Anti-carburant brushing system for shaft workpieces

Abstract

This utility model provides a carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, belonging to the field of mechanical technology. It solves the problem of uncontrollable coating quality caused by the manual application of existing carburizing agents. This carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces is mounted on a worktable. The worktable includes a main shaft oriented left-right and rotatable around its own axis, a positioning component fixed to one end of the main shaft, a tailstock that can slide left-right, and a support seat between the main shaft and the tailstock for supporting the shaft-type workpiece. A brush head that can move forward-backward and left-right is located behind the main shaft. A container for holding the carburizing agent and a liquid delivery structure are also fixed on the worktable. The container is connected to the brush head via a flexible hose, and the liquid delivery structure delivers the carburizing agent from the container to the brush head via the hose. This carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces has the advantage of excellent coating effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical technology and relates to an anti-carburizing agent coating system, and more particularly to an anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] Carburizing and quenching is one of the core chemical heat treatment processes for steel parts in the machinery manufacturing industry. It is widely used in the processing and production of key transmission and load-bearing components such as gears, shafts, splines, and pins. This process involves infiltrating carbon atoms into the surface layer of the workpiece in a high-temperature, carbon-rich furnace atmosphere, followed by quenching and tempering treatments. This results in a surface layer with high hardness, high wear resistance, and high contact fatigue strength, while retaining good toughness and impact resistance in the core. It balances the wear resistance requirements of the workpiece surface with overall fracture resistance, meeting the long-term service requirements under heavy load and alternating load conditions.

[0003] Actual shaft-type workpieces have functional zoning characteristics: the working surface, meshing surface, and other stress-bearing areas of the workpiece need to be carburized and hardened to ensure performance; while non-working assembly areas such as threaded holes, locating end faces, assembly datum surfaces, inner holes, and keyways of shaft-type workpieces must not allow carbon to penetrate. If these non-carburized areas are directly placed into the carburizing furnace for high-temperature heat treatment without protection, active carbon atoms in the furnace will continuously penetrate into the surface layer of the shaft-type workpiece, causing an abnormally high carbon content in the surface layer of the non-carburized areas. After subsequent quenching, the hardness of these areas will exceed the standard, and the brittleness will increase significantly, easily leading to defects such as edge chipping, cracking, thread stripping, and out-of-tolerance assembly dimensions.

[0004] For the process requirement of localized anti-carburizing of shaft-type workpieces, the current mainstream protective method in the industry is to apply an anti-carburizing agent to the non-carburized surface of the workpiece before heat treatment. After high-temperature curing, the anti-carburizing agent can form a dense, high-temperature resistant, and carbon-gas-isolated protective coating on the workpiece surface, which can completely block the contact between active carbon atoms in the furnace and the workpiece, achieving precise localized anti-carburizing. It also has advantages such as strong adaptability, convenient construction, controllable cost, and no damage to the original dimensions and mechanical properties of the workpiece substrate. It is an indispensable pre-treatment protective process for carburizing heat treatment of small and medium batches of multi-specification mechanical workpieces.

[0005] Currently, the vast majority of domestic component manufacturers still use a purely manual brushing method to complete the coating of anti-carburizing agents. This involves operators manually applying, brushing, touching up, and smoothing the coating with simple tools such as brushes and scrapers. However, this traditional manual brushing process has many inherent drawbacks and cannot meet the stringent requirements of high-end equipment manufacturing regarding workpiece heat treatment consistency, dimensional accuracy, production cycle time, and production costs. Specific problems include: First, the coating thickness is extremely uneven, making it difficult to guarantee its anti-seepage stability; Second, production efficiency is low and cannot meet the needs of large-scale mass production; Third, product consistency is poor, and batch quality fluctuates greatly; Fourth, paint dripping is unavoidable during manual painting, resulting in significant waste of raw materials; Fifth, the working environment is harsh, posing occupational health and safety hazards.

[0006] In summary, in the existing carburizing heat treatment process, the application of anti-carburizing agent is a necessary pre-process to ensure the quality of finished shaft workpieces. However, the traditional manual application process has problems such as uncontrollable coating quality. At present, the industry lacks an automated anti-carburizing agent application solution that can replace manual labor, balance coating accuracy and production efficiency, and be suitable for complex workpieces of various specifications. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by proposing a carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, which solves the problem of uncontrollable coating quality caused by the manual application of existing carburizing agents.

