A self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair

Abstract

This utility model discloses a self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair, relating to the technical field of machine tool guideway pairs. It aims to solve the technical problem that existing self-lubricating machine tool guideway pairs cannot guarantee stable lubrication at high speeds when there is no electrical equipment driving the oil supply. The guideway pair includes a slide rail and a sliding sleeve slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide rail. An oil groove is formed inside the sliding sleeve. When the sliding sleeve of the self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair disclosed in this utility model moves, the balls roll due to contact friction with the slide rail. When the sliding sleeve moves at high speed, the balls also roll at high speed, quickly carrying the lubricating oil in the main oil passage to the arc groove. The oil is then diverted from several oil channels connected within the arc groove to the cotton pad. Through the capillary action of the cotton pad, the oil is retained and evenly distributed, ensuring good lubrication and oil retention even at high speeds, thus minimizing waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool guideway pair technology, and more specifically, to a self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair. Background Technology

[0002] Machine tool guideways are one of the core basic components of a machine tool. Their function is to support and guide moving parts to slide with high precision along a predetermined trajectory. They are usually composed of moving guideways and fixed stationary guideways, which form a sliding friction or rolling friction pair. In order to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the movement and reduce wear, the guideway pair must be adequately and effectively lubricated. Traditional lubrication methods rely on manual periodic addition of lubricating oil or grease, which not only increases maintenance costs and workload, but may also lead to increased wear and creeping of the guideways due to untimely or improper lubrication, thereby affecting the overall performance and reliability of the machine tool.

[0003] Self-lubricating machine tool guideways can achieve long-term, minimally manual lubrication through built-in oil storage structures or materials. However, high-viscosity lubricating oil is prone to clogging the oil supply holes. Self-lubricating solutions using low-viscosity lubricating oil are commonly used due to their good fluidity, strong penetration, and ability to effectively reduce frictional heat generation. However, during use, low-viscosity lubricating oil has lower oil film strength and poor adhesion. Under continuous high-speed operation of the guideway, it is easily squeezed out of the friction contact area, resulting in waste. It is difficult to form a sufficiently thick and stable lubricating oil film, which leads to a significant reduction in the effective lubrication duration. To maintain the lubrication effect, a large amount of low-viscosity lubricating oil needs to be continuously squeezed out, which is very wasteful of lubricating oil.

