A device for cold extrusion of a hole in a workpiece

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of workpiece processing, specifically disclosing a cold extrusion hole-forming device for workpieces. The device includes a processing table, several cutting heads of different specifications, a fixture mounted on the processing table, and the fixture and cutting heads being detachably connected. A processing motor drives the fixture to rotate, with a rotating bearing coaxially mounted between the motor's power output end and the fixture. An assembly that moves the fixture along the cutting head axial direction is installed between the fixture and the processing table. Several sets of clamping rods are mounted on the processing table, with the ends of the rods aligned with the ends of the cutting heads. A feeding unit is opposite to the clamping assembly. An adjusting clamping assembly is mounted on the processing table and can abut against the end of the rod furthest from the cutting head. This solution, using cold extrusion hole forming, reduces cracking around the hole, achieves high-precision cold working, minimizes thermal expansion and contraction, and improves hole-forming efficiency by more than 40% compared to traditional hot-end forming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of workpiece processing technology, and in particular to a cold extrusion hole-forming device for workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] There are various methods for machining holes at the ends of rods, including drilling, reaming, boring, broaching, grinding, honing, etc. All of these methods are suitable for machining holes on larger workpiece structures.

[0003] When coaxially forming internal hexagonal holes on the ends of thin rods, the ends of the rods tend to be relatively thin-walled after the holes are formed. If drilling or cutting is performed on the ends of the thin rods, the cutting tool will remove material from the hole area, resulting in a thin-walled end and a significant reduction in strength. Therefore, heat treatment and hot forging are currently commonly used to form holes on the ends of thin rods. However, after being hot-pressed, the ends of the thin rods are prone to uneven cooling during the cooling process, leading to uneven stress. During this process, the ends of the thin rods expand and contract with heat, resulting in uneven strength in the localized areas around the holes, making the area around the holes prone to cracking during use. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a cold extrusion hole-forming device for workpieces, which solves the problem that after hot extrusion, the hole-forming area of ​​a thin rod is prone to uneven cooling during the cooling process, resulting in uneven strength in local areas of the hole-forming area and causing cracking around the hole during use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution of this utility model is as follows: A cold extrusion hole-forming device for a workpiece, comprising a processing table, and further comprising:

[0006] Several different sizes of cutting heads;

[0007] The fixture is mounted on the machining table and is detachably connected to the cutting head.

[0008] The machining motor that drives the fixture to rotate has a rotating bearing coaxially mounted between the power output end of the machining motor and the fixture.

[0009] The component that drives the fixture to move along the cutting head axis is installed between the fixture and the machining table;

[0010] A clamping assembly consisting of several sets of clamping rods is mounted on a machining table, and the ends of the rods can be directly aligned with the ends of the cutting head.

[0011] The feeding unit is opposite to the clamping assembly;

[0012] An adjustable clamping assembly is provided that can be clamped against the end of the rod away from the cutter head. The adjustable clamping assembly is mounted on the machining table.

[0013] The technical principle of this utility model is as follows: During hole forming, the clamping assembly loosens to create space for the rod to be inserted. The feeding unit is controlled to feed a single rod between the clamping assembly and the adjusting and pressing assembly. Then, the processing motor and the moving assembly are started. The moving assembly drives the clamp and the cutter head to approach the end of the rod. The processing motor drives the cutter head to rotate through the rotating bearing and the clamp. When the end of the cutter head initially abuts against the end of the rod, the cutter head rotates and presses against the end face of the rod. The rotational force allows the cutter head to quickly cut into and press against the end face of the rod. When the cutter head is inserted into the end face of the rod under the push of the second telescopic cylinder, the clamp is supported by the rotating bearing. Most of the rotational force of the processing motor is applied to the rotating bearing. The clamp remains relatively stationary relative to the power output end of the processing motor, so that the cutter head is directly cold-pressed against the end face of the rod. At the same time, the middle part of the rod is stably clamped by the clamping assembly, and the other end of the rod is stably supported by the adjusting and pressing assembly.

[0014] In the above process, cold extrusion processing is achieved to form holes at the ends of the rods. After cold extrusion forming, the area around the hole is less prone to cracking, the cold working is precise, the thermal expansion and contraction is smaller, and the forming efficiency can be improved by more than 40% compared with the original red abutment processing for forming holes.

