A transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot

Abstract

This utility model discloses a transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot, relating to the field of photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment technology. It includes a frame, a drive assembly, and a driven assembly. Through the cooperation of a single motor and a gear set, it achieves mechanical linkage between walking and cleaning, significantly reducing cost and power consumption, and ensuring precise matching between walking speed and brush roller speed for thorough cleaning. The transmission assembly automatically slips and cuts off power when the brush roller jams, effectively protecting the motor and transmission system while maintaining the walking function unaffected. The robot can continuously move to escape obstacles. The unidirectional transmission characteristic of this component allows the brush roller to automatically disengage when the robot resets, avoiding idle wear and achieving energy saving. The overall structure combines the advantages of high efficiency, reliability, and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment technology, specifically a transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of photovoltaic power generation technology, the cleaning and maintenance of photovoltaic panel surfaces has become a crucial aspect of ensuring power generation efficiency. Dust, bird droppings, snow, and other contaminants significantly reduce the light transmittance and conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels, making regular cleaning essential. Photovoltaic panel cleaning robots, as automated cleaning equipment, are widely used due to their high efficiency and labor-saving characteristics. Currently, the transmission solutions for photovoltaic panel cleaning robots on the market mainly fall into two categories:

[0003] The first type is the independent motor drive mode, in which the cleaning roller brush and the moving walking mechanism are driven by independent motors. Although the control logic of this solution is relatively straightforward, it leads to problems such as high cost, high system power consumption, complex control circuit and reduced reliability.

[0004] The second type is the single-motor drive mode, which is a mechanical linkage mode that uses a single motor to drive both walking and cleaning through a mechanical structure. Although this reduces costs and power consumption, it generally lacks an effective overload protection mechanism. When the cleaning brush roller encounters stubborn dirt and gets stuck, the huge resistance will be directly transmitted to the entire transmission chain, which can easily cause the drive motor to stall and burn out, or damage transmission components such as gears, resulting in poor equipment reliability. Utility Model Content

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot, which solves the aforementioned problems.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot, comprising a frame, wherein a driving component and a driven component are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the frame, and the driving component and the driven component are connected by a transmission shaft.

[0009] The drive assembly includes a transmission chamber, inside which a gear set is installed. The gear set has two drive shafts. One drive shaft is connected to the walking wheel via a first synchronous pulley set, and the other drive shaft is connected to the transmission assembly. The transmission assembly includes an outer ring and an inner ring. The inner ring has a groove inside that fits with a wedge-shaped block. One end of the wedge-shaped block extends out of the groove, and the other end of the wedge-shaped block is connected to the inner wall of the groove via a spring. The inner wall of the outer ring has a wedge-shaped groove that fits with the outer side of the wedge-shaped block. The inner ring is connected to the gear set, and the outer ring is connected to the brush roller drive shaft via a second synchronous pulley set.

[0010] Preferably, the gear set includes a small gear 1, a driving gear for the travel wheel, a large gear 1, a small gear 2, and a large gear 2. The small gear 1 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, which is fixed inside the frame. The outer wall of the small gear 1 meshes with the large gear 1. The large gear 1 and the small gear 2 are coaxially driven and connected to the inner ring at the end of the rotating shaft of the large gear 1 and the small gear 2. The outer wall of the small gear 2 meshes with the large gear 2, and the bottom of the large gear 2 meshes with the driving gear for the travel wheel. The driving gear for the travel wheel is connected to the travel wheel through a synchronous gear set 1.

[0011] Preferably, the gear set further includes a transmission gear that meshes with the large gear and is connected to the transmission shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the left and right sides of the frame is provided with support plates, and the bottom of the support plates is connected with anti-detachment wheels.

[0013] Preferably, support arm one and support arm two are fixed on the left and right sides of the rear end of the frame, respectively. The opposite surfaces of support arm one and support arm two are respectively provided with a brush roller drive shaft and a brush roller driven shaft, and the synchronous wheel set two is disposed inside support arm one.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom inner end of the frame is provided with a through hole for the drive shaft to pass through.

[0015] Preferably, a sealing ring is provided at the top of the frame, and the top of the frame is sealed by a cover plate.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0017] This utility model provides a transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. By adopting a single motor drive and intelligently distributing the power into two paths through an optimized gear set, one path drives the walking wheel and the other path drives the cleaning brush roller through the transmission component, a natural mechanical linkage between the cleaning action and the movement transmission is achieved. This not only eliminates a motor and related control system, significantly reducing manufacturing costs and overall power consumption, but also fundamentally ensures the best match between the rotation speed of the brush roller and the robot's travel speed, ensuring a stable and thorough cleaning effect.

