A fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning and a rail vehicle air conditioning unit

Abstract

This utility model relates to a fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning and a rail vehicle air conditioning unit, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring the number of people inside the vehicle; an execution component including a fresh air valve and multiple pressure wave protection valves; and an air conditioning controller connected to the acquisition module and the execution component, configured to control the fresh air valve to a set minimum opening and close at least one of the pressure wave protection valves in response to the number of people reaching a low load setting condition. This utility model can meet the precise adjustment requirements of fresh air volume under low load conditions, expand the effective adjustment range of the fresh air valve, and thus effectively reduce the air conditioning heat load, effectively avoiding energy waste and achieving energy saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of air conditioning control technology for rail vehicles, and specifically relates to a fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning and an air conditioning unit for rail vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] In rail transit vehicles, proper control of fresh air volume is crucial to ensuring air quality and passenger comfort within the carriages. Traditional methods for controlling fresh air volume in rail air conditioning systems generally follow the per capita fresh air volume (10m³) required by rail vehicle contracts or national rail vehicle general technical standards. 3 The design is based on the number of passengers in the vehicle, and the fresh air volume required varies depending on the number of passengers. In particular, the number of passengers in subway and urban rail vehicles varies greatly at different times of the day. If a large fresh air volume is supplied when there are fewer passengers, it will not only waste energy, but may also have an adverse effect on the stability of the air pressure and the air environment inside the vehicle under certain operating conditions (such as when pressure waves are generated during train operation).

[0003] Traditional rail vehicle air conditioning systems regulate fresh air volume solely through the opening of the fresh air valve. This can lead to decreased control accuracy at low passenger loads due to the valve opening being too small. Current fresh air volume regulation systems cannot solve the energy waste problem caused by excessive fresh air volume under low passenger load conditions. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by this utility model is to provide a rail vehicle air conditioning fresh air volume control system that can achieve precise adjustment of fresh air volume even when the passenger load inside the vehicle is small, effectively avoiding energy waste, and to provide a rail vehicle air conditioning unit that uses this rail vehicle air conditioning fresh air volume control system.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the first basic concept of the technical solution adopted by this utility model is:

[0006] A fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning includes:

[0007] The acquisition module is used to obtain the number of people inside the vehicle;

[0008] The actuators include a fresh air valve and multiple pressure wave protection valves;

[0009] An air conditioning controller, connected to an acquisition module and an execution component, is configured to control the fresh air valve to a set minimum opening and close at least one of the pressure wave protection valves in response to a low load setting condition for the number of people.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure wave protection valve is configured to be normally open by default in its initial state, and the fresh air valve is configured to be fully open with a 100% opening degree by default in its initial state.

[0011] Furthermore, the low load setting condition is a setting ratio A of the car's passenger capacity.

[0012] Furthermore, the set percentage A% is less than or equal to 30%.

[0013] Furthermore, the set ratio A% is 25%.

[0014] Furthermore, the minimum opening degree of the fresh air valve is specifically a set ratio B that adjusts the fresh air valve to 100% opening degree.

[0015] Furthermore, the set percentage B% is 11%.

[0016] Furthermore, the acquisition module includes:

[0017] The detection unit includes one of a weight sensor, a pressure sensor, and a CO2 concentration detection device, and the weight sensor, pressure sensor, and CO2 concentration detection device are connected to the conversion unit.

[0018] The conversion unit is used to convert the detection data from the detection unit into the number of people inside the vehicle.

[0019] Furthermore, the execution component includes a fresh air valve and two pressure wave protection valves. The fresh air valve is installed on the air outlet side of the fresh air chamber of the air conditioning unit. The air outlet side of the fresh air valve is divided into two fresh air channels that communicate with the return air chamber. One pressure wave protection valve is installed at the inlet end of each fresh air channel.

[0020] The second basic concept of the technical solution adopted by this utility model is:

[0021] A rail vehicle air conditioning unit adopts the rail vehicle air conditioning fresh air volume control system described above.

