Variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of turbochargers and discloses a variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure, including a turbine housing. An actuator is mounted on the outer wall of the turbine housing. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the turbine housing, and a compressor housing is also fixedly connected to the outer wall of the turbine housing. A first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe, and a second connecting plate is mounted on the top of the first connecting plate. A fastening bolt is threaded onto the inner wall of the second connecting plate, and an exhaust gas pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the second connecting plate. In this utility model, the exhaust gas pipe adopts a double-section corrugated pipe design, allowing for flexible length adjustment to adapt to different installation spaces, enhancing the overall structural versatility and installation convenience. Utilizing the temperature-sensitive characteristics of shape memory alloys, the exhaust gas flow cross-section is automatically adjusted through valve deformation, achieving stepless and precise flow control, effectively reducing fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, and enhancing system adaptability and durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of turbochargers, and in particular to a variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure. Background Technology

[0002] The core principle of a turbocharger is to use the exhaust gas from the engine to drive the turbine to rotate, which in turn drives the compressor to compress the intake air, thereby increasing the engine's intake air volume and power. A set of movable guide vanes is added inside the turbine housing. By adjusting the angle of these vanes, the effective working cross section of the turbine can be changed in real time. The variable geometry turbocharger is a precise upgrade of the traditional turbine. By dynamically adjusting the turbine cross section, it essentially achieves efficient utilization of exhaust gas with different flow rates. Ultimately, it solves the core contradiction of traditional turbochargers: low-speed lag and high-speed inefficiency. This allows the engine to achieve comprehensive improvements in three dimensions: power response, fuel consumption control, and emission compliance.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN216477560U, which discloses a turbocharger with variable flow channel volute and dual valve linkage. The linkage device controls the flow adjustment valve and bypass relief valve in a coordinated manner, adjusting their openings according to different engine operating conditions. This structural technology is the first of its kind in the field. It can meet the different air supply requirements of the engine at different speeds, while also accommodating both high and low speeds, thereby improving the engine's power output performance and fuel economy.

[0004] The aforementioned technical solutions lack the ability to flexibly adjust the structure to adapt to different installation spaces, resulting in insufficient overall structural versatility and ease of installation. They cannot be flexibly adapted to actual installation scenarios and have low applicability when facing different installation space requirements. Furthermore, they lack the function of using temperature-sensitive characteristics to achieve stepless and precise control of exhaust gas flow, making it impossible to automatically adjust the exhaust gas flow cross-section to improve turbocharger response speed. Consequently, it is difficult for the engine to stably obtain efficient boost under different loads. Therefore, a variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow adjustment structure is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure, which aims to improve the problems of the lack of flexible adjustment structure to adapt to different installation scenarios and the inability to automatically adjust exhaust gas emission, resulting in reduced exhaust performance in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure, including a turbine housing, an actuator disposed on the outer wall of the turbine housing, an exhaust pipe fixedly connected to the outer wall of the turbine housing, a compressor housing fixedly connected to the outer wall of the turbine housing, a connecting plate one fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe, a connecting plate two disposed at the top of the connecting plate one, a fastening bolt threaded onto the inner wall of the connecting plate two, an exhaust gas pipe fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate two, and an extension at the bottom end of the exhaust gas pipe. The exhaust pipe has a first retractable section and a second telescopic section. A flange is fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe. A knob is rotatably connected to the top of the second telescopic section. A screw is fixedly connected to the top of the knob. A slide rod is fixedly connected to the top of the second telescopic section. A movable frame is slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide rod. A shape memory alloy sheet is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe. A straight groove is opened at the center of the shape memory alloy sheet. A disc spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shape memory alloy sheet. A return spring is fixedly connected to the top of the shape memory alloy sheet.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0008] The outer wall of the fastening bolt is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting disc.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The outer wall of the screw is threadedly connected to the movable frame via a nut sleeve, and the outer wall of the movable frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall at the center of the exhaust pipe.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The linear slots are provided in several groups, and the groups of linear slots are equidistant from the center point of the shape memory alloy sheet.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The disc spring is located on the side of the shape memory alloy plate away from the exhaust pipe, and the end of the return spring away from the shape memory alloy plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The reset spring is arranged at an angle.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The outer wall of the knob has a through-hole, and the inner wall of the through-hole is threaded with a positioning bolt.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] The outer wall of the positioning bolt is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting disc two.

