A bioleaching coupling system based on plasma-activated mineral pretreatment

Abstract

This utility model relates to the technical field of mineral processing and hydrometallurgy, and discloses a bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation, including a gas-solid fluidized bed reactor and a bioleaching reactor. The gas-solid fluidized bed reactor is a metal tower structure, with multiple gas injection nozzles electrically connected to a controller arranged circumferentially on its inner wall. It also houses a powder distribution sensor, a plasma injection device, a water bath jacket, and a spray device. The bioleaching reactor is a stirred reactor, with its inlet connected to the outlet of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor via a material conveying device. This utility model has the advantages of compact structure, good pretreatment consistency, high leaching efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection, and suitability for continuous production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of mineral processing and hydrometallurgy, specifically to a bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation. Background Technology

[0002] Low bioleaching efficiency is a common problem encountered during bioleaching, often due to the state of the target metal within the mineral. To improve bioleaching efficiency, certain ore pretreatment methods are frequently required, currently including high-temperature roasting, mechanical activation, ultrasonic-assisted activation, and microwave activation. However, high-temperature roasting consumes a lot of energy; mechanical activation suffers from severe equipment wear, easy introduction of impurities, easy agglomeration of activated powder, and difficulty in large-scale continuous processing; ultrasonic-assisted activation faces problems such as limited cavitation effect range, high energy consumption, and difficulties in scale-up design; and microwave activation has limitations such as limited penetration depth, small processing capacity, and difficulty in achieving continuous production. All of these methods are difficult to efficiently match and deeply couple with the bioleaching process. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems in related technologies, this utility model provides a bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation, which can solve the above problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A bioleaching coupling system based on plasma-activated mineral pretreatment includes: A gas-solid fluidized bed reactor is provided, wherein multiple sets of gas injection nozzles are uniformly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor, the gas injection nozzles are connected to an air compressor unit through an air inlet pipe, a powder distribution sensor is arranged inside the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor, a plasma injection device is installed on the side wall of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor, the high-voltage electrode of the plasma injection device extends into the inner cavity of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor, a water bath jacket is provided outside the cylinder of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor, and a spray device is installed on the top of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor. A ball mill, wherein the ball mill outlet is connected to the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor inlet of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor via an elevator or a screw conveyor. A bioleaching reactor, wherein the bioleaching reactor inlet is connected to the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor outlet via a material conveying device, the bioleaching reactor is a stirred reactor, and the bioleaching reactor includes a tank, a stirring system and an aeration system. The gas injection nozzle, the powder distribution sensor, the air compressor unit, the plasma injection device, the water bath jacket, the spraying device, the material conveying device, the stirring system, and the aeration system are all electrically connected to the controller; The controller is an industrial programmable logic controller or an embedded industrial controller. The controller has built-in or external analog input modules, digital input modules, analog output modules and digital output modules. The controller has preset temperature setpoints, plasma power setpoints and spray rate setpoints.

[0005] Furthermore, the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor has a cylindrical metal tower structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the gas injection nozzle is equipped with an angle adjustment mechanism and an opening control valve.

[0007] Furthermore, there are multiple powder distribution sensors arranged at different heights inside the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor. The controller receives the fluidization state signal fed back by each powder distribution sensor and outputs a control signal to the opening control valve and / or angle adjustment mechanism of the corresponding gas injection nozzle according to the signal. The powder distribution sensor is a sensor based on capacitance tomography or acoustic emission detection.

[0008] Furthermore, the plasma injection device is selected from dielectric barrier discharge plasma generators or radio frequency plasma generators.

[0009] Furthermore, an electric heating element and a cooling coil are arranged inside the water bath jacket, and a temperature sensor is installed inside the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor or the water bath jacket. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller outputs a control signal to the control valve of the electric heating element and / or the cooling coil based on the signal fed back by the temperature sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, the material conveying device is a corrosion-resistant screw conveyor.

[0011] Furthermore, the stirring system includes a motor and a stirring paddle located inside the tank, and the aeration system includes an aeration ring located at the bottom of the tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the controller is electrically connected to the power module of the plasma injection device and outputs a power control signal to the power module; the controller is also electrically connected to the metering pump of the spray device and outputs a frequency control signal to the metering pump.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: (1) The gas-solid fluidized bed plasma activation pretreatment and bioleaching process are coupled into the same continuous production system. The system is compact and can realize continuous feeding, pretreatment and leaching of mineral powder, which significantly improves production efficiency and is suitable for large-scale application.

