A ventilation structure for an underground cable tunnel

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of cable duct technology, specifically to a ventilation structure for an underground cable duct, including exhaust pipes and inlet pipes respectively located on both sides of the duct. The bottom surface of the inlet pipe has several outlets evenly distributed along its extension direction, and the upper side of the exhaust pipe has several suction ports evenly distributed along its extension direction. Several ventilation shafts are arranged between the duct and the ground, in two rows. Pipes are installed inside the ventilation shafts, with the bottom ends of the pipes connected to the exhaust pipes and inlet pipes respectively. The two rows of ventilation shafts are staggered. The top of each ventilation shaft in the exhaust pipe has a passive exhaust structure, and the top of each ventilation shaft in the inlet pipe has a switching inlet structure. This application utilizes sunlight to heat the exhaust location, using the natural principle of rising hot air to create a natural negative pressure at the exhaust outlet, thereby generating airflow. Ventilation can be achieved without external energy, and photovoltaic power generation combined with an energy storage station is used to power the fans, making it energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cable tunnel technology, specifically to a ventilation structure for an underground cable tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] Due to urbanization and industrialization, electricity demand has grown rapidly. However, most environments are not suitable for open-air cable laying. High-voltage towers are difficult to install in many situations due to their own construction and land requirements for the safety of high-voltage cables. Therefore, underground utility tunnels are needed to deploy high-voltage cables for power transmission. However, when power cables transmit electricity, they generate significant heat due to conductor resistance. While high-altitude cables can be cooled by airflow, natural convection cannot occur in utility tunnels, so heat cannot be dissipated through airflow. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, the internal temperature of the utility tunnel will continue to rise, causing the cable insulation layer to be in an overheated state for a long time, accelerating its aging, and ultimately increasing the risk of cable breakdown, short circuits, and fires. In addition, underground facilities are prone to the accumulation of carbon dioxide gas, and the lack of good ventilation also poses certain safety risks to personnel during maintenance and inspection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a reasonably designed ventilation structure for underground cable tunnels, which can solve the above-mentioned defects and deficiencies of the existing technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: it includes exhaust pipes and inlet pipes respectively located on both sides of the pipe gallery. The bottom surface of the inlet pipe is evenly provided with several air outlets along the extension direction, and the upper side of the exhaust pipe is evenly provided with several air inlets along the extension direction. Several ventilation shafts are provided between the pipe gallery and the ground. There are two rows of ventilation shafts. Pipes are installed in the ventilation shafts. The bottom ends of the pipes are respectively connected to the exhaust pipes and the inlet pipes, and the two rows of ventilation shafts are staggered. The top of the ventilation shaft of the exhaust pipe is provided with a passive exhaust structure, and the top of the ventilation shaft of the inlet pipe is provided with a switching air intake structure.

[0005] Preferably, the passive exhaust structure includes an inverted cone-shaped exhaust port located at the top of the ventilation shaft, a horn-shaped heat-absorbing cover located on the outside of the exhaust port facing downwards, and a sealed chamber formed between the bottom of the heat-absorbing cover and the exhaust port by a heat insulation plate, the chamber being filled with a heat-conducting medium.

[0006] Preferably, the switching air intake structure includes an air intake component connected to the top of the ventilation shaft. The air intake component has openings at both ends, with one end connected to an electric air valve and the other end connected to a fan located on the ground via a pipe.

[0007] Preferably, an energy storage station and multiple sets of photovoltaic panels are also provided in the gaps between the ventilation shafts, and the fans are all electrically connected to the energy storage station.

[0008] Preferably, the surfaces of the exhaust vent and the heat-absorbing cover are coated with a heat-absorbing coating.

[0009] Preferably, the pipes connected to the ventilation shaft on the exhaust pipe are provided with heat-insulating sleeves between themselves and the inner wall of the ventilation shaft.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model after adopting the above structure are: 1. This application utilizes sunlight to heat the exhaust location. By taking advantage of the natural principle of rising hot air, a natural negative pressure is created at the exhaust vent, thereby generating airflow. Ventilation can be achieved without external energy, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0011] 2. This application uses photovoltaic power generation combined with an energy storage station to supply the wind turbine. The wind turbine is used to achieve ventilation during periods without sunlight, and an electric air valve is used to switch the air path. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model on the side of the exhaust pipe; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model on the side of the air inlet pipe; Figure 3 This is a top view of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe in this utility model; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A in the middle; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the passive ventilation structure in this utility model.

