A jaw crusher for refractory material processing

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of crusher technology and discloses a jaw crusher for refractory material processing, including a crushing assembly. The crushing assembly includes a frame, an eccentric shaft mounted at one end of the frame, a transmission assembly on one side of the eccentric shaft, a screening chamber on the side of the frame away from the eccentric shaft, a screening assembly inside the screening chamber, a fixed jaw plate inside the frame, and a movable jaw body mounted on the eccentric shaft. The surface of the movable jaw body is provided with a movable jaw plate. This utility model, through the cooperation of the crushing assembly and the screening assembly, pre-screens out fine powder, reducing outlet blockage. A pressure sensor detects blockage, and a hydraulic lifting column, in conjunction with a clearing plate and a clearing head, achieves automatic clearing of blockages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crusher technology, specifically to a jaw crusher for processing refractory materials. Background Technology

[0002] Jaw crushers are common crushing equipment widely used in mining, metallurgy, building materials, highways, water conservancy, and many other fields for crushing various materials. In the refractory material processing field, jaw crushers are mainly used for the preliminary crushing of refractory raw materials to meet the particle size requirements of subsequent processing techniques. Traditional jaw crushers typically consist of a crushing chamber composed of two jaw plates: a moving jaw plate and a stationary jaw plate, mimicking the jaw movements of an animal to complete the material crushing operation.

[0003] For example, Chinese Patent Application No. 2024105434829 discloses a jaw crusher for refractory material production, including a main frame. An embedded groove is provided on one side of the inner wall of the main frame near the top. When the device is feeding material, some of the raw material falls onto the arc-shaped guide plate and slides down along the arc surface of the arc-shaped guide plate between the moving jaw plate and the stationary jaw plate for crushing. This effectively prevents the raw material from falling onto the top of the stationary jaw plate and accumulating, reducing material waste. However, it is prone to clogging during crushing and has low efficiency.

[0004] Based on the above solutions, existing jaw crushers are prone to clogging the discharge port during the crushing process because high-hardness refractory materials (such as high-alumina and magnesia) easily generate a large amount of fine powder. Refractory materials are composed of a mixture of powder and solids, resulting in uneven particle size. If the refractory materials contain too much moisture, they are prone to adhering and clogging the discharge port, making them difficult to clean. Furthermore, existing jaw crushers cannot adjust the feed rate in a timely manner according to the crushing degree of the jaw crusher, leading to overload or idling of the crusher. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a jaw crusher for processing refractory materials to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a jaw crusher for refractory material processing, which adopts the following technical solution: The device includes a crushing assembly, which includes a frame. An eccentric shaft is mounted at one end of the frame. A transmission assembly is provided on one side of the eccentric shaft. A screening chamber is provided on the side of the frame away from the eccentric shaft. A screening assembly is provided inside the screening chamber. The frame is equipped with a fixed jaw plate, and the eccentric shaft is fitted with a movable jaw body. The surface of the movable jaw body is provided with a movable jaw plate. The screening assembly includes a positioning frame, which is located on one side of the fixed jaw plate. A screening plate is located above the positioning frame. A hydraulic lifting column is mounted on the positioning frame. A support cylinder is hinged below the screening plate. A clearing plate is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the positioning frame. Multiple clearing heads are provided on the surface of the clearing plate.

[0007] Preferably, an elbow plate is provided on one side of the movable jaw body, and a mounting bracket is provided at one end of the frame. A pull rod spring is mounted on the mounting bracket, and one end of the pull rod spring is connected to the elbow plate.

[0008] Preferably, a rotating shaft is provided on both sides of the screening plate, the screening plate is movably connected to the screening chamber through the rotating shaft, and a plurality of screening holes are provided on the surface of the screening plate; A limiting seat is provided on one side of the screening chamber, and the limiting seat is located at one end of the screening plate.

[0009] Preferably, the support cylinder has a groove inside that is compatible with the hydraulic lifting column, and a buffer spring is provided inside the support cylinder, with one end of the buffer spring fixedly connected to the hydraulic lifting column.