[0008] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces is mounted on a worktable. The worktable includes a main shaft that is oriented left-right and rotatable around its own axis, a positioning component fixed to one end of the main shaft, a tailstock that can slide left-right, and a support base for supporting the shaft-type workpiece disposed between the main shaft and the tailstock. The system is characterized by a brush head that can move forward-backward and left-right behind the main shaft. The worktable also includes a container for holding the carburizing agent and a liquid delivery structure. The container is connected to the brush head via a flexible hose, and the liquid delivery structure delivers the carburizing agent from the container to the brush head via the hose.

[0009] In use, the anti-carburizing agent coating system for this type of shaft workpiece involves placing the shaft workpiece horizontally on top of the support base, which supports the workpiece and restricts its vertical position. Both ends of the shaft workpiece are positioned by locating components on the main shaft and a tailstock, respectively. At the start of coating, the main shaft rotates circumferentially, causing the shaft workpiece to rotate synchronously. The brush head moves left and right to the rear of the area to be coated on the shaft workpiece, then moves forward to be adjacent to or abutting the outer surface of the workpiece. The anti-carburizing agent in the container is delivered to the brush head by the liquid delivery structure and discharged from the outlet on the side of the brush head facing the shaft workpiece. The brush head then applies the anti-carburizing agent to the outer surface of the circumferentially rotating shaft workpiece. After the shaft workpiece has rotated several times, the coating is complete, and the shaft workpiece can be removed after the tailstock moves away from it.

[0010] In the operation of this anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, the positioning component, tailstock, and support seat are used to position the shaft-type workpiece. After the brush head locates the coating position, the liquid delivery structure delivers the anti-carburizing agent to the brush head for coating. The entire coating process is completed automatically, requiring no manual application, resulting in high production efficiency, good product consistency, and high coating safety. The flexible hose design prevents interruption of the connection between the stationary container and the movable brush head.

[0011] In the aforementioned anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, the support base includes a base connected to the worktable and a lifting platform disposed above the base. An operating handle is rotatably connected to the side of the base. A transmission structure connects the operating handle and the lifting platform, converting the rotational movement of the operating handle into driving the lifting platform to rise and fall. Rotating the operating handle controls the raising and lowering of the lifting platform, thereby adjusting the height of the support for the shaft-type workpiece. Combined with a tailstock that can slide left and right, it can position shaft-type workpieces of various lengths and diameters, making it widely applicable. Specifically, the transmission structure can employ existing structures that convert circular motion into linear motion, such as gears and racks.

[0012] In the aforementioned anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, two rollers are rotatably connected to the top of the lifting platform. The axes of both rollers are arranged in the left-right direction, and the two rollers are spaced apart in the front-back direction, forming a support opening between them. Using rotatable rollers to support the shaft-type workpiece reduces wear caused by the workpiece rotating under the drive of the main shaft.

[0013] In the aforementioned anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, an adjusting rail is fixed on the upper side of the worktable, arranged in the left-right direction. Both the support seat and the tailstock are slidably connected to the adjusting rail. By adjusting the rail, the left and right positions of both the support seat and the tailstock are adjustable, allowing for better coordination with the positioning components on the spindle to position shaft-type workpieces of different specifications, thus broadening its applicability.

[0014] In the aforementioned anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, the brush head is made of metal and is flat and cylindrical. The shape of the liquid outlet side of the brush head matches the shape of the outer surface of the workpiece to be coated. The brush head, made of metal, is high-strength and not easily deformed. When coating the outer surface of the shaft-type workpiece, it ensures that the distance between the liquid outlet side of the brush head and various positions on the outer surface of the workpiece remains consistent. During the rotation of the shaft-type workpiece, the brush head can scrape off excess anti-carburizing agent, ensuring uniform coating.

[0015] In another scenario, in the aforementioned anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, the brush head includes a brush. Using a brush with deformable bristles to coat the outer surface of shaft-type workpieces allows for effective coating of shaft-type workpieces of different shapes, offering good versatility.

[0016] In the aforementioned anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, the positioning element includes a center. For lightweight shaft-type workpieces, the horizontal position of the workpiece can be quickly and conveniently positioned by the center at both ends working together to apply pressure.

[0017] In another scenario, in the aforementioned anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, the positioning component includes a three-jaw cylinder. The three fingers of the three-jaw cylinder can grip the outer side of one end of the shaft-type workpiece, enabling positioning of heavier shaft-type workpieces to ensure stability during workpiece rotation.

