A screw structure of an extruder

Abstract

This utility model discloses a screw structure for an extruder, belonging to the field of extruder technology. The structure includes a screw housed within a casing, comprising a first rod and a second rod rotatably connected to each other. A first gear set is connected to one side of the screw, and a second gear set is correspondingly located on one side of the first gear set. The second gear set is driven by a first cylinder to achieve displacement. The advantage of this utility model is that by driving the second gear set to displacement with the first cylinder, its meshing connection with the first gear set can be changed, thereby allowing the first and second rods to rotate independently at different speeds. This design can precisely optimize the speed matching of each section of the screw, effectively improving extrusion speed and yield, significantly enhancing the adaptability of the equipment to different production needs, and expanding its application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of extruder technology, specifically to a screw structure for an extruder. Background Technology

[0002] Extruders are core equipment in the processing of polymer materials (such as plastics and rubber). The screw, as its core functional component, plays a crucial role in material conveying, melting and plasticizing, and stable extrusion. Its structure and transmission design directly determine the extrusion efficiency, finished product consistency, and production adaptability of the equipment.

[0003] Most existing extruder screws adopt an integral structure or fixed transmission connection, and their rotational speed is usually a single output or fixed ratio transmission, which cannot independently adjust the rotational speed of different sections of the screw according to the needs of different stages of the material extrusion process. This design makes it difficult to optimize and match the rotational speed of each section of the screw, which can easily lead to problems such as limited extrusion speed and reduced yield. In addition, the equipment is difficult to flexibly adapt to the processing requirements of different materials or processes, which significantly limits the production flexibility and applicability. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a screw structure for an extruder, thereby solving the problem that existing screws often adopt an integral structure, resulting in a single rotational speed that cannot be adjusted according to materials and processes, thus reducing production flexibility.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a screw structure for an extruder, comprising: a screw disposed in a housing, a first gear set connected to one side of the screw, and a second gear set connected to one side of the first gear set; wherein, the screw includes a first rod body and a second rod body rotatably connected to each other, and the second gear set is driven to move by a first cylinder, thereby changing its connection state with the first gear set, so that the first rod body and the second rod body rotate at different speeds.

[0006] Optionally, the first gear set includes a first gear fixed on the first rod and a third gear fixed on the second rod. A second gear is also provided between the first gear and the third gear, and the second gear is connected to the first gear and the third gear through a bevel gear set.

[0007] Optionally, the second gear set includes a first shaft that is fixedly and slidably mounted on a bracket, and a fourth gear, a fifth gear, and a sixth gear are respectively fixed on the first shaft.

[0008] Optionally, the first shaft is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the first cylinder, and the first shaft has at least the following states when the first cylinder extends or retracts: first state: the fourth gear meshes with the first gear; second state: the sixth gear meshes with the third gear; third state: the fifth gear meshes with the second gear.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a third gear set, which includes a second shaft that engages with the first shaft, and a seventh gear, an eighth gear, and a ninth gear that are respectively fixed on the second shaft, and the second shaft is slidably mounted on the bracket.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes a fourth gear set that cooperates with the third gear set. The fourth gear set includes a third shaft rotatably mounted on the bracket, and a tenth gear, an eleventh gear, and a twelfth gear respectively fixed on the third shaft. The third shaft is driven to rotate by a motor.

[0011] Optionally, the second shaft is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the second cylinder, and the second shaft has at least the following states when the second cylinder extends or retracts: fourth state: the tenth gear meshes with the seventh gear; fifth state: the eleventh gear meshes with the eighth gear; sixth state: the twelfth gear meshes with the ninth gear.

[0012] Optionally, the second shaft has a shaft hole and a groove, and the first shaft has a protrusion fixed therein, which is engaged in the groove when the first shaft is inserted into the shaft hole.

[0013] Optionally, pulleys are fixed on both the output shaft of the motor and the third shaft, and the two pulleys are connected by a belt, forming a belt assembly.

[0014] Optionally, the second gear is connected to the second rod body via a bearing.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The screw of this invention includes a first rod and a second rod that are rotatably connected to each other, rotating around the same axis of rotation. Unlike existing integral or fixed-drive screws, this design allows for segmented speed adjustment. A first gear set is located on one side of the first and second rods. The first gear set is driven by a second gear set, which is displaced by a first cylinder, changing its meshing state with the first gear set and allowing the two rods to rotate at different speeds. This design optimizes the speed matching of different sections of the screw, solves the problem of single speed in traditional equipment, improves extrusion speed and yield, and is adaptable to different materials and processes, enhancing production flexibility.