[0014] (2) By setting up a multi-angle adjustable gas injection nozzle in the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor with a controller to coordinate control, it is possible to ensure the uniform fluidization of powder, avoid powder agglomeration and channeling, and make the plasma energy injection and chemical spraying more uniform, thereby effectively changing the occurrence state of valuable metals in minerals from the residue state to the leaching state.

[0015] (3) The synergistic effect of plasma activation and auxiliary chemicals enables the directional deconstruction and surface activation of minerals under mild conditions, which greatly improves the leaching efficiency of valuable metals in subsequent bioleaching processes and overcomes the technical bottleneck of low leaching efficiency in conventional bioleaching.

[0016] (4) The overall operating temperature of the system is low, no high-temperature calcination is required, energy saving and environmental protection are achieved, and the generation of harmful flue gas and waste residue is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation, as described in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Ball mill; 2. Gas-solid fluidized bed reactor; 3. Inlet pipe; 4. Gas injection nozzle; 5. Controller; 6. Powder distribution sensor; 7. Air compressor unit; 8. Plasma injection device; 9. Water bath jacket; 10. Spraying device; 11. Inlet of gas-solid fluidized bed reactor; 12. Outlet of gas-solid fluidized bed reactor; 13. Material conveying device; 14. Inlet of bioleaching reactor; 15. Bioleaching reactor; 16. Stirring system; 17. Aeration ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this application discloses a bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation, which mainly includes a ball mill 1, a gas-solid fluidized bed reactor 2, and a bioleaching reactor 15.

[0022] In one specific embodiment of this application, the ball mill 1 is used to wet-mill or dry-mill the raw ore into powder with an average particle size of 50-200 μm, and its discharge port is connected to the feed port 11 of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor through an elevator or screw conveyor.

[0023] In one specific embodiment of this application, the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor 2 is a cylindrical metal tower structure. Multiple sets of gas injection nozzles 4 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the reactor 2. Each gas injection nozzle 4 is connected to an air compressor unit 7 via an inlet pipe 3. Each gas injection nozzle 4 is connected to an angle adjustment mechanism and an opening control valve, allowing independent adjustment of the injection direction and gas flow rate. These angle adjustment mechanisms and opening control valves are all electrically connected to an externally located controller 5.

[0024] In one specific embodiment of this application, powder distribution sensors 6, such as those based on capacitance tomography or acoustic emission detection, are installed at different heights inside the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor 2 to detect the fluidization state and concentration distribution of the powder in real time. The output signal of the powder distribution sensor 6 is transmitted to the controller 5. The controller 5 is an industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) or an embedded industrial controller, and has built-in or external analog input modules, digital input modules, analog output modules, and digital output modules. Based on the fluidization state signal fed back by the powder distribution sensor 6, the controller 5 outputs control signals to the opening control valve and / or angle adjustment mechanism of the corresponding gas injection nozzle 4 to adjust the gas flow rate and / or injection angle of the nozzle.

[0025] In one specific embodiment of this application, a plasma injection device 8 is installed on the side wall of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor 2. This device employs a dielectric barrier discharge plasma generator, whose high-voltage electrode extends into the interior of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor 2. During the powder fluidization process, plasma energy is continuously injected into the powder, generating active free radicals, electrons, and excited-state species to activate and pre-deconstruct the mineral lattice. A radio frequency plasma generator can also be used. A plasma power setting value is preset in the controller 5. The controller 5 is electrically connected to the power module of the plasma injection device 8 and outputs a power control signal to the power module to adjust the plasma injection energy.

[0026] In a specific embodiment of this application, to control the temperature of the pretreatment process, a water bath jacket 9 is provided outside the cylinder of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor 2. The water bath jacket 9 contains an electric heating element and a cooling coil, forming a temperature control and cooling device that can precisely control the temperature inside the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor 2 within a preset range of 20–90°C. A temperature sensor is installed inside the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor 2 or the water bath jacket 9, and this temperature sensor is electrically connected to a controller 5. The controller 5 has a preset temperature setpoint. Based on the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor, the controller 5 outputs a control signal to the control valve of the electric heating element and / or the cooling coil to start heating or introduce a cooling medium. A spray device 10 is installed at the top of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor 2 for spraying auxiliary chemical solutions, such as sulfates, leaching aids, or oxidants, onto the fluidized powder to enhance the plasma activation effect. The controller 5 has a preset spray rate setpoint. The controller 5 is electrically connected to the metering pump of the spray device 10 and outputs a frequency control signal to the metering pump to adjust the spray volume of the auxiliary chemicals.