[0010] Preferably, guide rods are provided on both sides of the hydraulic lifting column, the guide rods are fixedly mounted on the positioning frame, the surface of the guide rods is provided with guide slides, the surface of the hydraulic lifting column is provided with a movable frame, and the movable frame is located below the guide slides.

[0011] Preferably, a tension spring is provided on the surface of the guide slide, and the end of the tension spring away from the guide slide is fixedly connected to the unblocking plate, and the tension spring is inclinedly disposed on the unblocking plate.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a pulley and a drive pulley, the surfaces of the pulley and the drive pulley are provided with a transmission belt, the pulley is disposed at one end of the eccentric shaft, and a flywheel is disposed at the end of the eccentric shaft away from the pulley.

[0013] Preferably, a drive motor is provided on one side of the drive pulley, and a support base is provided below the drive motor, with one end of the support base fixedly connected to the screening chamber.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the jaw crusher for refractory material processing provided by this utility model are: 1. This utility model achieves preliminary screening before crushing by setting up a screening bin and screening plate, avoiding powder blockage. The tilt angle of the screening plate is adjusted in real time by hydraulic lifting column, thereby controlling the material falling speed and feed rate, and avoiding overload or idling.

[0015] 2. This utility model uses a pressure sensor to detect blockages, and a hydraulic lifting column, together with a blockage-clearing plate and a blockage-clearing head, achieves automatic blockage clearing. The tension spring, guide rod, and guide slide work together to achieve rapid vibration and impact of the blockage-clearing plate. During blockage clearing, the vibration of the screening plate can also perform secondary impact crushing on the material, thereby improving the yield. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become readily understood by reading the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown by way of example and not limitation, and like or corresponding reference numerals denote like or corresponding parts, wherein: Figure 1 This is a first-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a second-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a third-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the screening chamber of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the frame of this utility model; Figure 6 In this utility model Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 7 In this utility model Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Crushing assembly; 101. Frame; 102. Fixed jaw plate; 103. Eccentric shaft; 104. Movable jaw body; 105. Movable jaw plate; 106. Screening chamber; 107. Limit seat; 108. Toggle plate; 109. Mounting frame; 110. Tie rod spring; 2. Transmission assembly; 201. Pulley; 202. Drive pulley; 203. Transmission belt; 204. Flywheel; 205. Drive motor; 206. Support seat; 3. Screening assembly; 301. Positioning frame; 302. Screening plate; 303. Support cylinder; 304. Hydraulic lifting column; 305. Moving frame; 306. Buffer spring; 307. Unblocking plate; 308. Unblocking head; 309. Guide rod; 310. Guide slide; 311. Tension spring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described below are only some, not all, of the embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0019] The number of any elements in the accompanying drawings is for illustrative purposes only and not as a limitation, and any naming is for distinction only and has no limiting meaning.

[0020] The principles and spirit of this utility model will be explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments.

[0021] An embodiment of a jaw crusher for refractory material processing provided by this utility model: like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the device includes a crushing assembly 1, which includes a frame 101. An eccentric shaft 103 is mounted on one end of the frame 101. A transmission assembly 2 is provided on one side of the eccentric shaft 103. A screening chamber 106 is provided on the side of the frame 101 away from the eccentric shaft 103. A screening assembly 3 is provided inside the screening chamber 106.

[0022] It is worth noting that the frame 101 is a welded steel plate box structure. An eccentric shaft 103 is installed at the front end. The two ends of the eccentric shaft 103 are supported in the bearing seats of the frame 101 by double-row self-aligning roller bearings. The rear end extends out to the screening chamber 106, which is welded to the frame 101 as a whole, forming a closed cavity inside to prevent refractory powder from escaping.

[0023] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, a fixed jaw plate 102 is provided inside the frame 101, and a movable jaw body 104 is mounted on the eccentric shaft 103. A movable jaw plate 105 is provided on the surface of the movable jaw body 104, and a "V" shaped crushing chamber is formed between the movable jaw plate 105 and the fixed jaw plate 102.

[0024] A toggle plate 108 is provided on one side of the movable jaw body 104, and a mounting bracket 109 is provided at one end of the frame 101. A tension spring 110 is mounted on the mounting bracket 109. One end of the tension spring 110 is connected to the toggle plate 108. The tension spring 110 provides the preload required for the crushing chamber and plays an overload protection role.

