An alloy end mill that facilitates chip removal

Abstract

This invention proposes an alloy end mill that facilitates chip breaking, comprising a shank and a drill body. Four main cutting edges extend outward from the center of the drill body away from the shank end. Each main cutting edge has a chip-breaking groove along its length. The centers of the four chip-breaking grooves are located on the same axis of the drill body and are respectively arranged on four circles of different diameters, staggered at 90° intervals along the circumference. The staggered chip-breaking grooves effectively avoid residual gaps or steps caused by overlapping cutting trajectories, achieving continuous cutting and efficient forming. The specific geometric structure at the bottom of the chip-breaking grooves helps control chip breaking and ensures smooth chip removal, preventing chip blockage. Simultaneously, the main cutting edges are divided into two groups of vertically arranged long and short backlashes, with different backlash angles to achieve coarse and fine chip separation and optimize the chip removal path, improving cutting stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drilling tool technology, and more specifically, to an alloy end mill that facilitates chip separation. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the field of machining, the forming of stepped holes, multi-diameter holes, or high-precision holes is generally accomplished by a combination of multi-stage drilling and milling. This involves changing tools of different diameters or types multiple times to sequentially cut the workpiece in layers. This traditional process not only suffers from frequent tool changes and long processing cycles, but is also prone to quality defects such as hole runout, rough hole walls, and residual steps due to the accumulation of positioning errors, especially in the machining of deep holes or high-strength materials.

[0003] To address this, various tool structures integrating drilling and milling functions have been proposed in existing technologies. For example, utility model patent CN208467351U discloses a drilling and milling tool, including a shank and a cutting section. A cutting edge, composed of multiple helical main cutting edges, is provided at the end of the cutting section. The inner ends of the helical main cutting edges converge at the center of the end of the cutting section, forming a sharp angle structure. Multiple helical chip removal grooves run through the cutting section. Secondary cutting edges are provided on the edges of the helical chip removal grooves. The number of helical chip removal grooves is the same as the number of helical main cutting edges, and their positions correspond one-to-one.

[0004] The cutting tool lacks precise control over chip morphology and the chip removal path is not optimized, making it prone to chip clogging.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an alloy end mill that is easy to chip remove and has a simple structure, in order to overcome the problems of poor chip removal in the prior art and improve processing efficiency and quality. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an alloy end mill that is easy to chip and has a simple structure.

[0007] An alloy end mill with easy chip breaking includes a shank 1 and a drill body 2. The drill body 2 is located at one end of the shank 1. The drill body 2 is characterized in that: four main cutting edges 3 extend outward from the center of the end away from the shank 1. Each main cutting edge 3 is provided with a chip breaking groove 12 along its length direction. The centers of the four chip breaking grooves 12 are located on the same axis of the drill body 2 and are respectively arranged on four circles of different diameters. They are staggered at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction to ensure that at least one main cutting edge 3 is in a complete cutting state at any axial position. This avoids the residual uncut material (notches / steps) on the machined surface due to the alignment of the chip breaking grooves 12. This is crucial for the machining of stepped holes, realizing the graded chip breaking of stepped chips, eliminating blind spots in the machining process, and optimizing dynamic balance. Secondary cutting edges 4 are evenly spaced on the side of the drill body 2. Each secondary cutting edge 4 is connected to the main cutting edge 3. A chip removal groove 5 is provided between adjacent secondary cutting edges 4. One end of the chip removal groove 5 is connected to the main cutting edge 3 to remove the waste generated by the cutting of the main cutting edge 3.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom of the chip-breaking groove 12 has a specific geometric shape, which is selected from one of the following: arc shape, V shape, or wave shape. This geometric shape plays a role in assisting chip breaking, controlling chip width and curling radius, improving chip discharge smoothness, and preventing chip clogging.

[0009] In some embodiments, the four main cutting edges 3 are divided into two sets of sub-cutting edges 31 arranged opposite to each other. One set of sub-cutting edges 31 consists of long backlash cutting edges 311 connected together, while the other set consists of short backlash cutting edges 312 disconnected. The two sets of sub-cutting edges 31 are arranged perpendicularly.

