A charger capable of self-adapting charging voltage

Abstract

A charger capable of self-adaptive transformation charging voltage, including charger housing and setting in the charger housing charging intelligent control device, the charger housing two ends are connected respectively AC input terminal and DC output terminal connector, AC input terminal and DC output terminal connector are connected with charging intelligent control device respectively, charging intelligent control device includes input rectifier filter circuit, main transformer circuit, main output rectifier filter circuit, battery reverse connection protection circuit, power supply chip + switch tube control circuit, auxiliary power supply circuit, feedback circuit, display circuit, MCU, fan, the utility model discloses a battery voltage is sampled by MCU, and according to voltage, the battery series number is judged, and the battery voltage (12V-72V) to be charged is automatically identified, then the output voltage is adaptively changed to charge, and the use range is wide, so that the drawbacks caused by wrong charger can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery charging equipment technology, and in particular to a charger capable of adaptively changing the charging voltage. Background Technology

[0002] Lead-acid batteries are widely used due to their low price and reliable performance. They are used as power sources for electric motorcycles, electric bicycles, and electric tricycles (collectively known as "electric vehicles"), providing power to meet daily travel needs. Different electric vehicles have different full-capacity voltages due to variations in the number of batteries they contain, such as 36V, 48V, 60V, and 72V. Different voltage ratings require different voltage-rated chargers. For example, a 48V charger can only charge batteries in 48V electric vehicles and cannot charge batteries in other voltage ranges, severely limiting the charger's usability. However, many households have electric vehicles with different voltage ratings or batteries requiring charging due to the diverse needs of family members, necessitating different chargers. This limitation not only wastes resources but also increases the risk of battery damage due to using the wrong charger when multiple chargers are used in the home, causing unnecessary losses and even fires. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a charger that can adaptively change the charging voltage. This charger can change the charging voltage according to the battery voltage, has a wide range of applications, and avoids the drawbacks caused by using the wrong charger.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to achieve the above-mentioned objective is as follows: a charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage, comprising a charger housing and a charging intelligent control device disposed within the charger housing. The charger housing has an AC input connector and a DC output connector connected to its two ends, respectively. The AC input connector and the DC output connector are respectively connected to the charging intelligent control device. The charging intelligent control device includes an input rectifier and filter circuit, a main transformer circuit, a main output rectifier and filter circuit, a battery reverse connection protection circuit, a power chip + switching transistor control circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, a feedback circuit, a display circuit, an MCU, and a fan. The input terminal of the input rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the AC input connector, and the output terminal of the input rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the input terminal of the main transformer circuit. The main output circuit is connected to the input terminal of the main output rectifier and filter circuit. The output terminal of the auxiliary power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit, the MCU input terminal, the feedback circuit input terminal, and the fan input terminal. The output terminal of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the main transformer circuit. The output terminal of the MCU is connected to the input terminal of the feedback circuit and the display circuit. The output terminal of the main output rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the input terminal of the feedback circuit and the input terminal of the reverse battery protection circuit. The output terminal of the feedback circuit is connected to the input terminal of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit. The output terminal of the reverse battery protection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the MCU, the input terminal of the auxiliary power supply circuit, and the DC output terminal connector.

[0005] A further technical solution of this utility model is as follows: The feedback circuit includes a total feedback circuit, a constant current circuit, a voltage limiting circuit, and a voltage switching circuit. The total feedback circuit includes an optocoupler BC1, a voltage reference chip IC2, and an output power limiting resistor R54. The output power limiting resistor R54 is connected in parallel between pins 2 and 3 of the voltage reference chip IC2. Pin 3 of the voltage reference chip IC2 is connected to pin 2 of the optocoupler BC1. The constant current circuit is connected between the MCU output and pin 2 of the optocoupler BC1. The voltage limiting circuit is connected between the output of the main output rectifier filter circuit and pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. The voltage switching circuit is connected between the MCU output and pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. Pin 1 of the optocoupler BC1 is connected to a voltage divider resistor R18 and then to the auxiliary power supply output 5V. Pins 3 and 4 of the optocoupler BC1 are connected in parallel with a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 and then to the control input of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit.

[0006] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the constant current circuit includes a transistor Q5 and an RC integrating circuit. The output terminal of the MCU is connected to the base of the transistor Q5 through the RC integrating circuit, and the collector of the transistor Q5 is connected to pin 2 of the optocoupler BC1.

[0007] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the base of the transistor Q5 is connected in series with two RC integrating circuits and then connected to the output terminal of the MCU; the collector of the transistor Q5 is first connected to resistor R48 and then connected to pin 2 of the optocoupler BC1; and the base and emitter of the transistor Q5 are connected in parallel with resistor R46.