[0016] Meanwhile, this utility model includes a third gear set synchronously connected to the second gear set, and a cooperating fourth gear set. The third gear set is driven by a second cylinder, and the fourth gear set is driven by a motor. By changing the position of the third gear set through the second cylinder, its meshing state with the fourth gear set is switched, causing the rotational speed of the second gear set to change. This change is then transmitted to the screw via the first gear set, thereby achieving screw speed regulation. This structure further expands the equipment's speed and process adaptability range, ensuring that the equipment can still operate efficiently and stably to meet the process requirements for screw speed when dealing with different production needs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This utility model discloses a three-dimensional structure of the screw structure of an extruder. Figure 1 .

[0019] Figure 2 This utility model discloses a three-dimensional structure of the screw structure of an extruder. Figure 2 .

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the screw structure of an extruder according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This utility model relates to a screw structure for an extruder. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial perspective view of the screw structure of an extruder according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a partial top view of the screw structure of an extruder according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This utility model relates to a screw structure for an extruder. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Outer shell; 2. Screw; 21. First rod body; 22. Second rod body; 3. First gear set; 31. First gear; 32. Second gear; 33. Third gear; 34. Bevel gear set; 4. Second gear set; 41. Fourth gear; 42. Fifth gear; 43. Sixth gear; 44. First shaft; 441. Protrusion; 45. First cylinder; 5. Third gear set; 51. Seventh gear; 52. Eighth gear; 53. Ninth gear; 54. Second shaft; 541. Shaft hole; 542. Groove; 55. Second cylinder; 6. Fourth gear set; 61. Tenth gear; 62. Eleventh gear; 63. Twelfth gear; 64. Third shaft; 65. Motor; 66. Belt assembly; 661. Pulley; 662. Belt. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] As mentioned earlier, most existing extruder screws adopt an integral structure or fixed transmission connection, and their rotational speed is usually a single output or fixed ratio transmission. This makes it impossible to independently adjust the rotational speed of different sections of the screw according to the needs of different stages of the extrusion process. This design makes it difficult to optimize and match the rotational speeds of different screw sections, easily leading to problems such as limited extrusion speed and reduced yield. Furthermore, the equipment is difficult to flexibly adapt to the processing requirements of different materials or processes, significantly limiting production flexibility and applicability.

[0028] To address this issue, this invention provides a screw structure for an extruder. By improving the screw, the originally one-piece screw cap is transformed into two mutually rotating parts. Driving forces are applied to these two independent parts separately, thereby achieving rotation at different speeds and ultimately solving the problems in the prior art. This invention solves the problem in the following way.

[0029] Example 1: Please refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a screw structure for an extruder, which includes a screw 2 disposed within a housing 1. Wherein, as... Figure 3As shown, the screw 2 has a first rod body 21 and a second rod body 22. The first rod body 21 has a hollow first shaft with screw blades, and the second rod body 22 has a second shaft with extrusion screw blades and a third shaft. The second shaft and the first shaft have the same diameter, and the third shaft is connected to the hollow shaft body of the first shaft by a bearing. This allows the first rod body 21 and the second rod body 22 to share the same axis of rotation, and the first rod body 21 and the second rod body 22 can rotate at different speeds as two independent parts.

[0030] In this first embodiment, as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, a first gear set 3 is provided on one side of the screw 2. The first gear set 3 includes a first gear 31, a second gear 32 and a third gear 33 arranged in sequence (from the closest to the screw 2 to the furthest from the screw 2). The first gear 31 is fixed on the first rod body 21, the second gear 32 is rotatably connected to the second rod body 22 through a bearing, and the third gear 33 is fixed on the second rod body 22. The size and tooth ratio of the first gear 31 are greater than those of the second gear 32 and the third gear 33.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, bevel gear sets 34 are provided between the first gear 31 and the second gear 32, and between the second gear 32 and the third gear 33. Each bevel gear set 34 includes three bevel gears (referred to as the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, and the third bevel gear for ease of description). The first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear meshes with the third bevel gear, thus forming the following... Figure 4 The concave bevel gear set 34 is shown. This allows the first gear 31 to rotate in a clockwise direction (e.g., at a 90° angle). Figure 4 Taking a clockwise rotation as an example, the second gear 32 rotates counterclockwise, while the corresponding third gear 33 rotates clockwise. Furthermore, by adjusting the gear ratio of the three bevel gears in the bevel gear set 34, the first gear 31 and the third gear 33 can rotate at different speeds.

