dovetail cutter

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of cutting tool technology, specifically disclosing a dovetail cutting tool. The dovetail cutting tool includes a cutting edge portion, on which a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge are disposed. The first and second cutting edges are arranged sequentially around the circumference of the cutting edge portion. Both the first and second cutting edges are helical, and the helical direction of the first cutting edge is opposite to that of the second cutting edge. By changing the helical direction of the first and second cutting edges, this dovetail cutting tool alters the flow direction of chips, effectively preventing chip accumulation and significantly reducing the surface roughness of the dovetail groove sidewall, making it smoother and flatter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cutting tool technology, and in particular to dovetail cutting tools. Background Technology

[0002] Dovetail end mills are precision end mills specifically designed for machining dovetail grooves or dovetail tenons. Their cutting edges are shaped like a "∠" at a specific angle. Through the synergistic effect of the main motion vector and the feed motion, they are used to machine dovetail grooves or trapezoidal grooves. Their unique geometric design makes them irreplaceable in high-precision manufacturing in fields such as 3C (computers, communications, consumer electronics), automobiles, and aerospace.

[0003] Currently, traditional dovetail cutters use a single right-handed helical blade. When machining deep grooves, chip accumulation is likely to occur, leading to surface scratches or tool wear, and burrs are prone to appear on the groove edges, affecting the machining quality.

[0004] Therefore, dovetail cutting tools are urgently needed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a dovetail cutting tool to solve the problem in the related technology that traditional dovetail cutting tools use a single-direction spiral blade, which easily leads to chip accumulation when machining deep grooves, resulting in surface scratches or tool wear, and burrs easily appearing on the groove edge, affecting the machining quality.

[0006] This utility model provides a dovetail cutter, which includes a cutting edge portion. The cutting edge portion is provided with a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge. The first cutting edge and the second cutting edge are distributed around the circumference of the cutting edge portion. Both the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge are helical blades, and the helical direction of the first cutting edge is opposite to that of the second cutting edge.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution for the dovetail cutting tool, the helix angle of the first cutting edge is β1, the helix angle of the second cutting edge is β2, 0 < β1 < 10°, -10° < β2 < 0.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution for a dovetail cutting tool, one end of the cutting edge is connected to a handle, the first cutting edge includes a first end edge, and the second cutting edge includes a second end edge.

[0009] Along the axial direction of the handle, the second end cutting edge is closer to the handle than the first end cutting edge.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution for a dovetail cutting tool, the first cutting edge further includes a first peripheral cutting edge, the end of the first peripheral cutting edge away from the shank being connected to the first end cutting edge; the second cutting edge further includes a second peripheral cutting edge, the end of the second peripheral cutting edge away from the shank being connected to the second end cutting edge.

[0011] The extension length of the first circumferential cutting edge is less than the extension length of the second circumferential cutting edge.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution for a dovetail cutting tool, the first cutting edge further includes a first chamfering edge, which is connected to one end of the first peripheral cutting edge near the shank; the second cutting edge further includes a second chamfering edge, which is connected to one end of the second peripheral cutting edge near the shank.

[0013] Along the axial direction of the shank from the first end edge to the first chamfering edge, both the first chamfering edge and the second chamfering edge gradually approach the central axis of the shank;

[0014] Within the cross-section of either of the blade portions, the first chamfered edge is closer to the axis of the blade portion than the second chamfered edge, and the cross-section of the blade portion is perpendicular to the axial direction of the handle portion.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution for dovetail cutting tools, the extension length of the first chamfering edge is equal to the extension length of the second chamfering edge (123).

[0016] As a preferred technical solution for the dovetail cutting tool, along the axial direction of the shank, the length of the first circumferential cutting edge is h1, the distance from the intersection of the second circumferential cutting edge and the second end cutting edge to the end of the second chamfering cutting edge near the shank is h2, the distance from the intersection of the first circumferential cutting edge and the first end cutting edge to the intersection of the second circumferential cutting edge and the second end cutting edge is h3, the length of the first chamfering cutting edge is h4, and the maximum diameter of the cutting edge is D; h1=0.45D, D≤h2≤1.1D, h3=0.05D, 0.9D≤h4≤D.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution for a dovetail cutting tool, the axis of the cutting edge is arranged along a first direction, there are two first cutting edges, the two first cutting edges are arranged along a second direction, there are two second cutting edges, the two second cutting edges are arranged along a third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other;

[0018] The minimum distance between the two first cutting edges along the third direction is e1, e1 = (3 / 50)*D; and / or, the minimum distance between the two second cutting edges along the second direction is e2, (1 / 100)*D ≤ e2 ≤ (1 / 40)*D;

