A multi-head structure and laser welding equipment for laser welding of battery modules

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of battery module welding technology, specifically to a multi-pressure head structure and laser welding equipment for laser welding of battery modules. It includes: a moving component, which provides lateral and longitudinal degrees of freedom; a multi-pressure head assembly connected to the moving component, comprising several adjustable-height welding ports that allow the laser beam to pass through and contact the electrode posts to form a welding zone; and an airflow component connected to the multi-pressure head assembly, which creates a gas flow environment in the welding zone. This utility model uses the moving component to move the multi-pressure head assembly, adjusting its relative position to the electrode posts, thereby pressing and fixing the electrode posts to form a stable welding zone. The laser beam passes through the welding ports to weld the electrode posts and connecting pieces. The airflow component generates flowing gas to remove fumes from the welding zone, ensuring the cleanliness of the welding zone and improving the welding quality during the welding of multiple electrode posts using the multi-pressure head structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery module welding technology, specifically to a multi-head structure and laser welding equipment for laser welding of battery modules. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of power batteries, laser welding of battery module terminals has become the mainstream process in the industry due to its advantages such as high precision and low heat impact. With increasing production capacity demands, traditional single-station welding methods are struggling to meet the requirements of large-scale production due to efficiency bottlenecks. Therefore, the industry has gradually developed multi-head parallel welding devices, which significantly improve efficiency by welding multiple terminals simultaneously. However, the large-scale application of multi-head systems faces the following problems: 1. Laser obstruction risk: When multiple pressure heads are densely arranged, adjacent pressure heads or mechanical structures can easily obstruct the laser path, causing the welding energy of the laser beam falling on the battery terminal to decrease, affecting the consistency of weld penetration. 2. Welding fume pollution: The amount of metal spatter and fume generated by parallel welding increases dramatically. If not effectively controlled, it will contaminate the laser and reduce laser transmittance. At the same time, fume adhering to the weld surface will induce porosity defects. 3. Uneven terminal clamping force: There are height tolerances in the battery cell terminals. Traditional rigid pressure heads cannot adapt to height differences when forming a multi-pressure head structure, resulting in insufficient clamping force for low terminals (risk of cold welding) and overpressure for high terminals (terminal deformation), seriously reducing connection reliability. 4. Lack of coordinated control: After welding a single terminal, the pressure head and laser need to be raised simultaneously before moving to the next welding area, resulting in low efficiency when welding multiple terminals. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model addresses the welding quality issues encountered when welding multi-pole columns in multi-pressure head structures. It provides a multi-pressure head structure and laser welding equipment for laser welding battery modules. The specific technical solution is as follows: A multi-pressure head structure for laser welding of battery modules is disclosed. The laser welds the electrode posts of the battery module through the multi-pressure head structure. The multi-pressure head structure includes: a movable component with free ends forming lateral and longitudinal degrees of freedom; a multi-pressure head assembly connected to the free ends of the movable component, the multi-pressure head assembly including several independently adjustable welding ports that allow the laser beam from the laser to pass through and contact the electrode posts to form a welding area; and an airflow assembly connected to the multi-pressure head assembly, which creates a gas flow environment in the welding area to clean impurities from the welding area.

[0004] Preferably, the moving component includes a longitudinal slide rail connected to the multi-head assembly and a transverse slide rail connected to the longitudinal slide rail. The longitudinal slide rail can move the pressure head assembly and the airflow assembly vertically, and the transverse slide rail can move the longitudinal slide rail horizontally.

[0005] Preferably, the multi-pressure head assembly includes: an L-shaped mounting plate connected to the free end of the movable component; and several single pressure heads connected to the L-shaped mounting plate, with a welding joint formed at one end of each single pressure head facing the pole post, the axial direction of the welding joint being longitudinal, and the movable component driving the welding joint to press down and embed into the pole post.

[0006] Preferably, the single pressure head includes: a first conical sleeve and a second conical sleeve arranged coaxially, the first conical sleeve being positioned above the second conical sleeve, both the first and second conical sleeves forming a through weld joint; a spring compression shaft connected to an L-shaped mounting plate, the other end of the spring compression shaft being connected to the first conical sleeve, the spring compression shaft being able to deform under pressure to adjust the relative height between the weld joint and the pole post along the longitudinal direction.

