Solar energy decentralized sewage treatment equipment

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of wastewater treatment and provides a solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment device, including a wastewater treatment tank, a solar power supply system, and an artificial wetland. A DC aerator pump is externally connected to the wastewater treatment tank. The solar power supply system includes a photovoltaic panel, an energy storage battery, and an intelligent controller. The output end of the photovoltaic panel and the charging / discharging end of the energy storage battery are electrically connected to the corresponding control interface of the intelligent controller. The output end of the intelligent controller is electrically connected to the DC aerator pump. The intelligent controller is configured to output control signals to the DC aerator pump based on the voltage signal of the energy storage battery and execute a graded sleep strategy. This utility model eliminates the inverter stage and achieves a four-level sleep strategy based on the battery's state of charge (SOC) through the intelligent controller. It can still operate intermittently even during continuous cloudy or rainy weather, ensuring microbial activity. Furthermore, after coupling with the artificial wetland, it further removes pollutants, achieving long-term stable and compliant wastewater treatment with low operating costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wastewater treatment, specifically a solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of new rural construction, the treatment of rural domestic sewage has received increasing attention. Decentralized sewage treatment units, due to their flexible installation and lack of the need for large-scale pipeline construction, have become one of the mainstream technical solutions for rural sewage problems. Currently, most of these devices on the market employ biofilm treatment processes such as AO, AAO, biological contact oxidation, and MBBR. Their stable operation is highly dependent on power supply to maintain core processes such as aeration and recirculation. However, rural areas often face problems such as insufficient power grid coverage, unstable power supply, or high electricity costs, limiting the widespread application of traditional sewage treatment units. To overcome the power supply problem, utilizing solar energy, a clean energy source, to power the equipment has become an ideal solution. Existing technologies already include solar-powered sewage treatment equipment using a "photovoltaic panel-battery-inverter-AC load" model.

[0003] However, this model has significant drawbacks: First, the process of converting DC to AC by the inverter itself involves energy loss, reducing the overall system's energy efficiency. To compensate for this loss, larger-power photovoltaic panels and larger-capacity batteries must be installed, leading to high system costs and hindering large-scale adoption in rural markets. Second, its control system is functionally limited, typically only possessing basic charge and discharge management functions, which are out of sync with the actual operating conditions of wastewater treatment processes. It cannot intelligently adjust the equipment's operating mode based on energy status. During periods of continuous rain or insufficient solar energy, the system is highly susceptible to complete shutdown due to over-discharge of the battery, resulting in interruption of treatment functions, system collapse, and extreme difficulty in recovery. It requires reculturing the microbial community, compromising the most basic reliability and stability of the wastewater treatment equipment.

[0004] To address the problems raised in the background art, those skilled in the art have proposed a solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment device. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment device that achieves efficient, stable, and low-energy-consumption decentralized wastewater treatment by eliminating the inverter stage, implementing a multi-stage dormancy strategy, and coupling with artificial wetlands.

[0006] A solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment device includes: The wastewater treatment tank has an inlet and an outlet at the top of each end, and its interior is divided into multiple treatment chambers connected in series by partitions. It is externally connected to a DC oxygen pump. The solar power system includes photovoltaic panels, energy storage batteries, and an intelligent controller. The output terminals of the photovoltaic panels and the charging / discharging terminals of the energy storage batteries are electrically connected to the corresponding control interfaces of the intelligent controller. The output terminal of the intelligent controller is electrically connected to a DC oxygen pump. The intelligent controller is configured to output control signals to the DC oxygen pump based on the voltage signal from the energy storage battery and execute the following hierarchical sleep strategy: a. When the SOC of the energy storage battery is greater than or equal to 80%, the DC oxygen pump is driven to run continuously at 100% duty cycle. b. When the SOC is between 80% and 70%, operate intermittently with a 50% duty cycle; c. When the SOC is between 70% and 60%, operate intermittently with a 35% duty cycle; d. When the SOC is between 60% and 50%, operate intermittently with a 20% duty cycle; e. When SOC < 50%, disconnect the load and enter sleep mode; And constructed wetlands, located at the outlet downstream of the wastewater treatment tank, have a gravel layer, a wetland filler layer and an aquatic plant layer laid in sequence at the bottom, which are used to further polish the treated water.