[0021] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In this utility model, the exhaust pipe adopts a double-section corrugated pipe design, which can flexibly adjust the length to adapt to different installation spaces, enhancing the versatility and installation convenience of the overall structure. Utilizing the temperature-sensitive characteristics of shape memory alloy, the exhaust gas flow cross section is automatically adjusted by valve deformation to achieve stepless and precise flow control, improve the turbocharger response speed, and enable the engine to obtain a stable and efficient boost effect under different loads, effectively reducing fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, and enhancing the system's adaptability and durability.

[0023] 2. In this utility model, the combination of the knob and the positioning bolt enables rapid, multi-level manual adjustment and secure locking of the exhaust pipe extension length, effectively preventing accidental deviation caused by operating vibration, enhancing the convenience, reliability and accuracy of length adjustment, and improving the adaptability and stability of the overall structure. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a bottom view of the main structure of the variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure proposed in this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of the main structure of the variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure proposed in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of the exhaust pipe of the variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure proposed in this utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the main structure of the variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure proposed in this utility model.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the separation of the disc spring and the shape memory alloy sheet in the variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure proposed in this utility model.

[0029] Legend:

[0030] 1. Turbine housing; 2. Actuator; 3. Compressor housing; 4. Exhaust pipe; 5. Telescopic section one; 6. Telescopic section two; 7. Connecting plate one; 8. Connecting plate two; 9. Fastening bolt; 10. Exhaust pipe; 11. Flange; 12. Knob; 13. Screw; 14. Slide rod; 15. Moving frame; 16. Shape memory alloy sheet; 17. Straight groove; 18. Disc spring; 19. Return spring; 20. Positioning hole; 21. Positioning bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] Reference Figures 1-3This utility model provides an embodiment of a variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure, including a turbine housing 1. An actuator 2 is installed on the outer wall of the turbine housing 1, which receives external control signals to precisely drive the internal mechanism, adjusting the turbine speed and boost pressure in real time to ensure stable power output of the engine under different loads. An exhaust pipe 4, made of high-temperature resistant material, is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the turbine housing 1, efficiently guiding the exhaust gas after work within the turbine housing 1 to be discharged in a directional manner, avoiding energy loss due to exhaust gas leakage. A compressor housing 3 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the turbine housing 1, working in conjunction with the turbine housing 1. The internal compressor impeller rotates under the drive of the turbine, compressing fresh air and sending it into the engine cylinder to improve combustion efficiency. The top of the exhaust pipe 4 is fixedly connected to... Connecting disc 7 is precision-machined at its end face to ensure a tight seal when mated with connecting disc 8. It also has pre-drilled bolt holes for easy installation. Connecting disc 8 is located at the top of connecting disc 7, forming a transition connection structure with connecting disc 7 to achieve a seamless connection between exhaust pipe 4 and waste gas pipe 10, reducing waste gas flow resistance. The inner wall of connecting disc 8 is threaded with fastening bolts 9, made of high-strength alloy material, capable of withstanding vibration and impact under high temperature and pressure conditions, enhancing connection stability. The outer wall of fastening bolts 9 is threaded with the inner wall of connecting disc 7. Multiple bolts are evenly distributed and tightened to ensure a tight fit between the two connecting discs, effectively preventing waste gas leakage at the connection point. The top of connecting disc 8 is fixedly connected to waste gas pipe 10, made of corrosion-resistant... Made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel, the smooth inner wall design reduces exhaust gas flow resistance and serves as a key channel for exhaust gas flow regulation. The bottom of the exhaust pipe 10 features a telescopic section 5 with a corrugated structure, providing excellent flexibility. This, combined with telescopic section 6, allows for flexible length adjustment of the exhaust pipe 10. The top of the exhaust pipe 10 also features telescopic section 6, which matches the structure of telescopic section 5, adapting to different installation spaces and operating conditions to meet varying length requirements and enhancing structural versatility. A flange 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe 10, with evenly distributed connection holes for easy bolt connection to subsequent exhaust treatment devices or pipelines, ensuring excellent sealing performance. A knob 12 is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting plate 8, with an anti-slip surface. The knob 12 has a textured surface for easy manual rotation by the operator, providing a convenient power input method for the rotation of the screw 13. The top of the knob 12 is fixedly connected to the screw 13. The outer wall of the screw 13 is threadedly connected to the movable frame 15 through a nut sleeve. The nut sleeve is rigidly connected to the movable frame 15, ensuring that the screw 13 can stably drive the movable frame 15 to move without any free play when rotating. The top of the connecting plate 2 8 is fixedly connected to the sliding rod 14, which is set parallel to the screw 13. It guides and limits the movable frame 15, preventing the movable frame 15 from deviating or rotating during movement. The outer wall of the sliding rod 14 is slidably connected to the movable frame 15. The outer wall of the movable frame 15 is fixedly connected to the outer wall at the center of the exhaust pipe 10. The movable frame 15 is a semi-circular frame or a bracket with multiple evenly distributed legs.Its outer wall is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the non-expandable rigid pipe section in the exhaust pipe 10 by welding or integral molding. This connection point is located between the first expansion section 5 and the second expansion section 6.