[0007] Preferably, the airflow assembly includes: an air-blowing cavity communicating with the welding area, the air-blowing cavity being formed by the gap between the first conical sleeve and the second conical sleeve, and the airflow flowing through the air-blowing cavity flowing to the welding area through the air-blowing port; and an air-suction pipe connected to the L-shaped mounting plate, the air-suction pipe forming several dust removal ports communicating with the welding area, the airflow flowing through the air-suction pipe flowing to the welding area through the dust removal ports, the axial direction of the dust removal ports being consistent with the longitudinal direction.

[0008] A laser welding device includes: a multi-head structure and a laser.

[0009] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: This invention uses a movable component to move the multi-pressure head assembly, thereby adjusting the relative position of the multi-pressure head assembly with respect to the terminal posts of the battery module. This allows the multi-pressure head assembly to press and fix several terminal posts, thus forming a stable welding area. Secondly, the laser beam from the laser passes through the welding joint to weld the terminal posts and connecting pieces. The airflow component generates flowing gas to carry away smoke and dust and other impurities in the welding area, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the welding area and improving the welding quality during the welding of multiple terminal posts in the multi-pressure head structure. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a multi-head structure; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the image; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another angle of the multi-head structure embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 3 BB section view; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point C. In the diagram: 1. Moving component; 11. Horizontal slide rail; 12. Longitudinal slide rail; 2. Multi-pressure head assembly; 21. L-shaped mounting plate; 22. Single pressure head; 221. First conical sleeve; 222. Second conical sleeve; 223. Weld joint; 224. Spring compression shaft; 3. Airflow assembly; 31. Air blowing cavity; 32. Air blowing port; 33. Air intake pipe; 34. Dust removal port. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0012] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0013] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment is a multi-pressure head structure for laser welding of battery modules. The laser welds the electrode posts of the battery module through the multi-pressure head structure. The multi-pressure head structure includes: a moving component 1, the free end of which forms lateral and longitudinal degrees of freedom; a multi-pressure head component 2 connected to the free end of the moving component 1, the multi-pressure head component 2 including several independently adjustable welding ports 223, the welding ports 223 allowing the laser beam of the laser to pass through to contact the electrode post and form a welding area; and an airflow component 3 connected to the multi-pressure head component 2, the airflow component 3 forming a gas flow environment in the welding area to clean impurities in the welding area.

[0014] Specifically, as is known from conventional technology in this field, the working principle of a laser (conventional device, not shown in the figure) welding battery module terminals is to use a high-energy-density laser beam passing through the welding joint of the multi-pressure head assembly as a heat source to precisely melt the connection area between the terminal and the connecting piece, forming a strong and low-resistance metallurgical weld. This connection area is the welding zone. Secondly, the spatial movement structure and the moving components of the laser are set independently and their movement trajectories are controlled by a controller, enabling them to move independently and also to have coordinated movement.

[0015] Secondly, the multi-pressure head assembly 2 includes fourteen welding ports 223, arranged in seven rows along the horizontal (left-right) direction and two rows along the front-back direction. Each welding port 223 is a through-hole allowing the laser beam to pass through and enter the welding area. The welding ports 223 are arranged in a regular pattern, with the laser beam's optical path parallel to the axis of the welding ports 223. This ensures that the multi-pressure head structure does not obstruct the laser beam's path, preventing the laser beam from attenuating on the battery terminal and ensuring consistent weld penetration. Furthermore, the moving assembly 1 can move the multi-pressure head assembly 2 horizontally or vertically, thereby lowering the regularly arranged welding ports 223 to contact the terminal and connecting piece. During contact, the welding ports 223 apply pressure to maintain the relative fixation between the terminal and the connecting piece. Simultaneously, the welding ports 223 can adjust their relative height to the terminal and connecting piece according to the pressure applied, allowing them to handle any uneven surfaces. Applying similar pressure to poles with the same height difference ensures their fixation and avoids applying excessive or insufficient pressure. Secondly, when the welding port 223 contacts the pole and connecting piece, a welding zone is formed. Since various spatters are generated during laser welding, the welding zone needs to be kept clean. The airflow component 3 uses flowing air to continuously carry away the spatters generated in the welding zone, avoiding smoke and dust pollution. In short, the moving component 1 independently moves the multi-pressure head component 2, and the laser and the multi-pressure head component 2 move separately. When several welding ports 223 contact the pole and connecting piece to form a welding zone, the welding ports 223 can adapt to poles of different heights, allowing the laser beam to pass through the welding ports 223 and just contact the pole and connecting piece, thus forming a suitable welding zone. This allows the airflow of the airflow component 3 to reach the entire area of ​​the welding zone, thoroughly cleaning the welding zone, ensuring the cleanliness of the welding environment, and thus improving the welding quality under the multi-pressure head structure.