[0004] Existing self-lubricating machine tool guideways can employ different lubrication schemes. Among these, schemes that do not require external drive equipment include the oil groove and ball bearing scheme and the oil groove and capillary oil line scheme. In the oil groove and ball bearing scheme, the thin lubricating oil is unevenly applied and easily lost when the ball bearings rotate at high speed. The oil groove and capillary oil line scheme can achieve continuous lubrication by utilizing capillary action. However, the lubrication rate due to capillary action is slow and constant, which can easily lead to insufficient lubrication supply when the moving guideway travels at high speed. In view of this, we propose a self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: including a slide rail; A sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide rail, and an oil groove is provided inside the sliding sleeve; The sealing elements are installed at both ends of the sliding sleeve to prevent contaminants from entering the interior of the sliding sleeve; The oil distribution circuit includes a main oil passage opened on the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve and connecting the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve and the oil groove. There are several main oil passages. An arc groove is opened at the end of the main oil passage. Several branch oil passages are connected to the inner side wall of the arc groove. The ball bearing is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the arc groove. The capillary element includes a cotton pad disposed on the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve and connected to the end of the oil distribution channel. A circular hole is opened on the surface of the cotton pad corresponding to the position of the ball. When the sliding sleeve is in motion, the ball can rub against the outer side wall of the slide rail and rotate on the inner side wall of the arc groove.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the sealing element includes sealing plates installed at both ends of the sliding sleeve, and a scraper is installed on the outer wall of the sealing plate.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the scraper blade is made of a rigid material, and the sealing plate is made of a flexible material.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the sliding sleeve is provided with an oil storage component, the oil storage component includes an oil groove, the oil groove inlet is equipped with a threaded oil nozzle, and the outer wall of the threaded oil nozzle is detachably connected with a threaded cap.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the arc groove has an encirclement angle greater than 180 degrees, and the opening width of the arc groove is smaller than the diameter of the ball.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the thickness of the cotton pad should not be less than the straight-line distance between the inner wall of the sliding sleeve and the slide rail.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects: The self-lubricating machine tool guideway assembly disclosed in this utility model has a rolling ball bearing that rolls due to contact friction with the guideway during the sliding sleeve's movement. When the sliding sleeve moves at high speed, the ball bearing also rolls at high speed, quickly carrying the lubricating oil in the main oil passage to the arc groove. The oil is then diverted from the several oil distribution channels connected within the arc groove to the cotton pad. Through the capillary action of the cotton pad, the oil is retained and evenly distributed, ensuring that even under high-speed movement of the sliding sleeve, the thin lubricating oil maintains a good lubrication effect and retains oil well, minimizing waste. This solves the problem that existing self-lubricating machine tool guideway assemblies cannot guarantee stable lubrication at high speeds when there is no electrical equipment driving the oil supply. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 3 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the sliding sleeve provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0015] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Slide rail; 2. Slide sleeve; 3. Seal; 4. Oil reservoir; 5. Oil distribution channel; 6. Ball bearing; 7. Capillary element; 301. Scraper blade; 302. Sealing plate; 401. Oil tank; 402. Threaded grease nipple; 403. Threaded cap; 501. Main oil passage; 502. Circular arc groove; 503. Oil distribution passage; 701, cotton pad; 702, round hole. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Please see Figures 1-5 This utility model embodiment provides a technical solution: including a slide rail 1; Sliding sleeve 2 is slidably connected to the outer wall of slide rail 1, and an oil groove 401 is provided inside the sliding sleeve 2; The sealing element 3 is installed at both ends of the sliding sleeve 2 to prevent contaminants from entering the interior of the sliding sleeve 2; In another embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the sealing element 3 includes sealing plates 302 installed at both ends of the sliding sleeve 2, and a scraper 301 is installed on the outer wall of the sealing plate 302.

[0018] In another embodiment of the present invention, the scraper 301 is made of a rigid material and the sealing sheet 302 is made of a flexible material.

[0019] The seal 3 effectively prevents contaminants from the external environment, such as dust and debris, from entering the interior of the slide sleeve 2, protecting the cleanliness of the guide rail pair and reducing abnormal wear; the scraper 301 can be a metal sheet or a hard plastic sheet, specifically used to scrape off large particulate contaminants from the surface of the slide rail 1, and the inner layer uses an elastic contact seal 302, preferably a rubber sheet or a silicone sheet, to prevent fine dust and liquid from entering.

[0020] In another embodiment of the present invention, an oil storage component 4 is provided inside the sliding sleeve 2. The oil storage component 4 includes an oil tank 401. A threaded oil nozzle 402 is installed at the oil inlet of the oil tank 401. A threaded cap 403 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the threaded oil nozzle 402.

[0021] The oil distribution path 5 includes a main oil passage 501 opened on the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve 2 and connecting the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve 2 and the oil groove 401. There are several main oil passages 501. An arc groove 502 is opened at the end of the main oil passage 501. The inner side wall of the arc groove 502 is connected to several branch oil passages 503. The main oil passage 501 is located on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 2 and has several channels. One end of the main oil passage is connected to the oil groove 401, and the other end is connected to the arc groove 502. The other end of the arc groove 502 is aligned with the slide rail 1. The branch oil passage 503 has several channels. Its inlet end is connected to the arc groove 502, and its outlet end is connected to the cotton pad 701, which is used to distribute the lubricating oil outward.

[0022] Ball bearing 6 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the arc groove 502; In another embodiment of this utility model, the arc groove 502 has an encirclement angle greater than 180 degrees, the opening width of the arc groove 502 is smaller than the diameter of the ball 6, and the arc groove 502 can hold the ball 6 to prevent the ball 6 from falling off.

[0023] When the sliding sleeve 2 moves along the slide rail 1, the balls 6 roll under the action of friction.