[0019] 2. By setting up a transmission component consisting of an outer ring, an inner ring, a wedge block, and a spring, this component acts as an intelligent clutch. It can efficiently transmit torque when the brush roller is working normally. When the brush roller jams, it can immediately and automatically slip, cutting off the power to the brush roller, effectively preventing the drive motor from stalling and the gear set from being damaged. When the brush roller stops rotating due to overload protection, the power interruption is limited to the cleaning function branch. The power of the drive motor can still smoothly drive all the walking wheels through the gear set, allowing the robot to continue moving and autonomously escape from the obstacle area. In addition, the unidirectional transmission characteristic of the transmission component means that when the robot resets or moves in the opposite direction, the brush roller drive system will automatically disengage from the power source, avoiding the brush roller being dragged and spinning idly, reducing unnecessary friction and wear and energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the internal structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a top view of the internal structure of the drive component in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front view of the anti-detachment wheel structure in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view of the internal structure of the driven component in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a side view of the internal structure of the transmission component in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a side view of the outer ring structure in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a side view of the internal structure of the inner ring of this utility model.

[0028] In the diagram: Frame-1, Drive assembly-2, Driven assembly-3, Cover plate-4, Drive shaft-5;

[0029] Transmission chamber-21, pinion gear 1-22, walking wheel drive gear-23, large gear 1-24, pinion gear 2-25, large gear 2-26, transmission assembly-27, synchronous pulley set 1-28, walking wheel-29, synchronous pulley set 2-210, support arm 1-211, brush roller drive shaft-212, transmission gear-213, support plate-214, anti-detachment wheel-215, drive motor-216, support arm 2-217, brush roller driven shaft-218;

[0030] Outer ring-271, inner ring-272, slide groove-273, wedge block-274, spring-275, wedge groove-276. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] Please see Figure 1-8 This utility model provides a transmission mechanism technical solution for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot: a transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot includes a frame 1, a driving component 2 and a driven component 3 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the frame 1, and the driving component 2 and the driven component 3 are connected by a transmission shaft 5.

[0033] The drive assembly 2 includes a transmission chamber 21, inside which a gear set is provided. The gear set has two drive shafts. One drive shaft is connected to the walking wheel 29 via a synchronous pulley set 28. The other drive shaft is connected to the transmission assembly 27. The transmission assembly 27 includes an outer ring 271 and an inner ring 272. The inner ring 272 has a groove 273 that fits with the wedge block 274. One end of the wedge block 274 extends out of the groove 273. The other end of the wedge block 274 is connected to the inner wall of the groove 273 via a spring 275. The inner wall of the outer ring 271 has a wedge groove 276 that fits with the outer side of the wedge block 274. The inner ring 272 is connected to the gear set. The outer ring 271 is connected to the brush roller drive shaft 212 via a synchronous pulley set 210.

[0034] The outer end of the wedge block 274 has a cam profile. When the photovoltaic panel cleaning robot moves forward, i.e., towards the brush roller, the gear set drives the inner ring 272 to rotate. The wedge block 274 is tightly wedged between the inner ring 272 and the outer ring 271, thereby efficiently transmitting torque from the inner ring 272 to the outer ring 271. The outer ring 271 drives the brush roller drive shaft 212 to rotate synchronously through the second synchronous pulley set 210, thus performing the cleaning operation.

[0035] When the cleaning brush roller is forcibly stopped due to an obstacle, causing the outer ring 271 connected to the brush roller to suddenly drop to zero or extremely low speed, the still rotating inner ring 272 attempts to push the wedge block 274 in and tighten it. However, since the outer ring 271 cannot rotate, the wedge block 274 cannot establish an effective tightening point. Instead, it overcomes the force of the spring 275 and is pushed back to the spacious part of the groove 273, sliding on the inner wall of the outer ring 271. This causes the inner ring 272 to spin freely, and the power transmission is automatically cut off.

[0036] The gear set includes a pinion 22, a drive gear 23, a large gear 24, a second pinion 25, and a second large gear 26. The pinion 22 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 216, which is fixed inside the frame 1. The outer wall of the pinion 22 meshes with the large gear 24. The large gear 24 and the second pinion 25 are coaxially driven, and the rotating shaft ends of the large gear 24 and the second pinion 25 are connected to the inner ring 272. The outer wall of the second pinion 25 meshes with the second large gear 26, and the bottom of the second large gear 26 meshes with the drive gear 23. The drive gear 23 is connected to the drive wheel 29 through the synchronous gear set 28.

