A shelf hydroponic planting structure and a hydroponic planting system

Abstract

This utility model relates to a tiered hydroponic planting structure and system, including a tiered shelf and a ventilation structure. The tiered shelf includes multiple planting positions arranged in an array. The ventilation structure includes a fan, a main pipe, branch pipes, and terminal pipes. The output end of the fan is connected to the input end of the main pipe, and the output end of the main pipe is connected to several branch pipes. Each branch pipe extends horizontally to a group of planting positions located on the same horizontal plane and passes through each planting position sequentially. Each branch pipe is connected to multiple terminal pipes located in each planting position, and each terminal pipe has multiple air outlets. Through the multi-stage ventilation duct design, the airflow is dispersed from the main pipe to the branch pipes of each horizontal layer, and then precisely delivered to each planting position through the terminal pipes. Combined with the spaced arrangement of the air outlets, uniform airflow coverage is achieved in all planting positions, effectively solving the problem of insufficient ventilation in the planting positions. Furthermore, the tiered shelf adopts a modular unit frame design, which is convenient for assembly, maintenance, and expansion, and has high versatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soilless cultivation technology, and in particular to a tiered hydroponic planting structure and hydroponic planting system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the sustained and rapid development of my country's economy, soilless cultivation technology has gradually matured and has been widely applied in agricultural production. In particular, plant factory technology with fully artificial light-controlled environments has developed rapidly in recent years, achieving comprehensive and precise control of environmental factors such as light, temperature, water, nutrients, and carbon dioxide concentration. This breaks through the traditional agricultural dependence on climate and seasons, enabling continuous production of vegetable crops. Among these technologies, vertical tiered hydroponics significantly improves space utilization efficiency through three-dimensional cultivation, resulting in a substantial increase in crop yield per unit area.

[0003] However, in practical applications, especially in multi-layer hydroponic systems, existing systems generally lack effective ventilation design. Problems such as uneven airflow, obstructed carbon dioxide diffusion, and significant temperature and humidity stratification often occur within the plant population, directly affecting photosynthetic and transpiration efficiency and limiting further improvements in yield and quality. Particularly between different shelves and planting positions, existing air supply methods struggle to achieve uniform and controllable airflow coverage, leading to significant differences in local microenvironments. Therefore, a novel structure that can adapt to multi-layer hydroponic architecture and achieve precise, tiered ventilation is urgently needed to optimize the crop growth environment. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome the common lack of effective ventilation design in existing multi-layer hydroponic systems. Problems such as uneven airflow, obstructed carbon dioxide diffusion, and significant temperature and humidity stratification often occur within the plant population, directly affecting photosynthetic and transpiration efficiency and limiting further improvements in yield and quality. Especially between different shelves and planting positions, existing air supply methods struggle to achieve uniform and controllable airflow coverage, leading to significant differences in local microenvironments.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a tiered hydroponic planting structure, including, A shelf, the shelf comprising a plurality of planting positions arranged in an array in a vertical plane; The ventilation structure includes a fan, a main pipe, branch pipes, and terminal pipes. The output end of the fan is connected to the input end of the main pipe. The output end of the main pipe is connected to several branch pipes. Each branch pipe extends horizontally to a group of planting positions located on the same horizontal plane and passes through each planting position in sequence. Each branch pipe is connected to multiple terminal pipes respectively set in each planting position. Each terminal pipe has multiple air outlets.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shelf includes a plurality of unit shelves arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and each unit shelf is provided with a plurality of planting positions arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shelf includes a horizontally arranged top frame and a bottom frame, and a plurality of partitions are vertically connected between the top frame and the bottom frame. Two adjacent partitions form a unit shelf with the top frame and the bottom frame, and a plurality of partitions arranged vertically at intervals are horizontally connected between two adjacent partitions, and a planting position is formed between two adjacent partitions.

[0008] In one embodiment of this utility model, the end tube is horizontally arranged in the planting position, and a plurality of air outlets are respectively vertically opened on one side of the end tube and arranged at intervals along its length.

[0009] In one embodiment of this utility model, the end pipe is connected to the branch pipe via a connecting pipe, and a manual / automatic valve is provided on the connecting pipe.

[0010] In one embodiment of this utility model, a controller is included, which is connected to the fan and each of the manual / automatic valves.

