Machining fixture for forged axles

Abstract

This utility model discloses a machining fixture for forged wheel axles, including a base, at least two first supports, a first engagement groove on each first support that mates with the wheel axle, and the first supports being fixed to the base. A first positioning mechanism, mounted on the base, engages with a columnar boss in the wheel axle to position the wheel axle axially. A first pressure-applying component applies downward pressure to a first protrusion in the wheel axle and is connected to the first supports. A second positioning mechanism, connected to the first supports, positions the first protrusion longitudinally. This utility model provides stable and reliable clamping of the wheel axle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology after forging of parts, and specifically to a machining fixture for forged wheel shafts. Background Technology

[0002] Wheel axles are used to mount parts such as wheels, and they play a very important role in vehicles. To ensure that the wheel axles used in small vehicles have high strength, the manufacturing process is as follows: first, a blank part of the wheel axle is obtained by forging, and then the blank part is machined to meet the dimensional requirements of the design drawings.

[0003] like Figure 1 The wheel axle A shown includes a wheel axle body 1. A columnar boss 2 is provided in the middle of the wheel axle body 1. A first protrusion 3 and a second protrusion 4 are provided on the circumferential surface of the columnar boss 2. There are two first protrusions 3, which are fixed to the columnar boss 2 and the wheel axle body 1 respectively. The second protrusion 4 is located between the two first protrusions 3. Holes 5 are provided on the end faces of both ends of the columnar boss 2.

[0004] After obtaining the blank of the aforementioned wheel axle A by forging, the first machining process is to precision bore the hole 5 and mill the axial end faces at both ends of the wheel axle body 1. A center hole is also machined on the axial end face of the wheel axle body 1 so that the wheel axle can be clamped by using a center or other tools in conjunction with the center hole when machining the circumferential surface of the wheel axle A in the next process.

[0005] CN219542432U discloses a vertical machining fixture for automotive wheel axles. The fixture uses a clamping assembly to move a clamping plate, and a control assembly to move a top plate to clamp and fix the wheel axle. At the same time, a limiting plate is provided on the clamping plate to limit and guide the wheel axle. Thus, when the wheel axle is clamped vertically, it can limit the wheel axle in the vertical direction and prevent the wheel axle from tilting.

[0006] The aforementioned fixture solves the problem of tilting during wheel and axle clamping. However, its clamping assembly consists of two clamping cylinders and two limiting plates. Each clamping cylinder is connected to a limiting plate. The clamping cylinders drive the limiting plates to move, and the two limiting plates exert a clamping force on the wheel and axle, thereby clamping it. In actual machining, if the cutting force on the wheel and axle is too large, the gas inside the cylinder is compressible, and the cutting force can easily cause fluctuations in the piston rod of the cylinder, resulting in unstable clamping of the wheel and axle by the fixture. Utility Model Content

[0007] This invention provides a machining fixture for forged wheel axles, which provides stable and reliable clamping of the wheel axles.

[0008] The technical solutions to the above technical problems are as follows:

[0009] The machining fixture for the forged wheel axle includes a base, a first support, at least two first supports, each first support having a first engagement groove that mates with the wheel axle, and the first support being fixed to the base. It also includes:

[0010] A first positioning mechanism that engages with a columnar boss in the axle to position the axle axially; the first positioning mechanism is mounted on a base.

[0011] A first pressure-applying component applies downward pressure to a first protrusion in the axle, and the first pressure-applying component is connected to a first support.

[0012] A second positioning mechanism for longitudinally positioning the first protrusion in the wheel axle, the second positioning mechanism being connected to the first support.