[0015] Furthermore, several clamping components are arranged sequentially on both sides of the vertical plane where the cutter head axis is located, and several clamping components are distributed sequentially on one side of the cutter head axis. A first sliding locking component that slides along the axial direction of the cutter head is provided between some clamping components and the processing table.

[0016] With the above configuration, the clamping components on both sides can be positioned relative to each other, which facilitates stable clamping of the rod sidewall by the clamping components on both sides; at the same time, the first sliding locking component can be adjusted according to the length of the rod, so that the positions of several clamping components can be adjusted synchronously, which facilitates stable clamping of rods of different lengths.

[0017] Furthermore, a single clamping component includes:

[0018] The support block is fixedly connected to the processing table or the first sliding locking assembly;

[0019] The support frame is fixedly installed at the center of the top surface of the support block;

[0020] The first telescopic cylinder is horizontally fixed on the support frame;

[0021] The clamping block is horizontally slidably installed on the upper surface of the support block. The clamping block can be matched with the clamping block in the opposite clamping assembly. The telescopic end of the first telescopic cylinder passes through the support frame and is fixedly connected to the side of the clamping block away from the opposite clamping block.

[0022] With the above configuration, the support block can provide stable support for the support frame, the first telescopic cylinder and the clamping block. The two opposing clamping blocks can cooperate to stably clamp the rod. During the clamping process, the clamping state of the clamping block on the rod can be quickly controlled by the first telescopic cylinder.

[0023] Furthermore, the mobile components include:

[0024] First mounting plate;

[0025] The second mounting plate is opposite to one end of the first mounting plate and opposite to the other end of the cutter head. Both the first and second mounting plates are vertically fixed on the machining table. The fixture, machining motor and several clamping components are located between the first and second mounting plates.

[0026] The housing, the fixture and the processing motor are all mounted on the housing, and the moving components are located between the housing and the processing table;

[0027] The second telescopic cylinder is horizontally fixed on the first mounting plate, and the telescopic end of the second telescopic cylinder passes through the first mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the side of the outer shell away from the rod.

[0028] The support slide rail is horizontally fixed on the machining table along the axis of the fixture, and the outer shell is slidably mounted on the support slide rail.

[0029] With the above configuration, the first mounting plate can provide stable support for the installation of the second telescopic cylinder. The second telescopic cylinder can cooperate with the support slide rail to adjust the horizontal position of the outer shell, fixture, processing motor and cutter head, so as to facilitate the horizontal cold pressing of the cutter head to the end of the rod and realize stable cold extrusion hole forming of the rod.

[0030] Furthermore, the adjusting clamping component includes:

[0031] The screw is horizontally positioned, with one end abutting against the end of the rod furthest from the cutter head.

[0032] The bolt, with the end of the shank furthest from the rod, passes through the second mounting plate and is threaded into the bolt.

[0033] A support ring is coaxially sleeved and supported at one end of the screw near the rod. A ball bearing is coaxially sleeved between the inner wall of the support ring and the outer wall of the screw.

[0034] The connecting frame is fixedly installed on the support ring and supported on the processing table.

[0035] With the above settings, when cold pressing rods of different specifications are processed, the horizontal position of the screw on the second mounting plate is adjusted by first loosening the bolts, and then the horizontal position of the screw can be adjusted to facilitate the mating with rods of different lengths; at the same time, the connecting frame and support ring on the moving processing table can support the end of the screw accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, it also includes a feeding unit, which includes:

[0037] The transfer box is strip-shaped with an open top. One end of the transfer box passes through the second mounting plate and faces the lower side of the cutter head. The transfer box is fixedly mounted on the machining table. The transfer box is arranged along the axial direction of the fixture and is not located between two opposing clamping components. The other end of the transfer box is coplanar with the end of the machining table or extends beyond the end of the machining table. The connecting frame is mounted outside the transfer box.

[0038] The conveyor belt is installed inside the conveyor box, and the conveying direction of the conveyor belt is consistent with the axial direction of the fixture.

[0039] The conveyor motor that drives the conveyor belt to rotate is fixedly installed on the side wall of the conveyor box.

[0040] With the above setup, the conveyor box provides support for the conveyor belt and motor, and also facilitates the vertical drop of the processed rod onto the conveyor belt inside the box. The conveyor belt and motor can then transport the processed rod, making the processing cycle smoother.

[0041] Furthermore, the connecting frame is provided with a limiting roller near the vertical outer wall of the conveyor box, which abuts against the outer wall of the conveyor box. The limiting roller is rotatably installed at both ends of the connecting frame.