[0022] In summary, the air volume control system and air conditioning unit for rail vehicles provided by this utility model have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0023] (1) When the passenger load in the vehicle reaches a low load condition (i.e., the number of passengers in the vehicle is small), this utility model reduces the amount of fresh air entering the vehicle by closing one of the pressure wave protection valves. Then, by adjusting the fresh air valve to the set minimum opening, the precise adjustment of the fresh air volume under the low load condition can be met, expanding the effective adjustment range of the fresh air valve under the low load condition, effectively improving the control accuracy of the fresh air volume when the passenger load is low, thereby effectively reducing the air conditioning heat load, avoiding energy waste, achieving the purpose of energy saving, and solving the energy waste problem of excessive fresh air volume under the low passenger load condition in the prior art.

[0024] (2) When the present invention meets the low load working conditions, the fresh air valve only needs to be opened to the set minimum opening degree. It will not generate noise due to the structural limitation of the fresh air valve, so as to reduce the fresh air volume to a lower level. This will affect the riding comfort.

[0025] (3) By opening and closing two pressure wave protection valves, this utility model changes the equivalent length of the fresh air flow channel. Through actual measurement, the minimum controllable air volume can be reduced by 50%, that is, the lower limit of fresh air volume adjustment can be reduced from 40% to 20%, which expands the effective adjustment range of the fresh air valve, which is conducive to further reducing the heat load of air conditioning and improving the energy-saving effect.

[0026] (4) When the low load condition is reached, the present invention directly closes one of the pressure wave protection valves and directly adjusts the opening of the fresh air valve to the set minimum opening, making the control logic of the fresh air volume control system simpler.

[0027] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, as part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present utility model are used to explain the present utility model, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the present utility model. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments; those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0029] In the attached diagram:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air conditioning unit for rail vehicles according to this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fresh air volume control system of this utility model.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] Evaporator 1, Fresh air chamber 2, Return air chamber 3, Fresh air valve 4, Pressure wave protection valve 5, Acquisition module 6, Execution component 7, Air conditioning controller 8.

[0034] It should be noted that the accompanying drawings and text description are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides an air conditioning unit for rail vehicles, which is installed on the roof of the rail vehicle. Each car of the rail vehicle is generally equipped with one or two air conditioning units, and each air conditioning unit is equipped with the rail vehicle air conditioning fresh air volume control system provided by this utility model.

[0039] The rail vehicle air conditioning unit includes a casing. Inside the casing, a partition separates the indoor and outdoor sides (not shown in the figure). Components such as the evaporator 1 and the blower (not shown in the figure) are installed on the indoor side, while components such as the compressor, condenser, and condenser fan (not shown in the figure) are installed on the outdoor side. Two evaporators 1 are installed parallel to each other on the indoor side, extending along the length of the air conditioning unit. A blower is installed on the air outlet side of each evaporator 1.

[0040] The interior side is further divided into a fresh air cavity 2 and a return air cavity 3. Fresh air inlets (not shown in the figure) are provided on the casing of the air conditioning unit. Generally, one fresh air inlet is provided on each of the two side plates of the casing. The fresh air inlets are connected to the fresh air cavity 2, which extends along the width of the casing and is then connected to the return air cavity 3. The return air outlet of the air conditioning unit (not shown in the figure) is connected to the return air cavity 3. The return air outlet is located on the bottom plate of the casing between the two evaporators 1. The air in the carriage enters the return air cavity 3 through the return air outlet. Fresh air passes through the two fresh air inlets and the fresh air cavity 2 in sequence before entering the return air cavity 3. The fresh air and return air mix in the return air cavity 3 and then pass through the two evaporators 1. Under the action of the two sets of blowers 2, the air is delivered to the carriage through the two sets of air outlets (not shown in the figure) and the air supply duct to regulate the environment inside the carriage.

[0041] In this embodiment, a fresh air valve 4 is installed on the air outlet side of the fresh air chamber 2, at the connection point between it and the return air chamber 3. Fresh air entering through the two fresh air inlets 6 first enters the fresh air chamber 2, then passes through the fresh air valve 4 on one side before entering the return air chamber 3. The amount of fresh air supplied to the passenger compartment can be adjusted by regulating the opening of the fresh air valve 4, thereby ensuring the freshness of the air inside the passenger compartment. Thus, only one fresh air valve 4 needs to be installed in the air conditioning unit to regulate the fresh air volume, making the structure of the air conditioning unit simpler and more compact, and also simplifying the control logic of the air conditioning unit.