[0013] In this invention, after the columnar boss falls into the first mating groove, the positioning plate provides axial (lateral) positioning for the columnar boss. Since the columnar boss is integrally formed with the wheel axle body, the first positioning mechanism provides axial positioning for the entire wheel axle. Under the action of the first pressure-applying component and the first support, the wheel axle is positioned vertically. Two second positioning mechanisms clamp the first protrusion, thereby providing longitudinal positioning for the wheel axle. Therefore, this invention provides multi-directional positioning of the wheel axle mechanically. Compared to the cylinder-output clamping force, which causes cylinder floating during operation due to cutting force, this invention does not experience floating during the cutting process. Therefore, this invention provides stable and reliable clamping of the wheel axle. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of a forged wheel axle.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the machining fixture for the forged wheel axle of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 In order to be in Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the parts that have been partially hidden.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a first cross-sectional view of the machining fixture for the forged wheel shaft of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the first support and the second positioning mechanism.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the first positioning mechanism.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a second cross-sectional view of the machining fixture for the forged wheel shaft of this utility model.

[0021] Wheel axle A, wheel axle body 1, columnar boss 2, first protrusion 3, second protrusion 4, hole 5.

[0022] Base 11, stepped hole 11a, guide groove 11b, first clearance hole 11c, second threaded hole 11d, first support 12, first engagement groove 12a, lower support 12b, first threaded hole 12c, clearance hole 12d, L-shaped support 12e, first nut 12f, first mounting hole 12g, second mounting hole 12h, fastener 12i, second positioning mechanism 13, base plate 14, positioning plate 15, first engagement groove 15a, annular baffle 15b, second engagement groove 15c, spring 16, first bolt 17, second bolt 18, pressure plate 19, first clearance groove 19a, second clearance groove 19b, screw 20, second nut 21, second support 22, third engagement groove 22a, first screw 23, second pressure block 24, third nut 25. Detailed Implementation

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the machining fixture for the forged wheel shaft of this utility model includes a base 11, a first support 12, a first positioning mechanism, a first pressure application component, and a second positioning mechanism 13. The following is a detailed description of each part and the relationship between them.

[0028] At least two first supports 12 are provided. Each first support 12 has a first engagement groove 12a that mates with the axle A. After the axle A mates with the first engagement groove 12a, the first support 12 provides support for the axle A. The first support 12 is fixed to the base 11. The first support 12 includes a lower support 12b, an upper support, and a fastener 12i. The first engagement groove 12a is provided on the lower support 12b, which is fixed to the base 11. The fastener 12i is preferably a screw, which fixes the upper support and the lower support 12b. The lower support 12b has a first threaded hole 12c, and the upper support has a clearance hole 12d. The first pressure-applying component passes through the clearance hole 12d and is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole 12c. The second positioning mechanism 13 is connected to the upper support.

[0029] The upper support includes an L-shaped support 12e and a first nut 12f. The L-shaped support 12e has a first mounting hole 12g and a second mounting hole 12h. The clearance hole 12d is provided on the L-shaped support 12e. There are multiple first mounting holes 12g, which are located around the clearance hole 12d. After the fastener 12i passes through the first mounting hole 12g and connects with the lower support 12b, the upper support and the lower support 12b are fixed. The fastener 12i passes through the first mounting hole 12g and is threadedly connected to the threaded mounting hole provided on the lower support 12b, thus fastening the L-shaped support 12e and the lower support 12b into one unit. There are two second mounting holes 12h. The center of the first nut 12f and the center of the second mounting hole 12h are located on the same straight line. The second positioning mechanism 13 passes through the second mounting hole 12h and is threadedly connected to the first nut 12f.

[0030] The second positioning mechanism 13 positions the first protrusion 3 in the longitudinal direction of the wheel axle A. The second positioning mechanism 13 is connected to the first support 12. In this embodiment, the second positioning mechanism 13 is a bolt. The second positioning mechanism 13 passes through the second mounting hole 12h and is threadedly connected to the first nut 12f. The second positioning mechanism 13 abuts against the side wall surface of the first protrusion 3. In this embodiment, both opposite side walls of the first protrusion 3 abut against the second positioning mechanism 13. Therefore, the two second positioning mechanisms 13 form a clamping effect on the first protrusion 3, thereby positioning the wheel axle A in the longitudinal direction (Z direction).