[0025] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the transmission assembly 2 includes a pulley 201 and a drive pulley 202. A transmission belt 203 is provided on the surface of the pulley 201 and the drive pulley 202. The pulley 201 is located at one end of the eccentric shaft 103. A flywheel 204 is provided at the end of the eccentric shaft 103 away from the pulley 201. A drive motor 205 is provided on one side of the drive pulley 202. A support base 206 is provided below the drive motor 205. One end of the support base 206 is fixedly connected to the screening chamber 106.

[0026] When in use, start the drive motor 205, which drives the drive pulley 202 to rotate. Under the action of the transmission belt 203, the pulley 201 rotates, thereby causing the eccentric shaft 103 to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric shaft 103 causes the movable jaw 104 and the movable jaw plate 105 to reciprocate back and forth and up and down together.

[0027] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the screening assembly 3 includes a positioning frame 301, which is located on one side of the fixed jaw plate 102. A screening plate 302 is located above the positioning frame 301. A hydraulic lifting column 304 is mounted on the positioning frame 301. A support cylinder 303 is hinged to the bottom of the screening plate 302. A clearing plate 307 is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the positioning frame 301. A plurality of clearing heads 308 are provided on the surface of the clearing plate 307.

[0028] The support cylinder 303 has a slot inside that is compatible with the hydraulic lifting column 304. The support cylinder 303 is equipped with a buffer spring 306, one end of which is fixedly connected to the hydraulic lifting column 304.

[0029] Guide rods 309 are provided on both sides of the hydraulic lifting column 304. The guide rods 309 are fixedly mounted on the positioning frame 301. A guide slide 310 is provided on the surface of the guide rods 309. A movable frame 305 is provided on the surface of the hydraulic lifting column 304. The movable frame 305 is located below the guide slide 310.

[0030] A tension spring 311 is provided on the surface of the guide slide 310. The end of the tension spring 311 away from the guide slide 310 is fixedly connected to the unblocking plate 307. The tension spring 311 is inclinedly disposed on the unblocking plate 307.

[0031] Both sides of the screening plate 302 are provided with rotating shafts. The screening plate 302 is movably connected to the screening chamber 106 through the rotating shafts. The surface of the screening plate 302 is provided with multiple screening holes. A limiting seat 107 is provided on one side of the screening chamber 106. The limiting seat 107 is located at one end of the screening plate 302 and is used to limit the tilt angle of the screening plate 302.

[0032] Existing jaw crushers often experience problems during crushing. High-hardness refractory materials (such as high-alumina and magnesia) generate a large amount of fine powder, which easily clogs the discharge port. Furthermore, the refractory materials, being a mixture of powder and solids, have uneven particle sizes. Excessive moisture content within the refractory material can cause it to adhere and clog the discharge port, making it difficult to clean. Additionally, existing jaw crushers cannot adjust the feed rate in a timely manner according to the crushing intensity, leading to overload or idling. To address this issue, the following measures are proposed: In operation, the material is first transported to the screening plate 302 in the screening assembly 3 by a feeder. Due to its own gravity, the material falls inclined down along the screening plate 302. During this process, the powder in the solid-powder mixture falls from the screening holes on the surface of the screening plate 302 into the screening bin 106, thereby achieving primary screening of the material, avoiding excessive powder clogging of the discharge port, and ensuring the normal operation of the crushing operation. Then, the screened solid material enters the "V"-shaped crushing chamber composed of the fixed jaw plate 102 and the movable jaw plate 105 from the feed port at the top of the frame 101 along the screening plate 302. At the same time, the drive motor 205 is started, which drives the drive pulley 202 to rotate. Under the action of the transmission belt 203, the pulley 201 rotates, thereby causing the eccentric shaft 103 to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric shaft 103 causes the movable jaw 104 and the movable jaw to rotate. The moving jaw plate 105 moves back and forth and up and down together. When the moving jaw plate 105 approaches the fixed jaw plate 102, the angle between the moving jaw plate 105 and the fixed jaw plate 102 decreases. The material in the crushing chamber is crushed by compression, splitting and kneading. Due to the splitting and bending effect of the toothed structure on the surface of the moving jaw plate 105 and the fixed jaw plate 102, large pieces of material are crushed into smaller fragments. When the moving jaw plate 105 moves backward, the angle between the moving jaw plate 105 and the fixed jaw plate 102 increases, the volume of the crushing chamber increases, and the crushed material is discharged from the gap between the moving jaw plate 105 and the fixed jaw plate 102 under the action of gravity, that is, discharged from the discharge port. The material that is not fully crushed will continue to be squeezed in the subsequent reciprocating motion of the moving jaw until the particle size meets the standard. The flywheel 204 stores energy through inertia to ensure the continuity of the moving jaw movement and avoid overloading the drive motor 205.

