Ultra-precision automatic height adjustment freeform surface servo fast tool device

Abstract

This utility model discloses an ultra-precision automatic height adjustment freeform surface servo fast tool device. The ultra-precision automatic height adjustment freeform surface servo fast tool device includes a bearing rail, a first motor, a base plate, a motor base, an air-bearing guide rail, and a tool holder. A push-pull rod is provided inside the bearing rail, and a push-pull block with an elongated cross-section is provided at the front end of the push-pull rod. The first motor is located at the end of the bearing rail and is connected to the tail end of the push-pull rod. The base plate is installed on the bearing rail, and an inclined surface is provided below the base plate. The base plate contacts the upper arc surface of the push-pull block through the inclined surface. The motor base is located on the base plate, and a motor stator and a motor mover connected thereto are provided inside the motor base. The air-bearing guide rail is located on the base plate and is connected to the motor mover. The tool holder is located at the front end of the air-bearing guide rail and is provided with coarse cutting inserts, fine cutting inserts, and outer circular cutting inserts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machining, specifically to an ultra-precision automatic height-adjustable freeform surface servo fast tool device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid advancement of science and technology, ultra-precision machining technology has also developed rapidly. Microstructured components with complex surface shapes are widely used in many fields such as military, high-tech equipment, and fiber optic communications. These microstructured components with complex surface shapes are also called freeform surfaces. These components have complex structures and require very high machining accuracy, which is difficult to meet using traditional machining methods.

[0003] With continuous technological advancements, numerous rapid and ultra-precision machining methods for creating freeform surfaces have emerged, capable of producing microstructured surfaces that meet specific requirements. These methods include photolithography, micro-grinding, laser processing, and high-speed servo machining. Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. Among them, high-speed servo machining is a classic ultra-precision machining technology and a hot topic in microstructure turning research.

[0004] Fast-tool servo machining refers to the process of turning in which the cutting tool is driven by a fast-tool servo micro-feed mechanism mounted on the Z-axis to perform high-frequency, small-amplitude, rapid axial feed motion, in conjunction with high-precision return and radial feed, to complete the turning process. The fast-tool servo micro-feed mechanism is a very important component of the fast-tool servo machining system. As a high-speed, high-precision displacement output mechanism, its precision determines the accuracy level of the machine tool, and its performance also has a direct impact on the surface quality of microstructures.

[0005] Currently, most fast tool servo systems driven by voice coil motors use gas hydrostatic guides for guidance, with a stroke typically ranging from several millimeters to tens of millimeters. In ultra-precision freeform surface machining, the required stroke of a fast tool servo system is tens to hundreds of micrometers, resulting in wasted stroke. Furthermore, the moving parts of the gas hydrostatic guides have a large mass, making it difficult to achieve high-frequency motion. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ultra-precision automatic height adjustment freeform surface servo fast tool device to solve the problems of stroke and difficulty in achieving high-frequency motion in existing fast tool servo systems.

[0007] Therefore, embodiments of this utility model propose an ultra-precision automatic height adjustment freeform surface servo fast tool device.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a freeform surface servo fast cutter device includes a bearing rail, a first motor, a base plate, a motor mount, an air-bearing guide rail, and a cutter bar. A push-pull rod is disposed within the bearing rail, and a push-pull block with an elongated oval cross-section is disposed at the front end of the push-pull rod. The first motor is disposed at the end of the bearing rail and is connected to the tail end of the push-pull rod. The base plate is mounted on the bearing rail, and an inclined surface is disposed below the base plate, with the base plate contacting the upper arc surface of the push-pull block via the inclined surface. The motor mount is disposed on the base plate, and a motor stator and a motor mover connected thereto are disposed within the motor mount. The air-bearing guide rail is disposed on the base plate and is connected to the motor mover. The cutter bar is disposed on the front end of the air-bearing guide rail, and is provided with coarse cutting inserts, fine cutting inserts, and outer circular cutting inserts.