[0008] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the voltage limiting circuit includes voltage dividing resistors R21, R20, and R25. Voltage dividing resistors R21 and R20 are connected in series between the output terminal of the main output rectifier filter circuit and pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2, and voltage dividing resistor R25 is connected in parallel between pin 1 and pin 2 of the voltage reference chip IC2.

[0009] A further technical solution of this utility model is: a capacitor C5 is connected in parallel between pin 1 and pin 3 of the voltage reference chip IC2, and a capacitor C6 is connected in parallel between pin 1 and pin 2 of the voltage reference chip IC2.

[0010] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the voltage switching circuit includes a transistor Q7, the base of transistor Q7 is connected to a resistor R104 and then connected to the output terminal of the MCU, the collector of transistor Q7 is connected to a voltage divider resistor and then connected to pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2, and the emitter of transistor Q7 is grounded.

[0011] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the voltage switching circuit further includes a transistor Q8, the base of transistor Q8 is connected to a resistor R106 and then connected to the output terminal of the MCU, the collector of transistor Q8 is connected to a voltage divider resistor and then connected to pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2, and the emitter of transistor Q8 is grounded.

[0012] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the voltage switching circuit further includes a transistor Q9, the base of transistor Q9 is connected to a resistor R105 and then connected to the output terminal of the MCU, the collector of transistor Q9 is connected to a voltage divider resistor and then connected to pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2, and the emitter of transistor Q9 is grounded.

[0013] This utility model, an electric vehicle charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage, has the following beneficial effects: After sampling the battery voltage by the MCU, the number of battery cells is determined based on the voltage, automatically identifying the voltage of the battery to be charged (12V-72V), and then adaptively changing the output voltage for charging; the addition of an output power limiting resistor R54 in the feedback circuit directly limits the maximum output power. Any abnormal signal fed back to the optocoupler is limited by this resistor, preventing the output from exceeding the limit. When the output fluctuation is large or interference signals cause abnormal response of the voltage reference chip IC2, resulting in lower or no conduction of the voltage reference chip IC2, R54 ensures that the optocoupler BC1 still has a certain... The current flows through and is fed back to the power management chip, limiting the maximum value of the power management chip's PWM output. This effectively prevents excessive output from burning out the main MOSFET, thus effectively reducing the risk of the charger exploding. After the MCU samples the current, the output PWM is integrated by the circuit to obtain a stable UF. The resistance of R54 is then changed by connecting transistor Q5+R48 in parallel with R54, thereby directly adjusting the output current. The resistance of R25 is changed by connecting Q7, Q8, or Q9 in parallel with R25, thereby directly adjusting the output voltage. This achieves the charging voltage required for 12V-72V batteries, realizing adaptive adjustment of the charging voltage.

[0014] The present invention provides a charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage, which will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a smart charging control device for a charger that can adaptively change the charging voltage according to this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of the main transformer circuit, the main output rectifier and filter circuit, the battery reverse connection protection circuit, the power chip + switching transistor control circuit, and the feedback circuit.

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 An enlarged view of the feedback circuit;

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the power supply chip and switching transistor control circuit;

[0019] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the main transformer circuit, main output rectifier and filter circuit, and reverse battery protection circuit;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an MCU;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the input rectifier filter circuit and the display circuit;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary power supply circuit and the fan; Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this utility model discloses a charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage, comprising a charger housing (not shown) and a charging intelligent control device disposed within the charger housing. An AC input connector and a DC output connector (not shown) are respectively connected to both ends of the charger housing, and the AC input connector and DC output connector are respectively connected to the charging intelligent control device. The charger housing, AC input connector, and DC output connector are not the inventive points of this patent; their structures are existing conventional structures and will not be described in detail here.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent electric control device includes an input rectifier and filter circuit, a main transformer circuit, a main output rectifier and filter circuit, a reverse battery connection protection circuit, a power chip + switching transistor control circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, a feedback circuit, a display circuit, an MCU, and a fan. The input terminal of the input rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the AC input terminal connector. The output terminal of the input rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the input terminals of the main transformer circuit and the auxiliary power supply circuit, respectively. The output terminal of the main transformer circuit is connected to the input terminal of the main output rectifier and filter circuit. The output terminal of the auxiliary power supply circuit is connected to the input terminals of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit, the MCU, the feedback circuit, and the fan, respectively. The output terminal of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the main transformer circuit. The output terminal of the MCU is connected to the input terminals of the feedback circuit and the display circuit, respectively. The output terminal of the main output rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the input terminals of the feedback circuit and the reverse battery connection protection circuit, respectively. The output terminal of the feedback circuit is connected to the input terminal of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit, respectively. The output terminal of the reverse battery connection protection circuit is connected to the input terminals of the MCU, the auxiliary power supply circuit, and the DC output terminal connector, respectively.

