A pulsed jet nozzle

Abstract

This utility model discloses a pulse jet nozzle, including an upper section and a lower section that are fitted together. The contact surfaces of the upper and lower sections are sealed and abutted together and locked together by an elastic locking element. The upper section serves as the main structure for converting fluid to generate a pulse jet effect and can be pre-installed in the water hole of the drill bit. The lower section, by selecting a second flow channel with different injection angles and inner diameters, enables the selection of the nozzle's liquid ejection direction and flow rate, as well as the amplification or reduction of pulse pressure. This avoids losses caused by repeated transportation and disassembly due to temporary nozzle adjustments. The indexing line is used to select the indexing hole that matches the elastic locking element for directional installation of the lower and upper sections, making the nozzle's injection angle and azimuth angle controllable. This achieves directional injection and precise control of the cooling range, which is beneficial for improving the drill bit's adaptability. At the same time, the detachable assembly method facilitates the reuse of structural components and reduces production costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of drill bit auxiliary mechanisms for oil and gas drilling and mining. More specifically, this utility model relates to a pulse jet nozzle. Background Technology

[0002] The drill nozzle is a key component installed on the drill bit, primarily serving functions such as cleaning the bottom of the well, cooling the drill bit, and assisting in rock breaking. It is made of carbide and is a replaceable nozzle, connected via threads to diamond drill bits and PDC-roller cone hybrid drill bits. Among these, pulse jet nozzles are widely used on PDC drill bits, intermittently injecting drilling fluid during drilling, which can provide a certain speed-up effect while optimizing the pressure distribution of the bottom hole flow field.

[0003] The current pulse nozzle structure lacks directional spraying capability, relying solely on the nozzle's installation orientation on the drill bit to clean a fixed area, which is heavily limited by the drill bit's shape. Furthermore, pulse nozzles are typically fixed structures, with consistent outlet flow rate and pressure for nozzles of the same specification, resulting in limited versatility across different operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pulse jet nozzle to solve the technical problem that existing drilling pulse jet nozzles need to be pre-installed on the drill bit and have fixed outlet injection parameters, which makes them unable to adapt to the injection parameter adjustment requirements under different working conditions.

[0005] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, a pulse jet nozzle is provided, comprising: The upper section has a vertically continuous middle section, and in the continuous direction, a water inlet, a self-excited oscillation chamber, a water outlet, and a groove are connected coaxially in sequence. The diameter of the groove is larger than the diameter of the water outlet. The upper section has a mounting hole that communicates with the groove on the outer side of the groove in the radial direction. The outer wall of the upper section is also provided with an external thread for threaded connection with the drill bit. The lower section is a boss-shaped structure, including a smaller diameter section and a larger diameter section. The size of the smaller diameter section is set to match the groove. The smaller diameter section is embedded upward into the groove and the top of the smaller diameter section is sealed to the bottom of the groove. The outer wall of the smaller diameter section has an indexing hole at the height of the mounting hole. The bottom surface of the larger diameter section has an indexing line along the circumference. The inner side of the lower section has a first flow channel communicating with the water outlet and a second flow channel communicating with the first flow channel. The second flow channel is inclined relative to the first flow channel to change the water outlet direction. The elastic locking element is fixedly installed radially in the aligned mounting holes and indexing holes of the upper section body to securely connect the upper section body and the lower section body.

[0006] Preferably, the diameter of the first flow channel is the same as the diameter of the water outlet.

[0007] Preferably, the height H of the second flow channel is set in the range of 2.5 < H < 10 mm, and the diameter D of the second flow channel is set in the range of 0 < D ≤ 20 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the angle α between the tilt direction of the second flow channel and the central axis of the first flow channel is set within the range of -45°≤α≤45°.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic locking element includes a compression head and a bolt rod segment that is radially threaded into the mounting hole along the lower section. The bolt rod segment has an axial cavity at one end, and an elastic element capable of axial expansion and contraction is connected in the cavity. One end of the compression head abuts in the indexing hole, and the other end extends into the cavity and is connected to the elastic element. When the compression head abuts in the indexing hole, the elastic element is in a compressed state.

[0010] Preferably, the end face of the compression head facing the indexing hole is a hemispherical or arc-shaped surface, and the shape of the indexing hole is configured to match the shape of the end face of the compression head.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic element is one of the following structural forms: a helical spring, a spring sheet, or a specially made disc spring.

[0012] Preferably, the head of the bolt segment is also provided with a disassembly hole, which is one of the following structural forms: cross-shaped, hexagonal, or quincunx-shaped.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting hole has an enlarged step on the side away from the indexing hole, and the head end of the bolt segment abuts against the step surface for limiting.