[0011] In one embodiment of this utility model, a plurality of air vent valves are provided, each air vent valve being disposed on a respective air outlet. Each air vent valve includes a valve body, blades, a connecting rod, and a handle. One end of the valve body is coaxially connected to the air outlet. The plurality of blades are rotatably connected to the other end of the valve body via a rotating shaft, and the blades are connected to each other via the connecting rod. One end of any rotating shaft is vertically connected to the handle. The handle has an arc-shaped through groove centered on the rotating shaft it is connected to. At the same time, a limiting rod parallel to the rotating shaft and extending into the through groove is provided on the side of the valve body. A hexagonal nut and a wing nut located on both sides of the handle are screwed onto the limiting rod.

[0012] In one embodiment of this utility model, a wind plate is coaxially disposed in the valve body between the blade and the air outlet, and the wind plate is provided with a plurality of air holes.

[0013] In one embodiment of this utility model, the air holes are randomly arranged circular holes or coaxially arranged annular grooves.

[0014] A hydroponic planting system, comprising a tiered hydroponic planting structure as described in any of the above.

[0015] The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This utility model discloses a tiered hydroponic planting structure and system. Through a multi-stage ventilation duct design, airflow is dispersed from the main pipe to the branch pipes of each horizontal layer, and then precisely delivered to each planting position through the terminal pipe. Combined with the spaced arrangement of air outlets, this achieves uniform airflow coverage across all planting positions, effectively solving the problem of insufficient ventilation in traditional tiered planting positions. Furthermore, the tiered structure adopts a modular unit design, facilitating assembly, maintenance, and expansion. The shelf spacing is adjustable to accommodate crops of different heights, enhancing versatility. The entire tiered hydroponic planting structure, through forced ventilation and precise air control, effectively reduces air humidity within the planting positions, minimizing the risk of disease, while ensuring an ample supply of carbon dioxide, improving photosynthetic efficiency, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing planting quality and yield. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shelf hydroponic planting structure of a preferred embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation structure of the shelf hydroponic planting structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the end tube of the shelf hydroponic planting structure of a preferred embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air vent valve of the shelf hydroponic planting structure of the preferred embodiment of this utility model; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged view of part A of the air vent valve of the tiered hydroponic planting structure shown.

[0017] Instruction manual diagram markings: 1. Shelf; 11. Planting position; 2. Ventilation structure; 21. Fan; 22. Main pipe; 23. Branch pipe; 24. Terminal pipe; 241. Air outlet; 25. Connecting pipe; 26. Manual / automatic valve; 3. Controller; 4. Air outlet valve; 41. Valve body; 42. Blade; 43. Connecting rod; 44. Handle; 441. Through groove; 45. Rotating shaft; 46. Limiting rod; 47. Hexagonal nut; 48. Wing nut; 49. Air vane. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] Example 1, refer to Figures 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides a tiered hydroponic planting structure, comprising: Shelf 1, which includes multiple planting positions 11 arranged in an array in a vertical plane; Ventilation structure 2 includes a fan 21, a main pipe 22, branch pipes 23 and terminal pipes 24. The output end of the fan 21 is connected to the input end of the main pipe 22. The output end of the main pipe 22 is connected to several branch pipes 23. Each branch pipe 23 extends horizontally to a group of planting positions 11 located on the same horizontal plane and passes through each planting position 11 in sequence. Each branch pipe 23 is connected to multiple terminal pipes 24 respectively set in each planting position 11. Each terminal pipe 24 has multiple air outlets 241.

[0020] This utility model discloses a tiered hydroponic planting structure. Through a multi-stage ventilation duct design, airflow is dispersed from the main pipe 22 to the branch pipes 23 of each horizontal layer, and then precisely delivered to each planting position 11 through the terminal pipe 24. With the spaced arrangement of the air outlets 241, uniform airflow coverage is achieved in all planting positions 11, effectively solving the problem of insufficient ventilation in the planting positions. Furthermore, through the dual control structure of the manual / automatic valve 26 and the air outlet valve 4, the overall airflow of a single planting position 11 can be adjusted and the airflow of a single air outlet 241 can be fine-tuned. At the same time, the addition of the controller 3 enables automated management of the ventilation system. Staff can flexibly adjust the ventilation volume according to the crop variety, growth stage, and environmental parameters to meet the growth needs of different crops. Meanwhile, the tiered shelf 1 adopts a modular unit shelf design, which is convenient for assembly, maintenance, and expansion. The shelf spacing is adjustable to accommodate crops of different heights, improving versatility. The entire tiered hydroponic planting structure effectively reduces the air humidity within planting position 11 through forced ventilation and precise wind control, thereby reducing the risk of disease occurrence. At the same time, it ensures an adequate supply of carbon dioxide, improves photosynthetic efficiency, and thus promotes crop growth, improving planting quality and yield.