[0007] Preferably, the inlet upstream of the sewage treatment tank is connected to a grate pool, which is used to intercept large floating objects.

[0008] Preferably, the processing chambers are arranged from left to right as follows: anaerobic chamber, anoxic chamber, primary aerobic biochemical chamber, secondary aerobic biochemical chamber, and water disinfection chamber. The water disinfection chamber is equipped with a water disinfection component and a stripping reflux device.

[0009] Preferably, the water disinfection component is a disinfection cup, which is located on the upper part of the inner side of the water disinfection treatment chamber and is integrated with the water outlet. A slow-release chlorine disinfection tablet is placed inside the disinfection cup.

[0010] Preferably, the suction port of the stripping reflux device extends to the bottom of the inner side of the clean water disinfection chamber, the reflux port of the stripping reflux device extends to the anoxic chamber, and the air inlet of the stripping reflux device is connected to the air outlet of the DC oxygen pump.

[0011] Preferably, both the primary aerobic biochemical chamber and the secondary aerobic biochemical chamber are equipped with an aeration device connected to a DC oxygen pump.

[0012] Preferably, the circuit board of the intelligent controller integrates a voltage detection circuit and a load control circuit. The input terminal of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the energy storage battery, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the load control circuit. The output terminal of the load control circuit is connected to the DC oxygen pump.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has the following advantages: The whole system consists of a sewage treatment tank, a DC oxygen pump, a solar DC power supply system, and an artificial wetland. The inverter-free DC solar power supply system is deeply coupled with the multi-process integrated sewage treatment tank through an intelligent controller, eliminating the inverter stage, eliminating certain energy losses, greatly improving system energy efficiency and reducing overall cost. The solar DC power supply system implements a graded sleep strategy based on battery SOC through the intelligent controller, which can still operate intermittently in continuous rainy weather, solving the problem of system paralysis due to power outages under long-term rainy weather conditions, ensuring microbial activity, and further removing pollutants after coupling with the artificial wetland, achieving long-term stable compliance with standards at low operating costs. It is suitable for rural areas, scenic spots and other areas with weak power grids. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a system control flowchart of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the sewage treatment tank of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the artificial wetland of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal layout of the control cabinet of this utility model.

[0015] In the picture: 1. Wastewater treatment tank; 101. Inlet; 102. Outlet; 103. DC aerator; 104. Screen tank; 2. Solar power system; 201. Photovoltaic panel; 202. Energy storage battery; 203. Intelligent controller; 3. Constructed wetland; 301. Gravel layer; 302. Wetland filler layer; 303. Aquatic plant layer; 4. Baffle; 5. Anaerobic chamber; 6. Anoxic chamber; 7. Primary aerobic biochemical chamber; 8. Secondary aerobic biochemical chamber; 9. Clean water disinfection chamber; 901. Clean water disinfection components; 902. Stripping reflux device; 10. Aeration device; 11. Electrical control cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0017] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 As shown: This utility model provides a solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment device, including a wastewater treatment tank 1, a solar power supply system 2, and an artificial wetland 3. The wastewater treatment tank 1 has an inlet 101 and an outlet 102 at its top ends, respectively. The interior of the wastewater treatment tank 1 is divided into multiple treatment chambers connected in series by partitions 4. A DC aerator pump 103 is connected to the exterior of the wastewater treatment tank 1. The solar power supply system 2 includes a photovoltaic panel 201, an energy storage battery 202, and an intelligent controller 203. The output end of the photovoltaic panel 201 and the charging / discharging end of the energy storage battery 202 are electrically connected to the corresponding control interfaces of the intelligent controller 203. The output end of the intelligent controller 203 is electrically connected to the DC aerator pump 103. The intelligent controller 203 is configured to output control signals to the DC aerator pump 103 based on the voltage signal of the energy storage battery 202, and execute the following hierarchical sleep strategy: a. When the SOC of the energy storage battery 202 is ≥80%, the DC oxygen pump 103 is driven to run continuously at 100% duty cycle. b. When the SOC is between 80% and 70%, operate intermittently with a 50% duty cycle; c. When the SOC is between 70% and 60%, operate intermittently with a 35% duty cycle; d. When the SOC is between 60% and 50%, operate intermittently with a 20% duty cycle; e. When SOC < 50%, disconnect the load and enter sleep mode; An artificial wetland 3 is installed at the outlet 102 downstream of the sewage treatment tank 1. The bottom of the artificial wetland 3 is laid with a gravel layer 301, a wetland filler layer 302 and an aquatic plant layer 303 in sequence. The artificial wetland 3 is used to further polish the treated water.