[0042] In this embodiment, preferably, two pressure wave protection valves 5 are also installed inside the air conditioning unit. These pressure wave protection valves 5 are pneumatic pressure wave protection valves, and each valve can be controlled independently. The outlet side of the fresh air valve 4 is divided into two fresh air channels (not shown in the figure) that communicate with the return air chamber 3. A pressure wave protection valve 5 is installed at the inlet end of each fresh air channel. The two pressure wave protection valves 5 are arranged along the width direction of the housing, while the pressure wave protection valves 5 and the fresh air valve 4 are arranged along the length direction of the housing. Figure 1 In the middle, two pressure wave protection valves 5 are installed side by side on the left side of the fresh air valve 4 (i.e., the air outlet side of the fresh air valve 4). When the pressure of the introduced fresh air fluctuates greatly due to the passing of rail vehicles or entering and exiting tunnels, the two pressure wave protection valves 5 can be closed simultaneously to reduce the impact of external pressure on the carriage and ensure passenger comfort.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, this utility model also provides a fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning, including an acquisition module 6, an execution component 7, and an air conditioning controller 8. The air conditioning controller 8 is used to control the operating status of each component of the air conditioning unit; the acquisition module 6 is used to acquire the number of people inside the vehicle; one fresh air valve 4 and two pressure wave protection valves 5 serve as the execution component 7. The acquisition module 6, the fresh air valve 4, and the two pressure wave protection valves 5 are all connected to the air conditioning controller 8. The air conditioning controller 8 is configured to control the fresh air valve 4 to a set minimum opening and close one of the pressure wave protection valves 5 in response to the number of people inside the vehicle reaching a low load setting condition.

[0044] In this embodiment, two pressure wave protection valves 5 are configured to be normally open by default. When rail vehicles meet or pass through tunnels, both valves 5 are closed simultaneously. When the number of passengers inside the vehicle reaches a low-load setting, at least one valve 5 is controlled to close. In this embodiment, two pressure wave protection valves 5 are installed on the indoor side corresponding to the fresh air valve 4. Therefore, closing one valve 5 leaves the other fully open. The fresh air valve 4 is configured to be fully open by default (100% opening). The opening of the fresh air valve 4 is adjusted according to the required fresh air volume inside the vehicle. When the number of passengers inside the vehicle reaches a low-load setting, the fresh air valve 4 is directly controlled to the set minimum opening.

[0045] In this way, when the passenger load in the vehicle reaches a low load condition (i.e., the number of passengers in the vehicle is small), by directly closing one of the pressure wave protection valves 5 (the pressure wave protection valve 5 has only two states: open and closed), the amount of fresh air entering the passenger compartment is reduced. Then, by adjusting the fresh air valve 4 to the set minimum opening, not only can the precise adjustment requirements for fresh air volume under low load conditions be met, but the effective adjustment range of the fresh air valve 4 is also expanded. In particular, the adjustment range under low load conditions is effectively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the air conditioning heat load, effectively avoiding energy waste, achieving the purpose of energy saving, and also making the fresh air volume control logic under low load conditions simpler. At the same time, when the low load condition is met, the fresh air valve only needs to be opened to the set minimum opening. Due to the structural limitations of the fresh air valve 4, it will not be necessary to adjust the fresh air valve 4 to a smaller opening in order to reduce the fresh air volume to a lower level, which would generate noise and affect the passenger comfort.

