Double-layer three-ring combined misassembled full-seal ring

Abstract

This utility model discloses a double-layer, three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring, including a first gas ring, which comprises an upper top ring, a lower inner ring, and a lower outer ring. Each of the upper top ring, lower inner ring, and lower outer ring has an elastic opening. The outer diameter of the lower inner ring matches the inner diameter of the lower outer ring, and the lower inner ring is fitted inside the lower outer ring. A latch is provided on the back of the lower outer ring, and the open end of the lower inner ring engages with the latch. The elastic opening of the upper top ring has a narrow tongue end and a wide tongue end, which can interlock and seal. A second latch is provided on the bottom surface of the upper top ring, and the open end of the lower inner ring also engages with the second latch. This utility model achieves the blocking of more than 90% of the combustion chamber combustion gas in the upper part of the first gas ring, and the sealing degree of the first gas ring does not decrease with wear on the outer circular surface of the ring. Simultaneously, the flow channel formed by the cooperation with the first gas ring groove achieves flow restriction and guidance control of the combustion gas leaking into the ring, and realizes uniform oil distribution and oil circulation renewal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of piston ring technology, specifically a double-layer three-ring combination misaligned fully sealed ring. Background Technology

[0002] The piston is one of the most important components of an engine, located inside the cylinder. During operation, it needs to reciprocate rapidly with the cylinder. A piston typically has two compression ring grooves and one oil ring groove. Compression rings are fitted into each of the two compression ring grooves, and an oil ring is fitted into the oil ring groove. The main function of the compression ring grooves, compression rings, oil ring grooves, and oil rings is to seal and block gas flow while simultaneously distributing oil to the cylinder wall working surface through the piston's reciprocating motion and scraping off excess oil from the cylinder wall. Current piston compression rings are all flat-cut open designs, installed in the two compression ring grooves. The compression rings rely on their own elasticity and the pressure of the combustion gases to achieve radial and axial sealing of the piston, thus blocking the combustion gases.

[0003] Its working principle is as follows Figure 9 As shown, when the piston and piston rings are installed in the cylinder (cylinder), three gaps are formed between the piston, piston rings and cylinder wall (cylinder wall): end gap, side gap and back gap. That is, the piston ring is not perfectly circular in its free state, and its outer dimension is slightly larger than the cylinder diameter. When the piston ring is installed in the cylinder, under its own elastic force, the outer surface of the ring body is pressed tightly against the cylinder wall to form the first sealing surface. The high-pressure gas in the combustion chamber passes through the gap between the piston top (firepower) land and the cylinder wall, and enters the back gap from the upper side gap and end gap of the ring body. This pressure makes the lower bottom surface of the ring body press tightly against the lower side surface of the ring groove, and the outer surface of the ring body press tightly against the cylinder wall to form the second sealing surface.

[0004] The minimum opening clearance of the flat-mouth piston ring, designed to accommodate thermal expansion, results in excessive combustion gas leakage and excessive oil rise during initial installation. During use, as the outer surface of the ring wears and springs outward, the end clearance gradually widens, causing a simultaneous drop in cylinder pressure. More oil rises into the combustion chamber, while more combustion gas leaks into the crankcase. Excessive scavenging of the piston head by the combustion gas causes oil vaporization and excessive shearing, with insufficient buffering, leading to poor lubrication between the outer surface of the ring and the cylinder wall. Under low cylinder pressure, oil participates in combustion, and the carbon black and gum generated from incomplete combustion leak down, adhering to the ring grooves, the ring body, and various engine components, forming carbon deposits. As the end clearance of the ring body further widens, the severity of these problems is exacerbated.

[0005] The existing flat-rimmed piston rings have a relatively low sealing performance for the first compression ring, approximately 80% or higher, with a limit of only 90%. The sealing performance for the second compression ring is about 10-20%, and the sealing performance for the oil ring is about 5%. This means that there is still a significant amount of airflow between the combustion chamber and the crankcase.

[0006] Therefore, the first piston ring groove and piston ring are the most critical air-blocking layers. Most of the combustion gases (including air and air-fuel mixture) are blocked by this structure. The existing ones are flat-cut openings, and the open structure during operation has insufficient sealing, which affects the overall piston efficiency, wastes fuel and engine oil, and increases environmental pollution. The formation and adhesion of carbon deposits will eventually lead to piston and piston ring seizure, cylinder scoring, seal failure, and blockage of crankshaft and eccentric shaft oil passages, resulting in crankshaft seizure and reduced engine life.

