An ultra-high temperature resistant aerosol filtration device

Abstract

This utility model relates to an ultra-high temperature resistant aerosol filtration device, aiming to solve the technical problem of low filtration efficiency caused by the current filtration devices using single-layer or simple multi-layer stacked filtration structures, which are prone to large particles clogging the filter media pores and small-diameter particles penetrating and escaping. The device includes: a filtration mechanism, located in the inner cavity of a housing, for filtering high-temperature aerosols; the filtration mechanism is composed of a coarse filter layer, a transition layer, and a fine filter layer connected sequentially from bottom to top, with connecting frames fixedly connected to the outer sides of each of the coarse filter layer, transition layer, and fine filter layer; and a connecting mechanism, located between adjacent layers of the coarse filter layer, transition layer, and fine filter layer, for connecting the layers. This utility model avoids the problems of large particle clogging and small particle escape caused by traditional single-layer or uniform pore structures, significantly improving filtration efficiency and dust holding capacity, and preventing the filter media from softening, deforming, or corroding at high temperatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aerosol filtration technology, specifically to an ultra-high temperature resistant aerosol filtration device. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industrial production, such as steel smelting, waste incineration, chemical reactions, and nuclear power, high-temperature aerosol filtration is crucial for ensuring production safety and reducing environmental pollution. Traditional aerosol filtration devices primarily use fiber filter media or ceramic filter elements, achieving particle separation through interception, inertial impaction, and diffusion. However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings in practical applications.

[0003] Traditional filtration devices employ single-layer or simple multi-layer stacked filter structures with uniform pore distribution. This structure struggles to achieve graded filtration when dealing with high-temperature aerosols with a wide particle size range. Large particles easily clog the filter media pores, while small particles penetrate and escape, resulting in low filtration efficiency. Furthermore, traditional devices often use silicone rubber or asbestos for sealing. At high temperatures (above 300°C), silicone rubber ages rapidly and loses elasticity, while asbestos poses health risks and cannot meet the requirements for long-term stable operation. Therefore, new technical solutions are needed to address these issues. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, adapt to practical needs, and provide an ultra-high temperature resistant aerosol filtration device to solve the technical problem that current filtration devices use single-layer or simple multi-layer stacked filtration structures, which easily lead to large particles clogging the pores of the filter media and small-diameter particles penetrating and escaping, resulting in low filtration efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of this utility model, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A high-temperature resistant aerosol filtration device is designed, comprising: The filtration mechanism is located inside the housing and is used for filtering high-temperature aerosols. The filtration mechanism consists of a coarse filter layer, a transition layer and a fine filter layer connected sequentially from bottom to top, and the outer sides of the coarse filter layer, the transition layer and the fine filter layer are all fixedly connected with connecting frames. A connecting mechanism is located between adjacent layers of the coarse filter layer, transition layer and fine filter layer to achieve interconnection between the layers. The sealing mechanism is used to improve the sealing effect of the connection between the coarse filter layer, the transition layer and the fine filter layer. Through the synergistic effect of the connection mechanism and the sealing mechanism, it ensures that each filter layer is firmly connected and well sealed, so that high-temperature aerosols can pass through the coarse filter layer, the transition layer and the fine filter layer in sequence, thus meeting the high-efficiency filtration requirements for high-temperature aerosols.

[0006] Preferably, the coarse filter layer is a metal fiber sintered felt, and the pore size of the metal fiber sintered felt is 30 μm.

[0007] Preferably, the transition layer is a ceramic fiber needle-punched felt with a pore size of 10 μm.

[0008] Preferably, the fine filtration layer is a gradient pore ceramic membrane with a pore size of 0.5 μm, and the gradient pore ceramic membrane is integrally made of silane-bonded silicon carbide material.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes; Dovetail groove, located on the surface of the fixed frame on the coarse filter layer and the transition layer; The dovetail block is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed frame on the transition layer and the fine filter layer, and the dovetail block corresponds to and is adapted to the dovetail groove.

[0010] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes an expanded graphite sealing ring fixedly connected to the outside of the dovetail block and fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame near the dovetail groove.

[0011] Preferably, both the top and bottom ends of the box are open, and each of the openings at both ends of the box is provided with a sealing plate. The middle part of the two sealing plates is respectively connected to an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe. A first fixing bolt passes through the sealing plate and is threadedly connected to the surface of the box.