[0009] In some embodiments, the bearing track is connected to the rear end of the base plate via an elastic element, and the bearing track is connected to the front end of the base plate via a connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes a T-block, a needle roller bearing, and an eccentric column. The T-block is fixed to the front end of the base plate, and a needle roller bearing and an eccentric column are provided on each side of the T-block. One end of the eccentric column is embedded in the needle roller bearing, and the other end of the eccentric column is fixed to the front end of the bearing track by a screw.

[0010] In some embodiments, two polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) guide posts are further provided inside the bearing track, and the two PTFE guide posts are respectively provided on both sides of the push-pull rod.

[0011] In some embodiments, the front end of the bearing track and the front end of the base plate are further connected by an elastic component; the elastic component includes a spring seat, a locking screw and a mold spring, the mold spring is sleeved on the locking screw, the spring seat has a cavity for accommodating the mold spring, the spring seat is fixed on the bearing track, and the locking screw passes through the bearing track and is embedded in the base plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, a photoelectric switch is also provided on the bearing track, and the photoelectric switch is used to control the first motor to return to zero.

[0013] In some embodiments, a lower plate, a left side plate, a right side plate, and an upper plate are respectively arranged around the air flotation guide rail. Long graphite is disposed in the gap between the lower plate, the left side plate, and the right side plate and the air flotation guide rail, and short graphite is disposed in the gap between the upper plate and the air flotation guide rail. Both the long graphite and the short graphite are airtight graphite, and micropores and venting grooves are formed on the contact surfaces of the long graphite and the short graphite with the air flotation guide rail.

[0014] In some embodiments, a dustproof plate is provided between the air-bearing guide rail and the cutter bar.

[0015] In some embodiments, the front end of the base plate is provided with an air blowing copper tube, the rear end of the base plate is provided with a quick-connect air pipe connector, and the base plate is provided with a first air passage for connecting the air blowing copper tube and the quick-connect air pipe connector.

[0016] In some embodiments, a grating ruler is further provided on the air-bearing guide rail, and a reading head is further provided on the upper plate; preferably, the reading head is mounted on the upper plate via a fixing plate, and an adjusting pad is provided between the fixing plate and the motor base, which is used to adjust the height difference between the air-bearing guide rail and the motor base to ensure that the upper surface of the upper plate and the upper surface of the adjusting pad are at the same height; preferably, the fixing plate is provided with a wire routing groove to accommodate the reading head and the motor actuator.

[0017] In some embodiments, the ultra-precision automatic height adjustment freeform surface servo quick-cutting device further includes an L-shaped first air pipe connector and an L-shaped second air pipe connector; the L-shaped first air pipe connector is located at the tail of the fixed plate, and gas enters the upper plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the lower plate through the second vent hole built into the fixed plate to supply air and suspend the air-bearing guide rail; the L-shaped second air pipe connector is located at the tail of the motor base and is used for internal cooling of the motor base.

[0018] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Other features and aspects of this disclosure will become clearer from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a free-form surface servo fast tool device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a right view of a freeform surface servo fast tool device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a front view of a freeform surface servo fast tool device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a free-form surface servo fast tool device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first motor in the freeform surface servo fast cutter device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air-bearing guide rail in the freeform surface servo fast cutter device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate in the freeform surface servo fast cutter device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] Ultra-precision automatic height adjustment freeform surface servo fast cutter device 100, bearing rail 10, push-pull rod 11, push-pull block 12, elastic element 13, connecting assembly 14, T-block 141, needle roller bearing 142, eccentric column 143, PTFE guide column 15, elastic component 16, spring seat 161, stop screw 162, mold spring 163.

[0029] First motor 20, photoelectric switch 21, base plate 30, inclined surface 31, air blowing copper pipe 32, quick-connect air pipe connector 33, motor base 40, motor stator 41, motor mover 42.

[0030] Air-bearing guide rail 50, lower plate 51, left side plate 52, right side plate 53, upper plate 54, long graphite 55, short graphite 56, dustproof plate 57.