[0007] Some designs use a joint design, such as patent number 00248108.1, which is used in conjunction with the piston ring groove and cylinder wall. However, since only a full seal is considered, a flow guiding structure is not provided as in this utility model. This results in the oil being trapped in the piston head and unable to flow back and renew itself, reducing the lubrication effect, shortening the oil life, and increasing the wear of the piston, piston rings, and cylinder wall.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a double-layer fully sealed gas ring with good gas sealing performance, in which wear on the outer circular surface of the ring does not affect the gas sealing capability, and at the same time, it has a matching gas ring groove to limit and guide the downward gas flow, control the gas leakage, and ensure that the piston head oil can be circulated and renewed. Utility Model Content

[0009] This invention proposes a double-layer, three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A double-layer, three-ring composite, staggered, fully sealed ring includes an air ring one. The air ring one comprises an upper top ring, a lower inner ring, and a lower outer ring. Each of the upper top ring, lower inner ring, and lower outer ring has an elastic opening. The outer diameter of the lower inner ring matches the inner diameter of the lower outer ring. The lower inner ring is fitted inside the lower outer ring, and the back of the lower outer ring has a tenon one. The open end of the lower inner ring engages with the tenon one. The elastic opening of the upper top ring has a narrow tongue end and a wide tongue end at its two ends, which can interlock and seal. The lower bottom surface of the upper top ring has a tenon two, and the open end of the lower inner ring also engages with the tenon two. The upper top ring, lower inner ring, and lower outer ring are stacked vertically, with the port of the lower inner ring and the port of the lower outer ring staggered. The overlapping joint of the upper top ring and the port of the lower outer ring are also staggered vertically, forming a double-layer, fully sealed air ring.

[0012] It also includes a piston, the upper part of which is the piston head and the lower part of which is the piston skirt. The piston is installed in the cylinder. The upper part of the piston head is the combustion chamber and the lower part of the piston skirt is the crankcase. The outer circumferential surface of the piston head is provided with a first piston ring groove, a second piston ring groove, and an oil ring groove from top to bottom. The first piston ring groove, the second piston ring groove, and the oil ring groove are respectively fitted with the first piston ring, the second piston ring, and the oil ring.

[0013] The area above the first gas ring groove is the top bank, the area between the first gas ring groove and the second gas ring groove is the ring bank, and the area between the second gas ring groove and the oil ring groove is the recessed ring bank.

[0014] Preferably, the annular shore is provided with an oil storage structure, that is, several rows of oil storage holes or oil storage grooves are arranged around the annular shore according to the axial thickness of the annular shore. Taking the arrangement of two rows of oil storage holes as an example, a row of oil storage holes one is arranged at the same radial spacing in the middle of the outer circumference of the annular shore, and a row of oil storage holes two is arranged at the same radial spacing near the gas ring groove two. For ease of processing, the oil storage holes one in the middle of the annular shore are circular, and the oil storage holes two near the gas ring groove two are arc-shaped; each of the oil storage holes one and each of the oil storage holes two are arranged in an alternating position.

[0015] Preferably, the depth of the first oil storage hole does not exceed the depth of the first gas ring groove, the depth of the second oil storage hole is 30% to 50% of the depth of the second gas ring groove, and the second oil storage hole is axially connected to the second gas ring groove.

[0016] The oil storage structure increases the space around the gas ring, increases the oil buffer capacity, improves the upward oil collection speed, and slows down the upward movement of the oil around the gas ring groove. At the same time, it buffers, turbulents, depressurizes, and cools the combustion gas, slows down the downward speed of the combustion gas, and ensures that after the combustion gas is purged, the oil retained around the gas ring can meet the stable supply of the outer circular surface of the first and second combustion rings to the cylinder wall contact surface, thereby improving the lubrication of the piston.

[0017] Preferably, a metering air inlet is provided on the upper side of the air ring groove, and a metering air outlet is provided on the lower side of the air ring groove, and the metering air inlet and the metering air outlet are connected to the bottom of the air ring groove.

[0018] Preferably, the combustion chamber is provided with a valve intake surface and a valve exhaust surface at the top, the position of the piston top circular surface perpendicular to the middle of the valve intake surface is set at 6 o'clock, and the position of the piston top circular surface perpendicular to the middle of the valve exhaust surface is set at 0 o'clock.

[0019] Preferably, the first quantitative air inlet can be set at any position from 9 o'clock to 0 o'clock or from 0 o'clock to 3 o'clock on the upper side of the first air ring groove, and the first quantitative air inlet is preferably set at the 9 o'clock, 0 o'clock or 3 o'clock position on the upper side of the first air ring groove, and the first quantitative air outlet should be set at the 0 o'clock or 6 o'clock position on the lower side of the first air ring groove.

[0020] Preferably, the size of the first quantitative air inlet and the first quantitative air outlet can be customized according to the requirements of different vehicle engines, so as to achieve a customizable amount of gas entering the ring. The amount of gas leaking out is not affected by the wear of the first air ring, and a fixed amount of gas flow can be maintained for a long time.

[0021] Preferably, the second gas ring of the second gas ring groove can be either a fully sealed gas ring or an existing flat-mouth gas ring with an undercut structure.

[0022] Preferably, the oil ring groove and the oil ring are existing structures, and the oil ring is a combined oil ring or an integral oil ring.