[0012] Preferably, mounting plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed frame on the coarse filter layer and the fixed frame on the fine filter layer at the ends away from the transition layer. A second fixing bolt passes through the mounting plate and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the housing.

[0013] Preferably, a blower is provided on one side of the box, and air inlets are provided at both ends of the inner cavity of the box, with the air inlets inclined and opposite to the exhaust pipe. Covers are fixedly connected to both ends of the outer side of the box, and the covers are fitted outside the air inlets, with the inner cavity of the covers communicating with the air inlets. An air guide pipe is connected between the blower and the covers.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. Gradient filtration structure: Through a three-layer composite structure with different materials and pore sizes, aerosols are filtered in stages, avoiding the problems of large particle clogging and small particle escape caused by traditional single-layer or uniform pore structures, and significantly improving filtration efficiency and dust holding capacity.

[0015] 2. High-temperature resistant material system: Metal fiber sintered felt (coarse filter layer) provides mechanical support and high-temperature stability, ceramic fiber needle-punched felt (transition layer) enhances interception capacity, and silane-bonded silicon carbide gradient membrane (fine filter layer) can withstand high temperatures of 1000℃ and maintain structural integrity, solving the problems of softening, deformation or corrosion of traditional filter media at high temperatures.

[0016] 3. Modular design: Each filter layer is independently encapsulated by a connecting frame, which facilitates maintenance and replacement and extends the overall service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the filter mechanism structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is an exploded view showing the connection of each filter layer in this utility model; Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of section A of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Fine filter layer; 2. Fixing frame; 21. Mounting plate; 22. Second fixing bolt; 3. Transition layer; 4. Coarse filter layer; 5. Dovetail block; 51. Dovetail groove; 6. Expanded graphite sealing ring; 7. Box body; 71. Sealing plate; 72. First fixing bolt; 73. Exhaust pipe; 74. Inlet pipe; 8. Blower; 81. Air guide pipe; 82. Cover; 83. Air inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example 1: A high-temperature resistant aerosol filtration device, see [link to example]. Figures 1 to 5 ,include: A filtration mechanism, located inside the housing 7, is used for filtering high-temperature aerosols. The filtration mechanism consists of a coarse filter layer 4, a transition layer 3, and a fine filter layer 1 connected sequentially from bottom to top. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of each of the coarse filter layer 4, the transition layer 3, and the fine filter layer 1. The coarse filter layer 4 is a metal fiber sintered felt with a pore size of 30 μm. The transition layer 3 is a ceramic fiber needle-punched felt with a pore size of 10 μm. The fine filter layer 1 is a gradient pore ceramic membrane with a pore size of 0.5 μm. The gradient pore ceramic membrane is integrally made of silane-bonded silicon carbide material. A connecting mechanism is provided between adjacent layers of the coarse filter layer 4, the transition layer 3 and the fine filter layer 1 to realize the interconnection between the layers. The sealing mechanism is used to improve the sealing effect of the connection between the coarse filter layer 4, the transition layer 3 and the fine filter layer 1. Through the synergistic effect of the connection mechanism and the sealing mechanism, the filter layers are firmly connected and well sealed, so that high-temperature aerosols can pass through the coarse filter layer 4, the transition layer 3 and the fine filter layer 1 in sequence, thus meeting the high-efficiency filtration requirements for high-temperature aerosols.

[0020] This device, through its filtration, connection, and sealing mechanisms, achieves the following during use: Gradient filtration structure: Through a three-layer composite structure with different materials and pore sizes, aerosols are filtered in stages, avoiding the problems of large particle clogging and small particle escape caused by traditional single-layer or uniform pore structures, and significantly improving filtration efficiency and dust holding capacity.

[0021] High-temperature resistant material system: Metal fiber sintered felt (coarse filter layer 4) provides mechanical support and high-temperature stability, ceramic fiber needle-punched felt (transition layer 3) enhances interception capacity, and silane-bonded silicon carbide gradient membrane (fine filter layer 1) can withstand high temperature of 1000℃ and maintain structural integrity, solving the problem of softening, deformation or corrosion of traditional filter materials at high temperatures.

[0022] Modular design: Each filter layer is independently encapsulated by a connecting frame, which facilitates maintenance and replacement and extends the overall service life of the device.