[0046] In this embodiment, the equivalent length of the fresh air duct can be changed by opening and closing the two pneumatic pressure wave protection valves 5, thus expanding the effective adjustment range of the fresh air valve 4. Actual measurements show that the minimum controllable air volume can be reduced by 50%. Specifically, when the air conditioning unit is equipped with one fresh air valve 4 and one pressure wave protection valve 5, the effective adjustment range of the fresh air valve 4 is the set minimum opening degree minus 100% of the opening degree. Because this is a non-linear relationship, the corresponding adjustment range of the fresh air volume is approximately 40%-100%. When the air conditioning unit is equipped with one fresh air valve 4 and two pressure wave protection valves 5, the two pressure wave protection valves 5 can be controlled independently. The lower limit of the fresh air volume control is then the set minimum opening degree of the fresh air valve 4 plus the opening of one pressure wave protection valve 5. The lower limit of the fresh air volume adjustment can be reduced from 40% to 20%, expanding the adjustment range of the fresh air volume and further reducing the air conditioning heat load, thus improving energy efficiency.

[0047] In this embodiment, the acquisition module 6 is further preferably configured to include a detection unit 61 and a conversion unit 62. The detection unit 61 may be one of a weight sensor, a pressure sensor, or a CO2 concentration detection device. The weight sensor, pressure sensor, or CO2 concentration detection device is connected to the conversion unit 62 to transmit the detected data to the conversion unit 62. The conversion unit 62 is used to convert the detection data of the detection unit 61 into the number of people N in the vehicle. The conversion unit 62 is connected to the air conditioning controller 8. The conversion unit 62 and the air conditioning controller 8 may be connected by wire or through a vehicle network system.

[0048] This embodiment provides an implementation method in which the detection unit 61 uses a weight sensor installed under the carriage to calculate the number of people N in the vehicle based on 60kg per person. The acquisition module 6 sends the calculation result to the air conditioning controller 8 through the vehicle network system. The air conditioning controller 8 controls the operation of the fresh air valve 4 and the pressure wave protection valve 5 according to the acquired number of people in the vehicle.

[0049] The air conditioning controller 8 further calculates the required fresh air volume Q in real time based on the converted number of people N in the vehicle, where Q = K × N; and K is the minimum fresh air volume per person, K = 10m³. 3 / h, where N is the real-time number of people. The air conditioning controller 8 controls the operating status of each component of the air conditioning unit based on the calculated fresh air volume.

[0050] In this embodiment, the low-load setting condition is further preferably set to a percentage (A%) of the vehicle's passenger capacity. This not only simplifies the system's control logic but also reduces the number of detection components. More preferably, the percentage (A%) is set to be less than or equal to 30%, with an optimal value of 25%. When the number of passengers (N) calculated as described above is less than 25% of the passenger capacity, the low-load setting condition is met, and the air conditioning system enters low-load operation. For example, when the passenger capacity is 248 people, 25% of 248 people is 62 people. When the number of passengers (N) decreases to 62 people, the low-load setting condition is met, and the air conditioning controller 8 controls the fresh air valve 4 to adjust to its minimum opening, while simultaneously closing one of the pressure wave protection valves 5.

[0051] In this embodiment, the minimum opening degree of the fresh air valve 4 is specifically set to a set percentage B% that adjusts the fresh air valve 4 to 100% opening. The set percentage B% is further preferably 11%. This set percentage B% is determined based on actual testing. Due to the limitations of the valve body structure of the fresh air valve 4, when the opening degree of the fresh air valve 4 is adjusted to less than the set percentage B% (11%), a whistling-like abnormal sound occurs, preventing the fresh air valve 4 from continuing to close. Using a fixed percentage setting not only avoids affecting the comfort of passengers in the carriage but also simplifies the system's control logic.

[0052] The control process of this fresh air volume control system is described in detail below:

[0053] 1. When the train starts, the two pressure wave protection valves 5 are open by default, and the fresh air valve 4 is also in a 100% fully open state by default.

[0054] 2. When the number of people in the vehicle is N=62 people (25% of the capacity of 248 people) or less, the air conditioning controller 8 controls the pressure wave protection valve 5 and the fresh air valve 4 to work together, that is, close one of the pressure wave protection valves 5, keep the other pressure wave protection valve 5 open, and adjust the fresh air valve 4 to the set minimum opening degree of 11%.