[0018] In the aforementioned anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, a high-frequency induction heater capable of moving horizontally and vertically is also installed on the worktable. Before or after applying the anti-carburizing agent, the high-frequency induction heater moves horizontally to find the correct position, and then moves forward to heat the shaft-type workpiece, allowing the anti-carburizing agent to cure quickly. This not only shortens the drying time of the shaft-type workpiece surface, thus reducing the production cycle, but also prevents the anti-carburizing agent from flowing during the drying process, which could lead to variations in coating thickness and uniformity, thereby affecting the heat treatment quality of the shaft-type workpiece. Furthermore, it vaporizes any trace amounts of oil residue remaining during the cleaning process of the shaft-type workpiece, preventing oil from affecting the anti-carburizing quality.

[0019] In the aforementioned anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, a stirrer is rotatably connected inside the container, and one end of the stirrer is connected to a stirring drive fixed outside the container. The anti-carburizing agent is a solid-liquid suspension slurry; its internal high-temperature resistant filler is prone to sedimentation and stratification, becoming thicker at the bottom and thinner at the top after prolonged standing. Before coating, the stirring drive must fully agitate the anti-carburizing agent to ensure uniform composition, consistent coating hardness and anti-carburizing effect, and to avoid localized anti-carburizing failure. Furthermore, a servo motor combined with a screw pump allows for controllable flow rate of the delivered anti-carburizing agent, resulting in better precision and a superior coating effect.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the anti-carburizing agent coating system for this type of shaft workpiece has the following advantages: 1. This anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces uses a positioning component, a center, and a support base to position the workpiece. A rotary drive then rotates the workpiece circumferentially. A translational drive and a coating drive control the brush head to locate the coating position. Finally, a liquid delivery structure delivers the anti-carburizing agent to the brush head for application. The entire coating process is automated, requiring no manual application, resulting in high production efficiency, good product consistency, and high coating safety.

[0021] 2. The support base in the anti-carburizing agent coating system for this type of shaft workpiece can be raised and lowered, and the tailstock can be moved horizontally, thus making the anti-carburizing agent coating system for this type of shaft workpiece adaptable to the coating operation of various shaft workpieces of different specifications, with a wide range of applications.

[0022] 3. The brush head is made of metal material and the shape of the liquid outlet side of the brush head is matched with the outer surface shape of the workpiece to be coated. This makes the brush head dedicated to a specific purpose and can scrape off excess anti-carburizing agent while coating, ensuring the uniformity of anti-carburizing agent coating on the surface of shaft workpieces.

[0023] 4. A high-frequency induction heater is installed to quickly cure the anti-carburizing agent, shorten the processing cycle, improve processing efficiency, and ensure the coating effect of the anti-carburizing agent.

[0024] 5. Place the anti-carburizing agent in a container and stir it with a stirrer to ensure uniform composition and thus guarantee the coating effect. The combination of servo motor and screw pump can better control the delivery accuracy of the anti-carburizing agent, thereby ensuring the coating effect. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the upper side of the workbench in Embodiment 1 of the anti-carburizing agent coating system for this type of shaft workpiece.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the workbench in Embodiment 1 of the anti-carburizing agent coating system for this type of shaft workpiece.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-carburizing agent coating system used in Embodiment 1 of this type of shaft workpiece.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the slide.