[0032] For example, when the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear, the transmission ratio between the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear is 1:2, meaning that for every one revolution of the first bevel gear, the third bevel gear rotates two times. This results in the first gear 31 rotating one revolution while the second gear 32 rotates two revolutions and the third gear 33 rotates four revolutions. In other words, for every one revolution of the first rod 21, the second rod 22 rotates four revolutions, thus achieving the effect of different rotational speeds.

[0033] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, a second gear set 4 is also provided on one side of the first gear set 3. The second gear set 4 includes a first shaft 44 slidably mounted on the bracket. A fourth gear 41, a fifth gear 42, and a sixth gear 43 are sequentially fixed on the first shaft 44 in the order of the first gear 31 to the third gear 33. A first cylinder 45 (e.g., ...) is also fixed on the base. Figures 1 to 3 As shown), the output shaft of the first cylinder 45 is rotatably connected (e.g., via a bearing) to the first shaft 44, which enables the output shaft of the first cylinder 45 to drive the first shaft 44 to translate relative to the bracket.

[0034] Therefore, when the first shaft 44 is displaced, the fourth gear 41, the fifth gear 42, and the sixth gear 43 on it will change their meshing state with the gears on the first gear set 3, thereby obtaining at least the following states: First state: Fourth gear 41 meshes with first gear 31; Second state: The sixth gear 43 meshes with the third gear 33; Third state: The fifth gear 42 meshes with the second gear 32.

[0035] by Figure 6 Taking the state shown as an example, in Figure 6 In the first state, the fourth gear 41 meshes with the first gear 31 (the first linkage 21 is the driving force, and the second linkage 22 is the driven force; the rotational speed of the first linkage 21 in this state is denoted as the first rotational speed). In this first state, the horizontal distance between the fourth gear 41 (first gear 31) and the fifth gear 42 is 'a', the horizontal lateral distance between the sixth gear 43 and the third gear 33 is also 'a', and the horizontal lateral distance between the fifth gear 42 and the second gear 32 is 'b'. Where 2a = b.

[0036] Therefore, in this first state, the output shaft of the first cylinder 45 is driven to output, and the first shaft 44 is displaced from the direction of the fourth gear 41 to the direction of the sixth gear 43. When the displacement distance is a, the third gear 33 and the sixth gear 43 mesh (the remaining gears do not mesh), entering the second state. In this second state, the second rod 22 is the master rotation, and the first rod 21 is the slave rotation. The rotational speed of the first rod 21 in this state is denoted as the second rotational speed.

[0037] In this second state, the first cylinder 45 continues to output power, causing the first shaft 44 to move another distance 'a' (two movements of 'a' result in a total movement distance of 'b'). At this point, the second gear 32 meshes with the fifth gear 42, entering the third state. In this third state, both the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 rotate in opposite directions compared to their previous rotations, thus facilitating cleaning and maintenance of the screw 2. The rotational speed of the first rod 21 in this state is denoted as the third rotational speed.

[0038] Therefore, when the first shaft 44 is driven to rotate by the motor 65, it can achieve three rotational speeds for the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 through the three states described above. Furthermore, the transfer speeds between the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 are also different, thus meeting the extrusion requirements of different production processes.

[0039] Example 2: Based on the above embodiments, in order to provide a clearer and more complete explanation of the technical solutions therein, this utility model also provides an embodiment two. For example... Figures 1 to 7 As shown in this second embodiment, the device further includes a third gear set 5, which includes a second shaft 54 ​​slidably mounted on a bracket. The second shaft 54 ​​is sleeved and engaged with the outside of the first shaft 44. This allows the second shaft 54 ​​and the first shaft 44 to maintain relative displacement, and the rotation of the second shaft 54 ​​can drive the first shaft 44 to rotate synchronously (the second shaft 54 ​​and the first shaft 44 share the same axis of rotation).

[0040] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, in this second embodiment, the second shaft 54 ​​is sequentially fixed with the seventh gear 51, the eighth gear 52, and the ninth gear 53 from the end closest to the sixth gear 43 to the end furthest from the sixth gear 43. A second cylinder 55 is rotatably mounted on the second shaft 54 ​​(its connection method is the same as that between the first cylinder 45 and the first shaft 44, and therefore will not be described again here). When the output end of the second cylinder 55 extends or retracts, it can drive the second shaft 54 ​​to translate relative to the support.