[0023] Preferably, the second gas ring of the second gas ring groove is selected to be a flat gas ring with a lower outer tangent structure, and the oil ring of the oil ring groove is selected to be a combined oil ring or an integrated oil ring. These are all existing mature technologies and are not limited to one type here.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This utility model employs an upper top ring, a lower inner ring, and a lower outer ring stacked together, with the upper top ring overlap and the lower outer ring port staggered, and the lower inner ring port staggered with the lower outer ring port, forming the first fully sealed gas ring of the piston. Since the lower outer ring surface is below the upper top ring overlap, it achieves axial obstruction of the gas, while the lower inner ring port and the lower outer ring port are mutually sealed, achieving radial obstruction of the gas, thereby completing bidirectional sealing of the gas, achieving 90% of the gas blocked in the upper part of the first gas ring, and the sealing degree of the first gas ring does not decrease with the wear of the outer circular surface of the ring.

[0026] At the same time, combined with the path formed by the quantitative air intake and quantitative air outlet in the ring groove, the flow restriction and guidance control of the downward combustion gas and oil, and the upward air and oil are realized, which effectively prevents too much oil from entering the combustion chamber and too much gas from leaking into the crankcase, and realizes the up and down circulation and buffering of oil in the piston head, ensuring the oil supply between the piston ring and the cylinder wall working surface.

[0027] The fully sealed structure of the piston ring, combined with the structure of the piston ring groove, reduces the pressure, flow rate, and temperature of the combustion gas and engine oil inside and at the bottom of the piston ring groove, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of oil distribution. It completely avoids the problem of excessive leakage during initial installation of existing flat-mouth piston rings, which leads to a continuous expansion of the port as the outer circumference of the ring wears, resulting in a synchronous decline in the sealing effect of the piston ring. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the piston structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 Another front view of the piston structure having this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the double-layer three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring structure of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the narrow and wide tongue ends of the top ring of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom after assembly of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the latch one and latch two parts of the gas ring one of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the existing flat-mouth gas ring open end structure;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the existing combined oil ring structure;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the existing piston and piston ring clearance.

[0037] 1. Piston; 11. Upper top ring; 12. Narrow tongue end; 13. Wide tongue end; 14. Second latch; 15. Lower inner ring; 16. Lower outer ring; 17. First latch; 18. Outer circular surface; 19. Back side; 2. Ring land; 21. Compression ring one; 22. Compression ring two; 23. Oil ring; 24. Compression ring groove one; 25. Compression ring groove two; 26. Oil ring groove; 3. Recessed ring land; 31. Metering inlet hole one; 32. Metering outlet hole one; 4. Top land; 41. Upper scraper of oil ring; 42. Lower scraper of oil ring; 43. Oil ring cavity; 44. Oil return hole; 51. Oil reservoir hole one; 52. Oil reservoir hole two; 6. Flat-mouth compression ring; 61. Valve inlet surface; 62. Valve exhaust surface; 72. Lower outer tangent structure. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0039] Reference Figures 1-9 Example 1: A double-layer three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring ( Figure 3The system includes an air ring 21, comprising an upper top ring 11, a lower inner ring 15, and a lower outer ring 16. Each of these rings has an elastic opening. The outer diameter of the lower inner ring 15 matches the inner diameter of the lower outer ring 16. The lower inner ring 15 is fitted inside the lower outer ring 16. The back 19 of the lower outer ring 16 has a latch 17, and the open end of the lower inner ring 15 engages with the latch 17. The elastic opening of the upper top ring 11 is divided into two parts. The upper ring 11 has a narrow tongue end 12 and a wide tongue end 13. The narrow tongue end 12 and the wide tongue end 13 can be fitted together and sealed. The bottom surface of the upper ring 11 is provided with a second tenon 14. The opening end of the lower inner ring 15 is also engaged with the second tenon 14. The upper ring 11, the lower inner ring 15, and the lower outer ring 16 are stacked on top of each other. The port of the lower inner ring 15 and the port of the lower outer ring 16 are staggered. The overlapping part of the upper ring 11 and the port of the lower outer ring 16 are staggered, forming a double-layer fully sealed air ring.

[0040] It also includes a piston 1, the upper part of which is the piston head and the lower part of which is the piston skirt. The piston 1 is installed in the cylinder. The upper part of the piston head is the combustion chamber and the lower part of the piston skirt is the crankcase. The outer circumferential surface of the piston head is provided with a first piston ring groove 24, a second piston ring groove 25, and an oil ring groove 26 from top to bottom. The first piston ring groove 24, the second piston ring groove 25, and the oil ring groove 26 are respectively fitted with a first piston ring 21, a second piston ring 22, and an oil ring 23.

[0041] The top of the first gas ring groove 24 is the top bank 4, the space between the first gas ring groove 24 and the second gas ring groove 25 is the ring bank 2, and the space between the second gas ring groove 25 and the oil ring groove 26 is the recessed ring bank 3.