[0055] When the number of people in the vehicle exceeds 62, the air conditioning controller 8 controls the opening of the fresh air valve 4 according to the fresh air volume control logic. To simplify the control method, this embodiment provides a feasible implementation method: the opening of the fresh air valve 4 is pre-divided into multiple levels and stored in the air conditioning controller 8, and the number of people in the vehicle (when it exceeds 62 people) is also divided into multiple levels and stored. Each opening level of the fresh air valve 4 corresponds one-to-one with the level of the number of people in the vehicle. During this process, both pressure wave protection valves 5 are kept open, only closing when meeting oncoming traffic or passing through tunnels.

[0056] The above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0057] 1. When the passenger load in the vehicle reaches a low load condition (i.e., the number of passengers in the vehicle is small), this fresh air volume control system reduces the amount of fresh air entering the vehicle by closing one of the pressure wave protection valves 5. Then, by adjusting the fresh air valve 4 to the set minimum opening, it can meet the precise adjustment of the fresh air volume under low load conditions, expand the effective adjustment range of the fresh air valve 4 under low load conditions, effectively improve the control accuracy of fresh air volume when the passenger load is low, and thus effectively reduce the air conditioning heat load, avoid energy waste, achieve the purpose of energy saving, and solve the energy waste problem of excessive fresh air volume under low passenger load conditions in the existing technology.

[0058] 2. When the fresh air volume control system meets the low load conditions, the fresh air valve 4 only needs to be opened to the set minimum opening degree. Due to the structural limitations of the fresh air valve 4, the fresh air valve will not be adjusted to a smaller opening degree in order to reduce the fresh air volume to a lower level, which will generate noise and affect the riding comfort.

[0059] 3. This fresh air volume control system changes the equivalent length of the fresh air flow channel by opening and closing two pressure wave protection valves 5. Through actual measurement, the minimum controllable air volume can be reduced by 50%, that is, the lower limit of fresh air volume adjustment can be reduced from 40% to 20%, which expands the effective adjustment range of the fresh air valve, which is conducive to further reducing the heat load of air conditioning and improving energy saving effect.

[0060] 4. When the fresh air volume control system reaches a low load condition, it directly closes one of the pressure wave protection valves 5 and directly adjusts the opening of the fresh air valve 4 to the set minimum opening, making the control logic of the fresh air volume control system simpler.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. The implementation schemes in the above embodiments can be further combined or replaced. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fresh air volume control system for air conditioning in rail vehicles, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to obtain the number of people inside the vehicle; The actuators include a fresh air valve and multiple pressure wave protection valves; An air conditioning controller, connected to an acquisition module and an execution component, is configured to control the fresh air valve to a set minimum opening and close at least one of the pressure wave protection valves in response to a low load setting condition for the number of people.

2. The fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure wave protection valve is configured to be normally open by default in its initial state, and the fresh air valve is configured to be fully open with a 100% opening degree by default in its initial state.

3. The fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low load setting condition is the set ratio A of the car's passenger capacity.

4. The fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The set percentage A% is less than or equal to 30%.

5. The fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning according to claim 4, characterized in that: The set percentage A% is 25%.

6. The fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum opening degree of the fresh air valve is specifically set at a ratio B that adjusts the fresh air valve to 100% opening.

7. The fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The set percentage B% is 11%.

8. The fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition module includes: The detection unit includes one of a weight sensor, a pressure sensor, and a CO2 concentration detection device, and the weight sensor, pressure sensor, and CO2 concentration detection device are connected to the conversion unit. The conversion unit is used to convert the detection data from the detection unit into the number of people inside the vehicle.

9. The fresh air volume control system for air conditioning in rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The execution component includes a fresh air valve and two pressure wave protection valves. The fresh air valve is installed on the air outlet side of the fresh air chamber of the air conditioning unit. The air outlet side of the fresh air valve is divided into two fresh air channels that communicate with the return air chamber. One pressure wave protection valve is installed at the inlet end of each fresh air channel.

10. An air conditioning unit for rail vehicles, characterized in that: The fresh air volume control system for rail vehicle air conditioning as described in any one of claims 1-9 is adopted.

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