[0010] Furthermore, the long backlash cutting edge 311 has a backlash of 35°, forming a narrow and deep chip groove to enhance chip breaking, while the short backlash cutting edge 312 has a backlash of 40°, constructing a wide and shallow chip groove to accelerate chip removal.

[0011] In some implementations, the secondary cutting edge 4 has a stepped structure, which serves to perform layered cutting, reduce cutting resistance, and achieve multi-level hole forming.

[0012] Furthermore, the secondary cutting edge 4 includes a first secondary cutting edge 8, a second secondary cutting edge 9, and a third secondary cutting edge 10 arranged sequentially. Adjacent first secondary cutting edges 8, second secondary cutting edges 9, and third secondary cutting edges 10 are connected by a connecting transition part 13, which plays a role in smoothly transitioning cutting forces, reducing stress concentration, guiding chip flow, and ensuring the surface quality of machining with different step diameters.

[0013] Furthermore, the first secondary cutting edge 8 has an angle of 30°±0.5°, the second secondary cutting edge 9 has an angle of 45°±0.5°, and the third secondary cutting edge 10 has an angle of 17°±0.5°. Specifically, the first secondary cutting edge 8 is the roughing layer: high-rigidity entry, bearing the main cutting load; the second secondary cutting edge 9 is the transition layer: balancing radial / axial forces; and the third secondary cutting edge 10 is the finishing layer: low-resistance cutting. The angle combination is achieved through a three-order decomposition of cutting force: firstly, a stepped load distribution, with progressively reduced pressure from 30° to 45° and then to 17°; secondly, chip morphology control, with thick chips generated at 30°, followed by tearing and chip breaking at 45°, and thin chips formed at 17°, perfectly matching the chip-breaking groove 12; and thirdly, dynamic stability, with angle gradient changes disrupting the resonant frequency and reducing vibration acceleration.

[0014] Furthermore, the third cutting edge 10 is connected to the tool holder 1 through a redundant transition section 11. The redundant transition section 11 is designed to be redundant, which increases structural rigidity, disperses stress, prevents early failure caused by stress concentration or wear in the transition area, and improves tool durability.

[0015] Furthermore, the secondary cutting edge 4 has a width greater than 0.5mm, which enhances the structural strength and prevents it from vibrating.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model proposes an alloy end mill that facilitates chip breaking, including a shank 1 and a drill body 2. The drill body 2 extends outward from the center of the end away from the shank 1 to form four main cutting edges 3. Each main cutting edge 3 is provided with a chip breaking groove 12 along its length direction. The centers of the four chip breaking grooves 12 are located on the same axis of the drill body 2 and are respectively arranged on four circles of different diameters, and are staggered at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction. Through the staggered arrangement of the chip breaking grooves 12, residual gaps or steps caused by overlapping cutting trajectories can be effectively avoided, achieving continuous cutting and efficient forming. The specific geometric structure at the bottom of the chip breaking groove (such as arc shape, V shape, wave shape) helps to control chip breaking and smooth chip removal, preventing chip blockage. At the same time, the main cutting edges are divided into two groups of long tooth clearance and short tooth clearance, which are vertically arranged. With different tooth clearance angles, coarse and fine chip separation and chip removal path optimization are achieved, improving cutting stability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the carbide end mill for easy chip removal according to this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a left view of the carbide end mill for easy chip removal according to this application.

[0019] Explanation of main component symbols

[0020] 1. Tool holder; 2. Drill body; 3. Main cutting edge; 3. Sub-cutting edge; 31. Long backlash cutting edge; 311. Short backlash cutting edge; 312. Secondary cutting edge; 4. Chip removal groove; 5. First secondary cutting edge; 8. Secondary secondary cutting edge; 9. Third secondary cutting edge; 10. Redundant transition section; 11. Chip separation groove; 12. Connecting transition section; 13.

[0021] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following embodiments are described to aid in understanding this application. These embodiments are not, and should not be, construed in any way as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] In the following description, those skilled in the art will recognize that throughout this discussion, components may be described as individual functional units (which may include subunits), but those skilled in the art will recognize that various components or portions thereof may be divided into individual components or may be integrated together (including integrated within a single system or component).

