A swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion

Abstract

This invention provides a swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion, comprising: an inlet swirl premixing channel and a catalytic zoned combustion chamber, the bottom of which is connected to the inlet swirl premixing channel; the inlet swirl premixing channel includes a bottom premixing chamber, an upper premixing chamber, and a premixing chamber top cover, the bottom of which is connected to the bottom premixing chamber, and the top of which is connected to the premixing chamber top cover; the upper premixing chamber provides tangential momentum for the axial premixed airflow, forming a rotating airflow and generating a recirculation zone within the catalytic zoned combustion chamber; the catalytic zoned combustion chamber includes a combustion chamber, a multi-functional channel assembly, and a top shrinkage cover, the top shrinkage cover being disposed at the top of the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber is formed by a combustion chamber sealing baffle and a combustion chamber side baffle, the multi-functional channel assembly being disposed on the combustion chamber side baffle. This achieves low NO levels through zoned combustion and catalytic combustion. x The combustion chamber structure of the combustion technology improves combustion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of burner technology, specifically to a swirl burner that combines zoned combustion and catalytic combustion. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the economy and society, human demand for energy is constantly increasing. The large-scale utilization of energy has significantly improved people's living standards, but this has also led to the emission of large amounts of greenhouse gases, which has seriously impacted people's quality of life. To alleviate the severe situation of energy utilization and environmental pollution, it is necessary to actively seek clean fuels to replace traditional fossil fuels. Ammonia, as a carbon-free, hydrogen-rich clean fuel, does not contain carbon in its combustion products, thus meeting the requirements for clean combustion. However, due to the presence of nitrogen in ammonia, a large amount of NO will be produced during combustion. x This limits the practical application of ammonia.

[0003] Partitioned combustion is a widely used low-NOx method in the combustion and utilization of ammonia. x The combustion organization method involves dividing the combustion chamber into a main combustion zone and a secondary combustion zone. In the main combustion zone, a rich combustion condition is set up, a reducing atmosphere is created, and NO is avoided. x The process involves introducing secondary air into the reburning zone to promote further oxidation of unburned fuel and intermediate products, thereby improving combustion efficiency.

[0004] Currently, various structures have been proposed for zoned combustion organization, including fuel zoning and zone-based systems. The combustion chamber structure under different zoning forms is relatively fixed, and zoning parameters cannot be flexibly changed. However, during zoned combustion, the position, angle, and flow rate of the secondary airflow inlet directly affect the zoning combustion effect. Therefore, it is necessary to design a reasonable zoned combustion structure to allow for flexible changes in zoning parameters and to further explore the impact of secondary airflow inlet parameters on overall combustion performance.

[0005] Catalysis is an important method in energy-efficient conversion processes and is currently widely used in the removal of pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs). High-performance catalysts can significantly reduce the activation energy of reactions, thus lowering the reaction temperature compared to homogeneous combustion and reducing the thermal NO content. x The catalyst accelerates elementary reactions that produce different products at different rates, resulting in a certain selectivity in the combustion products. This can be achieved through proper regulation to promote the conversion of NO to the final product N2. This effectively solves the problem of high NO levels during ammonia combustion. x Emissions issues.

[0006] Currently, research on catalytic combustion is mostly conducted as an independent field, such as catalysis studies in low-speed flow tubes. This deviates significantly from real-world catalytic scenarios, leading to suboptimal catalytic performance in practical applications. Swirling flames are a commonly used combustion method that can improve the stable combustion performance of ammonia. By utilizing catalytic processes within an ammonia swirling flame, NO2 levels can be reduced. x Emissions. To clarify the catalytic mechanism in the swirl combustion process, a swirl combustion chamber capable of coupling the catalytic process needs to be designed. Furthermore, adding zoned air in the swirl premixed flame can further reduce NO. x Emissions. However, current secondary air intake methods are relatively simple, mostly vertically fixed to the wall, lacking flexibility in terms of angle, position, and function. For example, the presence or absence of secondary air and temperature measurement require modification or even replacement of the combustion chamber as needed. Therefore, to improve the utilization efficiency of the combustion chamber, the secondary air intake channel needs to be rationally designed to suit different scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, embodiments of this specification provide a swirl burner that combines zoned combustion and catalytic combustion to achieve high NO content in ammonia / ammonia-blended fuel combustion. x Emissions issues will be addressed through two low-NOx combustion methods: zoned combustion and catalytic combustion. x The combustion chamber structure, which combines combustion technology, works in conjunction with the intake swirl channel to form a complete low-carbon fuel premixed swirl burner.

