A protective structure based on geomembrane

Abstract

This utility model proposes a geomembrane protective structure, relating to the field of dam protection technology. Installed on an earth-rock dam, the structure includes a flood control wall and a diversion wall, which together form a diversion channel. Two tire walls, constructed from buried waste tires, are fixedly embedded on the back slope of the earth-rock dam, forming a flood discharge channel between them. Support plates are connected to the tire walls, and geomembrane rolls are attached to the outer sides of the support plates. The geomembrane rolls are rotated and unfolded towards the center of the flood discharge channel, and a sealing treatment is applied at the joint between the two geomembranes. Finally, a pressure-holding component is installed on top of the geomembrane. In this design, the core components are pre-installed, eliminating the need for complex on-site pouring processes, significantly shortening the preparation time from flood warning to flood discharge readiness, and avoiding problems such as dam breaches due to untimely emergency response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of dam protection technology, and in particular to a protective structure based on geomembrane. Background Technology

[0002] Stone dams, as the most widely used water-retaining structures in water conservancy projects, play a crucial role in flood control, water supply, and irrigation due to their advantages such as convenient material sourcing, low construction difficulty, and strong terrain adaptability. However, the main body of the dam is composed of earth and rock fill, which has poor seepage resistance and is prone to water seepage leading to dam collapse. When extreme weather causes floods exceeding standard levels, the floodwaters can easily overflow the dam crest, eroding the downstream slope of the dam and causing slope instability and landslides.

[0003] To address this issue, the existing traditional solution involves building retaining walls with sandbags to create temporary protection. However, this relies on manual labor for sandbag stacking and other methods, limiting the daily scope of protection work. For some earth-rock dams with long back slopes, it is impossible to achieve full protection coverage before a flood overflows the top in a short period of time. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, this invention proposes a protective structure based on a geomembrane.

[0005] The technical solution to the technical problem solved by this utility model is as follows: This utility model proposes a protective structure based on geomembrane, installed on an earth-rock dam. The protective structure includes a flood control wall and a diversion wall fixed to the top of the earth-rock dam, which together form a diversion channel; two tire walls made of waste tires, which are fixedly embedded on the back slope of the earth-rock dam, forming a flood discharge channel connected to the diversion channel between the two tire walls; detachable support plates are connected to the two tire walls, and rotatable geomembrane rolls are connected to the outside of the support plates; the two geomembrane rolls are rotated and unfolded towards the center of the flood discharge channel, and a sealing treatment is applied at the joint of the two geomembranes; a holding component for holding the top surface of the two geomembranes is detachably attached to the top surface of the flood discharge channel.

[0006] Preferably, the support plate is connected to ear plates on both the front and rear sides, and a rotating shaft is connected between the ear plates, on which the geomembrane roll is wound.

[0007] Preferably, one of the ear plates is connected to a drive motor, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the rotating shaft for transmission.

[0008] Preferably, the ear plate away from the drive motor is detachably connected to the support plate.

[0009] Preferably, baffles are fixed on both sides of the waste tire, and concrete is poured between the waste tire and the two baffles and buried on the back slope.

[0010] Preferably, a first threaded cylinder is embedded in the top of the waste tire, and the support plate has several sets of through holes and at least two sets of first bolts. The first bolts pass through the through holes and are threadedly connected to the first threaded cylinder to fix the support plate to the tire wall.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes an elevated plate, the inner side of which is connected to at least two sets of connecting plates. The connecting plates are provided with a first through hole and a second bolt. The second bolt passes through the first through hole and is threadedly connected to the first threaded cylinder. The geomembrane is laid tightly against the top of the elevated plate in the flood discharge channel.

[0012] Preferably, the areas of the support plate, ear plate, and raised plate that come into contact with the geomembrane are rounded.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure holding assembly includes a pressure plate with several sets of second through holes, and several sets of second threaded cylinders are embedded in the top of the flood discharge channel; it also includes a third bolt, which passes through the second through holes and is threadedly connected to the second threaded cylinders.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure plate has a trapezoidal structure.

[0015] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, flood control walls and diversion walls are pre-constructed to form a diversion channel, and a tire wall is constructed on the back slope to form a flood discharge channel inside, with a geomembrane laid inside the flood discharge channel. The core components of this design are all pre-installed, eliminating the need for complex on-site pouring processes, which can significantly shorten the preparation time from flood warning to flood discharge readiness, avoiding problems such as dam failure due to untimely emergency response.