[0019] D is the maximum diameter of the cutting edge.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution for dovetail cutting tools, the core thickness between the chip removal grooves corresponding to the two first cutting edges is d1, (7 / 20)*D≤d1≤(13 / 20)*D;

[0021] And / or, the core thickness between the chip removal grooves corresponding to the two second cutting edges (12) is d2, (7 / 25)*D≤d2≤(19 / 25)*D, where D is the maximum diameter of the cutting edge portion.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution for dovetail cutting tools, it also includes a clearance section, a transition section, and a shank section, wherein the cutting edge, the clearance section, the transition section, and the shank section are connected in sequence.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0024] This utility model provides a dovetail cutting tool, which includes a cutting edge portion with a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge arranged sequentially around the circumference of the cutting edge portion. Both the first and second cutting edges are helical, with the helical direction of the first cutting edge opposite to that of the second cutting edge. This dovetail cutting tool cleverly alters the helical direction of the first and second cutting edges, thereby changing the flow direction of the chips. This effectively avoids chip accumulation during the machining of dovetail grooves, significantly reducing the surface roughness of the dovetail groove sidewalls and making them smoother and flatter. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dovetail cutter in the embodiment of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dovetail cutter in the embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial enlargement of the dovetail cutter in the embodiments of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a partial enlargement of the dovetail cutter in the embodiments of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting edge of the dovetail cutter in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting edge of the dovetail cutter in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 7 A partial enlargement of the dovetail cutter in this embodiment of the utility model. Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first end cutting edge of the dovetail cutter in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first circumferential cutting edge of the dovetail cutter in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first chamfering edge of the dovetail cutter in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] X, first direction; Y, second direction; Z, third direction;

[0037] 1. Blade section; 11. First blade; 111. First end blade; 112. First circumferential blade; 113. First chamfered blade; 12. Second blade; 121. Second end blade; 122. Second circumferential blade; 123. Second chamfered blade; 13. First part; 131. First posterior face of end blade; 132. Second posterior face of end blade; 133. First posterior face of circumferential blade; 134. Second posterior face of circumferential blade; 14. Second part; 141. First posterior face of chamfered blade; 142. Second posterior face of chamfered blade;

[0038] 2. Clearance section; 3. Transition section; 4. Handle section. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions. Moreover, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "under," and "below" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0043] like Figures 1-10 As shown, this embodiment provides a dovetail cutting tool, which includes a cutting edge portion 1 and a shank portion 4 arranged coaxially along a first direction X. The cutting edge portion 1 is provided with a first cutting edge 11 and a second cutting edge 12, which are distributed around the circumference of the cutting edge portion 1. Both the first cutting edge 11 and the second cutting edge 12 are helical blades, and the helical direction of the first cutting edge 11 is opposite to that of the second cutting edge 12. This dovetail cutting tool cleverly changes the helical direction of the first cutting edge 11 and the second cutting edge 12, thereby changing the flow direction of the chips and effectively avoiding the problem of chip accumulation when machining dovetail grooves. This significantly reduces the surface roughness of the sidewall of the dovetail groove, making it smoother and flatter.

[0044] Optionally, the dovetail cutting tool further includes a clearance portion 2 and a transition portion 3, with the cutting edge portion 1, clearance portion 2, transition portion 3, and shank portion 4 connected sequentially. In this embodiment, the cutting edge portion 1, clearance portion 2, transition portion 3, and shank portion 4 are coaxially fixed along the first direction X.

[0045] Optionally, the dovetail cutter is a one-piece molded part.

[0046] Optionally, there are 2n first cutting edges 11 and 2n second cutting edges 12. The 2n first cutting edges 11 and 2n second cutting edges 12 are arranged alternately. The rotation directions of the first cutting edges 11 and the second cutting edges 12 are opposite. Since the included angle between any two adjacent first cutting edges 11 and second cutting edges 12 is equal, the n first cutting edges 11 are arranged radially along the cutting edge portion 1 in a one-to-one correspondence with the other n first cutting edges 11. The n second cutting edges 12 are arranged radially along the cutting edge portion 1 with the other n second cutting edges 12. This can cancel out the vibration generated during the cutting process and significantly suppress the machining chatter phenomenon.

[0047] Optionally, n is a positive integer, which can be 1, 2, 3, or 4, for example.

[0048] Optionally, the helix angle of the first cutting edge 11 is β1, and the helix angle of the second cutting edge 12 is β2, where 0 < β1 < 10°, and -10° < β2 < 0. In this embodiment, β1 = -β2. This setting can optimize the chip force balance and improve tool chatter. β1 is preferably 6°, and β2 is preferably -6°.