[0021] Specifically, each planting position 11 is used to hold a hydroponic tray, in which leafy vegetables are planted. Each planting position 11 is equipped with an LED plant light to provide the light required for plant growth. The light fixtures are configured with appropriate light intensity and spectrum according to the needs of leafy vegetable growth, effectively promoting plant photosynthesis.

[0022] The ventilation structure 2 is used to deliver controllable airflow to each planting position 11. It includes a fan 21, a main pipe 22, several branch pipes 23, and several terminal pipes 24. The fan 21 serves as the air source, and its output end is connected to the input end of the main pipe 22. The main pipe 22 is usually arranged vertically to facilitate the connection and arrangement of the branch pipes 23. Each branch pipe 23 is responsible for supplying air to all planting positions 11 on the same level. As each branch pipe 23 extends, it passes through each planting position 11 on that level in sequence and is connected to a terminal pipe 24 at the corresponding planting position 11 via a connecting pipe 25. The terminal pipes 24 are placed horizontally in the planting positions 11, and multiple air vents 241 are vertically arranged at intervals on the side of each terminal pipe 24 facing the plant.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the shelf 1 further includes multiple horizontally arranged unit shelves, each unit shelf having multiple vertically spaced planting positions 11. Specifically, to facilitate the assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the shelf 1, the shelf 1 is designed as a structure comprising multiple horizontally arranged unit shelves, each unit shelf having multiple vertically spaced planting positions 11. Through the modular design of the unit shelves, the overall length and number of planting positions of the shelf 1 can be flexibly adjusted according to planting needs. Furthermore, if a single unit shelf malfunctions, it can be repaired individually without complete disassembly, reducing maintenance costs.

[0024] Furthermore, the shelf 1 includes a horizontally arranged top frame and a bottom frame. Multiple dividers are vertically connected between the top and bottom frames. Two adjacent dividers, together with the top and bottom frames, form a unit shelf. Multiple vertically spaced partitions are horizontally connected between two adjacent dividers, forming a planting space 11 between adjacent partitions. This structural design, through the combination of frames and partitions, not only ensures the structural stability of the shelf 1 but also allows for adjustment of the partition spacing to accommodate hydroponic crops of different heights, thus enhancing the structural versatility.

[0025] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, further, the terminal pipe 24 is horizontally positioned in the planting position 11, and multiple air outlets 241 are vertically opened on one side of the terminal pipe 24 and arranged at intervals along its length. To optimize the airflow distribution within the planting position 11, the terminal pipe 24 is horizontally positioned in the planting position 11. The horizontally positioned terminal pipe 24 can be distributed parallel to the crops within the planting position 11, while the air outlets 241 are arranged at intervals along the length direction. This ensures that the airflow is evenly blown out along the length of the planting position 11, avoiding localized airflow concentration or leakage, and ensuring that all crops within the same planting position 11 receive a stable air supply.

[0026] Furthermore, the terminal pipe 24 is connected to the branch pipe via a connecting pipe 25, and a manual / automatic valve 26 is installed on the connecting pipe 25. With the manual / automatic valve 26, the operator can manually adjust the valve opening according to the growth stage of the crops in different planting positions 11 (such as low air volume required for seedlings and high air volume required for mature plants) or the differences in crop varieties; at the same time, the configuration of the automatic valve also lays the foundation for subsequent intelligent control and improves the ease of operation.

[0027] Furthermore, a controller 3 is included, which is connected to the fan 21 and each manual / automatic valve 26. Specifically, the controller 3 can automatically adjust the speed of the fan 21 (controlling the total air volume) and the opening degree of each manual / automatic valve 26 (controlling the ventilation volume of a single planting position) according to a preset program or signals fed back from external sensors (such as humidity sensors and carbon dioxide sensors). For example, when the humidity of a certain planting position is higher than a set threshold, the controller 3 can increase the opening degree of the corresponding manual / automatic valve 26 to increase the ventilation volume of that layer, thereby achieving precise and intelligent environmental control.