[0008] The embodiments in this specification provide the following technical solutions: A swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion, comprising: The intake swirl premixing channel is connected to the catalytic zone combustion chamber, and the bottom of the catalytic zone combustion chamber is connected to the intake swirl premixing channel; The intake swirl premixing channel includes a bottom premixing chamber, an upper premixing chamber, and a premixing chamber top cover. The bottom of the upper premixing chamber is connected to the bottom premixing chamber, and the top of the upper premixing chamber is connected to the premixing chamber top cover. The upper premixing chamber is used to provide tangential momentum for the axial premixed gas flow, forming a rotating gas flow and generating a recirculation zone in the catalytic zone combustion chamber; The catalytic zone combustion chamber includes a combustion chamber, a multi-functional channel assembly, and a top shrinkage cover, which is located at the top of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is formed by a combustion chamber sealing baffle and a combustion chamber side baffle, and the multi-functional channel assembly is set on the combustion chamber side baffle.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper premixing chamber includes a flow equalization column, a cyclone separator, and a cyclone separator sealing gasket; The bottom premixing chamber includes a sintering plate, which is located at the upper outlet of the bottom premixing chamber; The hydrocyclone is located at the outlet of the upper premixing chamber and abuts against the upper premixing chamber and the top cover of the premixing chamber, respectively; The flow equalization column is placed between the sintering plate and the hydrocyclone.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom premixing cavity also includes a premixed airflow inlet, a sintered plate sealing gasket, a through hole below the bottom premixing cavity, and a through hole above the bottom premixing cavity; The premixed airflow inlet is welded to the bottom premixing chamber; The hydrocyclone sealing gaskets are respectively installed at the contact part between the hydrocyclone and the upper premixing chamber and at the contact part between the hydrocyclone and the top cover of the premixing chamber; The bottom premixing chamber is connected to the experimental platform through a through-hole at the bottom of the bottom premixing chamber; The bottom premix chamber is connected to the upper premix chamber through a through hole at the top of the bottom premix chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the multi-functional channel assembly includes a multi-functional channel and replaceable bolts; The multi-functional channel is fixed to the surface of the combustion chamber side baffle. The inner wall of the multi-functional channel is provided with internal threads, and replaceable bolts are connected to the multi-functional channel through the internal threads. Replaceable bolts include an intake bolt, a temperature measuring bolt, and a sealing bolt. The intake bolt is used to allow airflow, the temperature measuring bolt is used to measure the temperature distribution inside the combustion chamber, and the sealing bolt is used to seal the multi-functional passage.

[0012] Furthermore, an air intake channel is provided in the center of the air intake bolt, and the air intake channel is connected to the multi-functional channel; The angle between the intake bolt and the combustion chamber side baffle is 5 to 90 degrees.

[0013] Furthermore, a thermocouple is installed on the temperature measuring bolt.

[0014] Furthermore, the sealing bolt is a closed bolt, and the sealing bolt fits tightly with the multi-functional channel.

[0015] Furthermore, the swirl burner also includes a catalytic porous plate, which is disposed in the combustion chamber and includes a catalytic porous plate fixing cavity and / or catalytic porous plate fixing bolts; The catalytic porous plate is adjustablely fixed to the combustion chamber side baffle via the catalytic porous plate fixing cavity and / or catalytic porous plate fixing bolts.

[0016] Furthermore, the thickness of the catalytic porous plate is adjustable.