[0014] Preferably, a sealing groove is provided circumferentially at the top of the smaller diameter section of the lower body, in the outer region of the first flow channel. A sealing element is installed in the sealing groove, and the upper surface of the sealing element abuts against the bottom surface of the groove.

[0015] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: The pulse jet nozzle of this utility model includes an upper section and a lower section that are fitted together. The contact end faces of the upper and lower sections are sealed and abutted together and locked together by an elastic locking element. The upper section, as the main structure for converting fluid to generate a pulse jet effect, can be pre-installed in the water hole of the drill bit. The lower section, by selecting a second flow channel with different spray angles and inner diameters, enables the selection of the nozzle's liquid ejection direction and flow rate, avoiding losses caused by back-and-forth transportation and disassembly due to temporary nozzle adjustments. The fluid outlet flow rate is controlled by the cooperation of the water outlet, the first flow channel, and the second flow channel, achieving the function of amplifying or reducing the pulse pressure. The indexing line is used to select the indexing hole that cooperates with the elastic locking element to achieve directional installation of the lower and upper sections, thereby controlling the nozzle's spray angle and azimuth angle, achieving directional spraying and precise control of the cooling range, which is beneficial to improving the adaptability of the drill bit. At the same time, the detachable assembly method is conducive to the reuse of structural components and reduces production costs.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper section of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the lower section of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower section of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the elastic locking element of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the elastic locking element of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a side view of the disassembly and assembly hole of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the indexing line structure of this utility model.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Upper section body; 2. Lower section body; 3. Elastic locking element; 4. Seal; 11. Water inlet; 12. Self-excited oscillation chamber; 13. External thread; 14. Groove; 15. Mounting hole; 16. Water outlet; 21. Sealing groove; 22. Wedge-shaped outer circle; 23. Indexing hole; 24. First flow channel; 25. Second flow channel; 26. Indexing line; 31. Disassembly / assembly hole; 32. Bolt rod segment; 33. Elastic element; 34. Compression head. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0021] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the pulse jet nozzle of this utility model includes: The upper section 1 has a vertically through-hole in its middle part. In the through-hole direction, a water inlet 11, a self-excited oscillation chamber 12, a water outlet 16, and a groove 14 are arranged coaxially in sequence. The diameter of the groove 14 is larger than the diameter of the water outlet 16. The upper section 1 has a mounting hole 15 that communicates with the groove 14 radially on the outside of the groove 14. The outer wall of the upper section 1 is also provided with an external thread 13 for threaded connection with a drill bit. The lower section 2 is a boss-shaped structure, including a smaller diameter section and a larger diameter section. The size of the smaller diameter section is set to match the groove 14. The smaller diameter section is embedded upward into the groove 14 and the top of the smaller diameter section is sealed to the bottom of the groove 14. The outer wall of the smaller diameter section is provided with an indexing hole 23 at the height of the mounting hole 15. The bottom surface of the larger diameter section is provided with an indexing line 26 along the circumference. The inner side of the lower section 2 is provided with a first flow channel 24 communicating with the water outlet 16 and a second flow channel 25 communicating with the first flow channel 24. The second flow channel 25 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the first flow channel 24 to change the water outlet direction. The elastic locking element 3 is fixedly installed radially in the aligned mounting hole 15 and indexing hole 23 of the upper section body 1 to securely connect the upper section body 1 and the lower section body 2.

[0022] In this embodiment, the pulse jet nozzle adopts a combination of an upper section 1 and a lower section 2. The smaller diameter section of the lower section 2 is completely embedded in the groove 14 of the upper section 1 and fastened together by an elastic locking element 3 to form a complete nozzle structure. The self-excited oscillation chamber 12 is disposed in the upper section 1 and includes an upper impact surface, a cavity wall surface, and a lower impact surface. A fixed diameter section, D1, is provided in front of the self-excited oscillation chamber 12, with a size D1 varying in the range of 0 < D1 ≤ 8 mm. Within this range, drilling fluid can enter the self-excited oscillation chamber 12 through the water inlet 11 to generate a pulse jet effect. The external thread 13 is at least partially offset from the self-excited oscillation chamber 12 along the nozzle axis. The nozzle is threadedly connected to the drill bit's water hole via the external thread 13. For details, please refer to the patent application number 202320835642.8. The height, diameter, angle relative to the overall axis of the nozzle, and whether the second flow channel 25 of the lower section 2 is coaxial or eccentric with the first flow channel 24 can all be varied. The lower section 2 is machined according to the different working conditions of the drill bit.

[0023] The following installation methods can be used: (1) First, the elastic locking element 3 is installed in the mounting hole 15 of the upper body 1, and the end of the elastic locking element 3 away from the center of the upper body 1 is not set outside the mounting hole 15.