[0042] The ring bank 2 is equipped with an oil storage structure, which consists of several rows of oil storage holes or oil storage grooves arranged around the ring bank 2 according to its axial thickness. Taking two rows of oil storage holes as an example, a row of oil storage holes 51 is arranged at the same radial spacing in the middle of the outer circumference of the ring bank 2, and a row of oil storage holes 52 is arranged at the same radial spacing near the second gas ring groove 25. The oil storage holes 51 in the middle of the ring bank 2 are circular, and the oil storage holes 52 near the second gas ring groove 25 are arc-shaped; the oil storage holes 51 and 52 are arranged in staggered positions.

[0043] The depth of the first oil storage hole 51 does not exceed the depth of the first gas ring groove 24, the depth of the second oil storage hole 52 is 30% to 50% of the depth of the second gas ring groove 25, and the second oil storage hole 52 is axially connected to the second gas ring groove 25.

[0044] The upper side of the air ring groove 24 is provided with a metering air inlet hole 31, and the lower side of the air ring groove 24 is provided with a metering air outlet hole 32. The metering air inlet hole 31 and the metering air outlet hole 32 are connected to the bottom of the air ring groove 24.

[0045] The combustion chamber is provided with a valve intake surface 61 and a valve exhaust surface 62 at the top. The position of the top circular surface of the piston 1 perpendicular to the middle of the valve intake surface 61 is set at 6 o'clock, and the position of the top circular surface of the piston 1 perpendicular to the middle of the valve exhaust surface 62 is set at 0 o'clock.

[0046] The quantitative air inlet 31 can be located at any position from 9 o'clock to 0 o'clock or from 0 o'clock to 3 o'clock on the upper side of the air ring groove 24, and the quantitative air inlet 31 is preferably located at the 9 o'clock, 0 o'clock or 3 o'clock position on the upper side of the air ring groove 24. The quantitative air outlet 32 ​​should be located at the 0 o'clock or 6 o'clock position on the lower side of the air ring groove 24.

[0047] The air, mixture, or fuel gas in the combustion chamber is restricted and guided to the circulation path of the ring 2:

[0048] S1. When the quantitative air inlet 31 is set at the 0 o'clock position and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​is set at the 0 o'clock position, the quantitative air inlet 31, the gap between the back of the air ring 21 and the bottom of the air ring groove 24, and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​form a new U-shaped path for air, mixed gas or fuel gas to descend.

[0049] S2. When the quantitative air inlet 31 is set at the 0 o'clock position and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​is set at the 6 o'clock position, the quantitative air inlet 31, the gap between the back of the air ring 21 and the bottom of the air ring groove 24, and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​form two new arc-shaped extension paths of equal length for air, mixed gas or fuel gas to descend.

[0050] S3. When the quantitative air inlet 31 is set at the 3 o'clock position and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​is set at the 0 o'clock position, the quantitative air inlet 31, the gap between the back of the air ring 21 and the bottom of the air ring groove 24, and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​form two new arc-shaped extension paths of one long and one short for air, mixed gas or fuel gas to descend.

[0051] S4. When the quantitative air inlet 31 is set at the 9 o'clock position and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​is set at the 0 o'clock position, the quantitative air inlet 31, the gap between the back of the air ring 21 and the bottom of the air ring groove 24, and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​form two new arc-shaped extension paths, one short and one long, for the downward flow of air, mixed gas, or fuel gas.

[0052] When piston 1 enters the compression, power and exhaust strokes, part of the air, mixture or combustion gas enters the back of the ring from the upper side gap of the ring-21 to establish side pressure, while the other part passes through the new U-shaped path of the ring groove-24 or through the new arc-shaped extended path. At the same time as establishing the back side pressure of the ring-21, the air, mixture or combustion gas entering the back of the ring from the upper side gap is introduced into the ring lander 2.

[0053] A gas-blocking and flow-guiding method based on a double-layer, three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring includes the following:

[0054] When piston 1 enters the compression, power, and exhaust strokes, the air, mixture, or combustion gas in the combustion chamber impacts piston 1. The upper ring 11 and lower ring 12 of the compression ring 21 are compressed face-to-face, with the bottom surface of the upper ring 11 pressed against the front surface of the lower ring 12, and the bottom surface of the lower ring 12 pressed against the lower side of the compression ring groove 24. A small portion of the air, mixture, or combustion gas enters the back clearance from the upper side clearance of the compression ring 21, along with another portion introduced into the back clearance space from the metering inlet 31 at the 0, 3, or 9 o'clock position on the upper side of the compression ring groove 24. The vertical side pressure causes a large amount of air, air-fuel mixture, or fuel gas to be blocked by the air ring 21 and the air ring groove 24. A portion of the air, air-fuel mixture, or fuel gas leaks downward into the ring land 2 through the radial wave-like bouncing of the air ring 21 from the gap between the outer circular surface 18 of the ring body and the cylinder wall and the ring body joint. The remaining air, air-fuel mixture, or fuel gas is introduced into the ring land 2 through the metered air outlet 32 ​​at the 0 o'clock or 6 o'clock position on the lower side of the air ring groove 24. At the same time, the oil buffered in the air ring groove 24 and the ring land 2 is blown downward and driven away.