[0042] With the above settings, the limiting roller can limit the distance between the connecting frame and the conveyor box, making the positioning of the connecting frame and the support ring more stable when the connecting frame moves along the conveyor box, and also facilitating stable support for the end of the screw. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial side structure of a cold extrusion hole-forming device for a workpiece in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the connecting frame in a cold extrusion hole-forming device for a workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] In the above-mentioned attached figures: machining table 10, cutting head 20, fixture 201, housing 202, machining motor 203, support slide rail 204, guide rail 301, support block 302, support frame 303, first telescopic cylinder 304, clamping block 305, first mounting plate 401, second mounting plate 402, second telescopic cylinder 403, limit reinforcing rod 404, screw 501, bolt 502, support ring 601, ball bearing 611, connecting frame 602, limit roller 603, conveyor box 701, conveyor belt 702, conveyor motor 703, rod 80. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0047] This embodiment is basically as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model embodiment proposes a cold extrusion hole-forming device for workpieces, including a processing table 10, several cutting heads 20 of different specifications, a fixture 201, a housing 202, a processing motor 203 that drives the fixture 201 to rotate, a clamping assembly for four sets of clamping rods 80, a feeding unit (not shown), an assembly that drives the housing 202 to move axially along the cutting head 20, an adjusting clamping assembly that can abut against the end of the rod 80 away from the cutting head 20, and a unloading unit, fixture 201, and processing motor. All components 203 are mounted on the housing 202. The clamp 201 is detachably connected to the cutter head 20. The end of the rod 80 can be directly opposite the end of the cutter head 20. The feeding unit is opposite to the clamping assembly. The power output end of the processing motor 203 is coaxially provided with a rotating bearing between it and the clamp 201. The moving assembly is a support slide rail 204. The support slide rail 204 is horizontally fixed to the processing table 10 along the axial direction of the clamp 201 by bolts 502. The housing 202 is slidably mounted on the support slide rail 204.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, four sets of clamping components are arranged sequentially on both sides of the vertical plane where the cutting head 20 is located along the axial direction. Two sets of clamping components are distributed sequentially on one side along the axial direction of the cutting head 20. A first sliding locking component that slides along the axial direction of the cutting head 20 is provided between some clamping components and the machining table 10. The first sliding locking component is the cooperation between the guide rail 301 and the slider (not shown). The guide rail 301 is fixedly installed on the machining table 10 by bolts 502.

[0049] At the same time, such as Figure 1As shown, a single clamping assembly includes a support block 302, a support frame 303, a first telescopic cylinder 304, and a clamping block 305. The support blocks 302 in the two clamping assemblies on the left are welded to the processing table 10, and the support blocks 302 in the two clamping assemblies on the right are fixedly connected to the slider by bolts 502. The support frame 303 is fixedly installed at the middle of the top surface of the support block 302 by bolts 502. The first telescopic cylinder 304 is horizontally fixed on the support frame 303 by bolts 502. The clamping block 305 is horizontally slidably installed on the upper surface of the support block 302. The clamping block 305 can be matched with the clamping block 305 in the opposite clamping assembly. The telescopic end of the first telescopic cylinder 304 passes through the support frame 303 and is fixedly connected to the side of the clamping block 305 away from the opposite clamping block 305.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the moving assembly includes a first mounting plate 401, a second mounting plate 402, a second telescopic cylinder 403, and a limiting and reinforcing rod 404. The first mounting plate 401 is opposite to one end of the cutter head 20, and the second mounting plate 402 is opposite to the other end of the cutter head 20. Both the first mounting plate 401 and the second mounting plate 402 are vertically fixed on the processing table 10. The clamp 201, the processing motor 203, and several clamping components are all located between the first mounting plate 401 and the second mounting plate 402; the second telescopic cylinder 403... The retractable cylinder 403 is horizontally fixed on the first mounting plate 401, and the telescopic end of the second telescopic cylinder 403 passes through the first mounting plate 401 and is fixedly connected to the side of the housing 202 away from the rod 80; the left end of the limiting and reinforcing rod 404 passes through the first mounting plate 401 and is fixed with a nut, and the right end of the limiting and reinforcing rod 404 passes through the housing and the second mounting plate 402 and is fixed with a nut. The limiting and reinforcing rod 404 is located at the vertical center plane of the cutter head 20 and is located on the upper side of the housing.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the adjusting and tightening assembly includes a screw 501, a bolt 502, a support ring 601, and a connecting frame 602. The screw 501 is horizontally positioned, and its left end abuts against the right end of the rod 80. The end of the screw 501 away from the rod 80 passes through the second mounting plate 402 and is threadedly connected to the bolt 502. The support ring 601 is coaxially sleeved and supported at the end of the screw 501 near the rod 80. A ball bearing 611 is coaxially sleeved between the inner wall of the support ring 601 and the outer wall of the screw 501. The connecting frame 602 is fixedly installed on the support ring 601 and is supported on the processing table 10.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the unloading unit includes a conveyor box 701, a conveyor belt 702, and a conveyor motor 703 that drives the conveyor belt 702 to rotate. The conveyor box 701 is strip-shaped, with open top and right sides. One end of the conveyor box 701 passes through the second mounting plate 402 and faces the lower side of the cutter head 20. The conveyor box 701 is fixedly mounted on the processing table 10. The conveyor box 701 is arranged along the axial direction of the clamp 201 and is not located between two opposing clamping components. The other end of the conveyor box 701 is coplanar with the end of the processing table 10. A connecting frame 602 is mounted outside the conveyor box 701. The conveyor belt 702 is installed inside the conveyor box 701, and the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 702 is consistent with the axial direction of the clamp 201. The conveyor motor 703 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the right end of the conveyor box 701 by bolts 502.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the connecting frame 602 is provided with a limiting roller 603 near the vertical outer wall of the conveyor box 701, which abuts against the outer wall of the conveyor box 701. The limiting roller 603 is rotatably installed at both ends of the connecting frame 602.