[0033] The tilt angle of the screening plate 302 is adjusted according to the actual needs of the crusher, thereby adjusting the material feeding speed and feed rate. Specifically, the controller controls the hydraulic lifting column 304 to descend, and the hydraulic lifting column 304 drives the support cylinder 303 and the screening plate 302 to move together, so that one end of the screening plate 302 rotates clockwise downward along the rotating shaft. At this time, the tilt angle of the screening plate 302 increases, thereby accelerating the falling of the material on the screening plate 302, increasing the material feeding speed and feed rate.

[0034] Meanwhile, by setting the screening plate 302, not only can the material be screened in its primary stage, but it can also buffer the material to prevent it from falling directly and impacting the fixed jaw plate 102 and the movable jaw plate 105, thereby reducing the impact force of the material on the fixed jaw plate 102 and the movable jaw plate 105 and extending their service life.

[0035] It is worth noting that a pressure sensor is installed inside the support cylinder 303. The pressure sensor detects the pressure of the material on the screening plate 302. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure value of the screening plate 302 exceeds the maximum threshold and the pressure value continues to increase, it indicates that the discharge port is blocked. This causes a bridging phenomenon between one end of the screening plate 302 and the feed port above the frame 101, resulting in blockage of the crushing chamber. At this time, the controller controls the feeder to stop feeding material, and then the controller controls the hydraulic lifting column 304 to rise. The hydraulic lifting column 304 drives the support cylinder 303 and the screening plate 302 to move together, so that one end of the screening plate 302 rotates counterclockwise along the rotating shaft. At this time, the inclination of the screening plate 302 decreases, so that the material on the screening plate 302 falls slowly, reducing the material feeding speed.

[0036] During this process, one end of the screening plate 302 contacts the limiting seat 107 and stops rotating, that is, the tilt angle of the screening plate 302 stops changing. Then, the controller controls the hydraulic lifting column 304 to continue to rise, and the buffer spring 306 is compressed. Since the hydraulic lifting column 304 drives the moving frame 305 to move together, the moving frame 305 pushes the guide slide 310 in the vertical direction, causing the guide slide 310 to move along the guide rod 309. Under the action of the tension spring 311, the unblocking plate 307 rotates counterclockwise upward and quickly hits the fixed jaw plate 102 to generate vibration. This vibration is transmitted through the frame 101, so that the screening plate 302, the discharge port wall and the top of the crushing chamber all receive additional inertial force, further reducing the probability of powder adhesion. At the same time, the unblocking head 308 on the unblocking plate 307 squeezes and impacts the material at the discharge port.

[0037] Then, the controller controls the hydraulic lifting column 304 to descend. The hydraulic lifting column 304 drives the support cylinder 303 and the screening plate 302 to move together, so that one end of the screening plate 302 rotates clockwise downward along the rotating shaft. This causes the material on one end of the screening plate 302 and the material on the screening plate 302 to fall faster and impact the material in the crushing chamber from the top. On the one hand, it can knock off the material blocks adhering to the upper edge of the movable jaw plate 105 or the fixed jaw plate 102 to prevent the "bed material" from reducing the crushing efficiency. On the other hand, it applies an additional impact to the material that has not been fully crushed, which is equivalent to secondary crushing and improves the yield. At the same time, the hydraulic lifting column 304 drives the moving frame 305 to move downward together. The guide slide 310 moves downward along the guide rod 309 under the action of gravity, so that the unblocking plate 307 drives the unblocking head 308 away from the discharge port and returns to the initial position, thereby realizing the unblocking effect of the unblocking head 308 on the discharge port, so that the material at the discharge port falls faster.