[0055] It also includes the following:

[0056] When piston 1 enters the intake stroke, air and oil move in the opposite direction along the path of air, air-fuel mixture, or fuel gas moving downwards. Due to the difference between air and oil, the low-density, highly fluid air is quickly drawn into the combustion chamber from the lower side gap of the piston ring 21 and the metered outlet 32 ​​and metered intake 31. Meanwhile, the high-density, viscous oil is mostly blocked at the bottom of the small metered outlet 32. The oil that struggles to pass through the narrow lower side gap and metered outlet 32 ​​is then buffered and retained by the back gap space of the piston ring 21. Only a very small amount of oil can escape from the metered intake 31 and enter the combustion chamber. When this very small amount of oil is introduced into the ring surface of the piston ring 21, piston 1 switches to the compression stroke, and the oil is promptly blown downwards by the air or air-fuel mixture.

[0057] The oil that rises to the ring 2 and the cylinder wall groove 24 is coated onto the cylinder wall working surface by the piston moving up and down with the piston rings 21 and 22. The path through which the combustion gases drive the oil downwards is also the path through which the oil is drawn upwards to return and renew itself.

[0058] The size of the metered air inlet hole 31 and metered air outlet hole 32 can be customized according to the requirements of different vehicle engines, so as to achieve a customizable amount of gas entering the ring 2. The amount of gas entering is not affected by the wear of the air ring 21, and a fixed amount of gas flow can be maintained stably for a long time.

[0059] The second gas ring 22 of the second gas ring groove 25 can be either a fully sealed gas ring or an existing flat-mouth gas ring with an undercut structure.

[0060] The flat-mouth gas ring, such as Figure 7 The existing flat-mouth gas ring 6 has two flat ends, and the lower bottom surface is close to the lower side of the outer circular surface of the ring body with a lower external tangent structure 72.

[0061] The oil ring groove 26 and the oil ring 23 are existing structures, and the oil ring 23 is a combined oil ring or an integral oil ring.

[0062] For example, the gas ring 22 of the gas ring groove 25 can be selected as a flat gas ring 6 with a lower outer tangent structure, and the oil ring 23 of the oil ring groove 26 can be selected as a combined oil ring or an integrated oil ring. These are all existing mature technologies, and no single limitation is made here.

[0063] If the oil ring 23 uses an existing combined oil ring, it includes an upper scraper 41, an inner liner, and a lower scraper 42. The upper and lower scrapers clamp the inner liner in the middle to form an oil ring cavity 43.

[0064] If the oil ring 23 is an integral oil ring, it consists of an outer frame of the oil ring and a support spring. The internal space of the outer frame of the oil ring and the support spring together form the oil ring cavity 43.

[0065] Example 2 is a combined example based on the structure of Example 1.

[0066] The method and requirements for inserting the gas ring 21 into the gas ring groove 24 are as follows:

[0067] The gas ring 21 is a double-layer, three-ring composite, misaligned, fully sealed ring, with the joint as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a metered air inlet hole 31 needs to be provided on the upper side of the 0, 3 or 9 o'clock position of the air ring groove 24; and a metered air outlet hole 32 needs to be provided on the lower side of the 0 or 6 o'clock position.

[0068] ① If the quantitative air inlet 31 is set at the 0 o'clock position and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​is set at the 0 o'clock position, then the top ring 11 can be aligned with the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock position.

[0069] ② If the quantitative air inlet 31 is set at the 0 o'clock position and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​is set at the 6 o'clock position, then the top ring 11 can be aligned with the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock position.

[0070] ③ If the quantitative air inlet 31 is set at the 3 o'clock position and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​is set at the 0 o'clock position, then the top ring 11 overlap should be aligned with the 9 o'clock position.

[0071] ④ If the quantitative air inlet 31 is set at the 9 o'clock position and the quantitative air outlet 32 ​​is set at the 0 o'clock position, then the top ring 11 overlap should be aligned with the 3 o'clock position.

[0072] When selecting an existing flat-mouthed gas ring 6 with a lower external tangent structure for gas ring 22, the method and requirements for installing it into gas ring groove 25 are as follows:

[0073] The flat-mouth air ring 6 is an existing mature technology, and its installation method is the same as the existing method.

[0074] ①If the metering outlet 32 ​​of the air ring groove 24 is set at the 0 o'clock position, then the port 6 of the flat air ring must be aligned with the 6 o'clock position.

[0075] ②If the metering outlet 32 ​​of the air ring groove 24 is set at the 6 o'clock position, then the 6 port of the flat-mouth air ring must be aligned with the 0 o'clock position.