[0017] Furthermore, the combustion chamber side baffle includes an ignition hole, a combustion chamber fixing threaded hole, and a combustion chamber sealing groove; The ignition port is located on the side baffle of the combustion chamber and serves as the channel through which the ignition gun extends. The combustion chamber sealing baffle and the combustion chamber side baffle are fixed by the combustion chamber fixing threaded holes; The combustion chamber sealing groove is set on the side wall of the combustion chamber side baffle, and the combustion chamber sealing groove is filled with sealing strips.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that at least one technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this specification can achieve include at least: High NO content in ammonia / ammonia-blended fuel combustion x Emissions issues will be addressed through two low-NOx combustion methods: zoned combustion and catalytic combustion. x The combustion chamber structure combines combustion technology with an intake swirl channel to form a complete low-carbon fuel premixed swirl burner. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the swirl burner according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the premixing chamber of the swirl burner according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the combustion chamber side baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the multifunctional channel according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the bolt portion of the multifunctional channel in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 6 These are cross-sectional views of three types of bolts according to embodiments of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the top retractable cover of an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the catalytic combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the hydrocyclone according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a variable-angle multifunctional channel according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention using a concave cavity to fix a time-varying angle multifunctional channel; Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of a time-varying angle multifunctional channel fixed with bolts in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the swirl burner during combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure reference numerals: 1. Bottom premixing chamber; 11. Mixed flow inlet; 12. Sintering plate; 121. Sintering plate sealing gasket; 13. Lower through hole of the bottom premixing chamber; 14. Upper through hole of the bottom premixing chamber; 2. Upper premixing chamber; 21. Flow equalization column; 22. Hydrocyclone; 221. Hydrocyclone sealing gasket; 23. Lower through hole of the upper premixing chamber; 24. Upper through hole of the upper premixing chamber; 3. Top cover of the premixing chamber; 31. Threaded hole for fixing the top cover of the premixing chamber; 2. Premix chamber top cover groove; 4. Combustion chamber sealing baffle; 41. Combustion chamber fixing through hole; 5. Combustion chamber side baffle; 51. Ignition hole; 52. Combustion chamber fixing threaded hole; 53. Combustion chamber sealing groove; 6. Multifunctional channel; 61. Inlet bolt; 62. Temperature measuring bolt; 63. Sealing bolt; 7. Top shrink cap; 71. Shrink cap groove; 8. Catalytic perforated plate; 81. Catalytic perforated plate fixing cavity; 82. Catalytic perforated plate fixing bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion consists of two parts: an intake swirl premixing channel and a catalytic zoned combustion chamber.

[0025] The inlet swirl premixing channel includes: a bottom premixing chamber 1, an upper premixing chamber 2, and a premixing chamber top cover 3. The catalytic zone combustion chamber includes: a combustion chamber sealing baffle 4, a combustion chamber side baffle 5, a multi-functional channel 6, a top shrinkage cover 7, and a catalytic porous plate 8.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the bottom premixing chamber 1 includes: a premixed gas flow inlet 11, a sintering plate 12, a sintering plate sealing gasket 121, a lower through hole 13 of the bottom premixing chamber, and an upper through hole 14 of the bottom premixing chamber. The bottom premixing chamber 1 is used to perform preliminary mixing of the incoming flow, that is, to provide an inlet channel for fuel gas and air, and to uniformly mix the two.

[0027] The premixed gas inlet 11 is connected to the bottom premixing chamber 1 by welding, serving as the intake channel for fuel and oxidant. The premixed gas inlet 11 is a stainless steel pipe of a certain length and standard diameter, which is connected to the bottom premixing chamber 1 by welding, providing an intake channel for fuel gas and air.

[0028] The sintering plate 12 is positioned above the outlet of the bottom premixing chamber 1 to uniformly mix the incoming flow from below. The sintering plate 12 has a porous structure and is positioned above the outlet of the bottom premixing chamber 1, which can further uniformly mix the fuel and air flow, so that the combustion chamber maintains a premixed combustion state.

[0029] A sintered plate sealing gasket 121 is disposed above and below the sintered plate 12 for sealing between the bottom premixing chamber 1 and the upper premixing chamber 2. The sintered plate sealing gasket 121 is made of graphite material, possessing certain elasticity and sealing performance. Distributed above and below the sintered plate 12, after the bottom premixing chamber 1 and the upper premixing chamber 2 are connected, the gasket is deformed by compression to ensure that the graphite material fully fills the space, thus forming a seal between the bottom premixing chamber 1 and the upper premixing chamber 2.

[0030] The bottom premixing chamber 1 has a through hole 13 below it, which is composed of circumferentially evenly arranged through holes, and can fix the bottom premixing chamber 1 to the experimental platform. Through holes are machined at corresponding positions on the experimental platform, and bolts are used to fix the bottom premixing chamber 1 to the experimental platform.

[0031] The through hole 14 above the bottom premixing chamber is composed of through holes evenly arranged in the circumference and is used for the connection between the bottom premixing chamber 1 and the upper premixing chamber 2.