[0024] (2) Next, the upper body 1 with the elastic locking element 3 installed is installed on the drill bit.

[0025] (3) Select the required size and tilt angle of the lower section 2 of the second flow channel 25, set the sealing element 4, select the spray direction according to the index line 26 on the lower end face of the lower section 2, and then push the smaller diameter section of the lower section 2 smoothly into the groove 14 below the upper section 1. Set a wedge-shaped outer circle 22 at the upper end of the lower section 2. During the smooth pushing process, when it encounters the end of the elastic locking element 3 facing the groove 14 in the elastic release state, it will be slowly compressed until it encounters the index hole 23. The elastic locking element 3 in the elastic compression state will be released again. After the elastic locking elements 3 on both sides or multiple sides cooperate with the corresponding index hole 23, the elastic locking element 3 can lock the lower section 2 to prevent it from falling off.

[0026] The number of indexing holes 23 can be set according to actual needs. They can be evenly distributed in the circumferential direction at a certain angle, or they can be distributed according to a specific angle. However, it should be noted that there is a symmetrical indexing hole 23 at the 180° deflection position of a certain indexing hole 23. This setting is to better lock the lower section body 2. Angle marks are provided on the indexing line 26 so that the deflection direction of the second flow channel 25 of the water outlet hole 16 of the lower section body 2 can be indicated as the 0° direction.

[0027] The upper section 1 can be pre-installed in the water hole of the drill bit. The external thread 13 and the self-excited oscillation chamber 12 are at least partially staggered along the nozzle axis. Multiple lower sections 2 with different flow channel characteristic sizes can be configured according to experience. On-site, lower sections 2 with different flow channel characteristic sizes can be selected and installed according to the drilling formation and actual working conditions. The fluid outlet velocity is controlled by the first flow channel and the second flow channel 25 to realize the function of amplifying or reducing the pulse pressure.

[0028] After the drill bit is used and recycled, the nozzle can be disassembled as a whole. The lower part 2 of the nozzle can also be disassembled by removing the elastic locking element 3, so that the nozzle can be reused.

[0029] The pulse jet nozzle of this utility model includes an upper section 1 and a lower section 2 that are fitted together. The contact end faces of the upper section 1 and the lower section 2 are sealed and abutted together and locked together by an elastic locking element 3. The upper section 1, as the main structure for converting fluid to generate a pulse jet effect, can be pre-installed in the water hole of the drill bit. The lower section 2, by selecting a second flow channel 25 with different spray angles and inner diameters, can select the direction and velocity of the liquid ejection from the nozzle, avoiding losses caused by back-and-forth transportation and disassembly due to temporary nozzle adjustment needs. The fluid outlet velocity is controlled by the cooperation of the water outlet 16, the first flow channel 24, and the second flow channel 25, realizing the function of amplifying or reducing the pulse pressure. The indexing line 26 is used to select the indexing hole 23 that cooperates with the elastic locking element 3 to achieve the directional installation of the lower section 2 and the upper section 1, thereby controlling the nozzle spray angle and azimuth angle, achieving the effect of directional spraying and precise control of the cooling range, which is beneficial to improving the adaptability of the drill bit. At the same time, the detachable assembly method is conducive to the reuse of structural components and reduces production costs.

[0030] In another technical solution, such as Figure 4 As shown, the diameter of the first flow channel 24 is the same as the diameter of the water outlet 16, which simplifies the process of controlling the direction and velocity of the jet. It only needs to rely on the change of the second flow channel 25 to achieve the selection and control of the nozzle spray angle and azimuth angle, thereby reducing the processing cost.

[0031] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1 As shown, the height H of the second flow channel is set in the range of 2.5 < H < 10 mm, the diameter D of the second flow channel 25 is set in the range of 0 < D ≤ 20 mm, and the height of the first flow channel is adaptively changed according to the height of the second flow channel while the overall height of the lower section is fixed.

[0032] In another technical solution, such as Figure 4As shown, the angle α between the inclination direction of the second flow channel 25 and the central axis of the first flow channel 24 is set within the range of -45°≤α≤45°. The water outlet direction is at a certain angle to the nozzle axis, which can realize the directional injection function. This is beneficial for drilling fluid to be sprayed to more distant cutting teeth, blades, and other positions. At the same time, it is beneficial for accurately controlling the cooling range of drilling fluid according to needs, protecting the drill bit, and improving drilling efficiency.