[0029] In the diagram, 1. Worktable; 2. Spindle; 3. Positioning component; 4. Rotary drive component; 5. Tailstock; 6. Center; 7. Support base; 7a. Support port; 7b. Base; 7c. Lifting platform; 7d. Roller; 8. Translation drive component; 9. Translation guide rail; 10. Slide table; 11. Painting drive component; 12. Painting head; 13. Container; 14. Infusion structure; 14a. Infusion tube; 14b. Screw pump; 14c. Servo motor; 15. Operating handle; 16. Adjustment rail; 17. High-frequency induction heater; 18. Heating drive component; 19. Stirring drive component; 20. Shaft-type workpiece; 21. Hoses; 22. Screw; 23. Slider. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the anti-carburizing agent coating system for this type of shaft workpiece includes a worktable 1, a feeding structure disposed within the worktable 1, and a coating structure connected to the upper side of the worktable 1. There are two coating structures, which are spaced apart in the left-right direction. The two coating structures are identical.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the feeding structure includes a container 13 for containing the anti-carburizing agent and a liquid delivery structure 14 for delivering the anti-carburizing agent from the container 13 to the coating structure. A stirrer is rotatably connected inside the container 13, with its outer end extending upwards through the container 13 and connected to a stirring drive 19 fixed to the top of the container 13. The liquid delivery structure 14 includes a delivery pipe 14a, a screw pump 14b connected to the delivery pipe 14a, and a servo motor 14c that drives the screw pump 14b. In this embodiment, the delivery pipe 14a is a vertically arranged metal pipe, with its upper end connected to the bottom of the container 13 and its lower end connected to the inlet of the screw pump 14b. The outlet of the screw pump 14b is connected to the coating structure via a flexible hose 21.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the coating structure includes a fixed seat fixed on the upper side of the worktable 1, a main shaft 2 that passes horizontally through the fixed seat in the left-right direction, a positioning component 3 that can position the workpiece fixed at one end of the main shaft 2, a rotary drive component 4 that can drive the main shaft 2 to rotate around its own axis, a tailstock 5 that is slidably disposed on the worktable 1 in the left-right direction, and a tip 6 fixed on the tailstock 5.

[0035] In this embodiment, the positioning component 3 is fixed to the right end of the main shaft 2, the rotary drive component 4 is a motor, and its output end is connected to the left end of the main shaft 2 via a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt. The tailstock 5 is located to the right of the fixed base. An adjustment rail 16 arranged in the left-right direction is fixed on the upper side of the worktable 1 to the right of the fixed base. The tailstock 5 is slidably connected to the adjustment rail 16, and the center point 6 is fixed to the left side of the tailstock 5. In this embodiment, the positioning component 3 is a three-jaw cylinder; the tailstock 5 can be driven by the motor to move back and forth along the adjustment rail 16. Through program setting, the tailstock 5 can be moved by the motor to the required stroke to position the shaft workpiece 20 according to the axial length of the shaft workpiece 20.

[0036] A support seat 7 is slidably mounted on the adjusting rail 16 between the spindle 2 and the tailstock 5. The top of the support seat 7 has a support opening 7a for placing the shaft-type workpiece 20. Since the support seat 7 is used to support the bottom of the shaft-type workpiece 20, it does not need to be adjusted separately when processing shaft-type workpieces 20 of the same specification. The support seat 7 can be slid manually and then tightened with fasteners. Of course, it can also be designed to be motor-driven as needed.

[0037] In this embodiment, the support base 7 includes a base 7b slidably connected to the adjusting rail 16 and a lifting platform 7c disposed above the base 7b. Four guide rods, arranged at the four corners, guide the lifting platform 7c's movement between the lifting platform 7c and the base 7b. An operating handle 15 is rotatably connected to the side of the base 7b. A transmission structure is connected between the operating handle 15 and the lifting platform 7c to convert the rotational movement of the operating handle 15 into driving the lifting platform 7c's movement. Here, a gear and rack transmission structure can be selected. Two rollers 7d are rotatably connected to the top of the lifting platform 7c. The axes of both rollers 7d are arranged in the left-right direction, and the two rollers 7d are spaced apart in the front-back direction, forming the aforementioned support opening 7a between the two rollers 7d.

[0038] A translation drive 8 and a translation guide rail 9 arranged in the left-right direction are fixed behind the adjustment rail 16 on the worktable 1. A slide table 10 is slidably connected to the translation guide rail 9. The translation drive 8 can drive the slide table 10 to move back and forth along the translation guide rail 9. Figure 4 As shown, a coating drive unit 11 and a heating drive unit 18 are fixed on the slide table 10. The output end of the coating drive unit 11 is connected to a coating head 12, and the coating drive unit 11 can drive the coating head 12 to move forward. In this embodiment, the coating head 12 is made of metal material, and its whole or liquid outlet end is flat cylindrical. Its liquid inlet is located at the rear end and communicates with the hose 21, and its liquid outlet is located at the front end. The shape of the front end of the coating head 12 matches the shape of the outer side of the workpiece to be coated. Both the coating drive unit 11 and the heating drive unit 18 are motors. The output ends of both are coaxially fixed with screws 22. The outer sides of the two screws 22 are threaded with block-shaped sliders 23. The two sliders 23 are circumferentially fixed on the slide table 10. The coating head 12 and the high-frequency induction heater 17 are respectively fixed on the two sliders 23.