[0032] The upper premixing chamber 2 includes: a flow equalization column 21, a swirler 22, a swirler sealing gasket 221, a lower through-hole 23, and an upper through-hole 24. It is used to remix the incoming flow and to convert the axial incoming flow into a rotating airflow, providing tangential momentum to the axial premixed airflow, forming a rotating airflow, creating a recirculation zone in the combustion chamber, and improving combustion stability.

[0033] The flow equalization column 21 is made of solid stainless steel and is located between the sintering plate 12 and the cyclone separator 22. It is used to guide the premixed airflow into the cyclone channel and reduce airflow disturbance.

[0034] like Figure 9As shown, the cyclone separator 22 is positioned above the outlet of the upper premixing chamber 2, changing the airflow direction and giving the premixed incoming flow tangential momentum. This creates a low-speed swirling zone above the central solid area, improving the stable combustion capability of the flame and promoting mixing between the premixed incoming flow and the high-temperature exhaust gas, thus increasing combustion efficiency. The cyclone separator 22 and the flow equalization column 21 must be used together. The cyclone separator 22 is an axial cyclone separator, with airflow flowing from the periphery. The center is made of solid material, and swirling blades are radially connected around it to change the airflow direction, giving the premixed incoming flow tangential momentum. The flow equalization column 21, positioned between the sintering plate 12 and the cyclone separator 22, improves the stability of the airflow. The key design and fabrication of this structure is to ensure that its shape closely matches the solid portion of the cyclone separator 22, allowing the premixed gas flowing out of the sintering plate 12 to directly enter the swirling channel axially, preventing the premixed gas from impacting the central solid portion of the cyclone separator 22 before flowing out again. Compared to the case where the flow equalization column 21 is not set, the presence of the flow equalization column 21 can prevent the gas in the swirling channel from generating unnecessary radial momentum and improve the stability of flame combustion.

[0035] The hydrocyclone sealing gasket 221 is made of graphite material, possessing certain elasticity and sealing performance. It is positioned above and below the hydrocyclone 22 to seal the space between the upper premixing chamber 2 and the premixing chamber top cover 3. After the upper premixing chamber 2 is connected to the premixing chamber top cover 3, the graphite material is fully filled into the space through compression deformation, thus forming a seal between the upper premixing chamber 2 and the premixing chamber top cover 3.

[0036] The lower through hole 23 of the upper premixing chamber is composed of through holes evenly arranged in the circumference and is used for the connection between the bottom premixing chamber 1 and the upper premixing chamber 2.

[0037] The upper premixing chamber has a through hole 24, which is composed of circumferentially evenly arranged through holes. The position and diameter of the holes must match the upper through hole 14 of the lower premixing chamber. The lower premixing chamber 1 and the upper premixing chamber 2 are connected by bolts passing through the upper through hole 14 of the lower premixing chamber and the lower through hole 23 of the upper premixing chamber.

[0038] The premixing chamber top cover 3 includes: a premixing chamber top cover fixing threaded hole 31 and a premixing chamber top cover groove 32. The premixing chamber top cover 3 mainly provides a shrinkage outlet to prevent air at the outlet from flowing back into the combustion chamber.

[0039] The premix chamber top cover is fixed with threaded holes 31, which are composed of circumferentially evenly arranged threaded holes. These are through threaded holes, and their diameter and position match the through hole 24 above the upper premix chamber. The upper premix chamber 2 and the premix chamber top cover 3 are connected together by bolts from bottom to top.

[0040] The premixing chamber top cover groove 32 is a square groove with a certain width, used to house the combustion chamber. The width of the premixing chamber top cover groove 32 must match the combustion chamber sealing baffle 4 and the combustion chamber side baffle 5, with a certain gap remaining. Inside the groove, a graphite gasket can be installed as needed for sealing between the premixing chamber top cover 3 and the combustion chamber sealing baffle 4 and the combustion chamber side baffle 5.

[0041] The combustion chamber is mainly composed of a combustion chamber sealing baffle 4 and a combustion chamber side baffle 5, which are arranged in an alternating or orthogonal manner to form a combustion chamber structure with a square cross section.

[0042] The combustion chamber sealing baffle 4 is composed of a rectangular parallelepiped structure and serves as a sealing structure for the combustion space. It has combustion chamber fixing through holes 41 distributed on it.

[0043] The combustion chamber fixing through hole 41 is composed of regularly arranged through holes and is used for fixing the combustion chamber sealing baffle 4 and the combustion chamber side baffle 5.