[0041] At the same time, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, in this second embodiment, the device also has a fourth gear set 6. The fourth gear set 6 includes a third shaft 64 that is rotatably (e.g., connected by a bearing) mounted on a bracket. The tenth gear 61, the eleventh gear 62 and the twelfth gear 63 are sequentially fixed on the third shaft 64 from the end near the sixth gear 43 to the end away from the sixth gear 43.

[0042] A pulley 661 is fixed to one end of the third shaft 64, and another pulley 661 is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 65. The two pulleys 661 are connected by a belt 662, thus forming a belt assembly 66. Therefore, when the motor 65 is powered on and rotates, the third shaft 64 is driven to rotate through the belt assembly 66, which in turn drives the tenth gear 61, the eleventh gear 62, and the twelfth gear 63 on the ground to rotate.

[0043] When the second cylinder 55 is displaced, its seventh gear 51, eighth gear 52, and ninth gear 53 will change their meshing state with the gears on the fourth gear set 6, thereby obtaining at least the following states: Fourth state: The tenth gear 61 meshes with the seventh gear 51; Fifth state: Eleventh gear 62 meshes with eighth gear 52; Sixth state: Twelfth gear 63 meshes with ninth gear 53.

[0044] by Figure 6 Taking the state shown as an example, in Figure 6 In this state, the seventh gear 51 meshes with the tenth gear 61, which is the fourth state. At this time, the rotation of the third shaft 64 is transmitted through the second shaft 54 ​​to the first shaft 44, and then to the first rod 21 and the second rod 22, thereby driving the screw 2 to rotate. Therefore, in this fourth state, the second shaft 54 ​​has a fourth rotation speed, and at this fourth rotation speed, the first rod 21 is adjusted from the aforementioned first rotation speed to the third rotation speed.

[0045] Furthermore, in this fourth state, the distances between the seventh gear 51 and the eighth gear 52, and between the eighth gear 52 and the ninth gear 53 are all d. The thicknesses of the seventh gear 51, the eighth gear 52, the ninth gear 53, the tenth gear 61, the eleventh gear 62, and the twelfth gear 63 are all d. The horizontal distance between the eighth gear 52 and the twelfth gear 63 is e. The distances between the tenth gear 61 and the eleventh gear 62, and between the eleventh gear 62 and the twelfth gear 63 are all f. Since d+f=e and f=2d, then e=3d.

[0046] Therefore, in this fourth state, the output shaft of the second cylinder 55 is driven to output, and the second shaft 54 ​​is displaced from the direction of the seventh gear 51 to the direction of the ninth gear 53. When the displacement distance is d, the eighth gear 52 meshes with the eleventh gear 62 (the remaining gears are disengaged), entering the fifth state. In this fifth state, the second shaft 54 ​​changes to a fifth rotational speed, and at this fifth rotational speed, the first rod 21 rotates at a sixth to eighth rotational speed.

[0047] Next, in this fifth state, the second cylinder 55 continues to output power, causing the second shaft 54 ​​to shift by a distance d (two shifts of d result in a total shift distance of d). At this point, the ninth gear 53 meshes with the twelfth gear 63 (the remaining gears disengage), entering the sixth state. In this sixth state, the second shaft 54 ​​obtains a ninth rotational speed, at which the first rod 21 rotates at a speed between tenth and twelfth.

[0048] Therefore, by driving the second cylinder 55, the meshing state between different gears in the third gear set 5 and the fourth gear set 6 is changed, thereby enabling the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 on the screw 2 to obtain a variety of different rotation speeds, thus meeting the extrusion requirements of different production processes.

[0049] Example 3: Based on the above embodiments, in order to further clarify and completely explain the technical solutions therein, this utility model also provides Embodiment Three. For example... Figures 6 to 7 As shown, in this third embodiment, the second shaft 54 ​​has a shaft hole 541, and a groove 542 is formed inside the shaft hole 541. A protrusion 441 is fixed on the first shaft 44. When the first shaft 44 is inserted into the shaft hole 541, the protrusion 441 is engaged in the groove 542. This ensures that when the position of the second shaft 54 ​​changes relative to the first shaft 44, the second shaft 54 ​​can still drive the first shaft 44 to rotate synchronously under the action of the protrusion 441 and the groove 542.

[0050] Furthermore, in cases such as Figure 6 In the state shown, the distance between the sixth gear 43 and the second shaft 54 ​​is c, where c ≥ b + e; this ensures that even when the second shaft 54 ​​and the first shaft 44 are far apart, they will not disengage from each other. This enables synchronous rotation driven by the motor 65.