[0023] For details, see Figure 5 The connecting mechanism includes: a dovetail groove 51, which is disposed on the surface of the fixed frame 2 on the coarse filter layer 4 and the transition layer 3; and a dovetail block 5, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed frame 2 on the transition layer 3 and the fine filter layer 1. The dovetail block 5 corresponds to and is adapted to the dovetail groove 51. The dovetail groove 51 and the dovetail block 5 cooperate to provide radial and axial bidirectional positioning, ensuring the stable connection of the filter layer under high temperature and vibration environment, avoiding the loosening problem caused by thermal expansion and contraction of traditional bolt connections. In addition, the dovetail structure automatically guides each layer to be precisely aligned during installation, ensuring the consistency of the aerosol flow path and reducing the risk of local short circuits.

[0024] Further, see Figure 5 The sealing mechanism includes an expanded graphite sealing ring 6 fixedly connected to the outside of the dovetail block 5 and fixedly connected to the side of the fixed frame 2 near the dovetail groove 51. After each filter layer is installed, the expanded graphite is pre-compressed at room temperature and expands in volume to fill the gap at high temperature (>300℃), forming a sealing pressure of ≥2MPa. This solves the problem of aging and failure of traditional silicone rubber seals at high temperatures. Moreover, the expanded graphite sealing ring 6 is directly integrated into the connection structure, avoiding bypass leakage of aerosols between filter layers and ensuring that aerosol gas flows through all filter levels, thereby improving the overall purification efficiency.

[0025] It is worth noting that, see Figure 2The housing 7 has openings at both the top and bottom. Each opening at both ends of the housing 7 is equipped with a sealing plate 71. The middle part of the two sealing plates 71 is connected to an air inlet pipe 74 and an exhaust pipe 73, respectively. A first fixing bolt 72 passes through the sealing plate 71 and is threaded to the surface of the housing 7. The "bottom inlet, top outlet" method facilitates full contact between the aerosol and the filtration mechanism, thereby improving the aerosol filtration effect. Furthermore, the first fixing bolt 72 allows for quick opening of the sealing plate 71 during maintenance, reducing downtime and improving production continuity.

[0026] It is worth noting that, see Figure 3 Mounting plates 21 are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed frame 2 on the coarse filter layer 4 and the fixed frame 2 on the fine filter layer 1 away from the transition layer 3. A second fixing bolt 22 passes through the mounting plate 21 and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 7. The setting of the second fixing bolt 22 facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the filter mechanism inside the housing 7, and facilitates the maintenance of the filter mechanism.

[0027] It is worth mentioning that, see Figure 1 and 2 A blower 8 is provided on one side of the housing 7. Air inlets 83 are provided at both ends of the inner cavity of the housing 7, and the air inlets 83 are inclined and opposite to the exhaust pipe 73. Covers 82 are fixedly connected to both ends of the outer side of the housing 7. The covers 82 are fitted on the outside of the air inlets 83, and the inner cavity of the covers 82 is connected to the air inlets 83. An air guide pipe 81 is connected between the blower 8 and the covers 82. During the filtration process, the blower 8 is started, and the airflow generated is transmitted through the air guide pipe 81 and blown at high speed from the inclined air inlets 83 to the top of the filtration mechanism, and discharged from the exhaust pipe 73. This quickly drives the air above to form a strong convection. The rapid air flow causes a stable negative pressure to be generated below the filtration mechanism, which is like a suction force. This forcefully pulls the aerosol to accelerate through the filtration mechanism, allowing the aerosol to come into contact with the filter material more efficiently under the negative pressure, significantly improving the filtration efficiency and achieving faster and more complete purification of high-temperature aerosols.

[0028] During operation, high-temperature aerosols enter the chamber 7 through the inlet pipe 74. Based on the "bottom in, top out" design, they first come into contact with the coarse filter layer 4 made of sintered metal fiber felt, where large aerosol particles are initially intercepted, relieving the pressure on subsequent filtration. Subsequently, aerosols carrying smaller particles enter the ceramic fiber needle-punched felt transition layer 3, where medium-sized particles are further removed. Finally, the remaining tiny aerosol particles reach the gradient pore ceramic membrane fine filter layer 1 made of silane-bonded silicon carbide, completing fine filtration. The purified gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 73. During the filtration process, the connecting mechanism formed by the dovetail groove 51 and the dovetail block 5 firmly fixes each filter layer, ensuring structural stability under high-temperature vibration and preventing loosening due to thermal expansion and contraction. The expanded graphite sealing ring 6 is pre-compressed at room temperature and automatically expands at high temperature, forming a sealing pressure of ≥2MPa to prevent aerosol leakage and ensure that it flows fully through all filter stages. At the same time, when it is necessary to improve the filtration efficiency, the blower 8 is started, and the airflow is blown at high speed through the air guide pipe 81 and the inclined air inlet 83 to the top of the filter mechanism, forming a strong convection at the top of the housing 7, which in turn generates a stable negative pressure below the filter mechanism. This negative pressure acts like suction, accelerating the aerosol through the filter mechanism, allowing the aerosol to come into more full contact with the filter material, significantly improving the overall filtration efficiency, and achieving highly efficient purification of high-temperature aerosols.