[0049] Optionally, the cutting edge 1 includes a first part 13 and a second part 14 coaxially fixed along the first direction X, with the end of the second part 14 away from the first part 13 fixed to the clearance part 2; the first cutting edge 11 includes a first end edge 111 located on the end face of the first part 13 away from the second part 14, and the second cutting edge 12 includes a second end edge 121 located on the end face of the first part 13 away from the second part 14; along the first direction X, the second end edge 121 is closer to the shank 4 than the first end edge 111. In this embodiment, the first end edge 111 and the second end edge 121 are spaced apart, further optimizing the cutting performance. It can effectively disperse the concentrated area of ​​cutting heat, reduce the temperature of the cutting tip, and thus significantly extend the tool life.

[0050] Optionally, the inclination angle of the first end cutting edge 111 is λ1, 0°≤λ1≤5°; and / or, the inclination angle of the second end cutting edge 121 is λ2, 0°≤λ2≤5°. In this embodiment, the above settings maximize the thickness of the tool core, significantly improve the anti-chipping ability, concentrate the cutting force into the axial component, and avoid microcracks caused by radial vibration.

[0051] Optionally, the outline of the first end blade 111 and / or the second end blade 121 in the cross section along the axial direction of the shank 4 is an arc, or a combination of an arc and a straight line segment.

[0052] For example, such as Figure 7 and 8 As shown, taking the first end face 111 as an example, it includes a first flank face 131 and a second flank face 132. In the cross-section of the first part 13 along the axial direction of the shank 4, the contour lines of the first flank face 131 and the second flank face 132 can form an arc. This arrangement can evenly distribute the cutting force to the entire cutting edge, and compared with a planar design, the local stress is significantly reduced. In other embodiments, the contour line of the first flank face 131 is an arc segment, and the contour line of the second flank face 132 can be a straight line segment. The first flank face 131 can effectively disperse the cutting force, and the second flank face 132 can increase the distance from the milled workpiece, which is beneficial for heat dissipation. In other embodiments, the contour lines of the first flank face 131 and the second flank face 132 can be two straight line segments. The second flank face 132 can increase the distance from the milled workpiece, which is beneficial for heat dissipation.

[0053] Optionally, the first cutting edge 11 further includes a first peripheral cutting edge 112, one end of which is connected to the first end cutting edge 111 and located on the peripheral wall of the first part 13. The second cutting edge 12 further includes a second peripheral cutting edge 122, one end of which is connected to the second end cutting edge 121 and located on the peripheral wall of the first part 13. The extension length of the first peripheral cutting edge 112 is less than the extension length of the second peripheral cutting edge 122. In this embodiment, the first peripheral cutting edge 112 and the second peripheral cutting edge 122 have a length difference design, thereby achieving asymmetric cutting. When there is a length difference between the cutting edges, the phase difference of the cutting forces of each edge disrupts the periodic vibration superposition, dispersing the chatter energy and thus improving the cutting accuracy.

[0054] Optionally, the outline of the first circumferential cutting edge 112 and / or the second circumferential cutting edge 122 in a section perpendicular to the axial direction of the shank 4 is an arc, or a combination of an arc and a straight line segment.

[0055] For example, such as Figure 7 and 9 As shown, taking the first circumferential cutting edge 112 as an example, it includes a first flank face 133 and a second flank face 134. In the cross-section of the first part 13 perpendicular to the axial direction of the shank 4, the contour lines of the first flank face 133 and the second flank face 134 can form an arc, which can evenly distribute the cutting force to the entire cutting edge. Compared with a planar design, the local stress is significantly reduced. In other embodiments, the contour line of the first flank face 133 is an arc segment, and the contour line of the second flank face 134 can be a straight line segment. The first flank face 133 can effectively disperse the cutting force, and the second flank face 134 can increase the distance from the milling workpiece, which is beneficial for heat dissipation. In other embodiments, the contour lines of the first flank face 133 and the second flank face 134 can be two straight line segments. The second flank face 134 can increase the distance from the milling workpiece, which is beneficial for heat dissipation.

[0056] Optionally, the first cutting edge 11 further includes a first chamfering edge 113, which is connected to the other end of the first peripheral cutting edge 112 and located on the peripheral wall of the second part 14. The second cutting edge 12 further includes a second chamfering edge 123, which is connected to the other end of the second peripheral cutting edge 122 and located on the peripheral wall of the second part 14. Along the axial direction (first direction X) of the handle 4 from the first end cutting edge 111 to the first chamfering edge 113, both the first chamfering edge 113 and the second chamfering edge 123 gradually approach the central axis of the handle 4. In the cross-section of any cutting edge 1, the first chamfering edge 113 is closer to the axis of the cutting edge 1 than the second chamfering edge 123, and the cross-section of the cutting edge 1 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the handle. In this embodiment, the first end cutting edge 111 is subjected to a greater force than the second end cutting edge 121, and the first chamfering edge 113 is subjected to a less force than the second chamfering edge 123, thereby improving the overall force balance of the cutting edge 1.