[0054] In this embodiment, when the cold extrusion hole forming device for a workpiece is in use, the first telescopic cylinder 304 in the two sets of clamping assemblies on the left controls the telescopic end to shorten. At this time, the feeding unit controls the feeding unit to feed the single rod 80 between the two sets of clamping blocks 305. At the same time, the first telescopic cylinder 304 in the two sets of clamping assemblies on the left controls the telescopic end to extend, so that the single rod 80 is clamped between the two sets of clamping blocks 305. After clamping, the left end of the rod 80 is directly opposite the cutter head 20.

[0055] Then, the machining motor 203 is started, which drives the fixture 201 and the cutter head 20 to rotate via the rotating bearing. At the same time, the second telescopic cylinder 403 is started, and the telescopic end of the second telescopic cylinder 403 extends. The second telescopic cylinder 403 pushes the outer shell 202, the machining motor 203, the fixture 201, and the cutter head 20 to the right. When the end of the cutter head 20 initially abuts against the end of the rod 80, the cutter head 20 rotates and presses against the end face of the rod 80. The rotational force enables the cutter head 20 to quickly cut in and press. When the cutter head 20 is inserted into the end face of the rod 80 under the push of the second telescopic cylinder 403, the clamp 201, supported by the rotating bearing, has most of the rotational force of the processing motor 203 acting on the rotating bearing. The clamp 201 remains relatively stationary relative to the power output end of the processing motor 203, so that the cutter head 20 is directly cold-pressed onto the end face of the rod 80. At the same time, the middle part of the rod 80 is stably clamped by the clamping block 305, and the right end of the rod 80 is stably supported by the screw 501.

[0056] After the end of the rod 80 is cold-extruded to form a hole, the first telescopic cylinder 304 in the two sets of clamping assemblies on the left controls the telescopic end to shorten again, loosening the rod 80. The rod 80 falls automatically under the action of gravity and lands on the conveyor belt 702 in the conveyor box 701. The conveyor motor 703 drives the conveyor belt 702 to rotate, and the conveyor belt 702 conveys the processed rod 80 to the right for easy unloading. At the same time, it can connect with the loading unit to quickly perform cold extrusion hole forming on the next rod 80.

[0057] In the above process, the end of the rod 80 can be formed by internal hexagonal hole forming, realizing cold extrusion of the hole on the end face of the rod 80. This avoids the problem of high stress and easy cracking around the hole after high temperature treatment during the original red upsetting process. At the same time, the efficiency of hole forming can be increased to 7-8 seconds, which is 60% higher than the original red upsetting process. Moreover, after using cold extrusion to form the hole, the hole is less prone to cracking, and the precision cold working results in less thermal expansion and contraction.