[0044] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the combustion chamber side baffle 5 is composed of a rectangular parallelepiped structure and serves as a sealing structure for the combustion space. It has ignition holes 51, combustion chamber fixing threaded holes 52, and combustion chamber sealing grooves 53 distributed on it.

[0045] Ignition hole 51 is a threaded through hole located below the combustion chamber side baffle 5, providing a channel for the ignition gun to extend and ignite the flame. Before the experiment begins, the ignition gun is inserted through this hole to ignite the flame. After ignition, a bolt is used to seal the hole to prevent outside air from affecting the flame.

[0046] The combustion chamber fixing threaded holes 52 consist of regularly arranged threaded holes of a certain depth, mainly distributed on the combustion chamber side baffle 5, and their positional intervals must match the combustion chamber fixing through holes 41. Using bolts of suitable length, bolts are sequentially passed through the combustion chamber fixing through holes 41 and the combustion chamber fixing threaded holes 52 to fix the combustion chamber sealing baffle 4 and the combustion chamber side baffle 5.

[0047] The combustion chamber sealing groove 53 is arranged on the side of the combustion chamber side baffle 5 and distributed beside the combustion chamber fixing threaded hole 52, and is used to fill the sealing strip. After the combustion chamber sealing baffle 4 and the combustion chamber side baffle 5 are fixed, the sealing strip is squeezed and deformed by the tightening of the bolts, so as to isolate the airflow in the combustion chamber from the external ambient air.

[0048] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the multi-functional channel 6 is fixed to the outer surface of the combustion chamber side baffle 5 by welding. It has internal threads of a certain depth for connecting the intake bolt 61, temperature measuring bolt 62, or sealing bolt 63. This allows for flexible changes to accommodate secondary airflow, thermocouple temperature measurement, and sealing requirements.

[0049] The intake bolt 61 is used for secondary airflow in zoned combustion. It can be arranged vertically or inclined (e.g., at a 30° angle) to enhance the rotational momentum of the combustion flame and adjust the residence time of the airflow in the combustion chamber. The temperature measuring bolt 62 is used to mount thermocouples for measuring the temperature distribution within the combustion chamber. One side of the temperature measuring bolt 62 has an external thread structure, which can connect to the multi-functional channel. The other side of the temperature measuring bolt 62 is used to place a K-type thermocouple. Since the diameter of the thermocouple end is larger than the diameter of the internal channel of the temperature measuring bolt 62, this side has a 180° thin-walled structure. The large-diameter thermocouple end is placed inside this thin-walled structure and fixed with a clamp. The internal channel of the temperature measuring bolt 62 is mainly for the thermocouple wire to pass through; its diameter can be appropriately reduced to meet the requirements. The sealing bolt 63 is used to seal the multi-functional channel 6 to prevent outside air from entering.

[0050] That is, a single multi-functional channel 6 can be connected to an intake bolt 61, a temperature measuring bolt 62, or a sealing bolt 63 to achieve the functions of introducing secondary airflow, inserting thermocouples for temperature measurement, or sealing. By arranging multiple multi-functional channels 6 at different positions on the combustion chamber wall, multiple secondary airflows can enter at different positions, and multiple temperature measurement requirements can be met. In addition, depending on actual needs, different multi-functional channels 6 can be selectively connected to the intake bolt 61, the temperature measuring bolt 62, or the sealing bolt 63 to cope with different operating conditions without altering the main body of the combustion chamber.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, a top shrink-off cover 7 is arranged at the top of the burner. The top shrink-off cover 7 shrinks from a square structure to a circular structure from bottom to top, which is used to guide the airflow out and prevent external air from flowing back into the combustion chamber and affecting the combustion effect. A shrink-off cover groove 71 is arranged in the lower part of the top shrink-off cover 7.

[0052] The shrink-fit cover groove 71 is a square groove with a certain width, which is consistent with the width of the premix chamber top cover groove 32, and is used to set the combustion chamber.

[0053] Two combustion chamber sealing baffles 4 and two combustion chamber side baffles 5 are arranged alternately to form the combustion chamber side wall. The bottom wall of the combustion chamber is set in the groove 32 of the premixing chamber top cover, while the top wall of the combustion chamber is set in the groove 71 of the shrink cover.