[0024] Furthermore, the connection between components or systems is not intended to be limited to a direct connection; on the contrary, data between these components may be modified, reformatted, or otherwise altered by intermediate components. Additionally, other or fewer connections may be used. It should also be noted that the terms "connection," "link," or "input" should be understood to include direct connections, indirect connections via one or more intermediate devices, and wireless connections. Example 1:

[0025] like Figure 1 The image shown is a front view of the carbide end mill of this application, which facilitates chip removal; as shown... Figure 2 The image shown is a left view of the carbide end mill for easy chip removal according to this application.

[0026] An alloy end mill with easy chip breaking includes a shank 1 and a drill body 2. The drill body 2 is located at one end of the shank 1. The drill body 2 is characterized in that: four main cutting edges 3 extend outward from the center of the end away from the shank 1. Each main cutting edge 3 is provided with a chip breaking groove 12 along its length direction. The centers of the four chip breaking grooves 12 are located on the same axis of the drill body 2 and are respectively arranged on four circles of different diameters. They are staggered at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction to ensure that at least one main cutting edge 3 is in a complete cutting state at any axial position. This avoids the residual uncut material (notches / steps) on the machined surface due to the alignment of the chip breaking grooves 12. This is crucial for the machining of stepped holes, realizing the graded chip breaking of stepped chips, eliminating blind spots in the machining process, and optimizing dynamic balance. Secondary cutting edges 4 are evenly spaced on the side of the drill body 2. Each secondary cutting edge 4 is connected to the main cutting edge 3. A chip removal groove 5 is provided between adjacent secondary cutting edges 4. One end of the chip removal groove 5 is connected to the main cutting edge 3 to remove the waste generated by the cutting of the main cutting edge 3.

[0027] The bottom of the chip-breaking groove 12 has a specific geometric shape, which is selected from one of the following: arc shape, V shape, or wave shape. This geometric shape plays a role in assisting chip breaking, controlling chip width and curling radius, improving chip discharge smoothness, and preventing chip clogging.

[0028] The four main cutting edges 3 are divided into two sets of sub-cutting edges 31 arranged opposite to each other. One set of sub-cutting edges 31 consists of long-tooth-clearance cutting edges 311 that are connected together, and the other set consists of short-tooth-clearance cutting edges 312 that are disconnected. The two sets of sub-cutting edges 31 are arranged perpendicularly.

[0029] The long backlash cutting edge 311 has a backlash of 35°, forming a narrow and deep chip groove to enhance chip breaking, while the short backlash cutting edge 312 has a backlash of 40°, constructing a wide and shallow chip groove to accelerate chip removal.

[0030] The secondary cutting edge 4 has a stepped structure, which serves to perform layered cutting, reduce cutting resistance, and achieve multi-level hole forming.

[0031] The secondary cutting edge 4 includes a first secondary cutting edge 8, a second secondary cutting edge 9, and a third secondary cutting edge 10 arranged sequentially. Adjacent first secondary cutting edges 8, second secondary cutting edges 9, and third secondary cutting edges 10 are connected by a connecting transition part 13, which plays a role in smoothly transitioning cutting forces, reducing stress concentration, guiding chip flow, and ensuring the surface quality of machining with different step diameters.

[0032] The first set of cutting edges 8 has an angle of 30°±0.5°, the second set of cutting edges 9 has an angle of 45°±0.5°, and the third set of cutting edges 10 has an angle of 17°±0.5°. Specifically, the first set of cutting edges 8 is the roughing layer: high-rigidity entry, bearing the main cutting load; the second set of cutting edges 9 is the transition layer: balancing radial / axial forces; and the third set of cutting edges 10 is the finishing layer: low-resistance cutting. The angle combination is achieved through a three-order decomposition of cutting force: firstly, a stepped load distribution, with progressively reduced pressure from 30° to 45° and then to 17°; secondly, chip morphology control, with thick chips generated at 30°, followed by tearing and chip breaking at 45°, and thin chips formed at 17°, perfectly matching the chip-breaking groove 12; and thirdly, dynamic stability, with angle gradient changes disrupting the resonant frequency and reducing vibration acceleration.

[0033] The third set of cutting edges 10 is connected to the tool holder 1 through a redundant transition section 11. The redundant transition section 11 is designed to be redundant, which increases structural rigidity, disperses stress, prevents early failure caused by stress concentration or wear in the transition area, and improves tool durability.