[0016] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the moving component 1 includes a longitudinal slide rail 12 connected to the multi-head assembly 2 and a transverse slide rail 11 connected to the longitudinal slide rail 12. The longitudinal slide rail 12 can raise and lower the pressure head assembly and the airflow assembly 3 in the longitudinal direction, and the transverse slide rail 11 can move the longitudinal slide rail 12 in the transverse direction.

[0017] Specifically, horizontal refers to Figure 3 The left and right directions in the middle, and the vertical direction refers to Figure 4In the vertical direction, the horizontal and vertical directions form a vertical plane E. Secondly, the vertical slide rail 12 is fixedly connected to the multi-pressure head assembly 2 by bolts. It can raise and lower the multi-pressure head assembly 2 in the vertical direction through a servo screw linear transmission mechanism, thereby raising and lowering the welding port 223 to adjust its relative height with the pole and connecting piece. Secondly, the horizontal slide rail 11 is fixedly connected to the slider of the vertical slide rail 12 by bolts and connecting blocks, so that the horizontal slide rail 11 can move the vertical slide rail 12 in the horizontal direction through a servo screw linear transmission mechanism, thereby moving the multi-pressure head assembly 2 in the horizontal direction, thereby moving the welding port 223 in the horizontal direction to adjust its horizontal relative position with the pole and connecting piece. In short, the vertical slide rail 12 and the horizontal slide rail 11 can move the welding port 223 in the vertical plane E to adjust its relative position with respect to the pole and connecting piece of the battery module.

[0018] Furthermore, the multi-head assembly 2 includes: an L-shaped mounting plate 21 connected to the free end of the movable assembly 1; and a plurality of single pressure heads 22 connected to the L-shaped mounting plate 21, wherein a welding port 223 is formed at one end of the single pressure head 22 facing the pole post, the axial direction of the welding port 223 is longitudinal, and the movable assembly 1 drives the welding port 223 to press down and embed into the pole post.

[0019] Specifically, the vertical plate of the L-shaped mounting plate 21 is parallel to the vertical plane E and is fixedly connected to the longitudinal slide rail 12. The horizontal plate of the L-shaped mounting plate 21 is located on the horizontal plane and is fixedly connected to the single pressure head 22 by bolts. The end of the single pressure head 22 near the pole post and the connecting piece forms a through hole, which is the welding port 223. This ensures that the axis of the welding port 223 is parallel to the optical path of the laser beam, thereby ensuring that the laser beam can always pass through the welding port 223 without obstruction during the movement of the moving component 1 and the movement of several single pressure heads 22. This allows the laser to press down on the pole post at the same time as the single pressure head 22, and the laser to rise at the same time as the single pressure head 22 after welding is completed, further reducing the total welding time and improving welding efficiency while ensuring welding quality.

[0020] like Figure 5 As shown, the single pressure head 22 includes: a first conical sleeve 221 and a second conical sleeve 222 arranged coaxially, the first conical sleeve 221 being positioned above the second conical sleeve 222, and both the first conical sleeve 221 and the second conical sleeve 222 forming a through weld joint 223; a spring compression shaft 224 connected to the L-shaped mounting plate 21, the other end of the spring compression shaft 224 being connected to the first conical sleeve 221, and the spring compression shaft 224 being able to deform under pressure to adjust the relative height between the weld joint 223 and the pole post along the longitudinal direction.

[0021] Specifically, the top end of the spring compression shaft 224 is slidably connected to the L-shaped mounting plate 21 and has a limiting structure, so that when the compression spring sleeved on the outside of the spring compression shaft 224 is compressed, its top end can slide relative to the L-shaped mounting plate 21, and the sliding direction is consistent with its axial direction and is vertical; the bottom end of the spring compression shaft is fixedly connected to the first conical sleeve 221 through the connecting block, and the first conical sleeve 221 is fixedly connected to the second conical sleeve 222 through bolts. Both of them form a through welded joint 223 in the middle position. When the moving component 1 presses down the welded joint 223 to contact and fix the pole and the connecting piece, the compression spring is compressed, and the spring compression shaft 224 rises relative to the L-shaped mounting plate 21, so that the single pressure head 22 can adapt to poles of different heights, so that poles of different heights are all subjected to clamping force to keep them fixed with the connecting piece, thereby ensuring that the two can remain fixed during the laser welding of the pole and the connecting piece to ensure the welding quality.