[0054] like Figure 10The multi-functional channel 6, with three different angles—vertical to the wall, 30° to the right of the horizontal plane, and 30° upwards of the vertical plane—provides three different secondary airflow entry methods: vertically into the flame interior, 30° into the flame exterior, and 30° into the downstream of the flame. The axis of each multi-functional channel 6 is offset from the symmetry plane of the combustion chamber side baffle 5 by a certain distance. The multi-functional channel 6 vertical to the wall can form a "tangential combustion" mode, maintaining the airflow rotation characteristics and achieving stable combustion. Pointing to the right at 30° to the horizontal plane expands the "tangential" range and enhances the airflow mixing effect. Pointing upwards at 30° to the horizontal plane provides downstream flow momentum for the airflow, promoting faster removal of combustion exhaust gases from the combustion chamber. Furthermore, the entry position and angle can be adjusted according to different needs.

[0055] The intake bolt 61 is used for secondary airflow in zoned combustion systems. One side has an external thread structure for connection to a multi-functional channel. The other side is a smooth round tube that can be connected to a stainless steel tube via a clamp. The internal channel diameter can be modified as needed. With a fixed flow rate / volume, replacing the intake bolt 61 with one of different internal diameters can change the intake flow rate / velocity to adapt to different flow rates and operating conditions. The secondary airflow can be air, methane, ammonia, etc., creating an oxidizing or reducing atmosphere in the combustion chamber as needed, thereby achieving complete fuel combustion and reducing emissions.

[0056] Temperature sensing bolt 62 is used to mount thermocouples for measuring the temperature distribution within the combustion chamber. One side has an external thread structure, allowing connection to a multi-functional channel. The other side has a 180° thin-walled structure for mounting the temperature sensing end of a type K thermocouple and securing it with a clamp. The internal channel is primarily for the passage of thermocouple wires; its diameter can be appropriately reduced to meet specific requirements.

[0057] The sealing bolt 63 is a conventional bolt structure, and its diameter and length must match the multi-functional channel 6. When the combustion chamber does not require secondary air intake or temperature measurement, this bolt can be used to seal the multi-functional channel 6 to prevent outside air from entering.

[0058] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the catalytic porous plate 8, with catalytic function, is located inside the combustion chamber and selectively catalyzes the combustion exhaust gas, reducing incomplete combustion of fuels (such as ammonia) and lowering intermediate products (such as NO). x The generation of catalytic porous plates can be achieved using a foam ceramic structure, with porous channels within it allowing for normal gas flow. The foam ceramic can be made from materials with catalytic effects such as CuO and MnO; alternatively, it can be made from materials without catalytic effects such as SiC and Al2O3. Catalysts can be loaded onto these materials using methods such as impregnation, sol-gel, or flame synthesis to achieve catalytic functionality.

[0059] The catalytic porous plate fixing cavity 81 is arranged inside the combustion chamber side baffle 5 and is used to install the catalytic porous plate 8.

[0060] The catalytic porous plate is a foam ceramic structure and can be made using materials with catalytic effects such as CuO and MnO; alternatively, it can use materials without catalytic effects such as SiC and Al2O3 as the matrix. Catalysts are loaded onto the porous foam ceramic using catalyst preparation methods such as impregnation, sol-gel method, and flame synthesis. By using catalysts with different properties, incompletely burned methane and ammonia in combustion exhaust gases, as well as combustion intermediate products such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide, can be catalyzed to achieve complete combustion and emission reduction. The catalytic process can be adjusted by modifying the thickness and position of the catalytic porous plate 8. Figure 10 Two methods for fixing the porous catalytic converter plate 8 suitable for the combustion chamber of this patent are given, one of which can be fixed by a recessed cavity (e.g.) Figure 11 It can also be fixed by bolts (e.g.) Figure 12 ).

[0061] Catalytic porous plate fixing bolt 82 is used to set the catalytic porous plate 8.