[0024] The capillary element 7 includes a cotton pad 701 disposed on the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve 2 and connected to the end of the oil distribution channel 503. A circular hole 702 is provided on the surface of the cotton pad 701 corresponding to the position of the ball 6. When the sliding sleeve 2 is in motion, the ball 6 can rub against the outer side wall of the slide rail 1 and rotate on the inner side wall of the arc groove 502.

[0025] The cotton pad 701 is disposed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 2 and is connected to the outlet end of the oil distribution channel 503 so as to absorb the lubricating oil and retain the excess lubricating oil on the cotton pad 701. As the movement progresses, the oil is evenly applied to the outer wall of the slide rail 1. A round hole 702 is also provided on the surface of the cotton pad 701 corresponding to the position of each ball 6. The round hole 702 provides space for the rotation of the ball 6. In another embodiment of this utility model, the thickness of the cotton pad 701 should not be less than the straight-line distance between the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 2 and the slide rail 1.

[0026] This ensures that the cotton pad 701 can always maintain contact with the surface of the slide rail 1 during operation, thereby continuously applying lubricating oil to the contact surface with the slide rail 1 through capillary action, achieving uniform and stable lubrication. Working Principle: This embodiment provides a self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair. During use, ensure sufficient dilute lubricating oil is present in the oil groove 401 beforehand. When the sliding sleeve 2 slides at high speed along the slide rail 1, the rotating balls 6 within the arc groove 502 roll under friction, rapidly carrying out the low-viscosity lubricating oil from the oil groove 401 via the main oil passage 501. The lubricating oil is then diverted through multiple branch oil passages 503 connected to the arc groove 502 and transported to the large-area cotton pad 701. Simultaneously, when the balls 6 contact the slide rail 1, they also carry away some dilute lubricating oil. Lubricating oil is applied to the surface of slide rail 1. Cotton pad 701 uses the capillary adsorption of its material to retain the lubricating oil and evenly distribute it on the friction surface of slide rail 1. Because cotton pad 701 can absorb and retain oil, it can reduce oil loss. When running at low speed, the excess oil absorbed at high speed is then applied to the surface of slide rail 1 through cotton pad 701. This ensures that even when the slide sleeve 2 is moving at high speed, it can still maintain a good lubrication effect of thin lubricating oil and a good oil retention effect, which does not easily cause waste. Moreover, it can maintain a stable lubrication effect under the condition of frequent high and low speed switching.

[0027] The foregoing description only illustrates certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair, characterized by, Including slide rail (1); The sliding sleeve (2) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide rail (1), and an oil groove (401) is provided inside the sliding sleeve (2). The sealing element (3) is installed at both ends of the sliding sleeve (2) to prevent contaminants from entering the interior of the sliding sleeve (2); The oil distribution path (5) includes a main oil passage (501) opened on the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve (2) and connecting the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve (2) and the oil groove (401). There are several main oil passages (501). An arc groove (502) is opened at the end of the main oil passage (501). Several branch oil passages (503) are connected to the inner side wall of the arc groove (502). The ball bearing (6) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the arc groove (502); The capillary element (7) includes a cotton pad (701) disposed on the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve (2) and connected to the end of the oil distribution channel (503). A circular hole (702) is provided on the surface of the cotton pad (701) corresponding to the position of the ball (6). When the sliding sleeve (2) is in motion, the ball (6) can rub against the outer side wall of the slide rail (1) and rotate on the inner side wall of the arc groove (502).

2. The self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seal (3) includes sealing plates (302) installed at both ends of the sliding sleeve (2), and a scraper (301) is installed on the outer wall of the sealing plate (302).

3. The self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair according to claim 2, characterized in that, The scraper (301) is made of a rigid material, and the sealing sheet (302) is made of a flexible material.

4. The self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding sleeve (2) is provided with an oil storage component (4), which includes an oil groove (401). A threaded oil nozzle (402) is installed at the oil inlet of the oil groove (401), and a threaded cap (403) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the threaded oil nozzle (402).

5. A self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair according to claim 4, characterized in that, The arc groove (502) has an encirclement angle greater than 180 degrees, and the opening width of the arc groove (502) is smaller than the diameter of the ball (6).

6. A self-lubricating machine tool guideway pair according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the cotton sheet (701) should not be less than the straight-line distance between the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (2) and the slide rail (1).

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