[0031] Cutting bar 60, coarse cutting tool 61, fine cutting tool 62, outer round cutting tool 63, grating ruler 70, reading head 71, fixing plate 72, adjusting pad 73, L-shaped first air pipe connector 81, L-shaped second air pipe connector 82. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific implementation schemes. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the implementation schemes described below are only for illustrating this utility model and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of this utility model. Based on the implementation schemes of this utility model, all other implementation schemes obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] To address the problems in the background technology, this utility model provides an ultra-precision free-form surface servo fast tool device with automatic tool height adjustment. This device has a compact structure, small moving parts, good system dynamic performance, and features ultra-high precision, high response speed, high load capacity, high rigidity, low vibration, low noise, stable operation, and long service life.

[0034] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the ultra-precision automatic height adjustment freeform surface servo fast tool device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bearing rail 10, a first motor 20, a base plate 30, a motor base 40, an air-bearing guide rail 50, and a tool holder 60. A push-pull rod 11 is provided inside the bearing rail 10, and a push-pull block 12 with an elongated cross-section is provided at the front end of the push-pull rod 11. The first motor 20 is located at the end of the bearing rail 10 and is connected to the tail end of the push-pull rod 11. The base plate 30 is mounted on the bearing rail. On the track 10, an inclined surface 31 is provided below the base plate 30, and the base plate 30 contacts the upper arc surface of the push-pull block 12 through the inclined surface 31; the motor base 40 is provided on the base plate 30, and the motor stator 41 and the motor mover 42 connected thereto are provided inside the motor base 40; the air-bearing guide rail 50 is provided on the base plate 30, and the air-bearing guide rail 50 is connected to the motor mover 42; the cutter bar 60 is provided on the front end of the air-bearing guide rail 50, and the cutter bar 60 is provided with coarse cutting edge 61, fine cutting edge 62 and outer circle cutting edge 63.

[0035] This utility model relates to an ultra-precision free-form surface servo fast tool device with automatic tool height adjustment. It can solve the problem of vibration in existing servo fast tools, improve the accuracy of servo fast tools, reduce vibration, meet the needs of existing precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tools, and enable servo rotary tables to achieve ultra-high precision, high response speed, high load, high rigidity, low vibration, low noise, stable operation, and long service life. It can be widely used in ultra-precision CNC machine tools, such as lathes and five-axis machine tools.

[0036] In some embodiments, the bearing track 10 is connected to the rear end of the base plate 30 via an elastic member 13, and the bearing track 10 is connected to the front end of the base plate 30 via a connecting assembly 14. The connecting assembly 14 includes a T-block 141, a needle roller bearing 142, and an eccentric column 143. The T-block 141 is fixed to the front end of the base plate 30. A needle roller bearing 142 and an eccentric column 143 are provided on each side of the T-block 141. One end of the eccentric column 143 is embedded in the needle roller bearing 142, and the other end of the eccentric column 143 is fixed to the front end of the bearing track 10 by screws.

[0037] In some embodiments, two polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) guide pillars 15 are also provided inside the bearing track 10, and the two PTFE guide pillars 15 are respectively provided on both sides of the push-pull rod 11.

[0038] In some embodiments, the front end of the bearing track 10 and the front end of the base plate 30 are also connected by an elastic component 16; the elastic component 16 includes a spring seat 161, a locking screw 162 and a mold spring 163, the mold spring 163 is sleeved on the locking screw 162, the spring seat 161 is provided with a cavity to accommodate the mold spring 163, the spring seat 161 is fixed on the bearing track 10, and the locking screw 162 passes through the bearing track 10 and is embedded in the base plate 30.

[0039] In some embodiments, a photoelectric switch 21 is also provided on the bearing rail 10, which is used to control the first motor 20 to return to zero.