[0057] Optionally, the profile of the first chamfering edge 113 and / or the second chamfering edge 123 in the section perpendicular to the axial direction of the handle 4 is an arc, or a combination of an arc and a straight line segment.

[0058] For example, such as Figure 7 and 10 As shown, taking the first chamfering edge 113 as an example, it includes a first chamfering facet 141 and a second chamfering facet 142. In the cross-section of the second part 14 perpendicular to the axial direction of the shank 4, the contour lines of the first chamfering facet 141 and the second chamfering facet 142 can form an arc, which can evenly distribute the cutting force to the entire cutting edge. Compared with a planar design, the local stress is significantly reduced. In other embodiments, the contour line of the first chamfering facet 141 is an arc segment, and the contour line of the second chamfering facet 142 can be a straight line segment. The first chamfering facet 141 can effectively disperse the cutting force, and the second chamfering facet 142 can increase the distance from the milling workpiece, which is beneficial for heat dissipation. In other embodiments, the contour lines of the first chamfering facet 141 and the second chamfering facet 142 can be two straight line segments. The second chamfering facet 142 can increase the distance from the milling workpiece, which is beneficial for heat dissipation.

[0059] Among them, such as Figure 8-10 As shown, the first end-edge 111 has a first flank face 131 width F3 = (9 / 100)D, a rake angle β5 = 0~10°, a first clearance angle A5 = 5~20°, and a second clearance angle A6 = 15~35°. The first end-edge 111 and the second end-edge 121 have the same structure. The first circumferential end-edge 112 has a first flank face 133 width F1 = (1 / 20)D, a rake angle β3 = 5~25°, a first clearance angle A1 = 5~20°, and a second clearance angle A2 = 20~40°. The first circumferential end-edge 112 and the second circumferential end-edge 122 have the same structure. The first chamfered end-edge 113 has a first flank face 141 width F2 = (1 / 20)D, a rake angle β4 = 5~25°, a first clearance angle A3 = 5~20°, and a second clearance angle A4 = 20~40°. The first chamfered end-edge 113 and the second chamfered end-edge 123 have the same structure.

[0060] Optionally, the extension length of the first chamfering edge 113 is equal to the extension length of the second chamfering edge 123. In this embodiment, the above arrangement can ensure the balance of cutting forces on both sides of the dovetail groove and improve the vibration problem of the dovetail tool.

[0061] Optionally, such as Figure 4As shown, along the axial direction of the shank 4, the length of the first circumferential cutting edge 112 is h1; the distance from the intersection of the second circumferential cutting edge 122 and the second end cutting edge 121 to the end of the second chamfering cutting edge 123 near the shank 4 is h2; the distance from the intersection of the first circumferential cutting edge 112 and the first end cutting edge 111 to the intersection of the second circumferential cutting edge 122 and the second end cutting edge 121 is h3; the distance from the intersection of the first circumferential cutting edge 112 and the first end cutting edge 111 to the end of the first chamfering cutting edge 113 near the shank 4 is h4; and the maximum diameter of the cutting edge 1 is D; h1 = 0.45D, D ≤ h2 ≤ 1.1D, h3 = 0.05D, 0.9D ≤ h4 ≤ D. In this embodiment, the values ​​of h1, h2, h3, and h4 are obtained through simulation experiments, which further improves the overall cutting capability of the dovetail cutting tool.

[0062] Optionally, the minimum distance between the two first cutting edges 11 along the third direction Z is e1, e1 = (3 / 50)*D; and / or, the minimum distance between the two second cutting edges 12 along the second direction Y is e2, (1 / 100)*D ≤ e2 ≤ (1 / 40)*D, where D is the maximum diameter of the cutting edge 1. In this embodiment, if the values ​​of e1 and e2 are too large, the chip groove is easily blocked; if the values ​​of e1 and e2 are too small, airflow disturbance will occur in the chip groove, leading to an increase in the chatter frequency of the dovetail tool. Therefore, the above-mentioned range of values ​​for e1 and e2 is obtained through a large number of experiments, thereby maintaining the above two situations in a reasonable state.