[0076] When selecting an existing combined oil ring or an integral oil ring for oil ring 23, the method and requirements for inserting it into the oil ring groove 26 are as follows:

[0077] The installation method of the combined oil ring or the integrated oil ring is the same as that of the existing methods.

[0078] ① If the oil ring 23 uses the existing combined oil ring, the port of the upper scraper 41 of the oil ring 23 should be aligned with the left and right sides of the 0 o'clock or 6 o'clock position opposite to the port of the flat-mouth air ring 6 of the second air ring 22; the port of the lower scraper 42 should be aligned with the left and right sides of the 6 o'clock or 0 o'clock position opposite to the port of the upper scraper 41.

[0079] ②If the oil ring 23 uses the existing integrated oil ring, the port of the integrated oil ring should be aligned with the left and right sides of the 0 point or 6 o'clock position opposite to the port of the flat ring 4 of the second gas ring 22.

[0080] Detailed working principle of the combined use of gas ring groove 24 and gas ring 21:

[0081] First, when piston 1 enters the power and exhaust strokes, some of the combustion gas leaks downwards through the gap between the outer surface 18 of the ring and the cylinder wall, as well as the ring joint gap, due to the radial wave-like bouncing of the piston ring 21 during its up-and-down movement. The remaining combustion gas enters the bottom of the piston ring groove 24 through the upper side gap of piston ring 21 and the metering intake port 31 at the 0, 3, or 9 o'clock position. At this time, the front and back surfaces 19 of the upper top ring 11, lower inner ring 15, and lower outer ring 16 are pressure surfaces, causing the upper top ring 11, lower inner ring 15, and lower outer ring 16 to compress downwards and expand radially. The upper top ring 11 is tightly attached to the lower inner ring 15 and the lower outer ring 16. The lower inner ring 15 and the lower outer ring 16 are tightly attached to the lower side of the gas ring groove 24. The outer circular surface 18 of the upper top ring 11 and the lower outer ring 16 is tightly attached to the cylinder wall. The outer circular surface 18 of the lower inner ring 15 is tightly attached to the back surface 19 of the lower outer ring 16. This prevents the gas from leaking from the upper top ring 11 joint and the ports or lower contact surfaces of the lower inner ring 15 and the lower outer ring 16. Since the upper top ring 11 and the lower inner ring 15 and the lower outer ring 16 are staggered and overlapped, the sealing degree of the gas ring 21 is significantly increased, thereby blocking more than 90% of the gas in the upper part of the gas ring 21.

[0082] As described above, the metered air inlet 31 is located at the 0 o'clock position on the upper side of the gas ring groove 24, while the metered air outlet 32 ​​is correspondingly located at the 0 o'clock position on the lower side. The high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas in the combustion chamber is introduced through the metered air inlet 31 at the 0 o'clock position. Simultaneously, the gas creates lateral pressure on the back of the gas ring 21 at the narrow bottom of the gas ring groove 24, and leaks into the annular land 2 from the corresponding metered air outlet 32 ​​at the 0 o'clock position. The new U-shaped path formed from the metered air inlet 31 to the metered air outlet 32 ​​achieves the effects of limiting, guiding, cooling, and depressurizing the combustion gas. Only a small amount of combustion gas can enter the annular land 2 through this U-shaped channel.

[0083] The staggered arrangement of the metered air inlet 31 and metered air outlet 32 ​​creates a new arc-shaped extended path between them, increasing the gas flow path and enhancing the effects of limiting, guiding, cooling, and reducing gas flow. Only a small amount of gas can enter the ring bank 2 through this multi-bend arc-shaped extended channel.

[0084] The high-temperature, high-pressure gas flame passes through the narrow gap between the top bank 4 and the cylinder wall, as well as the narrow upper side gap and the metered intake port 31, and is extinguished due to heat loss and temperature reduction.

[0085] Because the sizes of the metered air inlet port 31 and the metered air outlet port 32 are customizable, the amount of gas entering the annular space 2 can be customized. A stable and consistent gas leakage rate can be maintained over a long period, unaffected by wear on the gas ring 21. Only less than 10% of the gas can bypass the seal of the gas ring 21 and enter the annular space 2.

[0086] The sealing structure of the first ring groove 24 and the first ring 21 connects to the second ring groove 25 and the second ring 22, and then to the oil ring groove 26 and the oil ring 23. The sealing structure of the first ring groove 24 and the first ring 21 has the functions of limiting and guiding flow, while also enhancing the buffering effect of the ring land 2, the recessed ring land 3, and the oil ring cavity 43 on the engine oil. This ensures that after each combustion gas purging, some engine oil is still retained in the bottom gap of the first ring groove 24, the ring land 2, the bottom gap of the second ring groove 25, the recessed ring land 3, and the oil ring cavity 43, thus meeting the lubrication requirements of the piston head 1.