[0018] refer to Figure 4 It also includes an electrical cabinet, with the energy storage battery 202, intelligent controller 203 and DC oxygen pump 103 all placed inside the electrical control cabinet 11.

[0019] It should be further explained that the reference Figure 3 Constructed wetland 3 adopts a horizontal subsurface flow form with a length-to-width ratio of 2:1 and a depth of 0.75 m. The bottom is laid with a 200 mm thick gravel layer 301 with a particle size of 20-30 mm. Then, a 350 mm thick wetland filler layer 302 is laid on top, which is composed of blast furnace slag and zeolite in a volume ratio of 1:1. The top layer is planted with aquatic plants 303, which uses Thalia dealbata and Iris tectorum at a planting density of 16 plants / m². The multi-layer synergistic effect makes constructed wetland 3 significantly improve the removal rate of COD, NH3-N and TP, thus making the effluent stably meet the standards.

[0020] Specifically, when the photovoltaic panel 201 generates electricity, it can simultaneously power the energy storage battery 202 and the DC aeration pump 103 via the intelligent controller 203. Alternatively, it can prioritize powering the energy storage battery 202, which then directly supplies power to the DC aeration pump 103. When the energy storage battery 202 is fully charged, the photovoltaic panel 201 automatically switches to supply power directly to the DC aeration pump 103 via the intelligent controller 203, enabling the aeration device 10 in the wastewater treatment tank 1 to operate. However, in rainy weather, the photovoltaic panel 201 cannot... During power generation, the energy storage battery 202 directly supplies power to the DC aeration pump 103. However, when the energy storage battery 202's charge decreases, the equipment's operating time can be automatically adjusted according to the power usage. Specifically, the wastewater treatment tank 1 operates intermittently, with the energy storage battery 202 directly supplying power to the DC aeration pump 103. The equipment operates normally during peak water usage periods, and at other times operates in a 2-minute run-2-minute stop-start mode. When the energy storage battery 202's charge is below 80%, the DC aeration pump 103 is switched off. The system operates normally during peak water usage periods, and at other times, it operates in a 2-minute run-and-stop mode for 4 minutes. When the energy storage battery 202's charge is below 70%, the operating time of the DC aerator pump 103 is shortened during peak water usage periods, and at other times, it operates in a 2-minute run-and-stop mode for 6 minutes. When the energy storage battery 202's charge is below 60%, the operating time of the DC aerator pump 103 is shortened during peak water usage periods, and at other times, it operates in a 2-minute run-and-stop mode for 8 minutes. When the energy storage battery 202's charge is below 50%, the power supply to the DC aerator pump 103 is automatically cut off, and the wastewater treatment tank 1 enters a dormant state. Wastewater passes through various processes in the wastewater treatment tank 1 and then enters the post-constructed wetland 3 for compliant discharge. When the photovoltaic panel 201 can generate electricity normally, the intelligent control system automatically starts supplying power to the energy storage battery 202 and the DC aerator pump 103, waking the wastewater treatment tank 1 from its dormant state and putting it into normal operation. This cycle repeats continuously, and all operations are automatically controlled by the intelligent controller 203.

[0021] It should be noted that the function of the intelligent controller 203 to automatically switch the operating status of the sewage treatment tank 1 is achieved by embedding a control program in its hardware circuit. Those skilled in the art can implement this control logic based on the above functional requirements without creative effort, using existing embedded programming technology.

[0022] refer to Figure 2 The inlet 101 upstream of the sewage treatment tank 1 is connected to a grate pool 104, which is used to intercept large floating objects.

[0023] refer to Figure 2The processing chambers, from left to right, are anaerobic chamber 5, anoxic chamber 6, primary aerobic biochemical chamber 7, secondary aerobic biochemical chamber 8, and clean water disinfection chamber 9. The clean water disinfection chamber 9 is equipped with a clean water disinfection component 901 and a stripping reflux device 902.