[0025] The input rectifier and filter circuit is used to convert AC power to DC power. Please refer to the schematic diagram of the input rectifier and filter circuit. Figure 7 As shown, the input rectifier and filter circuit is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The main transformer circuit is mainly used for power transmission, converting high-voltage electricity to low-voltage electricity. Please refer to the schematic diagram of the main transformer circuit. Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the main transformer circuit is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The main output rectifier and filter circuit is used to further reduce the output stable low-voltage DC current. Please refer to the schematic diagram of the main output rectifier and filter circuit. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the main output rectifier and filter circuit is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The reverse battery connection protection circuit prevents damage to components and the circuit system when the battery's positive and negative terminals are reversed. Please refer to the schematic diagram of the reverse battery connection protection circuit. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, this reverse battery connection protection circuit is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The power chip and switching transistor control circuit can precisely regulate the energy conversion process, achieving a stable and efficient power supply. Please refer to the power chip and switching transistor control circuit diagram. Figure 7 As shown, the power chip and switching transistor control circuit is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The auxiliary power supply circuit provides suitable power to the power chip and switching transistor control circuit, feedback circuit, MCU, and fan. Please refer to the auxiliary power supply circuit diagram. Figure 8 As shown, this auxiliary power supply circuit is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. MCU (Microcontroller Unit) is a readily available device that can be purchased directly. Please refer to [link to MCU circuit diagram] for details. Figure 6 As shown, this MCU circuit is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The display circuit is used to display the operating status; please refer to the display circuit diagram. Figure 7 As shown, this display circuit is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The fan is used for heat dissipation; its circuit diagram can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 8 As shown, this fan is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the feedback circuit includes a main feedback circuit, a constant current circuit, a voltage limiting circuit, and a voltage switching circuit. The main feedback circuit includes an optocoupler BC1, a voltage reference chip IC2, and an output power limiting resistor R54. The output power limiting resistor R54 is connected in parallel between pins 2 and 3 of the voltage reference chip IC2. Pin 3 of the voltage reference chip IC2 is connected to pin 2 of the optocoupler BC1. A resistor R19 is connected in parallel between pins 1 and 2 of the optocoupler BC1. The constant current circuit is connected between the MCU output and pin 2 of the optocoupler BC1. The voltage limiting circuit is connected between the output of the main output rectifier and filter circuit and pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. The voltage switching circuit is connected between the MCU output and pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. Pin 1 of the optocoupler BC1 is connected to a voltage divider resistor R18 and then to the auxiliary power supply output. Pins 3 and 4 of the optocoupler BC1 are connected in parallel with a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1, and then to the control input of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit. A power limiting resistor R54 was added to the feedback circuit, which is connected in parallel with pins 3 and 2 of the voltage reference chip IC2. When the output changes significantly or interference signals cause abnormal response of the voltage reference chip IC2, resulting in a smaller or no conduction of the voltage reference chip IC2, the power limiting resistor R54 can ensure that the optocoupler BC1 still has a certain current flowing through it, thereby feeding back to the power management chip and limiting the maximum value of the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) output of the power management chip, ultimately effectively preventing the main MOSFET from burning out due to excessive output.