[0016] 2. In this utility model, the tire wall formed by waste tires solves the problem of waste tire disposal and utilizes the wear resistance and impact resistance of tires to enhance the structural stability of the flood discharge channel. The support plates connected to the tire wall can protect the geomembrane rolls from aging, cracking, and rainwater soaking caused by sun exposure, rain, wind and sand erosion.

[0017] 3. In this utility model, a detachable support plate is connected above the support plate. The overall height of the tire wall is raised by the support plate, so that the flood discharge channel can accommodate a larger flow, prevent flood from overflowing from the top of the tire wall 6, and ensure that the flood discharge path is completely controlled. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the geomembrane laid in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the geomembrane used to lay the protective structure in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protective structure of this utility model without the geomembrane.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional mechanism with a raised platform in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the utility model with the raised platform.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Earth-rock dam; 2. Flood control wall; 3. Flood control board; 4. Diversion wall; 5. Diversion channel; 6. Tire wall; 7. Flood discharge channel; 8. Support plate; 9. Geomembrane; 10. Ear plate; 11. Rotating shaft; 12. Drive motor; 13. Baffle; 14. First threaded cylinder; 15. Perforation; 16. First bolt; 17. Elevation plate; 18. Connecting plate; 19. First through hole; 20. Second bolt; 21. Pressure plate; 22. Second threaded cylinder; 23. Third bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0026] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] like Figure 1 or Figure 5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a geomembrane-based protective structure, which is installed on an earth-rock dam 1 to prevent dam breaches and collapses due to insufficient or improper emergency response when floodwaters overflow the top of the earth-rock dam 1. The protective structure includes a flood control wall 2 and a diversion wall 4 fixed to the top of the earth-rock dam 1. The flood control wall 2 has a flood control opening inside, and a flood control plate 3 is detachably connected to the flood control opening. When it is expected that floodwaters will overflow the top of the earth-rock dam 1, the flood control plate 3 can be removed in advance so that the floodwaters overflowing the top of the earth-rock dam 1 can enter the diversion channel 5 and be discharged along the diversion channel 5.

[0029] Several sets of waste tires are fixedly buried on the back slope of the earth-rock dam 1, forming two tire walls 6. A flood discharge channel 7 is formed between the two tire walls 6, which is connected to the diversion channel 5, so that floodwaters overflowing the top of the earth-rock dam 1 can be discharged through the diversion channel 5 and the flood discharge channel 7. Support plates 8 are detachably connected to the two tire walls 6. Rotatable geomembrane rolls 9 are connected to the outer side of the support plates 8. By rotating and unfolding the geomembrane rolls 9, they can be laid to the center of the flood discharge channel 7, sealing the two overlapping geomembranes 9 at the center. This sealing can be achieved by heat fusion sealing, tape sealing, or adhesive sealing. A pressure-holding component is installed on the top surface of the flood discharge channel 7 to hold the top surfaces of the two geomembranes 9, preventing floodwaters from flowing between the geomembrane 9 and the back slope.

[0030] In the specific implementation process, the protective structure is pre-installed on the earth-rock dam 1. When the monitored water level approaches the top of the earth-rock dam 1, personnel are organized to remove the flood control board 3 to reserve an entrance for floodwater to enter the diversion channel 5. At the same time, personnel are arranged to operate the geomembrane 9 roll on the outside of the tire wall 6. By pulling the outside of the geomembrane 9 roll, the rotating shaft 11 is rotated to unfold the geomembrane 9 until it is laid to the center of the flood discharge channel 7. At the same time, the overlapping position of the geomembrane 9 on both sides is sealed. After the geomembrane 9 is sealed, the pressure holding component is pressed on the top of the two geomembranes 9 to block the possibility of floodwater seeping into the gap between the geomembrane 9 and the back slope, ensuring that the floodwater flows only along the surface of the geomembrane 9.

[0031] When the flood overflows the top of the earth-rock dam 1, it enters the diversion channel 5 through the opened flood control outlet, and then flows into the flood discharge channel 7 on the back slope through the diversion channel 5. Under the constraint and guidance of the flood discharge channel 7, the flood flows along the surface of the geomembrane 9 and is finally discharged to the safe area downstream of the dam body, avoiding direct scouring of the back slope of the earth-rock dam 1.

[0032] After the flood recedes, first remove the pressure-holding components on the top surface of the flood discharge channel 7, separate the overlapping and sealed joints of the two geomembranes 9, and then roll up the geomembrane 9 in the opposite direction. At this time, the geomembrane 9 is located below the support plate 8, forming a natural protective canopy with the help of the support plate 8, which can prevent the geomembrane 9 from aging, cracking, and being soaked by rainwater due to sun exposure, rain, wind and sand erosion.