[0024] The anaerobic chamber 5 is equipped with anaerobic biofilm packing material, the anoxic chamber 6 is equipped with fixed-bed biofilm packing material, the primary aerobic biochemical chamber 7 is equipped with a moving-bed biofilm reactor, and the secondary aerobic biochemical chamber 8 is equipped with a fixed-bed biofilm reactor.

[0025] Specifically, after the wastewater passes through the front-end screen tank to remove floating debris and larger impurities, it enters the anaerobic chamber 5 through inlet 101. The chamber contains biofilm packing material for anaerobic microorganisms to attach and hydrolyze large organic molecules, while simultaneously generating the carbon source needed for denitrification. The wastewater then flows into the anoxic chamber 6, which contains fixed-bed biofilm packing material for anoxic bacteria to attach and stabilize the bacterial community. Utilizing the carbon source provided by the anaerobic chamber 5, denitrification occurs, further degrading organic matter and reducing the load on downstream processes. The wastewater then flows into the primary aerobic chamber, which contains a moving-bed biofilm reactor capable of rapidly removing nitrogen. COD and ammonia nitrogen are controlled, and the system is resistant to fluctuations in water volume and quality. It can rapidly nitrify: ammonia nitrogen → nitrite → nitrate. After treatment in the primary aerobic chamber, the wastewater flows by gravity into the secondary aerobic chamber. The chamber is equipped with a fixed-bed biofilm reactor, which allows nitrifying bacteria to attach and form a biofilm, further converting residual ammonia nitrogen into nitrate and retaining detached biofilm. The water then flows into the clear water disinfection treatment chamber 9 for further treatment and then flows by gravity into the constructed wetland 3. The constructed wetland 3 deeply removes COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus through the synergistic effect of gravel, packing material, filter media, aquatic plants, and microorganisms, ultimately achieving stable discharge that meets standards.

[0026] refer to Figure 2 The water disinfection component 901 is a disinfection cup. The disinfection cup is located on the upper part of the inner side of the water disinfection treatment chamber 9 and is integrated with the water outlet 102. Slow-release chlorine disinfection tablets are placed inside the disinfection cup.

[0027] Specifically, after the water flows through the disinfection cup to remove pathogens, viruses, and residual chlorine-sensitive indicators, it is discharged from the outlet 102 to ensure that the water is hygienic, safe, and consistently meets the standards.

[0028] refer to Figure 2 The suction port of the stripping reflux device 902 extends to the bottom of the inner side of the clean water disinfection chamber 9, the reflux port of the stripping reflux device 902 extends to the anoxic chamber 6, and the air inlet of the stripping reflux device 902 is connected to the air outlet of the DC oxygen pump 103.

[0029] Specifically, the stripping reflux device 902 refluxes some of the sludge and nitrification liquid at the bottom of the chamber to the anoxic chamber 6 to replenish the amount of denitrifying bacteria and enhance denitrification.

[0030] refer to Figure 2Both the primary aerobic biochemical chamber 7 and the secondary aerobic biochemical chamber 8 are equipped with an aeration device 10 connected to a DC oxygen pump 103.

[0031] Specifically, the aeration device 10 increases the dissolved oxygen content in the water by blowing air into the primary aerobic biological chamber 7 and the secondary aerobic biological chamber 8, creating a suitable living environment for aerobic microorganisms. This enables them to efficiently decompose organic pollutants in the wastewater, converting large organic molecules into small molecules, and ultimately mineralizing them into carbon dioxide and water, thereby reducing the concentration of organic matter in the wastewater.

[0032] refer to Figure 2 The circuit board of the intelligent controller 203 integrates a voltage detection circuit and a load control circuit. The input terminal of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the energy storage battery 202, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the load control circuit. The output terminal of the load control circuit is connected to the DC oxygen pump 103.

[0033] Specifically, the voltage detection circuit is connected to the energy storage battery 202 and can detect the voltage signal of the energy storage battery 202 in real time and accurately. This allows the system to understand the remaining power of the energy storage battery 202 and provides key data for subsequent intelligent control. The load control circuit then precisely controls the DC oxygen pump 103 based on the signal output by the voltage detection circuit.