[0027] In one specific embodiment of this application, the pretreated mineral powder is continuously discharged from the outlet 12 of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor and transported to the inlet 14 of the bioleaching reactor via a material conveying device 13 (such as a corrosion-resistant screw conveyor). The bioleaching reactor 15 is a stirred reactor, including a tank, a stirring system 16, and an aeration system. The stirring system 16 consists of a motor and a stirring paddle; the aeration system includes an aeration ring 17 located at the bottom of the tank, which is connected to a sterile air source through a pipe to introduce air into the leaching slurry to meet the metabolic needs of microorganisms. The bioleaching reactor 15 contains domesticated leaching bacteria such as *Thiobacillus ferrooxidans*, which bioleach the pretreated mineral powder under acidic conditions, releasing valuable metals from the mineral powder into the liquid phase.

[0028] In operation, the raw ore is first ground in a ball mill 1 and then continuously fed into a gas-solid fluidized bed reactor 2. A uniform fluidized bed is formed under the action of multi-angle gas injection nozzles 4, which are controlled in real time by a controller 5. A plasma injection device 8 and a spraying device 10 work together to activate the mineral lattice at a relatively low temperature. The activated ore powder then continuously enters a bioleaching reactor 15 for efficient leaching. The entire process is continuous and automated, with good pretreatment results and significantly improved bioleaching efficiency compared to traditional processes.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A bioleaching coupling system based on plasma-activated mineral pretreatment, characterized in that, include: A gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2) has multiple sets of gas injection nozzles (4) evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2). The gas injection nozzles (4) are connected to an air compressor unit (7) through an air inlet pipe (3). A powder distribution sensor (6) is arranged inside the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2). A plasma injection device (8) is installed on the side wall of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2). The high-voltage electrode of the plasma injection device (8) extends into the inner cavity of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2). A water bath jacket (9) is provided outside the cylinder of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2). A spray device (10) is installed on the top of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2). The ball mill (1) has its discharge port connected to the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor inlet (11) of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2) via an elevator or screw conveyor. The bioleaching reactor (15) has a bioleaching reactor inlet (14) connected to the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor outlet (12) of the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2) via a material conveying device (13). The bioleaching reactor (15) is a stirred reactor and includes a tank, a stirring system (16), and an aeration system. The gas injection nozzle (4), the powder distribution sensor (6), the air compressor unit (7), the plasma injection device (8), the water bath jacket (9), the spray device (10), the material conveying device (13), the stirring system (16), and the aeration system are all electrically connected to the controller (5). The controller (5) is an industrial programmable logic controller or an embedded industrial controller. The controller (5) has built-in or external analog input modules, digital input modules, analog output modules and digital output modules. The controller (5) has preset temperature setting values, plasma power setting values ​​and spray rate setting values.

2. The bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2) has a cylindrical metal tower structure.

3. The bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas injection nozzle (4) is equipped with an angle adjustment mechanism and an opening control valve.

4. The bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of powder distribution sensors (6) is multiple and they are arranged at different height positions inside the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2). The controller (5) receives the fluidization state signal fed back by each powder distribution sensor (6) and outputs a control signal to the opening control valve and / or angle adjustment mechanism of the corresponding gas injection nozzle (4) according to the signal. The powder distribution sensor (6) is a sensor based on capacitance tomography or acoustic emission detection.

5. The bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasma injection device (8) is selected from a dielectric barrier discharge plasma generator or a radio frequency plasma generator.

6. The bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water bath jacket (9) is equipped with an electric heating element and a cooling coil. A temperature sensor is installed in the gas-solid fluidized bed reactor (2) or the water bath jacket (9). The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller (5). The controller (5) outputs a control signal to the control valve of the electric heating element and / or the cooling coil based on the signal fed back by the temperature sensor.

7. The bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material conveying device (13) is a corrosion-resistant screw conveyor.

8. The bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring system (16) includes a motor and a stirring paddle located inside the tank, and the aeration system includes an aeration ring (17) located at the bottom of the tank.

9. A bioleaching coupling system for mineral pretreatment based on plasma activation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (5) is electrically connected to the power module of the plasma injection device (8) and outputs a power control signal to the power module; the controller (5) is electrically connected to the metering pump of the spray device (10) and outputs a frequency control signal to the metering pump.

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