[0033] Reference Figures 3-5 A shape memory alloy sheet 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 10. The shape memory alloy sheet 16 is made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and its austenitic phase transformation end temperature is set between 90°C and 120°C. This temperature range can cover the exhaust gas temperature of the turbocharger when the engine is operating at low and medium loads. A straight groove 17 is opened at the center of the shape memory alloy sheet 16. Several sets of straight grooves 17 are opened, and the sets of straight grooves 17 are equidistant from the center point of the shape memory alloy sheet 16. The shape memory alloy sheet 16 and the straight grooves 17 form a shape memory alloy valve. A large force is required for a whole shape memory alloy sheet 16 to undergo a large bending deformation. After opening the radial grooves, the valve actually becomes multiple independently deformable "petals". The deformation resistance of each "petal" is much smaller than that of the whole sheet, so that it can start to move at a lower temperature or less heat, with a more sensitive response and rapid adaptation. The system is designed to adapt to engine operating conditions from idle to high load, ensuring smooth power output. The slot allows airflow to pass through even when the valve is partially open, avoiding abrupt changes between "fully open" and "fully closed," resulting in more linear and smooth flow regulation. This enables stepless adjustment of exhaust gas flow, precisely matching the intake requirements of the engine under different operating conditions and improving fuel economy. A disc spring 18 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shape memory alloy sheet 16, located on the side of the shape memory alloy sheet 16 away from the exhaust pipe 4. A return spring 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the shape memory alloy sheet 16, and the return spring 19 is inclined. The end of the return spring 19 away from the shape memory alloy sheet 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 10. A circular shape memory alloy sheet 16 is connected to the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 10. The preload of the springs, consisting of several return springs 19 or one disc spring 18, keeps the "petals" slightly convex at low temperatures.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 The outer wall of the knob 12 has a through-hole 20, which precisely corresponds to the threaded hole on the connecting plate 8. Multiple holes are usually provided to achieve multi-position positioning. The inner wall of the positioning hole 20 is threaded with a positioning bolt 21, which adopts a hand-tightening design and can be operated without tools, making it convenient to quickly fix and adjust the position of the knob 12. The outer wall of the positioning bolt 21 is threaded with the inner wall of the connecting plate 8, and the knob 12 is firmly fixed on the connecting plate 8 by the thread tightening force, preventing the knob 12 from rotating on its own and causing length deviation when the equipment vibrates during operation.