[0034] Working principle: When the solar-powered decentralized sewage treatment tank 1 is working, the sewage first passes through the screen tank 104 to intercept large floating objects, and then enters the sewage treatment tank 1 through the inlet 101. It flows sequentially through the anaerobic chamber 5, the anoxic chamber 6, the primary aerobic biological treatment chamber 7, and the secondary aerobic biological treatment chamber 8, and then enters the clear water disinfection treatment chamber 9. After passing through the disinfection cup containing slow-release chlorine disinfection tablets to remove pathogens, it is discharged through the outlet 102 to the constructed wetland 3. The constructed wetland 3 deeply treats the sewage through the synergistic effect of gravel, packing material, aquatic plants, and microorganisms, so that it can be stably discharged in compliance with standards. Meanwhile, the photovoltaic panels 201 of the solar power system 2 generate electricity, which charges the energy storage battery 202 or directly supplies power to the DC aeration pump 103 through the intelligent controller 203. The intelligent controller 203 executes a graded sleep strategy based on the voltage signal of the energy storage battery 202 to control the operation of the DC aeration pump 103, thereby controlling the aeration device 10 to supply oxygen to the aerobic biochemical chamber. The stripping reflux device 902 returns the sludge and nitrification liquid at the bottom of the clean water disinfection treatment chamber 9 to the anoxic chamber 6 to enhance denitrification. The entire process is automatically controlled by the intelligent controller 203.

[0035] The embodiments of this utility model are given for the purpose of illustration and description. Although embodiments of this utility model have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this utility model, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment device, characterized in that, include: The wastewater treatment tank (1) has an inlet (101) and an outlet (102) at the top of both ends, and its interior is divided into multiple treatment chambers connected in series by a partition (4). A DC oxygen pump (103) is connected to its exterior. A solar power supply system (2) includes a photovoltaic panel (201), an energy storage battery (202), and an intelligent controller (203). The output terminal of the photovoltaic panel (201) and the charging and discharging terminals of the energy storage battery (202) are electrically connected to the corresponding control interfaces of the intelligent controller (203). The output terminal of the intelligent controller (203) is electrically connected to a DC oxygen pump (103). The intelligent controller (203) is configured to output control signals to the DC oxygen pump (103) based on the voltage signal of the energy storage battery (202) and execute the following hierarchical sleep strategy: a. When the SOC of the energy storage battery (202) is ≥80%, the DC oxygen pump (103) is driven to run continuously at 100% duty cycle; b. When the SOC is between 80% and 70%, operate intermittently with a 50% duty cycle; c. When the SOC is between 70% and 60%, operate intermittently with a 35% duty cycle; d. When the SOC is between 60% and 50%, operate intermittently with a 20% duty cycle; e. When SOC < 50%, disconnect the load and enter sleep mode; And an artificial wetland (3), which is located at the outlet (102) downstream of the sewage treatment tank (1), with a gravel layer (301), a wetland filler layer (302) and an aquatic plant layer (303) laid in sequence at its bottom, which is used to further polish the treated water.

2. The solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet (101) upstream of the sewage treatment tank (1) is connected to a grate pool (104), which is used to intercept large floating objects.

3. The solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The processing chambers are arranged from left to right as follows: anaerobic chamber (5), anoxic chamber (6), primary aerobic biochemical chamber (7), secondary aerobic biochemical chamber (8) and clean water disinfection chamber (9). The clean water disinfection chamber (9) is equipped with a clean water disinfection component (901) and a stripping reflux device (902).

4. The solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The water disinfection component (901) is a disinfection cup. The disinfection cup is located on the upper part of the inner side of the water disinfection treatment chamber (9) and is integrated with the water outlet (102). Slow-release chlorine disinfection tablets are placed inside the disinfection cup.

5. The solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The suction port of the stripping reflux device (902) extends to the bottom of the inner side of the clean water disinfection treatment chamber (9), the reflux port of the stripping reflux device (902) extends to the anoxic chamber (6), and the air inlet of the stripping reflux device (902) is connected to the air outlet of the DC oxygen pump (103).

6. The solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Both the primary aerobic biochemical chamber (7) and the secondary aerobic biochemical chamber (8) are equipped with an aeration device (10) connected to a DC oxygen pump (103).

7. The solar-powered decentralized wastewater treatment equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit board of the intelligent controller (203) integrates a voltage detection circuit and a load control circuit. The input terminal of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the energy storage battery (202), and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the load control circuit. The output terminal of the load control circuit is connected to the DC oxygen pump (103).

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