[0087] The piston ring 21 adopts a thickened design, that is, the thickness of piston ring 21 is 1.5 to 2 times thicker than the existing piston ring. This greatly improves the heat conduction of the contact surface between piston ring 21 and cylinder wall, avoiding high temperature at the piston head. At the same time, combined with the structural design of piston ring groove 24, the combustion gas passes through a new U-shaped path or arc-shaped extended path composed of metered intake port 31, ring back and metered outlet port 32, which restricts flow, guides flow and reduces pressure and temperature. The combustion gas entering the ring land 2 has become more gentle, avoiding the violent scavenging of combustion gas when piston ring 21 is a traditional flat-mouth piston ring 6. The oil storage structure of the ring 2 can buffer more oil when the oil is drawn upward, delaying the upward movement of the oil from the ring 2 towards the compression ring groove 24. When the oil is blown downward, the buffered oil is released while causing turbulence. Together with the oil buffered at the bottom of the compression ring groove 24, this alleviates the "oil-deficient" state of the piston head and ensures the oil supply to compression rings 21 and 22. The oil storage structure's buffering and turbulence of the combustion gas and the release of oil are beneficial for the combustion gas to decelerate, cool, and depressurize, and improve the oil distribution amount, oil distribution speed, and uniformity of compression rings 21 and 22, thereby improving the smoothness of piston 1's operation.

[0088] Secondly, after being sealed by the sealing structures of gas ring groove 24 and gas ring 21, about 8%-10% of the gas flows downward into the ring bank 2. It is necessary to rely on gas ring 22 to continue to bear the pressure of the gas and achieve sealing again to block the gas from flowing downward, thus blocking less than 10% of the gas in the upper part of gas ring groove 25.

[0089] The combustion gas, after being blocked by the second gas ring 22, descends to the recessed annular land 3, where it becomes smoother. The recessed structure of the recessed annular land 3 and the lower outer tangent structure 72 of the second gas ring 22 increase the space of the recessed annular land 3, which is beneficial for the expansion and cooling of the descending combustion gas, and further reduces the flow rate of the combustion gas. At the same time, the recessed structure of the recessed annular land 3 and the lower outer tangent structure 72 of the second gas ring 22 help to buffer more engine oil, increase the amount and speed of oil adhesion to the second gas ring 22, and its torsional effect allows the engine oil to be more timely and evenly coated on the cylinder wall working surface when the piston 1 moves upward; when the piston 1 moves downward, it scrapes off excess engine oil from the cylinder wall, improving the oil distribution effect.

[0090] The gas gently blows the recessed ring land 3, which on the one hand blows the buffered oil into the oil ring cavity 43 and then returns it to the crankcase through the oil return hole 44; on the other hand, the gas ring 22 and the oil ring 23 evenly spread the oil buffered in the ring land 2, the recessed ring land 3 and the oil ring cavity 43 onto the cylinder wall working surface to ensure the smooth operation of the piston 1.

[0091] The combustion gas entering the concave ring lander 3 is then blocked by the oil ring 23. Finally, only a trace amount of combustion gas, about 0.01%, can reach the crankcase through the oil ring groove 26.

[0092] For example, if the second compression ring 22 uses a flat-mouth compression ring 6, its port is an open structure. A small amount of combustion gas is introduced into the recessed ring land 3 from the 6 o'clock or 0 o'clock position through the port of the flat-mouth compression ring 6, and then enters the oil ring cavity 43 from the 0 o'clock or 6 o'clock position through the scraper 41 port on the combined oil ring or the integrated oil ring port, blowing the oil in the oil ring cavity 43 back to the crankcase, completing one cycle of oil return and renewal process from the gap between the back of the first compression ring 21 and the bottom of the first compression ring groove 24 → ring land 2 → recessed ring land 3 → oil ring cavity 43 → oil return hole 44 → crankcase.

[0093] During the intake stroke, the engine oil is drawn upward once, and then blown downward three times by air, air-fuel mixture or fuel gas during the compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke.

[0094] The aforementioned structure of the first gas ring 21 further ensures that the ring retains sufficient expansion elastic space when blocking gas, while keeping the expansion and contraction ports in a continuous sealing state to achieve the blocking of combustion gas. At the same time, in conjunction with the U-shaped path or arc-shaped extended path formed by the first gas ring groove 24, it realizes the downward flow of a fixed amount of combustion gas, realizing the purging and driving away of the oil buffered in the ring land 2. In addition, when the piston 1 enters the intake stroke, it ensures that the original path is reversed to become the upward path of oil, so that the oil splashed or sprayed in the crankcase enters the oil ring cavity 43, the recessed ring land 3 and the ring land 2 through the oil return hole 44, realizing the process of oil circulation and buffer renewal at the piston head of the piston 1, ensuring the oil supply between the working surfaces of the first gas ring 21, the second gas ring 22 and the oil ring 23 and the cylinder wall.