[0062] like Figure 13 As shown in one embodiment of this invention, the operating condition is pure ammonia combustion, using air as the oxidant. 5.89 SLM of ammonia and 15.03 SLM of air enter the bottom premixing chamber 1 through the premixed gas inlet 11, and then pass through the sintering plate 12 into the upper premixing chamber 2, forming an ammonia / air premixed gas flow with an equivalence ratio of 1.4. The sintering plate 12 has a regular porous structure, which can promote the mixing of ammonia and air. As the gas flow enters the upper premixing chamber 2, the ammonia and air achieve uniform mixing. Then, after passing through the cyclone separator 22, the axially propagating gas flow gains radial momentum, forming a rotating gas flow that enters the combustion chamber to achieve a more stable combustion flame. In the initial ignition stage, a premixed gas flow of 2.53 SLM of methane and 26.72 SLM of air is used. The ignition gun ignites the methane / air flame through the ignition hole 51, and then gradually transitions to an ammonia / air flame. After ignition, the ignition gun is removed, and the ignition hole 51 is sealed.

[0063] In this embodiment, the front and rear sides of the combustion chamber are equipped with quartz glass windows for observing and recording the flame morphology. The left and right sides are stainless steel side baffles 5. Multifunctional channels 6 are arranged on the side baffles 5 from bottom to top, offset 10 mm from the symmetry plane of the side baffles 5 and distributed vertically to the wall. An air intake bolt 61 is connected to the multifunctional channel 6 at a height of 140 mm to allow for secondary air intake from both sides. Other multifunctional channels 6 are connected to sealing bolts 63 to form a sealed structure, preventing outside air from entering. The inner diameter of the air intake bolt 61 is 3 mm, the air intake velocity is 9.8 m / s, and the flow rate is 3.12 SLM. The secondary air intake from both sides improves the stability of the ammonia flame. Compared to the condition without secondary air, the supplementation of secondary air can increase the fuel-rich limit of the ammonia / air flame from 1.3 to 1.4. A 30 mm porous catalytic plate 8 is installed at the top of the combustion chamber, with a height of 235-265 mm. The substrate of the porous plate is ZrO2 foam ceramic with a porosity of 30 PPI, and CuO is loaded on it using an impregnation method. After the swirling flame is formed in the combustion chamber, it propagates upward and directly contacts the porous catalytic plate 8 to carry out the catalytic emission reduction process.

[0064] This invention combines air partitioning and catalytic conversion to create a fuel-rich flame in the main combustion zone, generating a reducing atmosphere and reducing NO formation. Excess air is introduced in the middle of the combustion chamber to create an oxidizing atmosphere, promoting complete fuel combustion. A porous catalytic plate 8 is arranged at the combustion chamber outlet to catalyze the exhaust gas, further reducing emissions. Experimental results show that partitioned air and catalytic conversion significantly reduce NO emissions from the ammonia / air flame and incomplete ammonia conversion. NO concentration at the combustion chamber outlet decreased from 780 ppm to 25 ppm, and NH3 concentration decreased from 325 ppm to 167 ppm.

[0065] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment: A secondary airflow inlet is installed outside the combustion chamber baffle to allow the introduction of secondary airflows (such as air, ammonia, and methane) at different positions, angles, velocities, flow rates, and types. This enhances the mixing effect of fuel and oxidant, and promotes the combustion of incomplete fuels (such as ammonia) and intermediate products (such as NO). xComplete combustion within the combustion chamber achieves emission reduction. Foamed ceramic structural material serves as the catalyst carrier, fixed within the combustion chamber. This ensures the catalyst's stable spatial position within the flame flow, providing a continuous catalytic effect. Furthermore, the porous structure of the foamed ceramic ensures smooth flow of the flame flow within the combustion chamber, preventing airflow blockage. Flexible catalyst arrangement achieves catalytic emission reduction during combustion. A multi-functional channel enables secondary air intake, temperature measurement, and sealing. The multi-functional channel can connect to an intake bolt for secondary air intake. By changing the inner diameter, direction, angle, and gas type (e.g., air, ammonia, methane) of the intake bolt, secondary airflows with different flow parameters and physicochemical properties can be introduced. The multi-functional channel can also connect to a temperature measuring bolt to fix a thermocouple for combustion temperature measurement. Finally, it can connect to a sealing bolt to fill the secondary airflow intake space, preventing external air from affecting the internal flow field of the combustion chamber.

[0066] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of its implementation. Therefore, any substitution of equivalent components or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of protection of this utility model patent should still fall within the scope of this patent. Furthermore, the technical features, technical features and technical solutions, and technical solutions in this utility model can be freely combined and used.