[0031] The first positioning mechanism cooperates with the columnar boss 2 in the axle A to position the axle A axially. The first positioning mechanism is mounted on the base 11 and is located between the two first supports 12. The first positioning mechanism includes a base plate 14, a positioning plate 15, and a spring 16. The base 11 is provided with a stepped hole 11a and a guide groove 11b. The stepped hole 11a is located between the two first supports 12, and there are two guide grooves 11b, which are respectively connected to the stepped hole 11a. The base plate 14 cooperates with the stepped hole 11a and is fastened to the base 11 by screws. The positioning plate 15 is slidably engaged with the guide groove 11b. One end of the positioning plate 15 is provided with a first engagement groove 15a for cooperating with the columnar boss 2. The first engagement groove 15a is V-shaped. When the columnar boss 2 falls into the first engagement groove 15a, the positioning plate 15 positions the columnar boss 2. Since the columnar boss 2 is integrally formed with the axle body 1, the axial (X-direction) positioning of the entire axle A is thus achieved.

[0032] One end of the spring 16 abuts against the base plate 14, and the other end of the spring 16 abuts against the positioning plate 15. The positioning plate 15 is also provided with a second connecting groove 15c, which is located below the first connecting groove 15a. The other end of the spring 16 abuts against the groove wall of the second connecting groove 15c.

[0033] The other end of the positioning plate 15 is provided with an annular baffle 15b with a center. The spring 16 cooperates with the center hole of the annular baffle 15b. When the positioning plate 15 is pushed by the spring 16 and passes through the annular baffle 15b and engages with the step of the stepped hole 11a, the annular baffle 15b is limited. At this time, the positioning plate 15 rises to its highest position under the elastic force of the spring 16.

[0034] The first pressure-applying component applies downward pressure to the first protrusion 3 in the wheel axle A. The first pressure-applying component is connected to the first support 12. Under the action of the first pressure-applying component and the first support 12, the wheel axle A is positioned in the vertical direction (Y direction).

[0035] The first pressure-applying assembly includes a first bolt 17, a second bolt 18, and a pressure plate 19. One end of the pressure plate 19 has a first clearance groove 19a, and the other end has a second clearance groove 19b. The first bolt 17 passes through the first clearance groove 19a and is threaded to the first support 12. The second bolt 18 passes through the second clearance groove 19b and is threaded to the first support 12. Two first threaded holes 12c are provided on the end face of the first support 12 and are located on both sides of the first mating groove 12a. The first bolt 17 is threaded to one of the first threaded holes 12c, and the second bolt 18 is threaded to the other first threaded hole 12c. The pressure plate 19 abuts against the top of the first protrusion 3. Under the action of the first bolt 17 and the second bolt 18, the pressure plate 19 presses the wheel axle A tightly onto the first support 12.

[0036] The above structure clamps the axle A to meet the requirements for boring the hole 5 on the columnar boss 2. However, it is still necessary to process and drill the end face of the axle body 1. Since there is a gap between the axial end face of the axle body 1 and the first support 12, in order to further ensure the machining accuracy of the axial end face of the axle body 1, this embodiment also provides a support assembly and a second pressure assembly connected to the base 11 respectively. The support assembly and the second pressure assembly are located outside the first support 12. Through the clamping effect formed by the support assembly and the second pressure assembly on the axle body 1, the axle body 1 is kept in a stable state during the machining process.

[0037] The support assembly includes a screw 20, a second nut 21, and a second support 22. The base 11 has a first clearance hole 11c. The center of the second nut 21 and the center of the first clearance hole 11c are on the same straight line. One end of the screw 20 is threaded to the second nut 21 and then clearance-fitted to the first clearance hole 11c. The other end of the screw 20 is connected to one end of the second support 22. The connection between the screw 20 and the second support 22 is preferably a movable connection, for example, the second support 22 is bolted to the screw 20. The other end of the second support 22 has a third engagement groove 22a for engaging with the wheel axle body 1. Applying torque to the screw 20 to rotate the screw 20 can adjust the height of the second support 22, thereby engaging the third engagement groove 22a with the circumferential surface of the wheel axle body 1.