[0034] The secondary cutting edge 4 has a width greater than 0.5mm, which enhances the structural strength and prevents it from vibrating.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model proposes an alloy end mill that facilitates chip breaking, including a shank 1 and a drill body 2. The drill body 2 extends outward from the center of the end away from the shank 1 to form four main cutting edges 3. Each main cutting edge 3 is provided with a chip breaking groove 12 along its length direction. The centers of the four chip breaking grooves 12 are located on the same axis of the drill body 2 and are respectively arranged on four circles of different diameters, and are staggered at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction. Through the staggered arrangement of the chip breaking grooves 12, residual gaps or steps caused by overlapping cutting trajectories can be effectively avoided, achieving continuous cutting and efficient forming. The specific geometric structure at the bottom of the chip breaking groove (such as arc shape, V shape, wave shape) helps to control chip breaking and smooth chip removal, preventing chip blockage. At the same time, the main cutting edges are divided into two groups of long tooth clearance and short tooth clearance, which are vertically arranged. With different tooth clearance angles, coarse and fine chip separation and chip removal path optimization are achieved, improving cutting stability.

[0036] Although this application discloses several aspects and embodiments, other aspects and embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed in this application are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit this application. The actual scope of protection of this application is determined by the claims.

Claims

1. An alloy end mill that facilitates chip separation, comprising a shank (1) and a drill body (2), wherein the drill body (2) is provided at one end of the shank (1), characterized in that: The drill body (2) extends outward from the center of the end away from the shank (1) to form 4 main cutting edges (3). Each main cutting edge (3) has a chip-breaking groove (12) along its length direction. The centers of the 4 chip-breaking grooves (12) are located on the same axis of the drill body (2) and are respectively set on 4 circles of different diameters and are staggered at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction. The drill body (2) has secondary cutting edges (4) evenly spaced on its side. Each secondary cutting edge (4) is connected to the main cutting edge (3). A chip removal groove (5) is provided between adjacent secondary cutting edges (4). One end of the chip removal groove (5) is connected to the main cutting edge (3) to remove the waste material generated by the cutting of the main cutting edge (3).

2. The alloy end mill for easy chip separation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the chip-breaking groove (12) has a specific geometric shape, which is selected from one of the arc shape, V shape or wave shape. This geometric shape plays a role in assisting chip breaking, controlling chip width and curling radius, improving chip discharge smoothness and preventing chip blockage.

3. The alloy end mill for easy chip separation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The four main cutting edges (3) are divided into two sets of sub-cutting edges (31) arranged opposite to each other. One set of sub-cutting edges (31) consists of long backlash cutting edges (311) that are connected together, and the other set consists of short backlash cutting edges (312) that are disconnected. The two sets of sub-cutting edges (31) are arranged perpendicularly.

4. The alloy end mill for easy chip separation as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The long backlash cutting edge (311) has a backlash of 35°, forming a narrow and deep chip groove to enhance chip breaking, while the short backlash cutting edge (312) has a backlash of 40°, forming a wide and shallow chip groove to accelerate chip removal.

5. The alloy end mill for easy chip separation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary cutting edge (4) has a stepped structure, which plays a role in layered cutting, reducing cutting resistance, and realizing multi-level hole forming.

6. The alloy end mill for easy chip separation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The secondary cutting edge (4) includes a first secondary cutting edge (8), a second secondary cutting edge (9), and a third secondary cutting edge (10) arranged sequentially. Adjacent first secondary cutting edges (8), second secondary cutting edges (9), and third secondary cutting edges (10) are connected by a connecting transition part (13).

7. The carbide end mill with easy chip separation as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The first set of cutting edges (8) has an angle of 30°±0.5°, the second set of cutting edges (9) has an angle of 45°±0.5°, and the third set of cutting edges (10) has an angle of 17°±0.5°.

8. The alloy end mill for easy chip separation as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The third cutting edge (10) is connected to the tool holder (1) through a redundant transition section (11).

9. The alloy end mill for easy chip separation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the secondary cutting edge (4) is greater than 0.5 mm, which enhances the structural strength and prevents it from vibrating.

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