[0063] Optionally, the core thickness between the chip removal grooves corresponding to the two first cutting edges 11 is d1, where (7 / 20)*D≤d1≤(13 / 20)*D; and / or, the core thickness between the chip removal grooves corresponding to the two second cutting edges 12 is d2, where (7 / 25)*D≤d2≤(19 / 25)*D. In this embodiment, a larger core thickness enhances the overall rigidity of the tool, especially in deep groove milling or high feed machining, effectively resisting bending deformation caused by cutting forces, reducing vibration, and improving machining stability. A smaller core thickness makes the tool lighter, but reduces rigidity, making it suitable for light cutting or scenarios requiring high tool flexibility (such as complex contour machining). To simultaneously satisfy the above two technical effects, the values ​​of d1 and d2 were selected through experiments.

[0064] Preferably, d1 = (9 / 20) * D, d2 = (11 / 25) * D.

[0065] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A dovetail cutting tool, characterized in that, It includes a blade portion (1), which is provided with a first blade (11) and a second blade (12). The first blade (11) and the second blade (12) are distributed around the circumference of the blade portion (1). The first blade (11) and the second blade (12) are both helical blades, and the helical direction of the first blade (11) is opposite to that of the second blade (12).

2. The dovetail cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first blade (11) has a helix angle of β1 and the second blade (12) has a helix angle of β2, where 0 < β1 < 10° and -10° < β2 < 0.

3. The dovetail cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the blade (1) is connected to the handle (4), the first blade (11) includes a first end blade (iii), and the second blade (12) includes a second end blade (121); Along the axial direction of the handle (4), the second end blade (121) is closer to the handle (4) than the first end blade (iii).

4. The dovetail cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first blade (11) further includes a first peripheral blade (112), the end of the first peripheral blade (112) away from the handle (4) is connected to the first end blade (iii), and the second blade (12) further includes a second peripheral blade (122), the end of the second peripheral blade (122) away from the handle (4) is connected to the second end blade (121); The extension length of the first circumferential blade (112) is less than the extension length of the second circumferential blade (122).

5. The dovetail cutting tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first blade (11) further includes a first chamfered blade (113), which is connected to the end of the first peripheral blade (112) near the handle (4). The second blade (12) further includes a second chamfered blade (123), which is connected to the end of the second peripheral blade (122) near the handle (4). Along the axial direction of the shank (4) from the first end blade (iii) to the first chamfering blade (113), both the first chamfering blade (113) and the second chamfering blade (123) gradually approach the central axis of the shank (4); In the cross-section of any of the blade portions (1), the first chamfered edge (113) is closer to the axis of the blade portion (1) than the second chamfered edge (123), and the cross-section of the blade portion (1) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the handle portion (4).

6. The dovetail cutting tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The extension length of the first chamfering edge (113) is equal to the extension length of the second chamfering edge (123).

7. The dovetail cutting tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the handle (4), the length of the first peripheral blade (112) is h1, the distance from the intersection of the second peripheral blade (122) and the second end blade (121) to the end of the second chamfered blade (123) near the handle (4) is h2, the distance from the intersection of the first peripheral blade (112) and the first end blade (iii) to the intersection of the second peripheral blade (122) and the second end blade (121) is h3, the distance from the intersection of the first peripheral blade (112) and the first end blade (iii) to the end of the first chamfered blade (113) near the handle (4) is h4, and the maximum diameter of the blade part (1) is D; h1=0.45D, D≤h2≤1.1D, h3=0.05D, 0.9D≤h4≤D.

8. The dovetail cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The axis of the blade portion (1) is arranged along the first direction (X), there are two first blades (11), the two first blades (11) are arranged along the second direction (Y), there are two second blades (12), the two second blades (12) are arranged along the third direction (Z), and the first direction (X), the second direction (Y) and the third direction (Z) are perpendicular to each other; The minimum distance between the two first cutting edges (11) along the third direction (Z) is e1, e1 = (3 / 50) * D; and / or, the minimum distance between the two second cutting edges (12) along the second direction (Y) is e2, (1 / 100) * D ≤ e2 ≤ (1 / 40) * D; D is the maximum diameter of the blade portion (1).

9. The dovetail cutting tool according to claim 8, characterized in that, The core thickness between the chip removal grooves corresponding to the two first cutting edges (11) is d1, (7 / 20)*D≤d1≤(13 / 20)*D; And / or, the core thickness between the chip removal grooves corresponding to the two second cutting edges (12) is d2, (7 / 25)*D≤d2≤(19 / 25)*D, where D is the maximum diameter of the cutting edge (1).

10. The dovetail cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It also includes a clearance section (2), a transition section (3) and a handle section (4), wherein the blade section (1), the clearance section (2), the transition section (3) and the handle section (4) are connected in sequence.

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