[0038] The second pressure-applying assembly includes a first screw 23, a second pressure block 24, and a third nut 25. The base 11 is provided with a second threaded hole 11d. The first screw 23 is fixed to the second threaded hole 11d. The second pressure block 24 is sleeved on the first screw 23 and fits with the circumferential surface of the wheel axle body 1. The third nut 25 is threadedly connected to the first screw 23. The third nut 25 applies pressure to the second pressure block 24, and the wheel axle body 1 is clamped between the second pressure block 24 and the second support 22.

Claims

1. A machining fixture for a forged wheel axle, comprising a base (11) and a first support (12), wherein there are at least two first supports (12), each first support (12) having a first engagement groove (12a) that mates with the wheel axle (A), and the first support (12) being fixed to the base (11), characterized in that, Also includes: A first positioning mechanism that engages with the columnar boss (2) in the axle (A) to position the axle (A) axially, the first positioning mechanism being mounted on the base (11); A first pressure-applying assembly applies downward pressure to the first protrusion (3) in the axle (A), and the first pressure-applying assembly is connected to the first support (12); A second positioning mechanism (13) is provided for longitudinally positioning the first protrusion (3) in the axle (A), and the second positioning mechanism (13) is connected to the first support (12).

2. The machining fixture for the forged wheel axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support (12) includes a lower support (12b), an upper support, and a fastener (12i). The first mating groove (12a) is disposed on the lower support (12b). The lower support (12b) is fixed to the base (11). The fastener (12i) fixes the upper support to the lower support (12b). The lower support (12b) is provided with a first threaded hole (12c). The upper support is provided with a clearance hole (12d). The first pressure-applying component passes through the clearance hole (12d) and is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole (12c). The second positioning mechanism (13) is connected to the upper support.

3. The machining fixture for the forged wheel axle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper support includes an L-shaped support (12e) and a first nut (12f). The L-shaped support (12e) is provided with a first mounting hole (12g) and a second mounting hole (12h). The clearance hole (12d) is provided on the L-shaped support (12e). After the fastener (12i) passes through the first mounting hole (12g) and connects with the lower support (12b), the upper support and the lower support (12b) are fixed. The center of the first nut (12f) and the second mounting hole (12h) are on the same straight line. The second positioning mechanism (13) passes through the second mounting hole (12h) and is threadedly connected to the first nut (12f).

4. The machining fixture for the forged wheel shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The second positioning mechanism (13) is a bolt.

5. The machining fixture for the forged wheel axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first positioning mechanism includes a base plate (14), a positioning plate (15), and a spring (16). The base (11) is provided with a stepped hole (11a) and a guide groove (11b). The base plate (14) is engaged with the stepped hole (11a) and the base (11) is fastened. The positioning plate (15) is slidably engaged with the guide groove (11b). One end of the positioning plate (15) is provided with a second engagement groove (15a) for engaging with the columnar boss (2). One end of the spring (16) abuts against the base plate (14), and the other end of the spring (16) abuts against the positioning plate (15).

6. The machining fixture for the forged wheel axle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The other end of the positioning plate (15) is provided with an annular baffle (15b) with a center. The spring (16) cooperates with the center hole of the annular baffle (15b). When the positioning plate (15) is pushed by the spring (16) and passes through the annular baffle (15b) and engages with the step of the step hole (11a), the annular baffle (15b) is limited.

7. The machining fixture for the forged wheel axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pressure-applying assembly includes a first bolt (17), a second bolt (18), and a pressure plate (19). One end of the pressure plate (19) is provided with a first relief groove (19a), and the other end of the pressure plate (19) is provided with a second relief groove (19b). The first bolt (17) passes through the first relief groove (19a) and is threadedly connected to the first support (12). The second bolt (18) passes through the second relief groove (19b) and is threadedly connected to the first support (12).

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