type of the AC relay is normally open.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the second pin of the coil terminal of the AC relay, the second pin of the contact terminal of the AC relay, and the negative power supply terminal of the battery are all grounded.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The excavator vehicle voltage protection system proposed in this utility model improves the overall vehicle safety performance by adding voltage protection devices to prevent damage to the vehicle's electrical components due to excessive voltage. Furthermore, it does not require performance upgrades to all electrical components of the vehicle, thus improving safety performance at a lower cost.

[0016] This invention uses a varistor to detect engine malfunctions. The voltage protection system cuts off the engine power supply, but the battery can still power the vehicle's electrical system, ensuring vehicle operation and preventing driver panic caused by sudden vehicle shutdown.

[0017] This invention adds an instrument indicator that displays a warning when the engine malfunctions, promptly reminding the driver to perform repairs and preventing the entire vehicle from losing power.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention in additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the excavator vehicle voltage protection system described in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical principle of the excavator vehicle voltage protection system described in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is an operation flowchart of the excavator vehicle voltage protection system described in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 This is the characteristic curve of the varistor described in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0024] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0025] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. It should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0026] The present invention discloses a voltage protection system for an excavator, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes a voltage protection device, a display device, a generator, and a storage battery; The voltage protection device includes a varistor, an AC relay, and a voltage protection relay; the display device is a monitor used to display the status and alarm information of the voltage protection system, as well as the control functions of some relays; the generator is used to power the vehicle and the battery; the battery is used to store energy and power the vehicle; the AC relay is used to prevent leakage of the voltage protection device after the vehicle is powered off.

[0027] The display device is electrically connected to the voltage protection device to receive generator fault information. Specifically, the first pin of the display device is grounded, the second pin is connected to the first pin of the AC relay coil, and the third pin is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the battery.

[0028] The voltage protection device includes a varistor and a voltage protection relay. The varistor is connected to the voltage protection relay, the display, and the generator. The voltage protection relay is connected to the varistor, the generator, the AC relay, and the battery. Specifically, the first end of the varistor is connected to the generator and the first pin of the voltage protection relay's contact. The second end of the varistor is connected to the signal port (i.e., the fourth pin) of the display device and the first pin of the voltage protection relay's coil. The second pin of the voltage protection relay's contact is connected to the power port of the display device and the positive power terminal of the battery. The second pin of the voltage protection relay's coil is connected to the first pin of the AC relay's contact. The second pin of the AC relay's contact, the second pin of the AC relay's coil, the grounding port of the display device, and the negative power supply of the battery are all connected to the vehicle body ground to achieve grounding.

[0029] In this embodiment, the optional parameters for each electrical component include: The voltage protection relay parameters include a rated operating voltage of the vehicle's operating voltage, a contact capacity of the vehicle's maximum operating current, and a normally closed contact type.

[0030] The parameters of the varistor include the maximum continuous operating voltage, which is higher than the protection voltage of the vehicle's electrical appliances, and the V1mA varistor voltage, which is higher than the normal operating voltage of the vehicle and lower than the burnout voltage of the vehicle's electrical appliances.

[0031] AC relay parameters include rated operating voltage (vehicle operating voltage), contact capacity (vehicle maximum operating current), and contact type (normally open).

[0032] The voltage protection device proposed in this utility model solves the problem of damage to most electrical components of the vehicle caused by excessively high continuous power supply voltage when the generator fails, thereby improving the overall vehicle safety performance.

[0033] The excavator vehicle voltage protection system proposed in this utility model can achieve both leakage protection and voltage protection functions, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the working principle is as follows: Leakage protection principle: Before the vehicle is powered on, there is no voltage on the second pin of the display device, no voltage at both ends of the AC relay coil, the contact is in the open state, the AC relay is disconnected, and the voltage protection system control circuit is in the open state, which can prevent abnormal power consumption of the voltage protection system when the vehicle is parked.

[0034] Voltage protection function principle: When the vehicle is powered on, the second pin of the display device (i.e., the instrument AC port) is energized, the AC relay is energized, and the voltage protection system is in working condition.

[0035] After the vehicle starts, the alternator begins to work, and the alternator voltage is applied across the varistor. The voltage protection system has the following operating states: (1) If the generator is normal, the generator voltage is 28V when the generator is normal, which is within the voltage range of the varistor. Combined with, for example Figure 4 The characteristic curve shown indicates that the sub-sensitive voltage range of the varistor is segment BC in the varistor characteristic curve. When the current through the varistor is less than 1mA, it is equivalent to an open circuit, the voltage protection relay does not work, the generator power supply circuit is connected, and the vehicle's electrical system is powered by the generator.

[0036] (2) If the generator malfunctions and the generating voltage exceeds 30V, it exceeds the voltage range of the varistor (section CD in the varistor characteristic curve). The varistor becomes a closed circuit, the voltage protection relay is energized, and the generator power supply circuit is disconnected. The vehicle's electrical system is powered by the battery to prevent damage to electrical components under high voltage conditions. At the same time, the Signal port receives a voltage signal and displays a pop-up window "Generator malfunction, please stop the engine for inspection and repair," prompting the driver to repair it promptly.

[0037] (3) If the generator is repaired and the generator returns to normal, the power supply voltage returns to 28V. At this time, the varistor returns to normal and the voltage protection system enters the next protection cycle.

[0038] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A voltage protection system for an excavator, characterized in that, Includes voltage protection devices, generators, and batteries; The voltage protection device includes a varistor, an AC relay, and a voltage protection relay. The varistor is connected to the voltage protection relay and the generator, and the voltage protection relay is connected to the varistor, the generator, the AC relay, and the battery.

2. The excavator vehicle voltage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the varistor is connected to the first pin of the contact terminal of the generator and the voltage protection relay, and the second end of the varistor is connected to the first pin of the coil terminal of the voltage protection relay.

3. The excavator vehicle voltage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second pin of the coil terminal of the voltage protection relay is connected to the first pin of the contact terminal of the AC relay.

4. The excavator vehicle voltage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a display device, which is connected to the voltage protection device and is used to receive generator fault information.

5. The excavator vehicle voltage protection system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first pin of the display device is grounded, the second pin is connected to the first pin of the AC relay coil, and the third pin is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the battery.

6. The excavator vehicle voltage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second pin of the voltage protection relay is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the battery.

7. The excavator vehicle voltage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery is also connected to the vehicle's electrical appliances to provide power to the vehicle.

8. The excavator vehicle voltage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage protection relay has normally closed contacts.

9. The excavator vehicle voltage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The AC relay has normally open contacts.

10. The excavator vehicle voltage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second pin of the AC relay coil, the second pin of the AC relay contact, and the negative power supply terminal of the battery are all grounded.

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