[0037] The rotating shafts connecting the driving gear 23 of the walking wheel and the pinion 25 are the two drive shafts of the gear set;

[0038] The gear set also includes a transmission gear 213, which meshes with the large gear 26, and the transmission gear 213 is connected to the transmission shaft 5.

[0039] Power is transmitted from the large gear 26 on the side of the drive component 2 to the drive shaft 5 through the transmission gear 213, thereby driving the driven component 3 and realizing synchronous driving on the left and right sides of the robot. This ensures that the robot will not deviate when walking on the photovoltaic panel, and at the same time, the cleaning brush rollers on both sides are subjected to uniform force, improving the consistency of cleaning effect and the stability of robot operation.

[0040] The top of the left and right sides of the frame 1 is also provided with support plates 214, and the bottom of the support plates 214 is connected with anti-detachment wheels 215. The anti-detachment wheels 215 can clamp the edge of the photovoltaic panel from above when the robot is working, which can effectively prevent the robot from slipping on the inclined photovoltaic panel surface due to accident, and significantly improve the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0041] Support arm 1 211 and support arm 217 are fixed on the left and right sides of the rear end of frame 1, respectively. The brush roller drive shaft 212 and the brush roller driven shaft 218 are respectively provided on the opposite surfaces of support arm 1 211 and support arm 217. Synchronous pulley set 210 is located inside support arm 1 211.

[0042] The bottom interior of frame 1 has a through hole for the drive shaft 5 to pass through, providing a precise positioning and support point for the drive shaft 5 and ensuring the relative positional accuracy between the drive shaft 5 and frame 1.

[0043] A sealing ring is provided on the top of the frame 1, and the top of the frame 1 is sealed by the cover plate 4. The cover plate 4 provides a sealed working environment for the drive component 2 and gear set inside the frame 1. This can effectively isolate common pollutants such as dust and water vapor in the photovoltaic panel cleaning scenario, prevent internal parts from rusting and wearing, and greatly extend the service life of the transmission mechanism.

[0044] Driven component 3 is a symmetrical and simplified unit of drive component 2. Driven component 3 is connected to drive gear 213 in drive component 2 via drive shaft 5, receives power from drive side, and transmits it to the walking wheel 29 on one side of driven component 3 via synchronous pulley.

[0045] The working principle and process of this utility model are as follows:

[0046] In the initial state, the entire robot is placed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the anti-detachment wheels 215 on both sides clamp the edge of the photovoltaic panel from above under the action of springs or its own weight, which plays a safety protection role.

[0047] 1. Power starting and transmission:

[0048] The drive motor 216, fixed inside the frame 1, is started. Its output shaft drives the pinion gear 22 to rotate. The pinion gear 22 drives the large gear 24 meshing with it to perform a first-stage reduction, thereby obtaining greater torque. The pinion gear 25, coaxial with the large gear 24, rotates accordingly, and the power is divided into two paths:

[0049] The first path, walking drive: the small gear 25 drives the large gear 26 meshing with it for two-stage reduction. The large gear 26 drives the walking wheel drive gear 23 at its bottom to rotate. The walking wheel drive gear 23 transmits power to the walking wheel 29 on the same side through the synchronous gear set 28, driving the robot forward. On the other hand, the large gear 26 drives the transmission gear 213 meshing with it to rotate. The transmission gear 213 transmits power to the driven component 3 through the transmission shaft 5, driving the gear system in the driven component 3 and the walking wheel 29 on the other side, thereby realizing the synchronous drive of the walking wheels on the left and right sides of the robot, ensuring straight walking and avoiding deviation.

[0050] The second path is the cleaning brush roller drive: the rotating shaft coaxial with the large gear 24 and the small gear 25 serves as another drive shaft, transmitting power to the inner ring 272 of the transmission assembly 27.

[0051] 2. Normal cleaning operations:

[0052] When the robot moves forward to clean, the inner ring 272 of the transmission assembly 27 rotates in the cleaning drive direction that matches the robot's forward direction. Under the combined action of friction and the preload of the spring 275, the wedge block 274 is tightly wedged between the inner ring 272 and the outer ring 271, thereby efficiently transmitting torque from the inner ring 272 to the outer ring 271. The outer ring 271 drives the brush roller drive shaft 212 to rotate through the synchronous wheel set 210 set in the support arm 211, thereby driving the cleaning brush roller to rotate at high speed to complete the cleaning work. The other end of the brush roller is supported by the brush roller driven shaft 218 on the support arm 217 to ensure smooth operation.