Claims

1. A swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion, characterized in that, include: The intake swirl premixing channel is connected to the catalytic zone combustion chamber, and the bottom of the catalytic zone combustion chamber is connected to the intake swirl premixing channel; The intake swirl premixing channel includes a bottom premixing chamber (1), an upper premixing chamber (2) and a premixing chamber top cover (3). The bottom of the upper premixing chamber (2) is connected to the bottom premixing chamber (1), and the top of the upper premixing chamber (2) is connected to the premixing chamber top cover (3). The upper premixing chamber (2) is used to provide tangential momentum for the axial premixed airflow, forming a rotating airflow and generating a recirculation zone in the catalytic partition combustion chamber; The catalytic zone combustion chamber includes a combustion chamber, a multi-functional channel assembly, and a top shrink-off cover (7), the top shrink-off cover (7) being disposed on the top of the combustion chamber; The combustion chamber is formed by a combustion chamber sealing baffle (4) and a combustion chamber side baffle (5), and the multi-functional channel assembly is disposed on the combustion chamber side baffle (5).

2. The swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper premixing chamber (2) includes a flow equalization column (21), a cyclone separator (22), and a cyclone separator sealing gasket (221). The bottom premixing chamber (1) includes a sintering plate (12), which is disposed at the upper outlet of the bottom premixing chamber (1); The cyclone separator (22) is located at the outlet of the upper premixing chamber (2) and abuts against the upper premixing chamber (2) and the top cover (3) of the premixing chamber respectively; The flow equalization column (21) is disposed between the sintering plate (12) and the cyclone separator (22).

3. The swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom premixing chamber (1) also includes a premixed airflow inlet (11), a sintering plate sealing gasket (121), a lower through hole (13) of the bottom premixing chamber, and an upper through hole (14) of the bottom premixing chamber. The premixed airflow inlet (11) is welded to the bottom premixed cavity (1); The hydrocyclone sealing gaskets (221) are respectively disposed at the contact portion between the hydrocyclone (22) and the upper premixing chamber (2) and at the contact portion between the hydrocyclone (22) and the top cover (3) of the premixing chamber; The bottom premixing chamber (1) is connected to the experimental platform through the through hole (13) below the bottom premixing chamber; The bottom premixing chamber (1) is connected to the upper premixing chamber (2) through the through hole (14) above the bottom premixing chamber.

4. The swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-functional channel assembly includes a multi-functional channel (6) and replaceable bolts; The multi-functional channel (6) is fixed to the surface of the combustion chamber side baffle (5). The inner wall of the multi-functional channel (6) is provided with internal threads, and the replaceable bolt is connected to the multi-functional channel (6) through the internal threads. The replaceable bolts include an intake bolt (61), a temperature measuring bolt (62), and a sealing bolt (63). The intake bolt (61) is used to allow airflow, the temperature measuring bolt (62) is used to measure the temperature distribution in the combustion chamber, and the sealing bolt (63) is used to seal the multi-functional channel (6).

5. The swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion according to claim 4, characterized in that, An air intake channel is provided at the center of the air intake bolt (61), and the air intake channel is connected to the multi-functional channel (6); The angle between the intake bolt (61) and the combustion chamber side baffle (5) is 5 to 90 degrees.

6. The swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion according to claim 4, characterized in that, A thermocouple is installed on the temperature measuring bolt (62).

7. The swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sealing bolt (63) is a sealing bolt, and the sealing bolt (63) is tightly fitted with the multi-functional channel (6).

8. The swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swirl burner also includes a catalytic porous plate (8), which is disposed in the combustion chamber. The catalytic porous plate (8) includes a catalytic porous plate fixing cavity (81) and / or a catalytic porous plate fixing bolt (82). The catalytic porous plate (8) is adjustablely fixed to the combustion chamber side baffle (5) by the catalytic porous plate fixing cavity (81) and / or the catalytic porous plate fixing bolt (82).

9. The swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thickness of the catalytic porous plate (8) is adjustable.

10. The swirl burner combining zoned combustion and catalytic combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion chamber side baffle (5) includes an ignition hole (51), a combustion chamber fixing threaded hole (52), and a combustion chamber sealing groove (53). The ignition hole (51) is located on the side baffle (5) of the combustion chamber and serves as the channel for the ignition gun to extend into; The combustion chamber sealing baffle (4) and the combustion chamber side baffle (5) are fixed by the combustion chamber fixing threaded hole (52); The combustion chamber sealing groove (53) is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber side baffle (5), and the combustion chamber sealing groove (53) is filled with a sealing strip.

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