[0027] like Figure 3As shown, the constant current circuit includes a transistor Q5 and an RC integrating circuit. The MCU output is connected to the base of transistor Q5 through the RC integrating circuit, and the collector of transistor Q5 is connected to pin 2 of optocoupler BC1. In this embodiment, the base of transistor Q5 is connected in series with two RC integrating circuits before being connected to the MCU output. The collector of transistor Q5 is first connected to resistor R48 and then to pin 2 of optocoupler BC1. Resistor R46 is connected in parallel between the base and emitter of transistor Q5. The two RC integrating circuits are the RC integrating circuit composed of resistor R4 and capacitor C13 and the RC integrating circuit composed of resistor R33 and capacitor C7, respectively. The emitter of transistor Q5 and the ground terminals of capacitors C13 and C7 are grounded respectively. After sampling the current, the MCU follows the demand (increases PWM for large current, decreases PWM for small current) and outputs a PWM signal through I. This signal passes through an RC integrator circuit composed of R33, C7, R4, and C13, converting the PWM signal into a stable DC voltage that is sent to the base of Q5. This controls the voltage at the collector-emitter junction of Q5. Since R46 + Q5 is connected in parallel with R54, changing the voltage at the collector-emitter junction of transistor Q5 is equivalent to changing the voltage across R54. This changes the current at pins 1 and 2 of the optocoupler BC1, which is then fed back to the power management chip, limiting the maximum value of the PWM output of the power management chip and ultimately achieving constant current.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the voltage limiting circuit includes voltage divider resistors R21, R20, and R25. R21 and R20 are connected in series between the output of the main output rectifier filter circuit and pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. R25 is connected in parallel between pins 1 and 2 of the voltage reference chip IC2. Capacitor C5 is connected in parallel between pins 1 and 3 of the voltage reference chip IC2, and capacitor C6 is also connected in parallel between pins 1 and 2 of the voltage reference chip IC2. The grounding terminals of capacitors C5 and C6 are grounded respectively. The maximum charging voltage DC+ is limited by the voltage divider formed by R20, R21, and R25, which sends the voltage to pin 1 (reference pin) of the voltage reference chip IC2. Due to the characteristics of the voltage reference chip IC2, pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2 will remain at 2.5V. When the output voltage is too high or too low, the voltage at pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2 will be higher than 2.5V, and the conduction of pins 3 and 2 of the voltage reference chip IC2 will increase, and vice versa. The current at pins 1 and 2 of the optocoupler BC1 will also change, thereby feeding back to the power management chip to adjust the PWM limit of the output voltage DC+.

[0029] like Figure 3As shown, the voltage switching circuit includes transistor Q7. The base of transistor Q7 is connected to resistor R104 and then to the MCU output. The collector of transistor Q7 is connected to voltage divider resistors R24 and R99 and then to pin 1 of voltage reference chip IC2. The emitter of transistor Q7 is grounded. The voltage switching circuit also includes transistor Q8. The base of transistor Q8 is connected to resistor R106 and then to the MCU output. The collector of transistor Q8 is connected to voltage divider resistors R102 and R103 and then to pin 1 of voltage reference chip IC2. The emitter of transistor Q8 is grounded. The voltage switching circuit also includes transistor Q9. The base of transistor Q9 is connected to resistor R105 and then to the MCU output. The collector of transistor Q9 is connected to voltage divider resistors R100 and R101 and then to pin 1 of voltage reference chip IC2. The emitter of transistor Q9 is grounded. Voltage switching working principle: When the MCU detects any battery from 12V to 72V, it will output corresponding high or low levels to SCL, SDA, and U according to the pre-set program: When SCL is high, R104+Q7+R24+R99 starts working, and R25 will be connected in parallel with R24+R99, reducing the resistance. In order to maintain the voltage of pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2, the output DC+ value increases; When SDA is high, R105+Q9+R100+R101 starts working, and R25 will be connected in parallel with R100+R101, reducing the resistance. In order to maintain the voltage of pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2, the output DC+ value increases; When U is high, R106+Q8+R102+R103 starts working, and R25 will be connected in parallel with R102+R103, reducing the resistance. In order to maintain the voltage of pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2, the output DC+ value increases.

[0030] In use, first, after plugging in the AC input power (connecting the AC input connector to the mains power), the power is rectified and filtered before being fed into the transformer circuit. Simultaneously, the power chip receives initial power through a voltage divider formed by resistors R7-R9 in the power chip and switching transistor control circuit. The chip can only start after ON_OFF reaches a high level. Next, after connecting the battery (connecting the DC output connector to the battery), the battery voltage is supplied to the MCU via the auxiliary power circuit, resulting in a 5V power supply. The MCU uses VOUT_SENSE to determine the battery voltage specification (12V-72V). After confirming the battery specification, the corresponding LED is illuminated via the display circuit, and then a high-level ON_OFF output is provided to the power chip as a start signal. When the MCU outputs a high level to ON_OFF, BC2 is turned on via R30, pulling the voltage at the control pin of Q1 low. Q1 is then turned off, and the voltage at the FB pin of the power supply chip IC11 is no longer pulled, thus satisfying one of the startup conditions for the power supply chip IC11. The auxiliary power supply's VCC provides power to the power supply chip IC11 via R10, satisfying another startup condition. When both FB and VCC meet the startup conditions, the power supply chip IC11 starts working, outputting a PWM signal from pin 6. This signal, via R11, R42, and D10, provides a switching signal to Q2. When Q2 operates in a high-frequency switching state, the main transformer can transfer energy to the secondary winding, forming the output voltage. The energy is then sent to the main output rectifier and filter circuit through the transformer circuit. The voltage is then divided by resistors R20 and R21 in the feedback circuit, and fed back to the power supply chip via the voltage reference chip IC2 and optocoupler BC1, ultimately achieving the voltage-limited output function. Based on the battery specifications, the MCU sends a control signal into the feedback circuit, which uses transistors Q7, Q8, and Q9 to change the pull-down resistor of the voltage reference chip IC2, thereby changing the output charging voltage. The MCU also sends a control signal into the feedback circuit, which uses Q5 to change the pull-down resistor of the optocoupler BC1 connected in series, thereby changing the output charging current.