[0038] It is worth noting that the buffer spring 306 is compressed during the unblocking impact process, absorbing the impact kinetic energy and preventing the hydraulic system from being damaged due to instantaneous overload. At the same time, when the buffer spring 306 is released, it can transfer the stored energy in reverse to the screening plate 302, causing the screening plate 302 to vibrate and enhance the self-cleaning effect.

[0039] Based on the above description in this specification, those skilled in the art will also understand that the following terms used, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "width," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," which indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification. They are only for the purpose of facilitating the explanation of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not explicitly or implicitly suggest that the device or element involved must have the specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above-mentioned orientation or positional relationship terms should not be understood or interpreted as limitations on the present invention.

[0040] In addition, in the description of this specification, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

Claims

1. A jaw crusher for processing refractory materials, comprising a crushing assembly (1), the crushing assembly (1) including a frame (101), an eccentric shaft (103) mounted at one end of the frame (101), and a transmission assembly (2) provided on one side of the eccentric shaft (103), characterized in that: A screening chamber (106) is provided on the side of the frame (101) away from the eccentric shaft (103), and a screening assembly (3) is provided inside the screening chamber (106). The frame (101) is provided with a fixed jaw plate (102) inside, and a movable jaw body (104) is mounted on the eccentric shaft (103). The surface of the movable jaw body (104) is provided with a movable jaw plate (105). The screening assembly (3) includes a positioning frame (301), which is located on one side of the fixed jaw plate (102). A screening plate (302) is located above the positioning frame (301). A hydraulic lifting column (304) is mounted on the positioning frame (301). A support cylinder (303) is hinged below the screening plate (302). A blockage clearing plate (307) is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the positioning frame (301). A plurality of blockage clearing heads (308) are provided on the surface of the blockage clearing plate (307).

2. A jaw crusher for refractory material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elbow plate (108) is provided on one side of the movable jaw body (104), and a mounting bracket (109) is provided at one end of the frame (101). A pull rod spring (110) is mounted on the mounting bracket (109), and one end of the pull rod spring (110) is connected to the elbow plate (108).

3. A jaw crusher for refractory material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sieve plate (302) is provided with rotating shafts on both sides. The sieve plate (302) is movably connected to the sieve chamber (106) through the rotating shafts. The surface of the sieve plate (302) is provided with multiple sieve holes. A limiting seat (107) is provided on one side of the screening chamber (106), and the limiting seat (107) is located at one end of the screening plate (302).

4. A jaw crusher for refractory material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support cylinder (303) has a slot inside that is compatible with the hydraulic lifting column (304), and a buffer spring (306) is provided inside the support cylinder (303). One end of the buffer spring (306) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic lifting column (304).

5. A jaw crusher for refractory material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide rods (309) are provided on both sides of the hydraulic lifting column (304). The guide rods (309) are fixedly mounted on the positioning frame (301). A guide slide (310) is provided on the surface of the guide rods (309). A movable frame (305) is provided on the surface of the hydraulic lifting column (304). The movable frame (305) is located below the guide slide (310).

6. A jaw crusher for refractory material processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the guide slide (310) is provided with a tension spring (311), and the end of the tension spring (311) away from the guide slide (310) is fixedly connected to the unblocking plate (307). The tension spring (311) is inclinedly arranged on the unblocking plate (307).

7. A jaw crusher for refractory material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (2) includes a pulley (201) and a drive pulley (202). A transmission belt (203) is provided on the surface of the pulley (201) and the drive pulley (202). The pulley (201) is located at one end of an eccentric shaft (103). A flywheel (204) is provided at the end of the eccentric shaft (103) away from the pulley (201).

8. A jaw crusher for refractory material processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: A drive motor (205) is provided on one side of the drive pulley (202), and a support base (206) is provided below the drive motor (205). One end of the support base (206) is fixedly connected to the screening chamber (106).

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