[0033] Based on the principles of green environmental protection and sustainable development, this design addresses the issue of waste tire disposal, utilizing the wear-resistant and impact-resistant properties of tires to enhance the structural stability of the flood discharge channel 7. Furthermore, all core components are pre-installed, eliminating the need for complex on-site pouring processes. This significantly shortens the preparation time from flood warning to flood discharge readiness, preventing problems such as dam failure due to untimely emergency response.

[0034] Furthermore, the dual-channel design of the top diversion channel 5 and the back slope flood discharge channel 7 forces the floodwater overflowing the top to be guided to the fixed shoulder, preventing the floodwater from flowing freely on the back slope. This effectively prevents problems such as flood erosion and seepage on the back slope of the earth-rock dam 1, fundamentally reducing the risk of dam failure caused by improper emergency repairs. Combined with the seepage prevention measures of the geomembrane 9 and the pressure-holding components, the geomembrane 9's own seepage prevention properties can isolate the floodwater from the back slope soil. The pressure-holding components can also prevent floodwater from seeping in from the top edge or joints of the geomembrane 9, avoiding dam collapse caused by floodwater entering between the geomembrane 9 and the back slope, further ensuring the structural stability of the earth-rock dam 1.

[0035] In some embodiments, ear plates 10 are connected to the front and rear sides of the support plate 8, and a rotatable shaft 11 is connected between the two ear plates 10. The aforementioned geomembrane 9 roll is wound on the shaft. The ear plates 10 serve as support points for the shaft 11, allowing the shaft 11 to rotate and lay the geomembrane 9 roll into the flood discharge channel 7.

[0036] Furthermore, a drive motor 12 is fixedly installed on one of the ear plates 10. The output shaft of the drive motor 12 is connected to the rotating shaft 11, and the rotating shaft 11 can be directly driven to rotate by the power of the drive motor 12. In the traditional process of laying geomembrane 9, the geomembrane roll 9 needs to be manually pulled into the flood discharge channel 7. During the operation, it is necessary to continuously overcome the rotational resistance of the geomembrane roll 9 and the friction of the ground. Not only is pulling difficult, but uneven tension can also cause wrinkles in the membrane. However, this design provides auxiliary power through the drive motor 12, which can directly drive the rotating shaft 11 to actively rotate and unfold the membrane roll. This greatly reduces the pulling force required by manual labor, which not only reduces the physical load on the operators, but also ensures the flatness of the geomembrane 9 and avoids membrane damage or laying deviation caused by manual pulling.

[0037] In some embodiments, baffles 13 are fixed to both sides of the waste tire, and the two baffles 13 are fixed together by tie bolts. Concrete is poured between the waste tire and the two baffles 13, and the whole structure is buried on the back slope to form the aforementioned tire wall 6. The design of using waste tires to construct the flood discharge channel 7 can solve the problem of solid waste pollution and conform to green engineering. The waste tire itself has excellent elasticity and toughness, and can absorb the impact energy of flood through its own deformation, avoiding cracking and collapse of the arched wall due to direct stress. At the same time, its own properties can also achieve anti-aging and water-repellent characteristics. On the other hand, the waste tire is an intermediate structure. When buried on the back slope, concrete slurry can be filled into the interior to increase the weight of the tire and make the bond with the earth-rock dam 1 tighter, which can effectively prevent the tire wall 6 from shifting due to flood erosion.

[0038] Furthermore, during the concrete pouring process, a first threaded cylinder 14 is embedded on the top of the waste tire. Several sets of through holes 15 are opened on the support plate 8, and at least two sets of first bolts 16 are also included. The first bolts 16 pass through the through holes 15 and are threadedly connected to the first threaded cylinder 14, which can fix the support plate 8 on the tire wall 6, so as to realize the assembly and positioning of the support plate 8 and the geomembrane 9 roll on the outside of the support plate 8.

[0039] refer to Figures 4 to 5In some embodiments, the system also includes a raised platform 17, with at least two sets of connecting plates 18 connected to the inner side of the raised platform 17. The connecting plates 18 have a first through hole 19. A second bolt 20 is also included, which passes through the first through hole 19 and the through hole 15 and is threadedly connected to the first threaded cylinder 14 to assemble the raised platform 17. After assembling the raised platform 17, the geomembrane 9 can be laid tightly against the top of the raised platform 17 within the flood discharge channel 7 during installation. Since the foundation height of the tire wall 6 is determined by the burial height of the tires, its height can only correspond to small to medium-sized floods within it. When encountering larger floods, the raised platform 17 can be used to raise the overall height of the tire wall 6, allowing the flood discharge channel 7 to accommodate a larger flow, preventing floodwater from overflowing from the top of the tire wall 6, and ensuring that the flood discharge path is completely controlled.