[0029] In addition, all components designed in this utility model are general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structure and principle can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. Those skilled in the art can fully implement them, so there is no need to elaborate. The content protected by this utility model does not involve improvements to the internal structure and method.

[0030] The embodiments disclosed herein are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can readily grasp the spirit of this utility model based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations. However, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this utility model, they are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-temperature resistant aerosol filtration device, characterized in that, include: The filtration mechanism is located in the inner cavity of the box (7) and is used for filtering high temperature aerosols. The filtration mechanism consists of a coarse filter layer (4), a transition layer (3) and a fine filter layer (1) connected sequentially from bottom to top. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the coarse filter layer (4), the transition layer (3) and the fine filter layer (1). A connecting mechanism is provided between adjacent layers of the coarse filter layer (4), the transition layer (3) and the fine filter layer (1) to realize the interconnection between the layers. The connecting mechanism includes: Dovetail groove (51) is provided on the surface of the fixed frame (2) on the coarse filter layer (4) and the transition layer (3); The dovetail block (5) is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed frame (2) on the transition layer (3) and the fine filter layer (1), and the dovetail block (5) corresponds to and is adapted to the dovetail groove (51); The sealing mechanism is used to improve the sealing effect of the connection between the coarse filter layer (4), the transition layer (3) and the fine filter layer (1). Through the synergistic effect of the connection mechanism and the sealing mechanism, the filter layers are firmly connected and well sealed so that the high-temperature aerosol can pass through the coarse filter layer (4), the transition layer (3) and the fine filter layer (1) in sequence, which meets the high-efficiency filtration requirements for high-temperature aerosol. The sealing mechanism includes an expanded graphite sealing ring (6) fixedly connected to the outside of the dovetail block (5) and fixedly connected to the side of the fixed frame (2) near the dovetail groove (51).

2. The ultra-high temperature resistant aerosol filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse filter layer (4) is a metal fiber sintered felt with a pore size of 30 μm.

3. The ultra-high temperature resistant aerosol filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transition layer (3) is a ceramic fiber needle-punched felt with a pore size of 10 μm.

4. The ultra-high temperature resistant aerosol filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fine filtration layer (1) is a gradient pore ceramic membrane with a pore size of 0.5 μm. The gradient pore ceramic membrane is integrally made of silane-bonded silicon carbide material.

5. The ultra-high temperature resistant aerosol filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The box (7) has openings at both the top and bottom. Each opening at both ends of the box (7) is provided with a sealing plate (71). The middle part of the two sealing plates (71) is connected to an air inlet pipe (74) and an exhaust pipe (73), respectively. A first fixing bolt (72) passes through the sealing plate (71) and is threaded to the surface of the box (7).

6. The ultra-high temperature resistant aerosol filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed frame (2) on the coarse filter layer (4) and the fixed frame (2) on the fine filter layer (1) are both fixedly connected to the two sides of the end away from the transition layer (3) with mounting plates (21). The mounting plate (21) has a second fixing bolt (22) through it, and the second fixing bolt (22) is threaded to the inner wall of the box (7).

7. The ultra-high temperature resistant aerosol filtration device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A blower (8) is provided on one side of the housing (7). An air inlet (83) is provided at both ends of the inner cavity of the housing (7), and the air inlet (83) is inclined and opposite to the exhaust pipe (73). A cover (82) is fixedly connected to both ends of the outer side of the housing (7). The cover (82) is sleeved on the outside of the air inlet (83), and the inner cavity of the cover (82) is connected to the air inlet (83). An air guide pipe (81) is connected between the blower (8) and the cover (82).

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