[0040] In some embodiments, a lower plate 51, a left side plate 52, a right side plate 53, and an upper plate 54 are arranged around the air flotation guide rail 50. Long graphite 55 is provided in the gap between the lower plate 51, the left side plate 52, and the right side plate 53 and the air flotation guide rail 50, and short graphite 56 is provided in the gap between the upper plate 54 and the air flotation guide rail 50. Both the long graphite 55 and the short graphite 56 are airtight graphite, and micropores and venting grooves are provided on the contact surfaces of the long graphite 55 and the short graphite 56 with the air flotation guide rail 50.

[0041] In some embodiments, a dustproof plate 57 is provided between the air-bearing guide rail 50 and the tool holder 60.

[0042] In some embodiments, the front end of the base plate 30 is provided with an air blowing copper pipe 32, the rear end of the base plate 30 is provided with a quick-connect air pipe connector 33, and the base plate 30 is provided with a first ventilation channel for connecting the air blowing copper pipe 32 and the quick-connect air pipe connector 33.

[0043] In some embodiments, the air-bearing guide rail 50 is further provided with a grating ruler 70, and the upper plate 54 is further provided with a reading head 71; preferably, the reading head 71 is mounted on the upper plate 54 through a fixing plate 72, and an adjusting pad 73 is provided between the fixing plate 72 and the motor base 40, which is used to adjust the height difference between the air-bearing guide rail 50 and the motor base 40 to ensure that the upper surface of the upper plate 54 and the upper surface of the adjusting pad 73 are at the same height; preferably, the fixing plate 72 is provided with a wire routing groove to accommodate the reading head 71 and the motor mover 42.

[0044] In some embodiments, the ultra-precision automatic height adjustment freeform surface servo fast tool device 100 further includes an L-shaped first air pipe connector 81 and an L-shaped second air pipe connector 82; the L-shaped first air pipe connector 81 is located at the tail of the fixed plate 72, and gas enters the upper plate 54, the left side plate 52, the right side plate 53 and the lower plate 51 through the second venting channel built into the fixed plate 72 to supply air and make the air-bearing guide rail 50 suspend; the L-shaped second air pipe connector 82 is located at the tail of the motor base 40 and is used for internal cooling of the motor base 40.

[0045] This utility model adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages:

[0046] (1) This utility model not only solves the problem of temperature rise caused by high-frequency movement of internal components of motor base, but also ensures that each cooling hole can accurately act on the back face of the cutting edge by adjusting the blowing angle of the blowing copper tube. Compared with cooling only on the front face, cooling on the back face can improve the tool life.

[0047] (2) The air-bearing guide rail structure provides good rigidity for this device, reduces the deformation of the fast tool under the force of the workpiece during the cutting process, improves the machining accuracy, and also reduces the impact of servo fast tool vibration, further improving the system accuracy.

[0048] (3) An air-bearing guide rail mechanism is adopted, which allows the system to move only along the axial direction. This structure is compact, the moving parts have a small mass, and the system has good dynamic performance.

[0049] (4) The grating ruler full closed-loop control and ultra-precision automatic height adjustment free surface servo fast tool device have the characteristics of ultra-high precision, high response speed, high load, high rigidity, low vibration, low noise, stable operation and long service life.

[0050] (5) By using a fixed bearing track, the tool rises when the push-pull rod moves backward and lowers when the push-pull rod moves forward, which can make the tool center height more accurate, reduce the time cost for workers to adjust the tool center height, and improve the efficiency of parts processing.

[0051] (6) By setting an eccentric column, the possibility of T-block swinging in the left and right directions is adjusted and eliminated, and the possibility of tie rod swinging is also eliminated. This indirectly constrains the left and right swing of the base plate, improves the stability of the system, and reduces the impact of vibration.

[0052] (7) The air-blowing copper pipe and the quick-connect air pipe connector are respectively set at the front and rear ends of the support base plate. The base plate is provided with air passages for connecting the air-blowing copper pipe and the quick-connect air pipe connector. The gas blown out by the air-blowing copper pipe acts on the back face of the cutting edge. This device can solve the defects of vibration of existing servo fast tools, improve the accuracy of servo fast tools, reduce vibration, and meet the needs of existing precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tools.