[0035] Working principle: The exhaust gas discharged from the turbine housing 1 first enters the exhaust pipe 4, and after passing through the sealed channel formed by the connecting disc 1 7 and the connecting disc 2 8 fixed by the fastening bolts 9, it flows into the exhaust gas pipe 10. The shape memory alloy valve, composed of a shape memory alloy thin plate 16 and several sets of radial straight grooves 17, is the key component for flow regulation inside the exhaust gas pipe 10. Under low temperature conditions, under the pre-tension of the return spring 19, the valve is slightly convex, and the exhaust gas flow cross section is at a small level. When the exhaust gas temperature rises, the shape memory alloy thin plate 16 deforms due to heat, overcoming the tension of the return spring 19 and driving each "petal"-shaped valve assembly to unfold, synchronously expanding the exhaust gas flow cross section. The design of the straight grooves 17 can avoid sudden changes in flow during the valve opening process, achieving linear regulation. In the section, the disc spring 18 plays a role in stabilizing the valve deformation state. If it is necessary to adjust the overall length of the exhaust pipe 10 according to the actual working conditions, the positioning bolt 21 can be loosened first, and the knob 12 can be turned to drive the screw 13 to rotate. Under the guiding and limiting action of the slide rod 14, the moving frame 15, which is threadedly connected to the screw 13, moves axially, thereby driving the extension section 5 and extension section 6 of the exhaust pipe 10 to achieve extension and retraction adjustment. After the adjustment is completed, the positioning bolt 21 is tightened, and the position is fixed by the threaded engagement of the positioning hole 20 and the connecting plate 8. At the same time, the actuator 2 and the compressor housing 3 work together, combined with the automatic adjustment of the shape memory alloy temperature sensing and the manual adjustment of the length of the exhaust pipe 10, to finally achieve precise control of the exhaust flow rate and meet the needs of different operating conditions of the turbocharger.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure, comprising a turbine housing (1), an actuator (2) provided on the outer wall of the turbine housing (1), an exhaust pipe (4) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the turbine housing (1), and a compressor housing (3) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the turbine housing (1), characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (4) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate one (7), the connecting plate one (7) is provided with a connecting plate two (8) at the top, the inner wall of the connecting plate two (8) is threaded with a fastening bolt (9), the top of the connecting plate two (8) is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe (10), the bottom end of the exhaust pipe (10) is provided with a telescopic section one (5), the top end of the exhaust pipe (10) is provided with a telescopic section two (6), the top end of the exhaust pipe (10) is fixedly connected to a flange (11), and the top of the connecting plate two (8) is rotatably connected to a knob ( 12), the top of the knob (12) is fixedly connected to a screw (13), the top of the connecting plate (8) is fixedly connected to a slide rod (14), the outer wall of the slide rod (14) is slidably connected to a moving frame (15), the inner wall of the exhaust pipe (10) is fixedly connected to a shape memory alloy plate (16), a straight groove (17) is opened at the center of the shape memory alloy plate (16), a disc spring (18) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shape memory alloy plate (16), and a reset spring (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the shape memory alloy plate (16).

2. The variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fastening bolt (9) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting disc (7).

3. The variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the screw (13) is connected to the movable frame (15) by a nut sleeve, and the outer wall of the movable frame (15) is fixedly connected to the outer wall at the center of the exhaust pipe (10).

4. The variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight grooves (17) are provided in several groups, and the several groups of straight grooves (17) are distributed at equal intervals around the center point of the shape memory alloy sheet (16).

5. The variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disc spring (18) is located on the side of the shape memory alloy plate (16) away from the exhaust pipe (4), and the end of the return spring (19) away from the shape memory alloy plate (16) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe (10).

6. The variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset spring (19) is set at an angle.

7. The variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the knob (12) is provided with a positioning hole (20), and the inner wall of the positioning hole (20) is threaded with a positioning bolt (21).

8. The variable cross-section turbocharger exhaust gas flow regulation structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the positioning bolt (21) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting disc (8).

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