[0095] This utility model combines the fully sealed structure of the first gas ring 21 with the fully sealed or open structure of the second gas ring 22, as well as various existing oil rings, to achieve a high degree of sealing of the combustion gas. The amount of combustion gas leaking downward into the crankcase is not affected by the wear and outward elasticity of the first gas ring 21, the second gas ring 22, and the oil ring 23. It can maintain a fixed flow of combustion gas and engine oil for a long time, and achieve a constant high cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber for a long time.

[0096] Under high cylinder pressure, a very small amount of oil introduced into the combustion chamber participates in combustion with the fuel, which is closest to complete combustion. This completely avoids the formation of carbon black and gum, and completely prevents the adhesion of carbon deposits on the piston head and crankcase. This eliminates the risk of cylinder scoring and crankshaft seizure caused by carbon deposits. The amount of gas leakage is controlled and reduced, and the oil buffered in the labyrinthine channel of the piston head is prevented from being excessively sheared due to high-temperature vaporization. This significantly extends the oil life, ensures the lubrication performance of the oil, and thus significantly increases the service life of piston 1, compression ring 21, compression ring 22 and oil ring 23.

[0097] The aforementioned sealing structure of the air ring is applicable to piston air compressors, piston refrigeration machines, piston-type lifting equipment, i.e., a piston air compressor or air compressor piston or piston refrigeration machine or refrigeration machine piston or piston-type lifting equipment or other equipment piston.

[0098] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0099] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A double-layer, three-ring composite, misaligned, fully sealed ring, comprising a gas ring (21), characterized in that, The air ring (21) includes an upper top ring (11), a lower inner ring (15), and a lower outer ring (16). Each of the upper top ring (11), lower inner ring (15), and lower outer ring (16) has an elastic opening. The outer diameter of the lower inner ring (15) matches the inner diameter of the lower outer ring (16). The lower inner ring (15) is fitted inside the lower outer ring (16), and a latch (17) is provided on the back (19) of the lower outer ring (16). The open end of the lower inner ring (15) engages with the latch (17). The elastic opening of the upper top ring (11) is split at both ends... The upper ring (11) has a narrow tongue end (12) and a wide tongue end (13). The narrow tongue end (12) and the wide tongue end (13) can be fitted together and sealed. The bottom surface of the upper ring (11) is provided with a second tenon (14). The opening end of the lower inner ring (15) is also engaged with the second tenon (14). The upper ring (11), the lower inner ring (15), and the lower outer ring (16) are stacked on top of each other. The port of the lower inner ring (15) and the port of the lower outer ring (16) are staggered. The opening of the upper ring (11) and the port of the lower outer ring (16) are staggered, forming a double-layer fully sealed air ring.

2. The double-layer three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a piston (1), the upper part of which is the piston head and the lower part of which is the piston skirt. The piston (1) is installed in the cylinder. The upper part of the piston head is the combustion chamber and the lower part of the piston skirt is the crankcase. The outer circumferential surface of the piston head is provided with a first gas ring groove (24), a second gas ring groove (25), and an oil ring groove (26) from top to bottom. The first gas ring groove (24), the second gas ring groove (25), and the oil ring groove (26) are respectively fitted with a first gas ring (21), a second gas ring (22), and an oil ring (23).

3. The double-layer three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the first gas ring groove (24) is the top bank (4), the space between the first gas ring groove (24) and the second gas ring groove (25) is the ring bank (2), and the space between the second gas ring groove (25) and the oil ring groove (26) is the recessed ring bank (3).

4. The double-layer three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring according to claim 3, characterized in that, A row of oil storage holes (51) is arranged at the same radial spacing in the middle of the outer perimeter of the ring bank (2). A row of oil storage holes (52) is arranged at the same radial spacing in the lower part of the ring bank (2) near the gas ring groove (25). Each of the oil storage holes (51) and each of the oil storage holes (52) are arranged in an alternating position.

5. A double-layer three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper side of the air ring groove (24) is provided with a metered air inlet hole (31), and the lower side of the air ring groove (24) is provided with a metered air outlet hole (32). The metered air inlet hole (31) and the metered air outlet hole (32) are connected to the bottom of the air ring groove (24).

6. A double-layer three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The combustion chamber is provided with a valve intake surface (61) and a valve exhaust surface (62) at the top. The position of the top circular surface of the piston (1) perpendicular to the middle of the valve intake surface (61) is set at 6 o'clock, and the position of the top circular surface of the piston (1) perpendicular to the middle of the valve exhaust surface (62) is set at 0 o'clock.

7. A double-layer three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring according to claim 5, characterized in that, The quantitative air inlet hole (31) is located at any position between 9 o'clock and 0 o'clock or between 0 o'clock and 3 o'clock on the upper side of the air ring groove (24).

8. A double-layer three-ring combined misaligned fully sealed ring according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first quantitative air inlet (31) is located at the 9 o'clock, 0 o'clock, or 3 o'clock position on the upper side of the first air ring groove (24), and the first quantitative air outlet (32) is located at the 0 o'clock or 6 o'clock position on the lower side of the first air ring groove (24).

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