[0022] Furthermore, the airflow assembly 3 includes: an air blowing cavity 31 connected to the welding area, the air blowing cavity 31 is formed by the intermediate gap between the first conical sleeve 221 and the second conical sleeve 222, and the airflow flowing through the air blowing cavity 31 flows to the welding area through the air blowing port 32; and an air suction pipe 33 connected to the L-shaped mounting plate 21, the air suction pipe 33 forming a plurality of dust removal ports 34 connected to the welding area, and the airflow flowing through the air suction pipe 33 flows to the welding area through the dust removal ports 34, the axial direction of the dust removal ports 34 being consistent with the longitudinal direction.

[0023] Specifically, both the first conical sleeve 221 and the second conical sleeve 222 have parallel conical surfaces with a gap between them, forming an air-blowing cavity 31. One end of the air-blowing cavity 31 is connected to the weld joint 223, and the other end is connected to an external air pump, allowing the air pump to enter the weld joint 223 through the air-blowing cavity 31 and flow through the welding area, thereby removing spatter generated during the welding process and maintaining the cleanliness of the welding environment. Secondly, suction pipes 33 are respectively arranged in the left and right directions of the L-shaped mounting plate 21. Figure 4 The structure is arranged in a horizontal direction (left and right), with one end connected to the suction pump (the suction pump is a conventional structure). The other end has several through-holes 34 evenly formed along the horizontal direction, allowing external airflow to enter the suction pump, flow through the suction pipe 33, and then enter the dust collection frame under the suction force of the suction pump. This enhances the gas flow in the welding area and accelerates the flow of spatter carried in the gas, thereby speeding up the dust collection and ensuring the cleanliness of the welding area.

[0024] Example 2 A laser welding device includes: Embodiment 1 and a laser, the laser emitting a laser beam that sequentially passes through a plurality of welding ports 223 to weld poles and connecting pieces at different positions.

[0025] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0026] The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this utility model are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A multi-pressure head structure for laser welding of battery modules, wherein a laser welds the terminals of the battery module through the multi-pressure head structure, characterized in that, The multi-head structure includes: A movable component (1), the free end of which forms lateral and longitudinal degrees of freedom; A multi-head assembly (2) connected to the free end of the moving component (1) includes a plurality of independently adjustable welding ports (223), which allow the laser beam of the laser to pass through to contact the pole post to form a welding area; An airflow assembly (3) connected to the multi-head assembly (2) forms a gas flow environment in the welding area to clean impurities in the welding area.

2. The multi-head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving component (1) includes a longitudinal slide rail (12) connected to the multi-head assembly (2) and a transverse slide rail (11) connected to the longitudinal slide rail (12). The longitudinal slide rail (12) is capable of raising and lowering the multi-head assembly and the airflow assembly (3) in the longitudinal direction, and the transverse slide rail (11) is capable of moving the longitudinal slide rail (12) in the transverse direction.

3. The multi-head structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-head assembly (2) includes: An L-shaped mounting plate (21) is connected to the free end of the moving component (1); A plurality of single pressure heads (22) are connected to the L-shaped mounting plate (21). The end of the single pressure head (22) facing the pole post forms the welding port (223). The axial direction of the welding port (223) is longitudinal. The moving component (1) drives the welding port (223) to press down and embed into the pole post.

4. The multi-head structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The single pressure head (22) includes: A first conical sleeve (221) and a second conical sleeve (222) are coaxially arranged, with the first conical sleeve (221) positioned above the second conical sleeve (222). Both the first conical sleeve (221) and the second conical sleeve (222) form a through weld joint (223). A spring compression shaft (224) is connected to the L-shaped mounting plate (21), and the other end of the spring compression shaft (224) is connected to the first tapered sleeve (221). The spring compression shaft (224) can be deformed under pressure to adjust the relative height between the weld joint (223) and the pole post in the longitudinal direction.

5. The multi-head structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The airflow assembly (3) includes: The air blowing cavity (31) is connected to the welding area. The air blowing cavity (31) is formed by the middle gap between the first conical sleeve (221) and the second conical sleeve (222). The airflow flowing through the air blowing cavity (31) flows to the welding area through the air blowing port (32). The suction pipe (33) is connected to the L-shaped mounting plate (21). The suction pipe (33) forms a plurality of dust removal ports (34) that are connected to the welding area. The airflow flowing through the suction pipe (33) flows to the welding area through the dust removal ports (34). The axial direction of the dust removal ports (34) is consistent with the longitudinal direction.

6. A laser welding device, characterized in that, include: The multi-head structure and laser as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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