[0031] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. The structure of this utility model is not limited to the forms listed in the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage, comprising a charger housing and a charging intelligent control device disposed within the charger housing, wherein an AC input connector and a DC output connector are respectively connected to both ends of the charger housing, and the AC input connector and the DC output connector are respectively connected to the charging intelligent control device, characterized in that, The intelligent charging control device includes an input rectifier and filter circuit, a main transformer circuit, a main output rectifier and filter circuit, a reverse battery connection protection circuit, a power chip + switching transistor control circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, a feedback circuit, a display circuit, an MCU, and a fan. The input terminal of the input rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the AC input terminal connector. The output terminal of the input rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the input terminals of the main transformer circuit and the auxiliary power supply circuit, respectively. The output terminal of the main transformer circuit is connected to the input terminal of the main output rectifier and filter circuit. The output terminal of the auxiliary power supply circuit is connected to the input terminals of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit, the MCU, the feedback circuit, and the fan, respectively. The output terminal of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the main transformer circuit. The output terminal of the MCU is connected to the input terminals of the feedback circuit and the display circuit, respectively. The output terminal of the main output rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the input terminals of the feedback circuit and the reverse battery connection protection circuit, respectively. The output terminal of the feedback circuit is connected to the input terminal of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit, respectively. The output terminal of the reverse battery connection protection circuit is connected to the input terminals of the MCU, the auxiliary power supply circuit, and the DC output terminal connector, respectively.

2. A charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feedback circuit includes a main feedback circuit, a constant current circuit, a voltage limiting circuit, and a voltage switching circuit. The main feedback circuit includes an optocoupler BC1, a voltage reference chip IC2, and an output power limiting resistor R54. The output power limiting resistor R54 is connected in parallel between pins 2 and 3 of the voltage reference chip IC2. Pin 3 of the voltage reference chip IC2 is connected to pin 2 of the optocoupler BC1. The constant current circuit is connected between the MCU output and pin 2 of the optocoupler BC1. The voltage limiting circuit is connected between the output of the main output rectifier and filter circuit and pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. The voltage switching circuit is connected between the MCU output and pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. Pin 1 of the optocoupler BC1 is connected to a voltage divider resistor R18 and then to the 5V auxiliary power supply output. Pins 3 and 4 of the optocoupler BC1 are connected in parallel with a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 and then to the control input of the power chip + switching transistor control circuit.

3. A charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The constant current circuit includes a transistor Q5 and an RC integrating circuit. The MCU output is connected to the base of transistor Q5 through the RC integrating circuit, and the collector of transistor Q5 is connected to pin 2 of optocoupler BC1.

4. A charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The base of transistor Q5 is connected in series with two RC integrator circuits and then connected to the output of the MCU. The collector of transistor Q5 is first connected to resistor R48 and then to pin 2 of optocoupler BC1. The base and emitter of transistor Q5 are connected in parallel with resistor R46.

5. A charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage limiting circuit includes voltage divider resistors R21, R20, and R25. Voltage divider resistors R21 and R20 are connected in series between the output terminal of the main output rectifier filter circuit and pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. Voltage divider resistor R25 is connected in parallel between pin 1 and pin 2 of the voltage reference chip IC2.

6. A charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A capacitor C5 is connected in parallel between pins 1 and 3 of the voltage reference chip IC2, and a capacitor C6 is connected in parallel between pins 1 and 2 of the voltage reference chip IC2.

7. A charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage switching circuit includes a transistor Q7. The base of transistor Q7 is connected to a resistor R104 and then to the output of the MCU. The collector of transistor Q7 is connected to a voltage divider resistor and then to pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. The emitter of transistor Q7 is grounded.

8. A charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The voltage switching circuit also includes a transistor Q8. The base of transistor Q8 is connected to a resistor R106 and then to the output of the MCU. The collector of transistor Q8 is connected to a voltage divider resistor and then to pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. The emitter of transistor Q8 is grounded.

9. A charger capable of adaptively changing charging voltage as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The voltage switching circuit also includes a transistor Q9. The base of transistor Q9 is connected to a resistor R105 and then to the output of the MCU. The collector of transistor Q9 is connected to a voltage divider resistor and then to pin 1 of the voltage reference chip IC2. The emitter of transistor Q9 is grounded.

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