[0040] Among them, the supporting plate 8, ear plate 10 and the raised plate 17 mentioned above all have rounded corners in the areas that come into contact with the geomembrane 9 to reduce the corners and thus avoid damage to the geomembrane 9 during the laying process.

[0041] In some embodiments, the pressure holding assembly includes a pressure plate 21 with a plurality of second through holes, and a plurality of second threaded cylinders 22 are embedded in the top of the flood discharge channel 7. It also includes a third bolt 23, which passes through the second through holes and is threadedly connected to the second threaded cylinders 22, thereby enabling the pressure plate 21 to be detachable. Furthermore, the pressure plate 21 has a trapezoidal structure.

[0042] The design of the pressure plate 21 can prevent floodwater from flowing between the geomembrane 9 and the back slope, thereby completely isolating the gap between the geomembrane 9 and the back slope. On the other hand, the pressure plate 21 can form a fixed anchor point for the geomembrane 9, thereby preventing the geomembrane 9 from shifting during scouring.

[0043] Although the specific embodiments of the utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. Based on the technical solution of the utility model, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort are still within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A protective structure based on a geomembrane, installed on an earth-rock dam (1), characterized in that, The protective structure includes: The flood control wall (2) and the diversion wall (4) are fixed on the top of the earth-rock dam (1), and the internal structure of the flood control wall (2) and the diversion wall (4) together forms a diversion channel (5). Two tire walls (6) are formed by burying waste tires. The tire walls (6) are fixedly buried on the back slope of the earth-rock dam (1). A flood discharge channel (7) is formed between the two tire walls (6) and connected to the diversion channel (5). Support plates (8) are detachably connected to the two tire walls (6). Rotatable geomembrane (9) rolls are connected to the outside of the support plates (8). The two geomembrane (9) rolls are rotated and unfolded towards the center of the flood discharge channel (7) and sealed at the joint of the two geomembranes (9). The pressing assembly used to press the top surface of the two geomembranes (9) is detachable from the top surface of the flood discharge channel (7).

2. The protective structure based on a geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support plate (8) is connected to ear plates (10) on both the front and rear sides, and a rotating shaft (11) is connected between the ear plates (10). The geomembrane (9) is wound on the rotating shaft (11).

3. A protective structure based on a geomembrane according to claim 2, characterized in that, One of the ear plates (10) is connected to a drive motor (12), and the output shaft of the drive motor (12) is connected to the rotating shaft (11) for transmission.

4. A protective structure based on a geomembrane according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ear plate (10) away from the drive motor (12) is detachably connected to the support plate (8).

5. A protective structure based on a geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste tire is fixed with baffles (13) on both sides. Concrete is poured between the waste tire and the two baffles (13) and buried on the back slope.

6. A protective structure based on a geomembrane according to claim 5, characterized in that, The waste tire is embedded with a first threaded cylinder (14) on top. The support plate (8) has several sets of through holes (15) and at least two sets of first bolts (16). The first bolts (16) pass through the through holes (15) and are threadedly connected to the first threaded cylinder (14) to fix the support plate (8) to the tire wall (6).

7. A protective structure based on a geomembrane according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes an elevated plate (17), on the inner side of which at least two sets of connecting plates (18) are connected. The connecting plates (18) have a first through hole (19) and a second bolt (20). The second bolt (20) passes through the first through hole (19) and the through hole (15) and is threadedly connected to the first threaded cylinder (14). The geomembrane (9) is laid close to the top of the elevated plate (17) in the flood discharge channel (7).

8. A protective structure based on a geomembrane according to claim 7, characterized in that, The areas of the support plate (8), ear plate (10) and the raised plate (17) that come into contact with the geomembrane (9) are all rounded.

9. A protective structure based on a geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure holding assembly includes a pressure plate (21), on which several sets of second through holes are opened, and several sets of second threaded cylinders (22) are embedded at the top of the flood discharge channel (7); it also includes a third bolt (23), which passes through the second through hole and is threadedly connected to the second threaded cylinder (22).

10. A protective structure based on a geomembrane according to claim 9, characterized in that, The pressure plate (21) has a trapezoidal structure.

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