[0058] When cold pressing rods 80 of different specifications, replace the cutter head 20 on the fixture 201 and replace the clamping block 305; adjust the horizontal position of the screw 501 on the second mounting plate 402, first loosen the bolt 502, and then adjust the position of the left end of the screw 501 to facilitate abutment with rods 80 of different lengths; at the same time, slide the connecting frame 602 and the support ring 601 horizontally along the outer wall of the conveyor box 701, and the limiting roller 603 in the connecting frame 602 rotates relative to the vertical outer wall of the conveyor box 701, so that the position adjustment of the connecting frame 602 and the support ring 601 is convenient and stable, and facilitates the left end of the screw 501 to follow and stably support it continuously.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A cold extrusion hole forming apparatus for a workpiece, comprising a machining table, characterized by, Also includes: Several different sizes of cutting heads; A fixture is mounted on a machining table and is detachably connected to a cutting head. A machining motor that drives the fixture to rotate has a rotating bearing coaxially mounted between the power output end of the machining motor and the fixture. An assembly that drives the fixture to move along the cutting head axis is installed between the fixture and the machining table; A clamping assembly for several sets of clamping rods, the clamping assembly being mounted on a processing table, wherein the end of the rod can be directly opposite the end of the cutting head; The feeding unit is opposite to the clamping assembly; An adjustable clamping assembly is provided that can be pressed against the end of the rod away from the cutter head, and the adjustable clamping assembly is mounted on the machining table.

2. A device for cold hole expansion of a workpiece as defined in claim 1, characterized in that Several clamping components are arranged sequentially on both sides of the vertical plane where the cutting head axis is located, and several clamping components are distributed sequentially on one side of the cutting head axis. A first sliding locking component that slides along the cutting head axis is provided between some clamping components and the processing table.

3. The cold extrusion hole-forming apparatus for a workpiece as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the clamping components includes: The support block is fixedly connected to the processing table or the first sliding locking assembly; A support frame, which is fixedly installed at the middle of the top surface of the support block; The first telescopic cylinder is horizontally fixed on the support frame; The clamping block is horizontally slidably mounted on the upper surface of the support block. The clamping block can be matched with the clamping block in the oppositely arranged clamping assembly. The telescopic end of the first telescopic cylinder passes through the support frame and is fixedly connected to the side of the clamping block away from the opposite clamping block.

4. The cold extrusion hole-forming apparatus for a workpiece as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The moving component includes: First mounting plate; The second mounting plate is opposite to one end of the first mounting plate and opposite to the other end of the cutter head. Both the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are vertically fixed on the machining table. The fixture, machining motor and several clamping components are located between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate. The housing, the fixture and the processing motor are all mounted on the housing, and the moving components are located between the housing and the processing table; The second telescopic cylinder is horizontally fixed on the first mounting plate, and the telescopic end of the second telescopic cylinder passes through the first mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the side of the outer shell away from the rod.

5. The cold extrusion hole-forming apparatus for a workpiece as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The adjusting and tightening assembly includes: The screw is horizontally positioned, and one end of the screw can abut against the end of the rod furthest from the cutter head. A bolt, wherein the end of the screw away from the member passes through the second mounting plate and is threadedly connected to the bolt; A support ring is coaxially sleeved and supported at one end of the screw near the rod. A ball bearing is coaxially sleeved between the inner wall of the support ring and the outer wall of the screw. A connecting frame is fixedly installed on a support ring and supported on a processing table.

6. The cold extrusion hole-forming apparatus for a workpiece as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a feeding unit, which includes: The transfer box is strip-shaped with an open top. One end of the transfer box passes through the second mounting plate and faces the lower side of the cutter head. The transfer box is fixedly mounted on the machining table. The transfer box is arranged along the axial direction of the fixture and is not located between two opposing clamping components. The other end of the transfer box is coplanar with the end of the machining table or extends beyond the end of the machining table. The connecting frame is mounted outside the transfer box. A conveyor belt, which is installed inside a conveyor box, and the conveying direction of the conveyor belt is consistent with the axial direction of the clamp; The conveyor motor that drives the conveyor belt to rotate is fixedly installed on the side wall of the conveyor box.

7. The cold extrusion hole-forming apparatus for a workpiece as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting frame is provided with a limiting roller near the vertical outer wall of the conveyor box, which abuts against the outer wall of the conveyor box. The limiting roller is rotatably installed at both ends of the connecting frame.

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