[0039] The coating drive unit 11 and the heating drive unit 18 are distributed on the slide table 10 at intervals in the left and right direction. The output end of the heating drive unit 18 is connected to the high-frequency induction heater 17, and the heating drive unit 18 can drive the high-frequency induction heater 17 to move forward.

[0040] When using the anti-carburizing agent coating system for this type of shaft workpiece, the shaft workpiece 20 is placed horizontally in the support opening 7a between the two rollers 7d at the top of the support base 7. The support base 7 supports the shaft workpiece 20 and restricts its vertical position. The two ends of the shaft workpiece 20 are respectively clamped and positioned by the positioning part 3 on the main shaft 2 and the center point 6 on the tailstock 5 after it has moved to the left.

[0041] At the start of the coating process, the rotary drive 4 drives the spindle 2 to rotate circumferentially, thereby causing the shaft workpiece 20 to rotate synchronously. The translation drive 8 drives the slide 10 to translate until the brush head 12 is positioned behind the area on the shaft workpiece 20 that needs coating. Then, the coating drive 11 drives the brush head 12 forward to be adjacent to or abutting against the outer surface of the shaft workpiece 20. The servo motor 14c controls the screw pump 14b to operate, delivering the anti-carburizing agent in the container 13 along the infusion tube 14a to the brush head 12, and then discharging it from the front end of the brush head 12. The brush head 12 then applies the anti-carburizing agent to the outer surface of the circumferentially rotating shaft workpiece 20. The coating process is completed after the shaft workpiece 20 has rotated several times. The translation drive 8 drives the slide 10 to translate, causing the high-frequency induction heater 17 to move behind the shaft workpiece 20 coated with anti-carburizing agent. The heating drive 18 then drives the high-frequency induction heater 17 to move forward, heating the shaft workpiece 20 to accelerate the curing of the anti-carburizing agent. After the anti-carburizing agent has cured, the tailstock 5 moves to the right away from the shaft workpiece 20, allowing the shaft workpiece 20 to be removed.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The technical solution of this embodiment is largely the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that: the brush head 12 can be a brush; and the positioning element 3 can be a tip 6.

[0044] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces, disposed on a worktable (1), wherein the worktable (1) is provided with a main shaft (2) arranged in the left-right direction and rotatable about its own axis, a positioning component (3) fixed at one end of the main shaft (2), a tailstock (5) slidable left and right, and a support seat (7) disposed between the main shaft (2) and the tailstock (5) for supporting the shaft-type workpiece (20), characterized in that, A brush head (12) that can move in the front-back direction and in the left-right direction is provided behind the main shaft (2). A container (13) for holding anti-carburizing agent and a liquid delivery structure (14) are also fixed on the worktable (1). The container (13) is connected to the brush head (12) through a hose (21). The liquid delivery structure (14) can deliver the anti-carburizing agent in the container (13) to the brush head (12) through the hose (21).

2. The anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support base (7) includes a base (7b) connected to the workbench (1) and a lifting platform (7c) disposed above the base (7b). An operating handle (15) is rotatably connected to the side of the base (7b). A transmission structure is connected between the operating handle (15) and the lifting platform (7c) to convert the rotational motion of the operating handle (15) into driving the lifting platform (7c) to rise and fall.

3. The anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the lifting platform (7c) is rotatably connected to two rollers (7d). The axes of the two rollers (7d) are both set in the left-right direction, and the two rollers (7d) are spaced apart in the front-back direction, forming a support opening (7a) between the two rollers (7d).

4. The anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The workbench (1) is fixed with an adjustment rail (16) arranged in the left and right direction on the upper side, and the support seat (7) and the tail seat (5) are slidably connected on the adjustment rail (16).

5. The anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The brush head (12) is made of metal and the end of the brush head (12) from which liquid is discharged is flat and cylindrical. The shape of the end of the brush head (12) from which liquid is discharged matches the shape of the outer side of the workpiece to be coated.

6. The anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The brush head (12) includes a brush.

7. The anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The positioning element (3) includes a tip (6).

8. The anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The positioning component (3) includes a three-jaw cylinder.

9. The anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The workbench (1) is also equipped with a high-frequency induction heater (17) that can move in the left-right and front-back directions.

10. The anti-carburizing agent coating system for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, A stirrer is rotatably connected inside the container (13), and one end of the stirrer is connected to a stirring drive (19) fixed outside the container (13).

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