[0033] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, the elastic locking element 3 includes a compression head 34 and a bolt rod segment 32 that is radially threaded into the mounting hole 15 along the lower section 2. The thread on the bolt rod segment 32 engages with the thread in the mounting hole 15. The bolt rod segment 32 has an axial cavity at one end, and an elastic element 33 that can stretch and deform axially is connected in the cavity. One end of the compression head 34 abuts in the indexing hole 23, and the other end extends into the cavity and is connected to the elastic element 33. When the compression head 34 abuts in the indexing hole 23, the elastic element 33 releases part of its elasticity, and the whole is still in a compressed state. When the compression head 34 contacts the indexing hole 23, it immediately presses into the indexing hole 23 under the action of recovery deformation, thereby locking and limiting the lower section 2.

[0034] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, the end face of the compression head 34 facing the indexing hole 23 is a hemispherical or arc-shaped surface. The shape of the indexing hole 23 is matched with the shape of the end face of the compression head 34, which facilitates smoother operation and avoids jamming during contact with the wedge-shaped surface.

[0035] Preferably, the elastic element 33 is one of the following structural forms: helical spring, spring sheet, or special disc spring.

[0036] Furthermore, a disassembly hole 31 is provided at the head of the bolt segment 32. The disassembly hole 31 is one of the following structural forms: cross-shaped, hexagonal, or plum blossom-shaped, which facilitates the quick installation or removal of the bolt segment 32 by screwing it.

[0037] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the mounting hole 15 has an enlarged step on the side away from the indexing hole 23, and the head end of the bolt shank 32 abuts against the step surface for limiting. Before installing the lower section 2, when the elastic locking element 3 is screwed into the thread-stopping step in the mounting hole 15, the thread is locked, and at this time, the compression head 34 is in an elastically released state.

[0038] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1As shown, a sealing groove 21 is provided circumferentially at the top of the smaller diameter section of the lower body 2, in the outer region of the first flow channel 24. A sealing element 4, such as a sealing ring, is installed in the sealing groove 21, and the upper surface of the sealing element 4 abuts against the bottom surface of the groove 14.

[0039] Although the embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this utility model is not limited to the specific details and the drawings shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A pulse jet nozzle, characterized in that, include: The upper section has a vertically continuous middle section, and in the continuous direction, a water inlet, a self-excited oscillation chamber, a water outlet, and a groove are connected coaxially in sequence. The diameter of the groove is larger than the diameter of the water outlet. The upper section has a mounting hole that communicates with the groove on the outer side of the groove in the radial direction. The outer wall of the upper section is also provided with an external thread for threaded connection with the drill bit. The lower section is a boss-shaped structure, including a smaller diameter section and a larger diameter section. The size of the smaller diameter section is set to match the groove. The smaller diameter section is embedded upward into the groove and the top of the smaller diameter section is sealed to the bottom of the groove. The outer wall of the smaller diameter section has an indexing hole at the height of the mounting hole. The bottom surface of the larger diameter section has an indexing line along the circumference. The inner side of the lower section has a first flow channel communicating with the water outlet and a second flow channel communicating with the first flow channel. The second flow channel is inclined relative to the first flow channel to change the water outlet direction. The elastic locking element is fixedly installed radially in the aligned mounting holes and indexing holes of the upper section body to securely connect the upper section body and the lower section body.

2. The pulse jet nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the first flow channel is the same as the diameter of the water outlet.

3. The pulse jet nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The height H of the second flow channel is set in the range of 2.5 < H < 10 mm, and the diameter D of the second flow channel is set in the range of 0 < D ≤ 20 mm.

4. The pulse jet nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The angle α between the inclination direction of the second flow channel and the central axis of the first flow channel is set within the range of -45°≤α≤45°.

5. The pulse jet nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic locking element includes a compression head and a bolt rod segment that is radially threaded into the mounting hole along the lower section. The bolt rod segment has an axial cavity at one end, and an elastic element that can stretch and deform axially is connected in the cavity. One end of the compression head abuts in the indexing hole, and the other end extends into the cavity and is connected to the elastic element. When the compression head abuts in the indexing hole, the elastic element is in a compressed state.

6. The pulse jet nozzle as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The end face of the compression head facing the indexing hole is a hemispherical or arc-shaped surface, and the shape of the indexing hole is matched with the shape of the end face of the compression head.

7. The pulse jet nozzle as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic element is one of the following structural forms: helical spring, spring sheet, or specially made disc spring.

8. The pulse jet nozzle as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The head of the bolt segment is also provided with a disassembly hole, which can be one of the following structural forms: cross-shaped, hexagonal, or plum blossom-shaped.

9. The pulse jet nozzle as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting hole has an enlarged step on the side away from the indexing hole, and the head end of the bolt segment abuts against the step surface for limiting.

10. The pulse jet nozzle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing groove is provided circumferentially at the top of the smaller diameter section of the lower body, in the outer region of the first flow channel. A sealing element is installed in the sealing groove, and the upper surface of the sealing element abuts against the bottom surface of the groove.

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