[0013] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Pipe gallery; 2. Exhaust duct; 3. Inlet duct; 4. Ventilation shaft; 5. Insulation sleeve; 6. Exhaust outlet; 7. Heat absorption cover; 8. Insulation board; 9. Air intake; 10. Air outlet; 11. Air intake component; 12. Electric air valve; 13. Fan; 14. Photovoltaic panel; 15. Energy storage station. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0015] See Figures 1-6As shown, the system includes exhaust pipes 2 and inlet pipes 3 located on both sides of the pipe gallery 1. The bottom surface of the inlet pipe 3 is evenly provided with several air outlets 10 along the extension direction, and the upper side of the exhaust pipe 2 is evenly provided with several air inlets 9 along the extension direction. Several ventilation shafts 4 are provided between the pipe gallery 1 and the ground. There are two rows of ventilation shafts 4. Pipes are installed inside the ventilation shafts 4, and the bottom ends of the pipes are connected to the exhaust pipes 2 and the inlet pipes 3 respectively. The two rows of ventilation shafts 4 are staggered. The top of the ventilation shafts 4 of the exhaust pipes 2 is provided with a passive exhaust structure, and the top of the ventilation shafts 4 of the inlet pipes 3 is provided with a switching air intake structure. The passive exhaust structure includes an inverted cone-shaped exhaust port 6 located at the top of the ventilation shaft 4. A funnel-shaped heat absorption hood 7 is provided on the outside of the exhaust port 6 facing downward. A sealed chamber is formed between the bottom side of the heat absorption hood 7 and the exhaust port 6 by a heat insulation plate 8. The chamber is filled with a heat-conducting medium to ensure uniform heat distribution. The switching air intake structure includes an air intake component 11 connected to the top of the ventilation shaft 4. The air intake component 11 has openings at both ends. One end is connected to an electric air valve 12, and the other end is connected to a fan 13 located on the ground through a pipe. In the gap between the ventilation shafts 4, there is also an energy storage station 15 and multiple photovoltaic panels 14. The fans 13 are all electrically connected to the energy storage station 15. When there is sunlight, the photovoltaic panels 14 generate electricity. The energy storage station 15 transforms the electricity and stores it for use by the fans 13 and other external electrical appliances. Both the exhaust vent 6 and the heat absorption cover 7 are coated with a heat-absorbing coating to enhance the absorption of sunlight; The pipes connected to the ventilation shaft 4 on the exhaust pipe 2 are all equipped with heat insulation sleeves 5 between themselves and the inner wall of the ventilation shaft 4 to reduce the conduction of heat to the ventilation pipe; A temperature sensor is installed inside the pipe gallery 1 and connected to an external controller to form a temperature-sensitive switch. A sunlight sensor is also installed. When there is sunlight, the electric air valve 12 opens. The sunlight causes the surface of the exhaust port 6 and the heat absorption cover 7 to heat up, heating the air above. The heated air rises, creating a negative pressure at the exhaust port 6. Under the pressure, the gas is drawn into the air inlet pipe 3 from the electric air valve 12 and then into the pipe gallery 1, achieving natural air circulation. Moreover, the gas enters and exits from different positions through the air inlet 9 and the air outlet 10, which can prevent local airflow dead zones. At the same time, as the gas flows over the exhaust port 6, it also carries away some of its surface heat energy, preventing heat from being conducted downwards into the exhaust pipe 2. When the temperature exceeds the threshold or sunlight disappears, the fan 13 is activated and the electric air valve 12 is closed, creating positive pressure in the duct and exhausting air from the exhaust pipe 2 to form an air circulation.

[0016] The installation, connection, or setting methods of the components not detailed above are all common mechanical methods, and the specific structure, model, and coefficient indicators of all their components are their own technologies. As long as they can achieve their beneficial effects, they can be implemented, so they will not be elaborated further.

[0017] It should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments of this utility model are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A ventilation structure for an underground cable tunnel, characterized in that: It includes exhaust pipes (2) and inlet pipes (3) located on both sides of the pipe gallery (1). The bottom surface of the inlet pipe (3) is evenly provided with several air outlets (10) along the extension direction. The upper side of the exhaust pipe (2) is evenly provided with several air inlets (9) along the extension direction. Several ventilation shafts (4) are provided between the pipe gallery (1) and the ground. There are two rows of ventilation shafts (4). Pipes are installed in the ventilation shafts (4). The bottom ends of the pipes are connected to the exhaust pipes (2) and the inlet pipes (3) respectively. The two rows of ventilation shafts (4) are staggered. The top of the ventilation shafts (4) of the exhaust pipes (2) is provided with a passive exhaust structure. The top of the ventilation shafts (4) of the inlet pipes (3) is provided with a switching air intake structure.

2. The ventilation structure of an underground cable tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive exhaust structure includes an inverted cone-shaped exhaust port (6) located at the top of the ventilation shaft (4). A horn-shaped heat absorption hood (7) is provided on the outside of the exhaust port (6) facing downward. A sealed chamber is formed between the bottom side of the heat absorption hood (7) and the exhaust port (6) by a heat insulation plate (8), and the chamber is filled with a heat-conducting medium.

3. The ventilation structure of an underground cable tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switching air intake structure includes an air intake component (11) connected to the top of the ventilation shaft (4). The air intake component (11) has openings at both ends. One end is connected to an electric air valve (12), and the other end is connected to a fan (13) located on the ground through a pipe.

4. The ventilation structure of an underground cable tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the gap between the ventilation shafts (4), there is also an energy storage station (15) and multiple sets of photovoltaic panels (14), and the fans (13) are all electrically connected to the energy storage station (15).

5. The ventilation structure of an underground cable tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surfaces of the exhaust vent (6) and the heat absorption cover (7) are both coated with a heat-absorbing coating.

6. The ventilation structure of an underground cable tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (2) is connected to the pipe inside the ventilation shaft (4), and a heat insulation sleeve (5) is provided between the exhaust pipe (2) and the inner wall of the ventilation shaft (4).

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