[0051] Therefore, in summary, compared with the prior art, this utility model and its embodiments have the following advantages, including but not limited to: The screw 2 of this invention includes a first rod 21 and a second rod 22 rotatably connected to each other, rotating around a unified rotation axis. Unlike existing integral or fixed-drive screws 2, this design allows for segmented speed adjustment. A first gear set 3 is provided on one side of the first rod 21 and the second rod 22. The first gear set 3 is driven by a second gear set 4, which is displaced by a first cylinder 45, changing its meshing state with the first gear set 3 and allowing the first rod 21 and the second rod 22 to rotate at different speeds. This design optimizes the speed matching of each segment of the screw 2, solves the problem of single speed in traditional equipment, improves extrusion speed and yield, and is adaptable to different materials and processes, enhancing production flexibility.

[0052] Meanwhile, this utility model includes a third gear set 5 synchronously connected to the second gear set 4, and a cooperating fourth gear set 6. The third gear set 5 is driven by a second cylinder 55, and the fourth gear set 6 is driven by a motor 65. By changing the position of the third gear set 5 through the second cylinder 55, its meshing state with the fourth gear set 6 is switched, causing the rotational speed of the second gear set 4 to change. This change is then transmitted to the screw 2 via the first gear set 3, thereby achieving the adjustment of the screw 2's rotational speed. This structure further expands the equipment's speed and process adaptability range, ensuring that the equipment can still operate efficiently and stably when dealing with different production needs, meeting the process requirements for the screw 2's rotational speed.

[0053] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of this utility model and its equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A screw structure for an extruder, characterized in that, include: A screw (2) is provided inside the housing (1), and a first gear set (3) connected to it is provided on one side of the screw (2), and a second gear set (4) connected to it is provided on one side of the first gear set (3). The screw (2) includes a first rod (21) and a second rod (22) that are rotatably connected to each other. The second gear set (4) is driven to move by the first cylinder (45), thereby changing its connection state with the first gear set (3) so that the first rod (21) and the second rod (22) rotate at different speeds.

2. The screw structure of an extruder as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first gear set (3) includes a first gear (31) fixed on the first rod (21) and a third gear (33) fixed on the second rod (22). A second gear (32) is also provided between the first gear (31) and the third gear (33). The second gear (32) is connected to the first gear (31) and the third gear (33) through a bevel gear set (34).

3. The screw structure of an extruder as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The second gear set (4) includes a first shaft (44) fixedly and slidably mounted on a bracket, on which a fourth gear (41), a fifth gear (42) and a sixth gear (43) are respectively fixed.

4. The screw structure of an extruder as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first shaft (44) is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the first cylinder (45), and the first shaft (44) has at least the following states when the first cylinder (45) extends or retracts: First state: The fourth gear (41) meshes with the first gear (31); Second state: The sixth gear (43) meshes with the third gear (33); Third state: The fifth gear (42) meshes with the second gear (32).

5. The screw structure of an extruder as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a third gear set (5), which includes a second shaft (54) that is engaged with the first shaft (44), and a seventh gear (51), an eighth gear (52) and a ninth gear (53) that are respectively fixed on the second shaft (54). The second shaft (54) is slidably mounted on the bracket.

6. The screw structure of an extruder as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a fourth gear set (6) that works in conjunction with the third gear set (5). The fourth gear set (6) includes a third shaft (64) rotatably mounted on a bracket, and a tenth gear (61), an eleventh gear (62), and a twelfth gear (63) respectively fixed on the third shaft (64). The third shaft (64) is driven to rotate by a motor (65).

7. The screw structure of an extruder as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second shaft (54) is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the second cylinder (55), and the second shaft (54) has at least the following states when the second cylinder (55) extends or retracts: Fourth state: The tenth gear (61) meshes with the seventh gear (51); Fifth state: The eleventh gear (62) meshes with the eighth gear (52); Sixth state: The twelfth gear (63) meshes with the ninth gear (53).

8. The screw structure of an extruder as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second shaft (54) has a shaft hole (541) and a groove (542) is provided in the shaft hole (541). The first shaft (44) has a protrusion (441) fixed on it. When the first shaft (44) is inserted into the shaft hole (541), the protrusion (441) is stuck in the groove (542).

9. The screw structure of an extruder as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Both the output shaft of the motor (65) and the third shaft (64) are fixed with pulleys (661). The two pulleys (661) are connected by a belt (662), and the pulleys (661) and the belt (662) form a belt group (66).

10. The screw structure of an extruder as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The second gear (32) is connected to the outside of the second rod (22) via a bearing.

Images