[0053] 3. Overload protection against brush roller jamming:

[0054] When the cleaning brush roller encounters a hard obstacle and suddenly jams, such as bird droppings or stones, the outer ring 271, which is connected to the brush roller drive shaft 212 through the synchronous gear set 210, is forced to stop or its speed drops sharply. At this time, the inner ring 272 continues to rotate under the drive of the gear set. Since the outer ring 271 cannot rotate, the wedge block 274 cannot establish an effective wedge point. The rotating inner ring 272 will force the wedge block 274 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 275 and retract into the spacious part of its groove 273, and continue to slide on the inner wall of the stationary outer ring 271. This process causes the inner ring 272 to slip relative to the outer ring 271, automatically cutting off the power chain to the brush roller.

[0055] This avoids damage to the drive motor 216 due to sudden load increase, and also prevents transmission components such as gear sets from breaking or wearing due to overload. The power interruption is limited to the cleaning function branch. The power of the drive motor 216 can still drive all the walking wheels 29 through the first transmission chain, enabling the robot to continue moving, get out of the obstacle area, and ensure the continuity of work.

[0056] 4. Reset or reverse movement:

[0057] When the robot needs to reset and retreat, or when the drive motor 216 stops or reverses, the inner ring 272 stops or rotates in the opposite direction. Due to the unidirectional transmission characteristic of the wedge block 274, it cannot transmit torque to the outer ring 271 under this condition. Therefore, the brush roller system automatically disengages from the drive source and remains stationary, thereby avoiding unnecessary idling of the brush roller during non-cleaning movements and reducing wear and energy loss.

[0058] Power is distributed through a sophisticated gear set, and the intelligent coupling and disengagement of the cleaning function are achieved using a unique transmission component 27, combining the advantages of high-efficiency drive, overload protection, and energy saving. The entire frame 1 is sealed by a cover plate 4 with a sealing ring, effectively preventing dust and water damage and ensuring the reliability of the transmission mechanism for long-term operation in harsh outdoor environments.

[0059] The control method of this utility model is to control the device by manually starting and stopping the switch. The wiring diagram of the power element and the supply of power are common knowledge in the field. Since this utility model is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, the control method and wiring layout will not be explained in detail.

[0060] The control method of this utility model is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art. The power supply is also common knowledge in the field. Since this utility model is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot, comprising a frame (1), wherein a drive component (2) and a driven component (3) are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the frame (1), and the drive component (2) and the driven component (3) are connected by a transmission shaft (5). characterized in that The drive assembly (2) includes a transmission chamber (21), inside which a gear set is provided. The gear set has two drive shafts. One drive shaft is connected to the walking wheel (29) via a synchronous pulley set (28), and the other drive shaft is connected to the transmission assembly (27). The transmission assembly (27) includes an outer ring (271) and an inner ring (272). The inner ring (272) has a groove (2) inside that fits against the wedge block (274). 73), one end of the wedge block (274) extends out of the slide groove (273), and the other end of the wedge block (274) is connected to the inner wall of the slide groove (273) by a spring (275). The inner wall of the outer ring (271) is provided with a wedge groove (276) that matches the outer side of the wedge block (274). The inner ring (272) is connected to the gear set by a drive. The outer ring (271) is connected to the brush roller drive shaft (212) by a synchronous pulley set two (210).

2. A transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear set includes a small gear (22), a walking wheel drive gear (23), a large gear (24), a small gear (25), and a large gear (26). The small gear (22) is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (216), which is fixed inside the frame (1). The outer wall of the small gear (22) meshes with the large gear (24). The large gear (24) and the small gear (25) are coaxially driven and connected to the inner ring (272) at the end of the rotating shaft of the large gear (24) and the small gear (25). The outer wall of the small gear (25) meshes with the large gear (26), and the bottom of the large gear (26) meshes with the walking wheel drive gear (23). The walking wheel drive gear (23) is connected to the walking wheel (29) through a synchronous gear set (28).

3. The transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear set also includes a transmission gear (213), which meshes with the large gear (26) and is connected to the transmission shaft (5).

4. The transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the left and right sides of the frame (1) is also provided with support plates (214), and the bottom of the support plates (214) is connected with anti-detachment wheels (215).

5. The transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: Support arm one (211) and support arm two (217) are fixed on the left and right sides of the rear end of the frame (1), respectively. The opposing surfaces of support arm one (211) and support arm two (217) are respectively provided with brush roller drive shaft (212) and brush roller driven shaft (218), and synchronous wheel set two (210) is set in support arm one (211).

6. The transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) has a through hole at its inner bottom for the transmission shaft (5) to pass through.

7. The transmission mechanism for a photovoltaic panel cleaning robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the frame (1) is provided with a sealing ring, and the top of the frame (1) is sealed by a cover plate (4).

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