[0028] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it further includes an air outlet valve 4. Multiple air outlet valves 4 are provided, and each air outlet valve 4 is respectively provided on each air outlet 241. Each air outlet valve 4 includes a valve body 41, blades 42, connecting rods 43 and handles 44. One end of the valve body 41 is coaxially connected to the air outlet 241. Multiple blades 42 are rotatably connected to the other end of the valve body 41 through a rotating shaft 45, and the blades 42 are connected to each other through the connecting rods 43. One end of any rotating shaft 45 is vertically connected to a handle 44. The handle 44 has an arc-shaped through groove 441 centered on the rotating shaft 45 it is connected to. At the same time, a limiting rod 46 parallel to the rotating shaft 45 and extending into the through groove is provided on the side of the valve body 41. Hexagonal nuts 47 and wing nuts 48 located on both sides of the handle 44 are screwed onto the limiting rod 46. Specifically, by rotating the handle 44, the operator can drive the connected shaft 45 and blades 42 to rotate. Simultaneously, the connecting rod 43 drives the other blades 42 to rotate synchronously, thereby adjusting the gap between the blades 42 and fine-tuning the airflow at the outlet. After adjusting to the appropriate airflow, tightening the butterfly nut 48 and hexagonal nut 47 secures the handle 44, thus maintaining a stable opening angle for the blades 42. This air outlet valve 4 has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can flexibly adjust the airflow at a single outlet 241 according to the specific growth state of the crop (e.g., reducing the opening of the air outlet for fragile crops), further improving the precision of ventilation.

[0029] Furthermore, a wind vane 49 is coaxially disposed within the valve body 41, located between the blade 42 and the air outlet 241. The wind vane 49 has several air holes. Specifically, to prevent airflow from directly damaging the crops, a wind vane 49 is coaxially disposed within the valve body 41, located between the blade 42 and the air outlet 241. The wind vane 49 has several air holes. The wind vane 49 buffers and disperses the passing airflow, creating a softer, more uniform airflow curtain after passing through the air holes before blowing onto the crops. This ensures effective ventilation while reducing the physical damage to the crops from strong airflow.

[0030] Furthermore, the air holes are randomly arranged round holes or coaxially arranged annular grooves, but are not limited to the above structural forms. Different air hole structures can be selected for the air plate 49 according to actual planting needs.

[0031] Example 2: This utility model also discloses a hydroponic planting system, including the tiered hydroponic planting structure as in Example 1.

[0032] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A tiered hydroponic planting structure, characterized in that: include, A shelf, the shelf comprising a plurality of planting positions arranged in an array in a vertical plane; The ventilation structure includes a fan, a main pipe, branch pipes, and terminal pipes. The output end of the fan is connected to the input end of the main pipe. The output end of the main pipe is connected to several branch pipes. Each branch pipe extends horizontally to a group of planting positions located on the same horizontal plane and passes through each planting position in sequence. Each branch pipe is connected to multiple terminal pipes respectively set in each planting position. Each terminal pipe has multiple air outlets.

2. The tiered hydroponic planting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shelf includes multiple unit shelves arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and each unit shelf is provided with multiple planting positions arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.

3. The tiered hydroponic planting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shelf includes a horizontally arranged top frame and a bottom frame. Multiple partitions are vertically connected between the top frame and the bottom frame. Two adjacent partitions form a unit shelf with the top frame and the bottom frame. Multiple vertically spaced partitions are horizontally connected between two adjacent partitions, and a planting position is formed between two adjacent partitions.

4. The tiered hydroponic planting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end pipe is horizontally positioned in the planting location, and multiple air outlets are vertically opened on one side of the end pipe and arranged at intervals along its length.

5. The tiered hydroponic planting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal pipe is connected to the branch pipe via a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is equipped with a manual / automatic valve.

6. The tiered hydroponic planting structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: It includes a controller, which is connected to the fan and each of the manual / automatic valves.

7. The tiered hydroponic planting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes multiple air vent valves, each of which is disposed on a separate air outlet. Each air vent valve includes a valve body, blades, a connecting rod, and a handle. One end of the valve body is coaxially connected to the air outlet. Multiple blades are rotatably connected to the other end of the valve body via a rotating shaft, and the blades are connected to each other via the connecting rod. One end of any rotating shaft is vertically connected to the handle. The handle has an arc-shaped through groove centered on the rotating shaft it is connected to. A limiting rod parallel to the rotating shaft and extending into the through groove is disposed on the side of the valve body. A hexagonal nut and a wing nut are screwed onto the limiting rod, respectively located on both sides of the handle.

8. The tiered hydroponic planting structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The valve body also has a wind plate coaxially arranged between the blade and the air outlet, and the wind plate has several air holes.

9. The tiered hydroponic planting structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air vents are either randomly arranged circular holes or coaxially arranged annular grooves.

10. A hydroponic planting system, characterized in that: Includes the tiered hydroponic planting structure as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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