[0053] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0054] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0055] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0057] In this utility model, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision, automatically height-adjustable freeform surface servo-driven cutting tool device, characterized in that, include: A bearing track, wherein a push-pull rod is provided inside the bearing track, and a push-pull block with an elongated oval cross-section is provided at the front end of the push-pull rod; A first motor is located at the end of the bearing rail and is connected to the tail end of the push-pull rod. A base plate is mounted on the bearing rail, and an inclined surface is provided below the base plate, which contacts the upper arc surface of the push-pull block through the inclined surface. A motor mount is provided on the base plate, and a motor stator and a motor mover connected thereto are provided inside the motor mount; An air-bearing guide rail is mounted on the base plate and connected to the motor actuator; A cutter bar is disposed on the front end of the air flotation guide rail, and the cutter bar is provided with coarse cutting bits, fine cutting bits and outer circular cutting bits.

2. The freeform surface servo fast tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing track is connected to the rear end of the base plate via an elastic element, and the bearing track is connected to the front end of the base plate via a connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes a T-block, a needle roller bearing, and an eccentric column. The T-block is fixed to the front end of the base plate. A needle roller bearing and an eccentric column are provided on each side of the T-block. One end of the eccentric column is embedded in the needle roller bearing, and the other end of the eccentric column is fixed to the front end of the bearing track by screws.

3. The freeform surface servo fast tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing track is also provided with two polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) guide posts, which are respectively located on both sides of the push-pull rod.

4. The freeform surface servo fast tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the bearing track and the front end of the base plate are also connected by an elastic component; The elastic component includes a spring seat, a stop screw, and a mold spring. The mold spring is sleeved on the stop screw. The spring seat has a cavity to accommodate the mold spring. The spring seat is fixed on the bearing rail. The stop screw passes through the bearing rail and is embedded in the base plate.

5. The freeform surface servo fast tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A photoelectric switch is also installed on the bearing track, which is used to control the first motor to return to zero.

6. The freeform surface servo fast tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air-bearing guide rail is provided with a lower plate, a left plate, a right plate and an upper plate on its four sides. Long graphite is provided in the gap between the lower plate, the left plate and the right plate and the air-bearing guide rail, and short graphite is provided in the gap between the upper plate and the air-bearing guide rail. Both the long and short graphite are airtight graphite, and micropores and venting grooves are provided on the contact surfaces of the long and short graphite with the air flotation guide rail.

7. The freeform surface servo fast tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A dustproof plate is provided between the air-bearing guide rail and the cutter bar.

8. The freeform surface servo fast tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the base plate is provided with an air blowing copper pipe, the rear end of the base plate is provided with a quick-connect air pipe connector, and the base plate is provided with a first air passage for connecting the air blowing copper pipe and the quick-connect air pipe connector.

9. The freeform surface servo fast tool device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air-bearing guide rail is also equipped with a grating ruler, and the upper plate is also equipped with a reading head; Preferably, the reading head is mounted on the upper plate via a fixing plate, and an adjusting pad is installed between the fixing plate and the motor base to adjust the height difference between the air bearing guide rail and the motor base, ensuring that the upper surface of the upper plate and the upper surface of the adjusting pad are at the same height. Preferably, the fixing plate is provided with a wire routing groove to accommodate the reading head and the motor actuator.

10. The freeform surface servo fast tool device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: L-type first endotracheal connector and L-type second endotracheal connector; The L-shaped first air pipe connector is located at the tail of the fixed plate. Gas enters the upper plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the lower plate through the second built-in air passage of the fixed plate and the third built-in air passage to supply air and make the air-floating guide rail suspend. The L-shaped second air pipe connector is located at the rear of the motor base and is used for internal cooling of the motor base.

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